PROJECTINTHEPHILIPPINES

Edna Gapuz
Director, Environment Management Office, Center for Sustainable Human
Development, Development Academy of the Philippines
Workshop on Waste Plastics Management in Developing Countries
1-4 March 2011, AIST Tsukuba

Outline

ProjectOverview
PhilippinesPlastic
Industry
NationalPolicyonSolid
y
WasteManagement
CebuCityWastePlastics
Baseline
AssessmentofCurrent
WasteManagement
System
Recommendation
d

Overview

UNEPDTIEIETCandDAPProjectaimstobuildlocal
capacitytodevelopaPlasticwasteinventoryandassess
thecurrentwasteplasticsmanagementplanatcitylevel
IdentifyandimplementESTfortheconversionofwaste
y
p
plasticsintoaresource
Assesspotentialforresourceconservationandgreenhouse
p
g
gas(GHG)emissionsreduction
Assess feasibility with respects to local socioeconomic
Assessfeasibilitywithrespectstolocalsocio
economicand
and
environmentalcharacteristics
Draft a pilot project to demonstrate conversion of waste
Draftapilotprojecttodemonstrateconversionofwaste
plasticstofuel

Plastics Industryy Profile in Philippines

pp

Plastics Industryy Profile in Philippines

pp

Plastics Industryy Profile in Philippines

pp

Philippines Plastic Industry

Philippines Plastic Industry

Philippines Plastic Industry

Philippines Plastic Industry

Philippines Plastic Industry

Philippine Ecological Solid Waste Management

P li
Policy:
R
Republic
bli A
Actt 9003

January 26, 2001

Approval of RA 9003
February 16, 2001
Effectivity of RA 9003
December 21, 2001
Signing of the IRR of RA 9003
F b
February
16,
16 2004
All Open Dumpsites should have been closed
or converted to Controlled Disposal Facilities (Sec.
37)
February 16, 2006
All Controlled Disposal Facilities shall be
deemed closed and phase-out (Sec. 37)

Solid Waste under RA 9003

> discarded household
commercial waste
> non-hazardous
institutional and
industrial waste
g
> street sweepings
> construction debris
> agricultural waste
> other non-hazardous/
non-toxic wastes

Institutional Structure ((Sec. 4))

National Solid Waste
Management Commission
(Policy Making)

DENR-EMB-NSWMC/S
DENR
EMB NSWMC/S
(Technical Support
& Enforcement )

Ecological Solid Waste

Management Act

Local Government
Units
(Implementation)

Waste Generators/Citizens

ROLE OF THE LGU (Sec

(Sec. 10)

primarily responsible for the implementation and

enforcement of the provisions of this Act within
their respective jurisdictions

barangay level shall conduct segregation and

collection of solid waste for biodegradable,
compostable
t bl and
d reusable
bl wastes
t

municipality or city shall be responsible for the

collection of non-recyclable materials and special
wastes

Creation of the following Solid Waste

Management Boards at the Local
Government Level:
Level:
City/Municipal
SWM Board
(Sec. 12)

Provincial SWM Board (Sec

(Sec. 11)

Barangay SWM
C
Committee
itt (Sec.
(S
12)

COMPLIANCE
CO
C with
t RA 9003 for
o LGUs
GUs

Sec 21 Segregation at Source

Sec 23 Segregated Collection
Sec 33 - Recovery/Recycling
y
y
g Systems
y
Sec 37 Closure/Conversion of Open
Dumps to CDF

Controlled Disposal Facilities

Final Disposal Systems

COMPLIANCE
CO
C with
t RA 9003 for
o LGUs
GUs

Sec 21 Segregation at Source

The most indispensable element of any
effective ESWM Program
Proven by the enactment of an Ordinance that
mandates at Municipal Solid Wastes (MSW)
must be segregated at source and placed in at
least 3 separate containers, (a) Compostables,
(b) R
Recyclables,
l bl
and
d ((c)) R
Residuals
id l
Compliance is monitored through Barangay
Level Monitoring Systems

