S GD&T BNH THUN

TRNG THPT QUANG TRUNG

THI QUC GIA 2015

Mn : Ha Hc
Thi gian : 90 pht

Cu bit
Cu 1: Pht biu ng ?
A. Lin kt kim loi l lc ht tnh in gia cc electron t do gn cc ion dng kim
loi vi nhau.
B. Lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t kim loi thng c t 1 n 5 electron.
C. Tnh cht vt l chung ca kim loi nh: do, dn in, dn nhit, nh kim l do cc
ion dng kim loi cc nt mng tinh th gy ra.
D. Tt c cc kim loi u trng thi rn v c cu to mng tinh th.
Cu 2: Pht biu no sau y ng ?
A. Nng lng ion ha I1 ca kim loi kim gim dn t Li n Cs.
B. Ni kim loi Cu vi v tu thu bng thp th v tu thy s c bo v
C. mt vt bng Gang ra ngoi khng kh m th vt s b n mn ho hc.
D. Cu c kh nng tan c trong dung dch FeCl2.
Cu 3: Trong cc pht biu sau:
(1) Nhm l kim loi do nht.
(2) Thp l hp kim ca st vi cacbon c 2-5% khi lng.
(3) Wofam l kim loi c nhit nng chy cao nht.
(4) Kim cng l kim loi cng nht.
(5) Cu hnh e lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t kim loi kim l ns1.
(6) Nc cng l nc c cha nhiu cc ion Mg2+ v Ca2+.
C bao nhiu pht biu ng ?
A. 5

B. 4

C. 2

D. 3

Cu 4: Cho cc hn hp kim loi sau: (1) Mg Fe, (2) Mg K, (3) Mg Ag, (4) Ca Be. Ch
dng H2O c th nhn bit c bao nhiu hn hp kim loi trn ?.
A. 1

B. 2

C. 3

D. 4

Cu 5: Cho lung kh CO d qua hn hp cc oxit: Al2O3, CuO, Fe2O3, ZnO, MgO nung nhit
cao. Sau phn ng hn hp rn thu c gm ?
A. Al, Cu, FeO, ZnO, MgO

B. Al2O3, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mg.

C. Al2O3, Cu, Fe, Zn, MgO

D. Al, Cu, Fe, ZnO, MgO.

Cu 6: Cp cht no sau y tan trong dung dch KOH v dung dch H2SO4 long ?
A. Al(OH)3 v Ca(OH)2

B. Cr(OH)3 v Fe(OH)2

C. Mg(OH)2 v Sn(OH)2

D. Zn(OH)2 v Cr(OH)3

Cu 7: Nc cng khng gy ra tc hi no di y ?

A. Lm hng cc dung dch pha ch. Lm thc phm lu chn v gim mi v thc phm.
B. Gy hao tn nhin liu v khng an ton cho cc ni hi, lm tc cc ng ng dn
nc.
C. Gy ng c nc ung.
D. Lm mt tnh ty ra ca x phng, lm h hi qun o.
Cu 8: Pht biu ng l :
A. Cht bo rn l cht bo cha gc hircacbon khng no.
B. Cht bo lng l cht bo cha gc hircacbon no hoc khng no.
C. Hidro ha cc cht bo lng s thu c cht bo rn.
D. Cht bo lng l cht bo cha gc hircacbon no.
Cu 9: Sp xp no theo trt t tng dn lc baz ca cc hp cht sau y ng ?
A. C2H5NH2 < NH3 < C6H5NH2
B. NH3 < C6H5NH2 < C2H5NH2
C. C6H5NH2 < NH3 < C2H5NH2
D. NH3 < C2H5NH2 < C6H5NH2
Cu 10: Cng thc no sau y l ca xenluloz ?
A. [C6H7O2(OH)3]n. B. [C6H8O2(OH)3]n. C. [C6H7O3(OH)3]n. D. [C6H5O2(OH)3]n.
Cu 11: Saccaroz v glucoz u c:
A. Phn ng vi dung dch NaCl.
B. Phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng to thnh dung dch xanh lam.
C. Phn ng thu phn trong mi trng axit.
D. Phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 un nng.
Cu 12: Khi thy phn bt k cht bo no cng thu c
A. glixerol.
B. axit oleic.
C. axit panmitic
D. axit stearic.
Cu 13: Trong cc cht cho sau y: xenluloz, ct, canxi cacbua, ancol etylic, cao su, tinh bt,
natri clorua, st kim loi, oxi, du m; cht l nguyn liu t nhin l
A. xenluloz, ct, canxi cacbua, tinh bt, st kim loi, oxi, du m.
B. xenluloz, ct, cao su, tinh bt, natri clorua, oxi, du m.
C. xenluloz, ancol etylic, tinh bt, natri clorua, oxi, du m.
D. xenluloz, cao su, ancol etylic, tinh bt, st kim loi, oxi, du m.
Cu 14: Hp cht X c cng thc cu to: CH3CH2COOCH3. Tn gi ca X l:
A. etyl axetat.
B. metyl propionat. C. metyl axetat.
D. propyl axetat.
Cu hiu
Cu 15: Cho phn ng: Zn + H2SO4
v sn phm kh ln lt l.
A. 1; 1

