Modeling the Motion of a Spring Consider a weight attached to a spring ‘ that is suspended from a horizontal bar a illustrated inthe figure. When the object comes to rest we say it is at “equilibrium” which is labeled 0 on the ‘vertical number line. IF you give the weight a push, either up or down, it will start to move and the motion can be ‘modeled by sine and cosine functions. ‘The “stiffness” of the spring and the ‘mass ofthe object affect how far the ‘object moves from the equilibrium position. The initial velocity and initial position aso affect the motion ofthe Spring. (We don’t always start atthe equilibrium position.) I we neglect ony damping free (air ele resistance ete) then th motion of he T Spring can be modeled by | i)" + 3,000 ‘where x(t) the position ofthe object along the number line at time 1. The other quantities are constants: isa constant that depends on the stiffness of the spring and the mass ofthe weight, isthe inital velocity, and xis the inital position ofthe objec. Model the motion of a weight on a spring: ‘Suppose @ weight is set in motion from a postion 3 centimeters below the equilibrium Position and with a downward velocity of 4 centimeters per second. (Please note that the Vertical number line used for postion is “upside down". This is a convention from physics and it means that postions below equilibrium actualy correspond to a positive value.) Assume that the spring stiffness and mass ofthe weight mean that «@=2 for this system. Part 1) Write the fianction ~(¢) that gives the position of the weight as a function of time rin seconds, (Your function should consist of a sine term and a cosine term.) x(t. 5 sinai}i3cos (at) X(t) = Isinfat) 4 Sees(at)2) Graph the separate sine and cosine components of your function from (1) on the same sin(eo) and x, = x, cos(ax)on the set of axes below. set of axes. That is graph x, =" (Sketch these graphs by hand and show two full eycles.) 3) Use a graphing calculator (or online graphing utility) to graph the entire function from ‘part (1). Use the window settings indicated below. Sketch what you see on your ‘calculator display. 4) Write an equation for your calculator graph in the form x(t) = Acos{B(¢—C)]. (Use the trace or maximum feature of your graphing utility to help you find values for A, B, and C. I expect to see decimal approximations for these values.) [au - o.a0)]ide ate 5) How are the graphs from part 2) related tothe graph in par 3)? Are the values for Period and amplitude the same or different? Why do you think we see these resuls? Please write out your explanation using complete sentences nation oF Ya pes iA qyeitinn 2. THe ean TuRe chengped Tae aragh Tn qyestion BYR a cee WoW gerted Stewed me Whew Rare was a S\rqd Qh ath, Part I: {6 Prove thatthe following is an identity (A i «postive constant) by filling inthe blanks below: Asing sin(er) + Acosgcos(ot) = Avos(at—) Asingsin(or) + Acosp oso) [= Kia Dsnlat)> ex(BlenGa [FecworoatA |] Neos) exalt) +4:n(6)-2-(0%)| Sate ee so) ong sinning] | ene OTT Die Part: Rewrite an expression ofthe form fe sincn +[z;]coston) = [Asin] into + [Aosgcos(er) in emns ofa cosine fnetion Acos(ot—$). Use te following definitions and your result from part I: ti fe Lr vised Remwder’ a= 4singsing=& Vi Puase pote hale Cy @Je.=4e6 con 2 Cy tam a AC Poss bly, Je - a= Jane Ca nage 4s the amplitude ofthe cosine function and ¢, “phi”, is called the phase angle and is ‘measured in radians.Example: Write 4sin3/+2cos3 in terms ofa cosine function. A=(enar sind + Le083t HAS co5 (18) A 4 Acae es ZaBeofser-0.99] Baron’) 200 4 Ran wo} 17) Rewrite your function from part 1) in terms of a cosine function: Acos(at ~). Show your work. _ ona asad eeos(at le I3 ofot-078] 2 ore _— ye acid a Fenbt-oan)] fe NN 4 wie tangs = t0'() Ge 0,598 8) Compare your function from part 4 and pat 7), What do you observe? Write a one or ‘wo sentence explanation, a eu N are idnalreal. Ta equations oF eels Had art :