MECHANICAL

PROPERTIES

STRENGTH
ELASTICITY
PLASTICITY
STIFFNESS
RESILIENCE
TOUGHNESS
MALLEABILITY
DUCTILITY
BRITTLENESS
HARDNESS

STRENGTH
Strength is defined as the ability of the
materials to resist, without rupture ,external
forces causing

ELASTICITY
Elasticity is defined as the ability of the material
to regain its original shape and size after the
defomation , when the external force removed.

ELASTIC DEFORMATION
1. Initial

2. Load

3. Unload

bonds
stretch
return to
initial shape

PLASTICITY
Plasticity is the defined as the ability of the
material
to retain the deformation produced under the
load on a permanent basis.

PLASTIC DEFROMATION
1. Initial

2. Load
bonds
stretch
& planes
shear

3. Unload

p lanes
still
sheared

plastic

STIFFNESS
Stiffness or rigidity is defined as the ability of
the material to resist deformation under the
action of an external load.

RESILIENC
E
Resilience is defined as the ability of the
material to absorb the energy when deformed
elastically and to release this energy when
unloaded.

TOUGHNESS
Toughness is the defined as the ability of the
material to absorb energy before fracture
takes place.
Toughness is the energy for failure by
fracture.

MALLEABILITY
Malleability is defined as the ability of the
material to deform to a greater extent before the
sign of crack ,when it is subjected to
compressive force.
Malleability increases with temperature.

DUCTILITY
Ductility is the defined as the ability of
material to deform to a greater extent before
sign of crack, When it is subjected to tensile
force .
ductility is decreases with increasing
temperature.
Diagram of ductile material

BRITTLENESS
Brittleness is the property of a material which
shows negligible plastic material deformation
before fracture takes place.

HARDNESS
Hardness is defined as the resistance of the
material to permanent deformation.
Hardness increases , the strength also
increases.
e.g.,
10mm sphere

apply known force

(1 to 1000g)

measure size
of indent after
removing load

Smaller indents
mean larger
hardness.