c
,t 0

ZnSO4 + SO2 + H2O. H s cn bng ca cht kh

B. 2; 1

C. 1;2.

D. 2;3.

Cu 16: Khi iu ch FeCl2 bng cch cho Fe tc dng vi dd HCl. bo qun dung dch
FeCl2 thu c khng b chuyn ha thnh hp cht st (III), ngi ta c th cho thm vo dung
dch FeCl2 mt lng d cht no sau y ?
A. Mg.

B. Fe.

C. Cu.

D. Ca.

Cu 17: Cho cc pht biu sau :

(1) Thanh km nhng trong dd CuSO4 xy ra n mn in ha.
(2) Dung dch cht in li dn in c l do s chuyn ng ca cc cation v anion.
(3) Khi phn li Na2HPO3 cho ra ion H+.
(4) Dung dch LiOH c pH = 8,0 i mu dung dch Phenolphtalein sang mu hng.
(5) Kim loi Cu tc dng vi HNO3 c hin tng quan st c l c kh mu nu bay
ln, dung dch ban u chuyn sang mu xanh.

(6) iu ch kim loi l s kh ion kim loi dng hp cht thnh kim loi n cht.
S pht biu ng l
A. 5

B. 3

C. 4

D. 2

Cu 18: Cho cc th nghim sau:

(1) dung dch HCl d vo dung dch NaAlO2
(2) dung dch AlCl3 d vo dung dch NaOH
(3) kh CO2 vo dung dch NaAlO2 d,
(4) Sc kh NH3 d vo dung dch Al(NO3)3
(5) Bt Fe vo dung dch FeCl3 d.
S th nghim thu c kt ta ?.
A. 2

B. 3

C. 4

D.1

Cu 19: C dung dch CuSO4 c chia lm 2 phn bng nhau:

- Phn 1: Tc dng va vi dung dch x mol NaOH.
- Phn 2: in phn vi hiu sut < 100% c dung dch Q. Dung dch Q phn ng va vi
y mol NaOH. Mi quan h gia x v y l ?
A. x = y
B. x > y
C. x < y
D. x y
Cu 20. Khi cho Zn vo dung dch cha 3 mui sau: FeCl3, CuCl2, FeCl2. Cc phn ng xy ra
nh sau :
(1). Zn + Fe3+ Zn2+ + Fe2+

(2). Zn + Cu2+ Zn2+ + Cu

(3). Zn + Fe2+ Zn2+ + Fe.

