9912002

9912020
9912034
1
&
2
()

()

()()

(step-down
transformer)(step-up transformer)

(1)(Faradays Law)
N B
d B
B

dt
(2) N 2
N 1 (stet-up transformer)
(step-down transformer)
d B
=N
dt
V 1 1 N 1
= =
V 2 2 N 2

()


(relative permeability)
(soft iron)

3
1
2
3
4

2
6

4
1. (voltage transformer)
N1 N 2 U1
U 2
(a) N1 : N 2 300 :150
(b)
(c) U1 ( 0V : 10V )
U 2

(d) N1 : N 2 150 : 300

(c)

(e) N1 : N 2 300 : 300

(c)
2.

(current transformer)

N1 N 2 I1
I 2
(a) N1 : N 2 300 :150
(b)
(c) I1 ( 0.1A : 1.0 A )
I 2
(d) N1 : N 2 150 : 300
(c)

(e) N1 : N 2 300 : 300

(c)
3.

&(isolating transformer & autotransformer)

(isolating transformer)
(a) N1 N 2 N1 : N 2 150 :150

(b) U1 ( 0V : 10V )
U 2

(autotransformer)
(a) N1 : N 2 300 :150
(b) U1 ( 0V : 10V )
U 2

5
N1 =
U1 = [V]
I1 = [A]
1.

N 2 =
U 2 = [V]
I 2 = [A]

(voltage transformer)
N1:N2=300:300

N1:N2=300:150

N1:N2=150:300

U1
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00

U1
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00

U1
0.00
0.51
1.00
1.50
2.00
2.50
3.00
3.50
4.00
4.50
5.00

U2
0.00
1.01
1.98
2.99
3.99
4.98
5.96
6.99
7.97
8.99
9.96

U2
0.00
0.50
0.98
1.49
1.97
2.49
2.99
3.50
3.99
4.46
4.97

U2
0.00
1.00
2.00
2.99
3.98
5.01
5.99
6.99
7.95
8.99
9.98

 U1 U2
12.00
N2:N1=300:300
10.00

Linear (N2:N1=300:300)

2x - 0
f(x) = 1x

8.00
U2[V]

6.00N2:N1=300:150
4.00

Linear (N2:N1=300:150)

f(x) = 0.5x - 0

2.00
N2:N1=150:300
0.00
0.00
2.00

Linear (N2:N1=150:300)
4.00

6.00

8.00

U1[V]

U2
=1.9964 2
N1 : N 2 150 : 300 U1
0.0036 0
U2
=0.4978 0.5
N1 : N 2 300 : 300 U1
0.0009 0
U2
=0.9969 1
N1 : N 2 300 :150 U1
0.0036 0
U2 N2
=
U
N1 0
1

2.

(current transformer)
N1:N2=300:300

N1:N2=300:150

N1:N2=150:300

I1
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90

I1
0.00
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
0.50

I1
0.00
0.10
0.20
0.30
0.40
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.90

I2
0.00
0.10
0.19
0.30
0.40
0.49
0.59
0.69
0.79
0.89

I2
0.00
0.20
0.30
0.39
0.50
0.60
0.70
0.80
0.89
0.99

I2
0.00
0.04
0.10
0.15
0.19
0.23
0.29
0.34
0.39
0.44

10.00

1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40

f(x) =

1.00
1.09
1.19
1.29
1.39

0.55
0.60
0.65
0.70
0.75

1.10
1.19
1.29
1.38
1.48

1.00
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.40
1.50

0.49
0.54
0.60
0.64
0.69
0.75

I1 I2
1.60

N2:N1=300:300

Linear (N2:N1=300:300)

0.80 N2:N1=300:150

Linear (N2:N1=300:150)

1.40
1.20
1.00
I2[A]

0.60

f(x) = 0.5x - 0.01

0.40
0.20

N2:N1=150:300
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.40

Linear (N2:N1=150:300)
0.60

0.80

1.00

1.20

1.40

I1[A]

I2
=0.4991 0.5
N1 : N 2 150 : 300 I1
0.0068 0
I2
=0.9939 1
N1 : N 2 300 : 300 I1
0.0024 0
I2
=1.9765 2
N1 : N 2 300 :150 I1
0.0033 0
I 2 N1
=
I
N 2 0
1

1.60

3.

&(isolating transformer & autotransformer)

U1
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00

U2
0.00
1.00
2.00
2.99
3.99
4.99
5.97
6.97
8.00
8.95
9.98

U1
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
8.00
9.00
10.00

U2
0.00
0.50
0.99
1.48
2.00
2.49
3.00
3.48
3.98
4.50
5.00

U1 U2
12.00
10.00
isolating transformer
f(x) =

1x + 0Linear (isolating transformer)

autotransformer

8.00
U2[V]

6.00
4.00

f(x) = 0.5x - 0.01

Linear (autotransformer)
2.00
0.00
0.00

2.00

4.00

6.00

8.00

U1[V]

(isolating transformer)
U2
=0.9967 1
N1 : N 2 150 :150 U1
0.0018 0
U 2 N2
=
U
N1 0
1

10.00

(autotransformer)
U2
=0.4997 0.5
N1 : N 2 300 :150 U1
0.0059 0
U 2 N2
=
U
N1 0
1

isolating
transformer autotransformer