Appendix B

Standard state thermodynamic

properties of selected minerals
and other compounds

Part 1. Inorganic substances

Data from Wagman et al. (1982); with a few additions from other sources Al
species from Drever (1988); silica species and all volume data from supcrt92
(Johnson et al., 1992).

Formulas

Form

Aluminum
Al
Al3+
AlOH2+
AlOH+
2
AlOH3 aq
AlOH
4
Al2 O3
Al2 O3 H2 O
Al2 O3 H2 O
Al2 O3 3H2 O
Al2 O3 3H2 O
AlOH3
Al2 SiO5
Al2 SiO5
Al2 SiO5
Al2 Si2 O7 2H2 O
Al2 Si2 O7 2H2 O
Al2 Si2 O7 2H2 O
Al6 Si2 O13
Al2 Si4 O10 OH2

s
aq
aq
aq
aq
aq

, corundum
boehmite
diaspore
gibbsite
bayerite
amorphous
andalusite
kyanite
sillimanite
kaolinite
halloysite
dickite
mullite
pyrophyllite

576

Mol. wt.
g mol1

f H 

269815
269815

0
5310
7670
10107
12504
14900
16757
19807
199891
258667
25765
12760
259027
259429
258776
41196
41012
41183
68162
564204

950111
1019612
1199766
1199766
1560074
1560074
780037
1620460
1620460
1620460
2581616
2581616
2581616
4260532
3603158

f G
kJ mol1

0
4850
6937
9014
11007
13070
15823
18317
184178
231021

244266
244388
244099
37997
37805
37959
64327
526814

S
CP
J mol1 K1

2833
3217

1029
5092
9686
7067
13690

9322
8381
9611
2050
2033
1971
2550
23941

2435

7904
13125
10619
18347

12272
12171
12452
24614
24627
23949
32610
29434

V
cm3 mol1

453

4560
25575
3907
3552
63912

5153
4409
4990
9952
9930
9930

1266

Standard state properties

577

Table (cont.)
f H 
f G
1
kJ mol

S

CP

Formulas

Form

Mol. wt.
g mol1

Barium
Ba
Ba2+
BaO
BaO2
BaF2
BaS
BaSO4
BaCO3
BaSiO3

s
aq
s
s
s
s
barite
witherite
s

1373400
1373400
1533394
1693388
1753368
1694040
2334016
1973494
2134242

0
53764
5535
6343
12071
4600
14732
12163
162360

0
56077
5251

11568
4560
13622
11376
154021

628
96
7042

9636
782
1322
1121
1096

2807

4778
669
7121
4937
10175
8535
9000

Calcium
Ca
Ca2+
CaO
CaOH2
CaF2
CaS
CaSO4
CaSO4 2H2 O
Ca3 PO4 2
Ca3 PO4 2
CaCO3
CaCO3
CaSiO3
CaSiO3
CaAl2 SiO6
CaAl2 Si2 O8
CaTiO3
CaTiSiO5
CaMgCO3 2
CaMgSi2 O6

s
aq
s
portlandite
fluorite
s
anhydrite
gypsum
,whitlockite

calcite
aragonite
wollastonite
pseudowollastonite
Ca-Al pyroxene
anorthite
perovskite
sphene
dolomite
diopside

400800
400800
560794
740948
780768
721440
1361416
1721724
3101828
3101828
1000894
1000894
1161642
1161642
2181254
2782102
1359782
1960630
1844108
2165604

0
54283
63509
98609
12196
4824
143411
202263
41208
41099
120692
120713
163494
16284
32982
42279
16606
26033
23263
32062

0
55358
60403
89849
11673
4774
132179
179728
38847
38755
112879
112775
154966
15447
31220
40023
15752
24618
21634
30320

4142
531
3975
8339
6887
565
1067
1941
2360
24091
929
887
8192
8736
1414
19928
9364
12920
15518
14293

2531

4280
8749
6703
4740
9966
18602
22782
23158
8188
8125
8527
8648
1657
21142
9765
13895
15753
16652