Th t xy ra phn ng l:
A. 2, 1, 3

B. 1, 2, 3

C. 3, 2, 1

D. 1, 3, 2

Cu 21: C 3 kim loi X, Y, Z tha mn:

- X tc dng vi HCl, khng tc dng vi NaOH v HNO3 c ngui.
- Y tc dng c vi HCl v HNO3 c ngui, khng tc dng vi NaOH.
- Z tc dng c vi HCl v NaOH, khng tc dng vi HNO3 c ngui.
Vy X, Y, Z ln lt l
A. Fe, Mg, Zn

B. Zn, Mg, Al

C. Fe, Mg, Al

D. Fe, Al, Mg

Cu 22: Hai cht hu c X1 v X2 u c khi lng phn t bng 60 vC. X1 c kh nng

phn ng vi: Na, NaOH, Na2CO3. X2 phn ng vi Na nhng khng phn ng NaOH. Cng
thc cu to ca X2, X1 ln lt l:
A. CH3-COOH, H-COO-CH3.
B. (CH3)2CH-OH, H-COO-CH3.
C. H-COO-CH3, CH3-COOH.
D. CH3-COOH, C3H7-OH.
Cu 23: Este X c cc c im sau:
- t chy hon ton X to thnh CO2 v H2O c s mol bng nhau;
- Thu phn X trong mi trng axit c cht Y (tham gia phn ng trng gng) v cht
Z (c s nguyn t cacbon bng mt na s nguyn t cacbon trong X). Pht biu khng ng
l:
A. t chy hon ton 1 mol X sinh ra sn phm gm 2 mol CO2 v 2 mol H2O.
B. Cht Y tan v hn trong nc.

C. Cht X thuc loi este no, n chc.

D. un Z vi dung dch H2SO4 c 170oC thu c anken.
Cu 24: Dung dch saccaroz tinh khit khng c tnh kh, nhng khi un nng vi dung dch
H2SO4 li c th cho phn ng trng gng. l do:
A. c s to thnh anehit sau phn ng.
B. Saccaroz b thu phn to thnh glucoz v fructoz.
C. Saccaroz b thu phn to thnh hai phn t glucoz .
D. Saccaroz b thu phn to thnh hai phn t fructoz.
Cu 25: Cho cc pht biu:
(1) Tt c cc anehit u c c tnh oxi ha v tnh kh
(2) Tt c cc axit cacboxylic u khng tham gia P trng bc
(3) P thy phn este trong mi trng axit l P thun nghch
(4) Tt c cc ancol no, a chc u ha tan c Cu(OH) 2
Pht biu ng l
A. (2) v (4)
B. (3) v (4)
C. (1) v (3)
D. (1) v (2)
Cu 26: Trong s cc polime di y loi no c ngun gc t xenluloz: (1) si bng; (2)
t olon; (3) len lng cu; (4) t enang; (5) t visco; (6) t nilon-6; (7) t axtat; (8) t capron
A. (1), (3), (5)
B. (1), (5), (7), (8) C. (1), (5), (7)
D. (1), (3), (5), (8)
Cu 27: Cho cc sau :
- Cc animoaxit khng lm i mu qu tm.
- Axit glutamic lm qu tm ha xanh.
- Gly tc dng vi dung dch axit nhng khng tc dng vi dung dch baz
- Val c 1 nhm NH2 v 1 nhm COOH .
- Lys lm qu tm ha .
S pht biu sai l :
A. 5
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Cu 28: Mt peptit c tn l Bradikinin c tc dng lm gim huyt p, l mt nanopeptit c
cng thc vit tt l: Arg Pro Pro GlyPheSerProPheArg. Khi thy phn khng hon
ton peptit ny c th thu c bao nhiu tri peptit m thnh phn c cha phenyl alanin ( vit
tt Phe).
A. 4
B. 3
C. 6
D. 5
Cu vn dng thp
Cu 29: un 6 gam axit axetic vi 6,9 gam etanol (c H 2SO4 c lm xc tc) n khi phn ng
t ti trng thi cn bng, thu c 5,72 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ha l (Cho H =
1; C = 12; O = 16).
A. 50,0%
B. 25,0%
C. 65,0%
D. 75,0%
Cu 30. Xenluloz trinitrat l cht d chy v n mnh, c iu ch t xenluloz v axit
nitric. Th tch dung dch HNO3 63 % (D = 1,52 g/ml) cn dng tc dng vi lng d
xenluloz to 297 gam xenluloz trinitrat l
A. 243,90 ml
B. 300,0 ml
C. 189,0 ml
D. 197,4 ml
Cu 31: Trng ngng m gam glixin (axit aminoetanoic), hiu sut 80%, thu c 68,4 gam
polime v 21,6 gam nc. Tr s ca m l:
A. 112,5 gam
B. 90 gam
C. 85,5 gam
D. 72 gam
Cu 32: Hn hp X gm HCOOH v CH3COOH c s mol bng nhau. Ly 5,3 g hn hp X
cho T/d vi 5,75 g C2H5OH (c H2SO4 c lm xc tc) thu c m (g) hn hp este (hiu sut
cc phn ng este ha u bng 80%). Gi tr m l
A. 8,80
B. 7,04
C. 6,48
D. 8,10
Cu 33: Ho tan hon ton 5,4 gam kim loi R vo dung dch HNO3 d thu c 3,36 lt kh
(ktc) khng mu t ha mu ngoi khng kh. Vy R l kim loi no sau y ?
A. Zn