Classification of Waste under RA 9003

Compostable
s

Special Wastes

Recyclables

Non-recyclables/residuals

COMPOSTABLE WASTE
Compostable wastes are biodegradable
wastes such as food waste, garden waste and
animal waste.
Examples are:
Fruit and vegetable peelings, leftover foods,
vegetable trims, fish/fowl/meat/animal entrails/,
soft
ft shells,
h ll seeds,
d leaves,
l
etc.,
t

RECYCLABLE WASTE
Recyclable materials refer to any waste
material retrieved from the waste
stream and free from contamination
that can still be converted into suitable
beneficial use.
Examples are:
Newspaper, ferrous and non-ferrous
scrap metals, corrugated cardboard,
aluminum,, tin cans,, g
glass,, p
papers,
p
, etc.,,

SPECIAL WASTE
Special waste refer to household hazardous
wastes.
Examples are:

Paints, thinner, household batteries, lead-acid

batteries, spray canisters, bulky wastes, consumer
electronics (which refer to worn-out, broken and
other discarded items), white goods (which refer to
large worn-out or broken household appliances),
oil,
il tires,
ti
etc.,
t

RESIDUAL WASTE
Residual wastes are solid waste materials
that are non-compostable and non-recyclable.
Examples are:
Sanitary napkins, disposable diapers, worn-out
rugs, ceramics, candy wrappers/sachets, cartons
which contain a plastic lining usually used for
milk
ilk and
d juice
j i containers,
t i
etc.,
t

Solid Waste Composition

Metals, 5%

S
Special/Hazardous,
i l/H
d
1%

Residuals, 4%
Gl
Glass,
3%

Paper,
12%
Plastics,
25%

Food and
Other
organics
organics,
50%

Waste Analysis and Characterization Survey (WACS)-Metro Manila Solid Waste

Management Project, ADB 2003

Current
Recycling
System in the
Philippines

Households

Commercial
Establishments

Industries

Reuse

Waste
Discarded

Segregated & Retained

at Source

Waste Pickers
Collection Truck
MRF
Sent to
Landfill

Truck
Workers

Agents
A
t /
Collectors
Middlemen
Export

Sold to
T d
Traders

Scavengers
g
Traders

Landfill
Import

Recycling
Industries

(1) Door-to-Door Collection

Collectors move around the target

g area and
collect recyclable materials from house-to-house

(2) Stationary Collection

Collection system utilizing MRFs that are set up

within or near the targeted collection area

(3) Waste Collection by Trucks

Garbage
g truck workers segregate
g g
recyclable
y
materials
while collecting garbage from house-to-house

(4) Dumpsite Scavenging

Scavengers
g
collect recyclable
y
materials from
the mixed wastes disposed in dumpsites

(5) Junkshops/Middlemen/Agents

Individuals or premises buy recyclable materials from the

primary collectors including scavengers,
scavengers waste pickers and
individuals

(6) Traders (Larger Scale Middlemen)

Individuals or premises buy recyclable materials from
primary collectors and small junkshops
junkshops, and sometimes
carry-out pre-treatment, e.g., compacting, shredding

Material Flow of Waste Plastics in the

Phili i
Philippines
Supply of Plastic RM in the Philippines
Local Supply of
Recycled Plastic
(C )

Supply of
Imported
(A) + (B)

Local Production of
Virgin RM
(D) net of export

Export of Virgin
RM local RM

288,000

596,480

128,762

83,271

Import of Plastic
Finished Product
(E)

Total Available Finished Plastic Products in RP

(A) + (B) + (C ) + (D) + (E)

344,493

1,357,735

Total Plastic for Domestic Consumption

(A) + (B) + (C ) + (D) + (E) - (F)

1,261,405

Export of
Recycled Plastics

Recycled
net of export

44,733
243,267

Kept & Still in

Use
973,405
574,309

Final
Disposal

399,096

Source: National Statistics Office

Data on Recycling are PPIA estimates on MPRAI and Non-MPRAI operating capacities

production exported

Export of Plastic
Finished
Product
(F)
96,330

Waste Plastics into Fuel

C b Cit
Cebu
City, Philippines
Phili i
Case
C

Selection Criteria

Quantity and characteristics of waste plastics;

