Hemoleucogram in lead exposure

Low RBC 4,5x10*9 Anemia

High Reticulocytes 5-15% (0,5-1,5)
Low Hb: F= 12-15 g/dl , M=14-17 g/dl
N WBC 4000-8000 (not affected)
High Basophil Granulation erythrocytes <500/10x9;
Biotixicology

-Serum lead (N<40),

-Urine lead (N<80)
-Coproporphyrin III (N<150)
-Delta amino levulinic acid (N<6)

Work Places Pottery glaze, some paints, storage x ray, batteries, some solders, toys, gasoline

Lead monoxide used in making flint glass, drier, oils and varnishes, insecticides
Symptoms aggressive anemia, weakness, constipation, ?, paralysis of wrists and ankles, headache
-in children can low intelligence, delay motor development, impair memory, hearing prob, trouble
balancing
-in adults high BP, visual abnormality, loss of appetite, poor sleeping,
HIGH acute encephalography, vomiting, staggering goit, motor weakness, seizure, coma

Treatement

-removal from lead source

-chelation therapy administer EDTA

Lead is removed by displacing the calcium in EDTA and forming a stable complex that is extracted in
urine
Acute Gastric lavage, polyethylene glycol lavage solution

Hemoleucogram in Benzene
RBC- Anemia
WBC low Neutrophils :
-segmented 55-65%
-non segmented 4-6%
-Lymphocytes 25-35%
High eosinophils 2-4%
Basophils <1%
High monocytes -8%

Platelets 1,5-4x 10x5 Thrombocytopenia Low

Eucopenia Neuropeia, Eosinophilia, monocytosis
Biotoxicology: S phenyl mexcaptosic acid in urine
Toxic effect affect the nucleus (-dna synthesis), low vit C and B, bone marrow toxicity

Symptoms weakness, staggering, headache, tight chest, rapid shallow breathing, blurred vision, pallor,
nausea/vomiting, irregular heartbeat, dizziness, tremor and convulsions
Treatment cease contact with toxic emergency !!!
For inhalation O2, breathing tube, ICU
For swallowed poison gastric lavage, activated charcoal, endoscopy, IV fluids
For skin exposure Irrigation washing of skin, skin debriment- removal of burned skin
For allergic exposure - prednisone

FEV1 < 80% pred N

FVC < 80% pred N
FEV1/FVC < 0,7

Obstructive: FEV1,FVC, FEV1/FVC ; TLC N, RV N/ (bronchodilator test- COPD, Asthma, Emphysema)

Restrictive: FEV1,FVC, FEV1/FVC N/ ; TLC , RV (fibrotic lung disease, pneumohorax)

Severity:
Mild-FEV1=50-80%
Mod-FEV1=30-49%
Mod-FEV1<30%
Asthma risk Bakers, Detergent, farmer, lab worker, metal worker, miners, plastic, wood worker
Symptoms Only at work, Coughing, shortening of breath, wheezing
COPD risk Agriculture, Brick making, Ca++, Mining, Petroleum, Pottery, Rubber, plastic, textile, welder

NV:
TLC m-5,8 f-4,2
VC m-4,6 f-3,1