B. Cu

C. Mg

D. Ag

Cu 34: Cho dung dch KOH d vo dung dch FeCl 2 thu c 13,5 g kt ta. Nu thay dung
dch KOH bng dung dch AgNO3 d th thu c m gam kt ta. Gi tr ca m l
A. 43,05
B. 59,25
C. 53,85
D. 48,45.
Cu 35: Thi mt lung kh CO qua ng s cha m gam hn hp gm CuO , FeO Fe3O4 , Al2O3
nung nng. Kh Thot ra khi ng s cho qua Ca(OH)2 d thu c 0,15 gam kt ta. Sau phn
ng cht rn trong ng s c khi lng 2,15 gam. Gi tr m l:
A. 2,174 gam.
B. 1,198 gam.
C. 2,230 gam
D. 3,505 gam
Cu 36: Cho 4,88 gam hn hp gm FeCl2 v NaCl (c t l s mol tng ng l 1 : 2) vo mt
lng nc (d), thu c dung dch X. Cho dung dch AgNO3 (d) vo dung dch X, sau khi
phn ng xy ra hon ton sinh ra m gam cht rn. Gi tr ca m l
A. 5,74 g

B. 13,64 g

C. 11,5 g

D. 2,16 g

Cu vn dng cao
Cu 37: Thy phn hn hp gm 0,02 mol saccaroz v 0,01 mol mantoz mt thi gian thu
c dd X (hiu sut P thy phn mi cht u l 75%). Khi cho ton b X T/d vi dd
AgNO3/NH3 d th lng Ag thu c l
A.0,090 mol
B. 0,095 mol
C. 0,12 mol
D. 0,06 mol
Cu 38: Thy phn hon ton 0,05 mol este ca 1 axit a chc vi 1 ancol n chc cn 5,6
gam KOH. Mt khc, khi thy phn 5,475 gam este th cn 4,2 gam KOH v thu c 6,225
gam mui. CTCT ca este l:
A. (COOC2H5)2
B. (COOC3H7)2
C. (COOCH3)2
D. CH2(COOCH3)2
2
+
Cu 39: Dung dch X cha 0,07mol Na , x mol SO4 , 0,01 mol OH . Dung dch Y cha y mol

H+, z mol Ba 2 , 0,02mol NO3 . Trn X vi Y, sau khi phn ng xong c 500ml dung dch c
pH = 2 v thu c m gam kt ta. Tnh m
A. 0,5825g
B. 3,495g
C. 0,345g
D. 6,99g
Cu 40: X l hn hp gm Fe v 2 oxit ca st. Ha tan ht 15,12 gam X trong dd HCl d , sau P c
16,51 gam mui Fe (II) v m gam mui Fe (III ). Mt khc cho 15,12 gam X P hon ton vi dd HNO3
long d c 1,568 lt NO ( ktc ). % v khi lng ca Fe trong X l
A. 11,11%
B.29,63%
C. 14,81%
D.33,33%