Possible application of fuels derived from
waste plastics;
p
Local commitment and interest;
Existence of enabling policy;
Favorable political environment; and
Presence of potential project partners

Cebu City as Project Site

Oldest Philippine city

Second international gateway in the country
Center of economic activities in the Visayas and
Mindanao areas
Second largest urban economic center in the
country.
29,124.78 hectares, 5,598.53 hectares of which are
classified as urban
80 villages/
ill
/B
Barangays with
ith 46 att th
the N
North
th Di
District
ti t
and 34 at the South District.
50 are classified as urban and the rest rural

Cebu City as Project Site

pegged solid waste reduction targets that push the

LGU to perform better in SWM.
First, in the 4th Kitakyushu Initiative Network Meeting
(June 2007), Cebu City committed to reduce waste
generation by 50%,
50% to be monitored until 2010
Second, the City Solid Waste Management Board
(CSWMB) target for 2015 is to make Cebu the
cleanest and greenest city in the country (Ten-year
plan 2005-2014)
plan,
2005 2014).
Cebu City LGUs desire to reduce waste generation.
piloting of the biodegradable waste in eight barangays
(The smallest political unit in the Philippines)

Based on Cebu Citys 2006 Waste

A
Assessment
t

organic waste was found to be 50.56% of

the total waste
plastics was at 16.87%.
Paper was third at 16
16.18%.
18%
Other wastes included mixed residue at
7 84% metal at 3.51%,
7.84%,
3 51% special waste
aste at
2.00%, glass at 1.63%, construction
materials
t i l 1.00%,
1 00% h
hazardous
d
waste
t 0.32%
0 32%
and electronic waste at 0.10%.

Classification of Waste Plastic Based

on 2006 L
LandFill
dFill Assessment
A
t

0.43% Styrofoam,
6.60% are shopping
pp g bags
g and
9.84% are classified as other kinds of
plastics.
plastics

Waste Sectors
WasteSectors

CommercialSector Wastesdisposedbybusinesses,
institutionsandmarketplacesthatthatarecollected
andtransportedbyprivateandgovernmenthaulers.
ResidentialSector Wastesdisposedbyhouseholds
collectedandtransportedbyprivateand
governmenthaulers.
IndustrialSector Wastegeneratedfromindustrial
areasandtransportedbyprivateandgovernment
haulers.

Baseline in 6 Pilot Barangays

Baselinein6PilotBarangays

BarangayHipodromo
BarangayMabolo
BarangayLoregaSanMiguel
Barangay Luz
BarangayLuz
BarangayApas
BarangayBusay

*AllarelocatedintheNorthDistrict

ReasonsforChoosingthepilotsites

LLeadershipoftheinitiativehasbeenelevatedtotheCity
d hi f th i iti ti h b
l t d t th Cit
Council,whichensuresachampionandadvocateforan
enablingpolicyfortheproject.
Newlyelecteddistrictrepresentativewhosemainplatformis
tomaketheNorthDistrictanEcozone.Thisdevelopment
p
providesawindowforprojectfundingfromtheCountryside
p j
g
y
DevelopmentFund(CDF),whichadistrictrepresentative
couldallocateaccordingtoherpriorities.
Supportive business sector through the Cebu Chamber of
Supportivebusinesssector,throughtheCebuChamberof
Commerce,Inc.(CCCI)anditsmemberorganizations,
especiallythecommercialestablishments,suchastheCebu
Holdings Inc which is supportive of local solid waste
HoldingsInc.,whichissupportiveoflocalsolidwaste
managementinitiativesandhasbeenassistingneighboring
barangays(includedintheclusterofseven),throughthe
Cebu Business Park and Neighbouring Barangays Altruistic
CebuBusinessParkandNeighbouringBarangaysAltruistic
Alliance(CBPNBAAI)formorethanfiveyears.