Carbon
C
C
CO2
3
HCO
3
CO

graphite
diamond
aq
aq
g

120112
120112
600094
610174
280106

0
1895
677149
69199
110525

0
2900
52781
58677
137168

J mol

5740
2377
569
912
197674

8527
6113

29142

V
cm mol1
3

129

5210
4581

184

24542
4594

36934
34150
3993

10079

64365
66090

5298
3417
61
242
244656

578

Appendix B

Table (cont.)
Mol. wt.
g mol1

f H 

f G
kJ mol

S

CP
J mol

V
cm mol1
3

Formulas

Form

CO2
CO2
H2 CO3
CH4
C2 H6
CN
CN
HCN
HCN

g
aq
aq
g
g
g
aq
g
aq

440100
440100
620254
160432
300704
260179
260179
270259
270259

393509
41380
69965
7481
8468
4376
1506
1351
1071

394359
38598
62308
5072
3282
4075
1724
1247
1197

21374
1176
1874
186264
22960
2026
941
20178
1247

3711

35309
5263
2916

3586

244656
328

Chlorine
Cl2
Cl
HCl
HCl

g
aq
aq
g

709060
354530
364610
364610

0
167159
167159
92307

0
131228
131228
95299

233066
565
565
186908

33907
1364
1364
2912

244656
173
173
244656

Copper
Cu
Cu+
Cu2+
CuO
Cu2 O
CuSO4 3H2 O
CuSO4 5H2 O
CuS
Cu2 S

s
aq
aq
tenorite
cuprite
bonattite
calcanthite
covellite
chalcocite

Fluorine
F2
HF
HF
F
Hydrogen
H2
H+
OH
H2 O
H2 O

635400
635400
635400
795394
1430794
2136478
2496786
966040
1591440

0
7167
6477
1573
1686
168431
227965
531
795

0
4998
6549
1297
1460
139936
1879745
536
862

3315
406
996
4263
9314
2213
3004
665
1209

g
g
aq
aq

379968
200064
200064
189984

0
2711
32008
33263

0
2732
29682
27879

20278
173779
887
138

3130
29133

1067

g
aq
aq
l
g

20160
10080
170074
180154
180154

0
0
229994
285830
241818

0
0
157244
237129
228572

130684
0
1075
6991
188825

28824
0
1485
75291
33577

244656
244656

24435

4230
6364
2050
2800
4782
7632

244656
0
18068
244656

Standard state properties

579

Table (cont.)
f H 

f G

S
CP
1 1
J mol K

Formulas

Form

Mol. wt.
g mol1

Iodine
I2
I
HI
IO
3
IO
4

s
aq
aq
aq
aq

2538088
1269044
1279124
1749026
1909020

0
5519
5519
2213
1555

0
5157
5157
1280
585

Iron
Fe
Fe2+
Fe3+
Fe0947 O
Fe2 O3
Fe3 O4
FeO(OH)
FeOH2
FeOH3
FeS
FeS2
FeCO3
Fe2 SiO4

s
aq
aq
wstite
hematite
magnetite
goethite
s
s
troilite
pyrite
siderite
fayalite

558470
558470
558470
688865
1596922
2315386
888538
898618
1068692
879110
1199750
1158564
2037776