P N V HNG DN GII
Cu 1:
A. Lin kt kim loi l lc ht tnh in gia cc electron t do gn cc ion dng kim
loi vi nhau.
Cu 2:
A. Nng lng ion ha I1 ca kim loi kim gim dn t Li n Cs.
Cu 3: B. 4
(1) Nhm l kim loi do nht.
(3) Wofam l kim loi c nhit nng chy cao nht.
(5) Cu hnh e lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t kim loi kim l ns1.
(6) Nc cng l nc c cha nhiu cc ion Mg2+ v Ca2+.
Cu 4: B. 2 (2) Mg K, (4) Ca Be.
Cu 5: C. Al2O3, Cu, Fe, Zn, MgO
Cu 6: C. Gy ng c nc ung.
Cu 7: D. Zn(OH)2 v Cr(OH)3
Cu 8: C. Hidro ha cc cht bo lng s thu c cht bo rn.
Cu 9: C. C6H5NH2 < NH3 < C2H5NH2
Cu 10: A. [C6H7O2(OH)3]n.
Cu 11: B. Phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 nhit thng to thnh dung dch xanh lam.
Cu 12: A. glixerol.

Cu 13: B. xenluloz, ct, cao su, tinh bt, natri clorua, oxi, du m.
Cu 14: B. metyl propionat
Cu 15: Chn A: Cn bng Zn + 2H2SO4 c ,t 0 ZnSO4 + SO2 + H2O
Cu 16: B: V Fe tc dng vi Fe3+ to ra Fe2+
Cu 17: C: Pht biu ng (1), (2), (5), (6)
Cu 18: B: Th nghim thu c kt ta (2), (3), (4)
Cu 19: A; V s mol CuSO4 2 phn bng nhau.
Cu 20: B: V tnh Oxi ha Fe3+ > Cu2+ > Fe2+
Cu 21: C:
- X tc dng vi HCl, khng tc dng vi NaOH v HNO3 c ngui loi Zn vy b cu B
- Y tc dng c vi HCl v HNO3 c ngui, khng tc dng vi NaOH loi Al vy b cu D
- Z tc dng c vi HCl v NaOH, khng tc dng vi HNO3 c ngui loi Zn vy b cu A
Cu 22: D
X1 v X2 u c khi lng phn t bng 60 vC: C3H8O, C2H4O2.
X1 c kh nng phn ng vi: Na, NaOH, Na2CO3 vy X1 l axit: CH3-COOH
X2 phn ng vi Na nhng khng phn ng NaOH vy X2 l ancol : C3H7-OH
Cu 23: D
- t chy hon ton X to thnh CO2 v H2O c s mol bng nhau : este no;
- Thu phn X trong mi trng axit c cht Y (tham gia phn ng trng gng) vy Y l
HCOOH v cht Z (c s nguyn t cacbon bng mt na s nguyn t cacbon trong X) vy Z
o
l CH3OH =>un Z vi dung dch H2SO4 c 170 C thu c anken l khng hp l..
Cu 24: B. Saccaroz b thu phn to thnh glucoz v fructoz.
Cu 25: C
(1) Tt c cc anehit u c c tnh oxi ha v tnh kh
(3) P thy phn este trong mi trng axit l P thun nghch
Cu 26: C (1) si bng; (5) t visco; (7) t axtat;
Cu 27: D
- Cc animoaxit khng lm i mu qu tm.
- Axit glutamic lm qu tm ha xanh.
- Gly tc dng vi dung dch axit nhng khng tc dng vi dung dch baz
- Lys lm qu tm ha .
Cu 28: D (Pro GlyPhe; GlyPheSer; PheSerPro; SerProPhe; ProPheArg)
Cu 29: C
H 2 SO4 d

CH3COOH + C2H5OH

t0

CH3COO2H5 + H2O

0,1 ---------------------------------> 0,1

meste = 88.0,1 = 8,8
==> H = 5,72.100/8,8 = 65,0
Cu 30. D
[C6H7O2(OH)3]n + 3n HNO3 [C6H7O2(ONO2)3]n + 3n H2O
189
297
m = 189
297
==> V = 189.100/63.1,52 = 197,4 ml
Cu 31: A m = (68,4 + 21,6).100/80 = 112,5
Cu 32:

x mol
HCOOH
46 x 60 x 5,3 x 0, 05
CH 3COOH x mol

5,3 gam hh X

5, 75
0,125 mol
46
H SO

2 4d
HCOOH + C2H5OH

nC2H5OH

t0

0, 05.