Waste Material Types

WasteMaterialTypes
Plastics:
l i

Oh
OtherWastes:

1.PET (orPETE)

8.Paper

P l th li T
PolyethelineTerephthalate
hth l t
2.HDPE HighDensity
Polyethylene
3.PVC PolyvinylChloride
y
4.LDPE LowDensity
Polyethylene
5.PP Polypropylene
6.PS Polystyrene
7.O Otherplastics(often
polycarbonate or ABS
polycarbonateorABS

9 W d
9.Wood
10.MixedWastes

Types of Plastics
TypesofPlastics

Types of Plastics
TypesofPlastics

Types of Plastics
TypesofPlastics

Types of Plastics
TypesofPlastics

Types of Plastics
TypesofPlastics

Types of Plastics
TypesofPlastics

Types of Plastics
TypesofPlastics

Types of Plastics
TypesofPlastics

Baseline Methodology
BaselineMethodology

Fifteenhouseholdswereselectedperbarangay.Outofthefifteen
households,underthehighincomebracket(P20,000.00andabove),
middleincomebracket(P10,000.0019,999.00)andlowincomebracket
(P999 00 d b l )
(P999.00andbelow).
Wastecollectedincludeallwastegeneratedwithina24hourcycle,given
thewastecollectionisconducteddailyinthebarangays.
Sampling,however,wasnotdoneinconsecutivedays,butscheduled
basedonavailabilityoflocalpointpersonandwastesorters.
Wastecharacterizationwasdoneforfourdaysforthehouseholdsand
onedayforothersectors.
d f
h
Onthelastdayofsampling(fourthdayforhouseholds),wasteplastics
werecleaned,ifneeded,anddriedthroughsun/airdrying,basedonthe
weather.
eather
Afterthewasteplastichasbeendried,theywereweighedagain.Further
classificationwasdonetoregistersoftandrigidplasticsafterdrying.

Household Waste Composition

kg/day/brgy): average per day: 17 tons
Barangay

Hipodromo

LoregaSan
Miguel

Mabolo

Apas

(in
Luz

Busay

Total

1 PET
1

11 45
11.45

40 51
40.51

65 79
65.79

101 11
101.11

2 48
2.48

26 15
26.15

247 49
247.49

2 HDPE

74.40

80.06

155.04

164.88

56.93

30.43

561.74

3 PVC

42.71

29.03

199.14

99.75

38.04

408.67

4 LDPE
4

190 39
190.39

191 65
191.65

277 53
277.53

71 38
71.38

22 28
22.28

2 22
2.22

755 45
755.45

5 PP

8.93

9.08

7.35

69.23

15.35

26.94

136.88

6 PS

12.84

23.90

11.55

62.10

14.60

4.75

129.74

7 OTHERS
7

105 94
105.94

137 65
137.65

169 39
169.39

311 20
311.20

98 52
98.52

83 36
83.36

906 06
906.06

AVE.GEN
PLASTICS

446.65

511.88

686.64

979.03

309.91

211.89

3,146.00

Paper

279.30

308.75

260.38

713.27

155.70

230.75

1948.15

Wood

144.05

34.17

9.80

14.28

5.94

84.31

292.55

Metal

65.88

46.36

107.79

254.57

2.97

106.18

583.75

Gl
Glass

58 06
58.06

109 21
109.21

237 98
237.98

417 31
417.31

24 75
24.75

160 07
160.07

1 007 38
1,007.38

2,237.45

1,238.11

1,987.82

2,161.24

927.25

869.76

9,421.63

134.00

149.24

109.89

136.80

27.23

7.13

564.29

3,365.38

2,397.71

3,400.30

4,676.49

1,453.75

1,670.11

16,963.74

Bio
Otherwastes

TOTALAVE.
WASTEGEN

WasteTypegeneratedineachofthesix
barangay

biodegradableswiththetotalamountgeneratedin
thesixbarangaysat9,421.63kilogramsperday.
secondiswasteplasticat3,146.00kilograms.
Paper comes third at 1,948.15 kilograms,
Papercomesthirdat1,948.15kilograms,
followedbyglassat1,007.38kilograms.
W d i th
Woodisthesmallestgeneratedwasteinthe
ll t
t d
t i th
householdsatanaverageof292.55kilogramsforthe
sixbarangaysperday.
i b
d