0
891
485
26627
8242
11184
5590
5690
8230
1000
1782
74057
14799

0
7890
-4.7
24512
7422
10154
48702
4865
6965
1004
1669
66667
13790

2728
1377
3159
5749
8740
1464
6025
880
1067
6029
5293
929
1452

2510

4812
10385
14343

5054
6217
8213
13288

Lead
Pb
Pb2+
PbO
PbO
PbF2
PbCl2
PbS
PbSO4
PbCO3
PbSiO3

s
aq
yellow
red
s
s
galena
anglesite
cerussite
s

2071900
2071900
2231894
2231894
2451868
2780960
2392540
3032516
2671994
2832742

0
17
21732
21899
6640
35941
10042
91994
6991
114570

0
2443
18789
18893
6171
31410
987
81314
6255
106210

6481
105
6870
665
1105
1360
912
14857
1310
1096

2644

4577
4581

4950
103207
8740
9004

Magnesium
Mg
Mg2+
MgO
MgOH2
MgF2

s
aq
periclase
brucite
sellaite

243120
243120
403114
583268
623088

0
46685
60170
92454
11234

0
4548
56943
83351
10702

3268
1381
2694
6318
5724

kJ mol

116135
1113
1113
1184
2220

54438
1423

2489

3715
7703
6159

V
cm3 mol1

580

Appendix B

Table (cont.)
Mol. wt.
g mol1

f H 
f G
1
kJ mol

S
CP
1 1
J mol K

Formulas

Form

MgS
MgCO3
MgCO3 3H2 O
MgSiO3
Mg2 SiO4

s
magnesite
nesquehonite
enstatite
forsterite

563760
843214
1383676
1003962
1407076

3460
10958

154900
21740

3418
10121
17261
146209
20551

5033
657

6774
9514

4556
7552

8138
11849

Manganese
Mn
Mn2+
MnO
4
MnO2
4
MnO
Mn3 O4
Mn2 O3
MnO2
MnOH2
MnS
MnCO3
MnSiO3
Mn2 SiO4

s
aq
aq
aq
manganosite
hausmannite
s
pyrolusite
amorphous
alabandite
rhodochrosite
rhodonite
tephroite

549380
549380
1189356
1189356
709374
2288116
1578742
869368
889528
870020
1149474
1310222
2019596

0
22075
5414
6530
38522
13878
9590
52003
6954
2142
8941
13209
17305

0
2281
4472
5007
36290
12832
8811
46514
6150
2184
8167
12405
16321

3201
736
191.2
59.0
59.71
155.6
110.5
53.05
99.2
78.2
85.8
89.1
163.2

2632
500
820

4544
13966
10765
5414

4996
8150
8644
12987

Mercury
Hg
Hg
Hg2+
Hg2+
2
HgS2
2
HgCl42
Hg2 Cl2
HgO
HgO
HgS
HgS

l
g
aq
aq
aq
aq
s
s, red
s, yellow
cinnabar
metacinnabar

2005900
2005900
2005900
4011800
2647180
3424020
4720860
2165894
2165894
2326540
2326540

0
61317
1711
1724

5540
26522
9083
9046
582
536

0
31820
1644
15352
419
4468
210745
58539
58409
506
477

Molybdenum
Mo
MoO3
MoS2

s
s
molybdenite

959400
1279388
1600680

0
74509
2351

0
66797
2259

7602
17496
322
845

2930
1925
7029
711
824
883

2866
7774
6259

27983
20786

4406

4841

2406
7498
6355

V
cm3 mol1

28018

Standard state properties

581

Table (cont.)

Formulas

Form

Nickel
Ni
Ni2+
NiO
NiS

s
aq
bunsenite
s

Nitrogen
N2
NO
NO2
N2 O
N2 O4
N2 O4
N2 O5
N2 O5
NH3
NO
3
NH4+
NH4 OH

Mol. wt.
g mol1

f H 

f G 
kJ mol1

S

CP
J mol1 K 1

587100
587100
747094
907740

0
540
2397
820

0
456
2117
795

2987
1289
3799
5297

g
g
g
g
l
g
s
g
g
aq
aq
aq

280134
300061
460055
440128
920110
920110
1080104
1080104
170307
620049
180837
350461