HCOO2H5

80

100

0,04
H 2 SO4 d

CH3COOH + C2H5OH
0, 05.

+ H2O

t0

mol

CH3COO2H5 + H2O

80

100

0,04

mol

meste = 0,04 . 74 + 0,04 .88= 6,48 gam

Cu 33: C
Ta c nNO = 0,15 mol.
R0 R+n + ne v N+5 + 3e N+2
x

0,45 0,15

nx

x = 0,45/n MR = 5,4.n/0,45 = 12n

- Vi n= 1 MR = 12 (loi)
- Vi n= 2 MR = 24 (Mg)
Cu 34: B
Fe2+ + 2OH- Fe(OH)2

0,15

0,15

FeCl2 + 2AgNO3 Fe(NO3)2 + 2AgCl

0,15

0,15

0,3

Fe(NO3)2+ AgNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + Ag

0,15

0,15

0,15

Vy m kt ta = 0,3.143,5 + 0,15.108 = 59,25 gam.

Cu 35: A
Ta c nO = nCaCO3 = 1,5.10-3.
Vy m = 2,15 + 16. 1,5.10-3 = 2,174 gam.
Cu 36: C
T t l v khi lng ban u tnh c s mol FeCl2 = 0,02 v s mol NaCl = 0,04.
FeCl2 + 2AgNO3 2AgCl + Fe(NO3)2
0,02

0,04 0,02

NaCl + AgNO3 AgCl + NaNO3

0,04

0,04

Fe(NO3)2 + AgNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + Ag

0,02

0,02.

Khi lng cht rn: m = 11,5 gam.

Cu 37: B
0,02 mol saccaroz 0,02.2.0,75 = 0,03 nAg = 0,06
0,01 mol mantoz 0,01.2.0,75 = 0,015 nAg = 0,03
Cn 0,0225 mol mantoz nAg = 0,0025.2 = 0,005 nAg = 0,095 mol
Saccaroz khng P vi AgNO3
Cu 38: A
nKOH = 0,1 mol v nKOH = 2n este este hai chc to bi axit hai chc v ancol n chc.
CTCT: R(COOR,)2 + 2KOH R(COOK)2 + 2R,OH
0,0375 0,075
Khi lng tng = 2(39- R,) , theo bi ra m= 6,225-5,475 = 0,75
0,0375 (78-2R,) = 0,75 R, = 29 (C2H5)
M este = R + (44+29).2 = 5,475/0,0375 R = 0.
Cu 39: A
Dung dch X. S mol (SO4)2- = 0,03 mol.
T pH = 2 ta tnh c s mol H+ = 5. 10-3 mol.
Vy s mol H+ trong dung dch Y l : 0,01 + 5. 10-3 = 0,015 mol
S mol ca Ba2+ = 2,5.10-3 mol.
Ba2+ + SO42- BaSO4
Vy khi lng kt ta: m = 2,5.10-3.233 = 0,5825 gam.
Cu 40: C
Quy i 15,12 gam X thnh : Fe ( x mol ) ; FeO ( y mol )
v Fe 2O3
Ho tan vo dd HCl ta c pt : x + y = 16,51/127 = 0,13 mol.
Cho X vo HNO3 d :
Fe Fe3+ + 3e
N+5 + 3e NO
x
3x
0,21 0,07
3+
FeO Fe + 1e
y
y
Bo ton electron: 3x + y = 0,21
Gii h x = 0,04 mol v y = 0,09 mol % mFe = 0,04.56/15,12 . 100% = 14,81