Type of Waste Plastics Generated

TypeofWastePlasticsGenerated

PlastictypeNo.7(Othertypesofplastic) isbeinggenerated
atmostquantitydailyat906.06kilograms.
S
SecondbiggestquantitygeneratedisNo.4LDPEat755.45
d bi
i
d i N 4 LDPE 755 45
kilogramsperday.
Third is HDPE at 561 74 kilograms
ThirdisHDPEat561.74kilograms.
No.3PVCcomesfourthintermsofquantitiesat408.67
kilograms
Fifth,correspondingtoNo.1PET,is247.49kilograms.
L t
Leastwasteplasticgeneratedinthesixbarangaysarethe
t l ti
t d i th i b
th
No.5PPat136.88andNo.6PSat129.74kilograms.

Summary of Pilot Area Baseline

SummaryofPilotAreaBaseline

TotalHouseholdWasteComposition(Averagein6
Barangays:57%biodegradables;18%plastics;12%
paper
TotalHHWasteComposition
(ave.ofthe6brgys)
Others
3%

1 PETE
1
1%

2 HDPE
3%
3 PVC
2%

Bio
57%

4 LDPE
4%

5 PP
1%
6 PS
1%

7 OTHER
5%
Paper
12%

Glass
6%

Metal
3%

Wood
2%

PercentagesofeachTypeofWasteoverTotalWaste
Generated,HouseholdWasteComposition(in
,
p
(
kg/day/brgy)
Barangay

Hipodromo

PLASTICS

Paper

Wood

Metal

Glass

Bio

LoregaSanMiguel

Mabolo

Apas

Luz

Busay

13.27%

21.35%

20.19%

20.94%

21.32%

12.69%

8.30%

12.88%

7.66%

15.25%

10.71%

13.82%

4.28%

1.43%

0.29%

0.31%

0.41%

5.05%

1 96%
1.96%

1 93%
1.93%

3 17%
3.17%

5 44%
5.44%

0 20%
0.20%

6 36%
6.36%

1.73%

4.55%

7.00%

8.92%

1.70%

9.58%

66.48%

51.64%

58.46%

46.21%

63.78%

52.08%

3.98%

6.22%

3.23%

2.93%

1.87%

0.43%

OtherWaste

Total

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

PlasticWasteComposition
(A
(AverageofSixBarangays)
f Si B
)

PETE 7%
HDPE 17%
PVC 13%
LDPE 25%
LDPE25%
PP 5%
PS 4%
Other 29%

InstitutionalWasteComposition
(datafrom15pointsourcesin
5barangays

dataonlyreflectsthesamplesduringtheWACS.Withthis
d
t
l
fl t th
l d i th WACS With thi
limitation,thedatashouldnotbeinterpretedas
representativeofthesectorsbutrather,onlyforthespecific
samplestakenfromthesesector.
l t k f
th
t
Institutional Waste Composition
Glass, 2%
Metal, 1%
Wood, 0%
Paper, 29%

Other
Wastes, 3
%
Bio, 26%

Plastics, 3
9%

CommercialWasteComposition
(datafrom16pointsources
in5barangays)

dataonlyreflectsthesamplesduringtheWACS.Withthis
d
t
l
fl t th
l d i th WACS With thi
limitation,thedatashouldnotbeinterpretedas
representativeofthesectorsbutrather,onlyforthespecific
samplestakenfromthesesector.
l t k f
th
t
Commercial Waste Composition
Other
Wastes
60%

Plastics
5% Paper
1%
Wood
0%
Bio
30%

Metal
eta
1%
Glass
3%

IndustrialWasteComposition
(data from Pacific Foundry, a metal
(datafromPacificFoundry,ametal
companyinBarangayHippodromo)

dataonlyreflectsthesamplesduringtheWACS.Withthislimitation,the
d
l
fl
h
l d
h
h h l
h
datashouldnotbeinterpretedasrepresentativeofthesectorsbut
rather,onlyforthespecificsamplestakenfromthesesector.
Industrial Waste Composition