0
9025
3318
8205
1950
916
431
113
4611
2050
13251
36612

0
8655
5131
1042
9754
9789
1139
1151
1645
10874
7931
26363

19161
210761
24006
21985
2092
30429
1782
3557
19245
14645
1134
18121

29125
29844
3720
3845
1427
7728
1431
845
3506
866
799

Oxygen
O2
O2
OH
H2 O
H2 O

g
aq
aq
l
g

319988
319988
170074
180154
180154

0
117
229994
285830
241818

0
164
157244
237129
228572

205138
1109
1075
6991
188825

29355

1485
75291
33577

Potassium
K
K+
KCl
KAlSi3 O8
KAlSi3 O8
KAlSiO4
KAlSi2 O6
KAl3 Si3 O10 OH2

s
aq
sylvite
sanidine
microcline
kaliophilite
leucite
muscovite

391020
391020
745550
2783367
2783367
1581671
2182519
3983133

0
25238
436747
39597
39681
21213
30342
59844

0
28327
40914
37399
37429
20053
28714
56084

6418
1025
8259
23288
21422
1331
20008
3063

2958
218
5130
20451
20238
11979
16414

Silicon
Si
SiO2

-quartz

280860
600848

0
91094

0
85664

1883
4184

2000
4443

V
cm3 mol1

2607

4431
4711

18068
244656

90

108741

14087

22688

582

Appendix B

Table (cont.)
SiO2
SiO2
SiO2
SiO2
SiO2
H4 SiO4
HSiO
3

-cristobalite

-tridymite
coesite
amorphous
aq
aq
aq

Silver
Ag
Ag+
Ag2 O
AgCl
Ag2 S
Ag2 S

s
aq
s
cerargyrite
acanthite
argentite

1078700
1078700
2317394
1433230
2478040
2478040

0
105579
3105
127068
3259
2941

0
77107
1120
109789
4067
3946

4255
7268
1213
962
14401
1506

Sodium
Na
Na+
NaCl
Na2 SiO3
NaAlSiO4
NaAlSi3 O8
NaAlSi2 O6

s
aq
halite
s
nepheline
low albite
jadeite

229898
229898
584428
1220638
1420549
2622245
2021397

0
24012
411153
155490
20928
39351
30309

0
261905
384138
146280
19781
37115
28521

5121
590
7213
11385
1243
20740
1335

2824
464
5050

20510

Sulfur
S
S2
HS
SO2
4
HSO
4
S2
H2 S
H2 S
SO2
SO3

orthorhombic
aq
aq
aq
aq
g
g
aq
g
g

320640
320640
330720
960616
970696
641280
340800
340800
640628
800622

0
331
176
90927
88734
12837
2063
397
296830
39572

0
858
1208
74453
75591
7930
3356
2783
300194
37106

3180
146
628
201
1318
22818
20579
1210
24822
25676

2264

2930
840
3247
3423

3987
5067

Titanium
Ti
TiO
TiO2
TiO2
TiO2

s
s
anatase
brookite
rutile

479000
638994
798988
798988
798988

0
5197
9397
9418
9447

0
4950
8845

8895

3063
500
4992

5033

2502
3996
5548

5502

600848
600848
600848
600848
600848

-90948
-90906
-90631
-90349
-877699
-1449359
-1125583

-85543
-85526
-85162
-85070
-833411
-1307669
-1013783

4268
435
40376
469
75312
215132
4184

4418
4460
4351
444
31840
46898
-13724

25740
20641
161
95

25351
218
6586
5079
7653

12
27015
5416
10007
6040

Standard state properties

583

Table (cont.)
Uranium
U
UO2
UO3
U3+
U4+
UO2+
2

s
uraninite
orthorhombic
aq
aq
aq

2380290
2700278
2860272
2380290
2380290
2700278

0
10849
12238
4891
5912
10196

0
10317
11459
4754
5310
9535

5021
7703
9611
1920
4100
975

Zinc
Zn
Zn2+
ZnO
ZnS
ZnS
ZnCO3
Zn2 SiO4

s
aq
zincite
wurtzite
sphalerite
smithsonite
willemite

653700
653700
813694
974340
974340
1253794
2228236

0
15589
34828
19263
20598
81278
163674

0
14706
31830

20129
73152
152316

4163
1121
4364

577
824
1314

27665
6360
8167

2540
460
4025

460
7971
12334