Waste plastics come

from domestic waste
generated at the
companys
canteen/cafeteria

Other
Wastes
1%
Metal Glass
0%
4%
Wood
0%

Paper
23%

Bio
14%
Plastics
58%

AverageMoistureContentofWaste
Pl i f
PlasticfromHouseholdsperBarangay
H
h ld
B

Barangay

Hipodromo

Percentage

Lorega SM
LoregaSM

16.84%

10.03%

Mabolo

16.42%

Luz

20.18%

Apas

53.13%

Average

23.32%

SoftandRigidWastePlastics
in Metric Tons
inMetricTons

Barangay

Hipodromo

Rigid

LoregaSM

0.520

Mabolo

Luz

Apas

1.250

1.080

Total

0.050

2.850

0.320

Soft

2.685

2.740

1.790

3.160

0.990

7.215

Total

3.765

3.26

3.04

3.48

1.04

10.65

more soft plastics are being generated in the households

than rigid plastics. The values below are for the five
barangays where the washing (if needed) and drying,
were conducted.

Tenyear
Ten
yearWasteGenerationProjection
Waste Generation Projection
YEAR

WasteGeneration(MT/day)
Hipodromo

Lorega

Mabolo

Apas

Luz

Busay

Generation
(kg/day/person)

0.34

0.21

0.15

0.25

0.09

0.18

2010

3.55

2.53

3.58

4.93

1.53

1.76

2011

3.65

2.60

3.68

5.07

1.58

1.81

2012

3.75

2.67

3.79

5.21

1.62

1.86

2013

3 85
3.85

2 74
2.74

3 89
3.89

5 35
5.35

1 66
1.66

1 91
1.91

2014

3.96

2.82

4.00

5.50

1.71

1.97

2015

4.07

2.90

4.11

5.66

1.76

2.02

2016

4.18

2.98

4.23

5.81

1.81

2.08

2017

4.30

3.06

4.34

5.98

1.86

2.13

2018

4.42

3.15

4.47

6.14

1.91

2.19

2019

4.54

3.24

4.59

6.31

1.96

2.25

2020

4.67

3.33

4.72

6.49

2.02

2.32

World Banks Philippine Environment Monitor 2001 assumed that the urban
population would generate one percent (1%) increase in waste generation
per year.
The waste generation projection is based on the population projection

barangaywastecharacterization,
siximportantsetofdataaregenerated
i i
fd
d

TTotalAverageGenerationforHouseholdWaste
lA
G
i f H
h ld W
Composition(inkg/day/brgy)
P
Percentageofplasticsagainstthetotalwasteinthe
f l i
i
h
l
i h
barangays
P
Percentageoftheeachtypeofplasticsamong
f h
h
f l i
otherplastictypes
M i
Moisturecontentofwasteplastics
f
l i
Percentageofrigidandsoftwasteplastic
Projectionquantitiesforalltypesofwastefrom
2010to2020.

Percentagesofeachtypeover
T lW
TotalWasteGenerated
G
d
PERCENTAGE
EO
OFE
FEACHT
HTYPE
EO
OVERT
R TOTAL WASTE
GENERATED (Hipodromo)

PERCENTAGES
SO
OF EACH TYPE OVERT
R TOTAL WASTE
GENERATED(Mabolo)

Other
Wastes
4%

Other Wastes
6%

Other Wastes
3%

PLASTICS
21%

PLASTICS
20%

PLASTICS
13%
Paper
8%

Bio
67%

Wood
4%
Metal
2%

Paper
8%
Bio
59%

Glass
2%

PERCENTAGESOF EACH TYPE OVER TOTAL WASTE

GENERATED (Luz)

Wood
1%
Glass Metal
5% 2%

PERCENTAGESOF EACH TYPE OVERTOTAL WASTE

GENERATED (Busay)
Other Wastes
0%

Other Wastes
3%

PLASTICS
21%

PLASTICS
13%

PLASTICS
21%

Paper
11%
Wood
0%
Glass
2% Metal
0%

Bio
46%

Paper
15%
Glass
9%

Paper
13%

Bio
52%

Wood
0%
Metal
3%
%

Glass
7%

PERCENTAGESOF EACH TYPE OVERTOTAL WASTE

GENERATED (Apas)

Other Wastes
2%

Bio
64%

PERCENTAGES
SO
OF EACH TY
TYPE OVERTO
R TOTAL WASTE
GENERATED (Lorega SM)

Paper
14%

Bio
52%
Glass
10%

Wood
Metal 0%
6%

Wood
5%
Metal
6%

PercentageofPlasticTypesover
Total Plastics Generated
TotalPlasticsGenerated
%of
%
of PlasticTypesover
Plastic Types over Total Plastics Generated
(Hipodromo)
1 - PET
2%

6 - PS
3%
5 - PP
2%

7 - OTHERS
24%

3 - PVC
9%

7 - OTHERS
25%

6PS 5 - PP
2% 1%

4 - LDPE
43%

7 - OTHERS
%
27%

1 PET
10%

3 - PVC
0%

% Plastic Types over Total Plastics Generated

(Luz)

2 HDPE
17%

5 PP 4 LDPE
7%
7%

3 PVC
20%

6 PS
7%

% of Plastic Types over Total Plastics Generated

(B )
(Busay)

1 - PET
1%

2 - HDPE
15%
3 - PVC
6%

7 OTHERS
32%

2 - HDPE
22%

4 - LDPE
40%

1 - PET
8%

% ooffPlastic
%
PlasticTypes
TypesoverTotalPlasticsGenerated
over Total Plastics Generated
(Apas)

1 - PET
10%

2 - HDPE
17%

% of Plastic Types over Total Plastics Generated

(Lorega San Miguel)
(Lorega-San

6 - PS
5%
5 - PP
2%

%of
%
of Plastic Types over Total Plastics Generated
(Mabolo)

7 - OTHERS
32%

2 - HDPE
18%

77- OTHERS
39%

1 - PET
12%

3 - PVC
32%

4 - LDPE
37%
6 - PS
5 - PP 5% 4 - LDPE
5%
7%

5 - PP
13%
6 - PS
2%

2 - HDPE
15%
3 - PVC
18%

4 - LDPE
1%

ExistingMaterialsRecoveryFacilities
i C b
inCebuasof4
f 4th Qtr2009
Q 2009

only10%ofthetotalrequirementforMRFs,asthereare80
barangaysbutonlyeightMRFsoperational.
AyalaCenterCebuCity
BrgyCalambaCebuCity
BrgyHipodromoCebuCity
B Hi d
C b Cit
BrgyInayawanCebuCity
BrgyLabangonCebuCity
Brgy Labangon Cebu City
BrgyLuzCebuCity
ReclamationAreaNurseryCebuCity
Reclamation AreaNursery Cebu City
StoNinoVillageCebuCity
Within the pilot area only Brgy Luz has an operating MRF
Withinthepilotarea,onlyBrgy.LuzhasanoperatingMRF.
Hipodromo,althoughlistedwithone,doesnothavean
operationalMRF.

LGUs in SWM
LGUsinSWM

Deputized
p
Tanod

AssessmentofCurrent
M
ManagementSystems:Institutions
S
I i i

majorinstitutionsatthecitylevel,playingkeyrolesinsolid
j i tit ti
t th it l l l i k
l i
lid
wastemanagement.
CSWMB CitySolidWasteManagementBoard
y
g
DPS managestheactualcleaningthecityofgarbage.One
ofitsdivisions,theGarbageCollectionandTransport
Operation Division collects and disposes the wastes The
OperationDivision,collectsanddisposesthewastes.The
LandfillManagementisalsodirectlyundertheDPS.
CESET enforcementatthecityandbarangaylevels
NGOsandtheprivatesectorplayanimportantpartinSWM

e.g.Brgy.Luzwouldnothavebeenabletosucceed
i th i P
intheirPerasaBasura
B
P
Programwithoutthesupport
ith t th
t
oftheCebuHoldingsInc.andtheCBPNBAAI,an
NGO that was consequently formed out of the
NGOthatwasconsequentlyformedoutofthe
partnershipwiththebarangay.

Local Policy
LocalPolicy
CebuCityOrdinanceNo.2031. AnOrdinanceforthe
ImplementationofSolidWasteSegregationatSource,
ProvidingPenaltiesThereofandtheCreationofa
idi
li
h
f d h C
i
f
SpecialFundforincentives.

CityOrdinanceNo.2234 thatcreatedtheCebuCity
EnvironmentandNaturalResourcesOffice(CCENRO)

Financing

ThreemajorsourcesforfundingSWMoperationsand
Th
j
f f di SWM
i
d
projects :
budgetpreparedbytheBarangayCouncil,fromthe
budget prepared by the Barangay Council from the

IRAandthelocalincome
grantsanddonationsfromcorporateandother
grants and donations from corporate and other
fundinginstitutions
specialfundsdistributedbythecity,suchasthe
p
y
y
P80,000.00giventoeightbarangayswherethecity
willpilotbarangaylevelcomposting.Specialfunds
co ld also come from the pro incial and national
couldalsocomefromtheprovincialandnational
government.

Financing
Barangaysdecideonhowmuchtheyaregoingto
B
d id
h
h h
i

spendonSWM.
However,thislocalgovernmentfunctionwas
H
hi l l
f
i
neverprioritizedandthusfundingisalways
never enough
neverenough
localofficialsseeksupportfromtheprivate
sector.
sector
Thebarangaysalsoearnfromfinesthatthe
CESET raise as it issues tickets to those caught
CESETraiseasitissuesticketstothosecaught
disobeyingthelocalSWMordinances.

Technology

targetinginstallationofMRFsinatleast56outof80
barangaysinCebuCity
pilotingeighturbanbarangayswiththecollectionof
thebiodegradablesthroughfivebarangay
environmentalofficers(BEOs).

Recommendations

InstallasystemofsupporttohelpLGUscomply
Enforcemandatorysolidwastediversion(Sec.20).
Rationalutilizationofvariouseconomictools:
annualSWMappropriations
annual SWM appropriations
fees,fines,subsidiesfrompublicinstitutions
Grants
Politicalwilltoenforceexistingpolicy
Educationcoupledwithconstancy,andaclearcut
system.
y
Makecomplianceattractive

Recommendations

Complementingandconvergentfunctions
CreativeapproachestoSWMproblems
Strictmonitoringofserviceproviders
Matching services to actual needs
Matchingservicestoactualneeds
Promoteanduseofappropriateandsustainable
t h l i
technologies
Focusonlowcost,lowtechnologiesupstreamand
complementwithendofpipesupport
Humanizesolidwastemanagementtoprotect
wastepickers.

Recommendations

RehabilitateCebulandfill
Giventhissetup,asystematicoverhaulisneededto
definetherolesofeachstakeholderinSWMchain
andshiftthefocusofattentionfrommeredisposalto
recoveryandrecycling.
Specificy roles of each sector, and as needed,
Specificyrolesofeachsector,andasneeded,
interfaceandoverlapsdefined.

OpportunitiesforWastePlastic
Management

Allplasticsarerecyclable.Plasticisaresource,not
waste

Maximizeexistingpolicies,technologies,financing
Maximize
existing policies, technologies, financing
mechanismsandstakeholderstowasteplasticinto
as a material or energy resource
asamaterialorenergyresource

Let us work together

g
towards the
development
d l
t off a
recycling-oriented
recycling
oriented
society.
Thank you.

EnvironmentalManagementOffice
Environmental
Management Office
CenterforSustainableHumanDevelopment
DevelopmentAcademyofthePhilippines
SanMiguelAvenue,OrtigasCenter,PasigCity
Telefax(632)6312169|6310921loc.148
cshddap@yahoo com | p2f cebu@gmail com
cshddap@yahoo.com|p2f.cebu@gmail.com