SC K KH C BN

Copyright 2008 by LTD

I.

L thuyt chung v sc k ct
Sample Injection
n

Injector

AB
AB

Column

B
B
A
Detector

A
Peak A

Time

B
Peak B

Sc k :
Chromatogram

1.
n

Cc thng s c bn
Thi gian lu:
Retention Time (tr)
Th tch lu: Retetion
Volume (Vr)
B rng peak:
Baseline Width (W)
Thi gian lu cht:
Void Time (tm)
Th tch cht: Void
Volumn (Vm)

a.

phn gii Resolution(R)

V d: vi R = 0.5 th phn din tch b

che ph l 0.13%

Cc k thut nng cao phn gii:

a)
b)
c)

phn gii ban u

Nng cao phn gii da vo hiu nng ct
Nng cao phn gii da vo chn lc ct

b.

H s dung lng Capacity factor (k)

k o c kh nng lu gi ca pha tnh i

vi cht ha tan.

tr = tr - tm: thi gian lu hiu chnh

c.

chn lc ct Column Selectivity

H s chn lc Selectivity factor (): l t s ca cc h

s dung lng ca hai cht ha tan

d.
n

Hiu nng ct Column Efficiency

a l thuyt Theoretical plate

N: s a l thuyt
L: chiu di ct
H: chiu cao a l thuyt

2.

Ti u ha phn gii

a.

S dng k ti u ha phn gii

b.

S dng chn lc ti u ha
phn gii

c.

S dng hiu nng ct ti u ha

phn gii

 Cc h s thc nghim tc ng n s
bnh rng mi sc k.
a hng-Mutiple Paths
Khuych tn dc-Longitudinal Diffusion
S truyn khi-Mass Transfer

Phng trnh Van Deemter

III. Sc k kh

S khi ca mt my sc k kh in hnh

1.
n

Pha ng

Vic la chn loi kh mang

ph thuc vo u d thit b.
Tc pha ng:
Ct nhi: 25-150 mL/min
Ct mao qun: 1-25 mL/min

2.
n

Ct sc k
Ct nhi: 2-6 m chiu di x 2-4 mm ng knh trong x 37-44 m
hoc 250-354 m

a.
n

Sc k lng kh Gas-Liquid
Chromatography (GLC)
Ct mao qun
WCOT Wall-coated open
tubular columns
SCOT Support-coated open
tubular columns
PLOT Porous-layer open
tubular columns

WCOT

SCOT

PLOT

b.

La chn pha tnh cho GLC

3.

On-column
Injector

B phn tim mu

Split/Splitless
Injector

PTV Injector

Packed and
wide-bore
columns

Cc k thut tim thng dng

Carrier gas

Splitless

Split

Septum Purge

Split

column

Direct vaporizing for

wide bore capillary column

Direct vaporizing for

packed column

4.
n

u d
Flame Ionization Detector (FID): s dng cho cc hp cht hu
c

Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD): s dng cho cc kh v c v

cc hp cht hu c nng cao

Electron Capture Detector (ECD): s dng cho cc hp cht i lc in

t

Flame Photometric Detector (FPD): s dng cho cc hp cht hu c

sulphur v phosphorus

Flame Themionic Detector (FTD): s dng cho cc hp cht hu c

nitrogen v phosphorus

5.
n

ng dng nh lng

Mi trng:
Phn tch
cc cht
nhim hu
c trong
khng kh,
nc, nc
thi.
Phn tch
cc hp cht
hu c d
bay hi.

Y t: phn tch thuc

Cc sn phm tiu
dng: phn tch mi,
gia v, hng liu.

Cng nghip du m: phn tch cc sn phm du m, bao gm xng

du, nht.

6.
n

ng dng nh tnh
Khi s dng GC vi u d MS hoc FT-IR, thng tin ph c dng
nh danh cc cht.
Khi s dng cc u d thng thng, phi s dng cc phng php
khc:
Thm vo mu mt lng cht phn tch kh nghi v theo di s tng ca
chiu cao peak.
So snh thi gian lu ca mu chun v mu th trong cng mt iu kin
phn tch.

7.
n

nh gi
Thang hot ng:
FID v TCD c th dng cho mt lng ln mu phn tch.
Cc u d khc nh ECD, MS yu cu mt lng nh cht phn tch
(~ pg)

n
n
n
n
n

ng: khong 1-5%.

chnh xc: khong 1-5%.
nhy: TCD<FID<FPD<FTP<ECD.
chnh lc: rt tt.
Thi gian phn tch, gi thnh, thit b:
Vi pht cho vi cu t v hn mt gi cho cc mu phc tp.
Gi thit b: vi nghn USD USD 50 000.
Thit b cng phc tp (nhiu ch tim mu, nhiu loi u d) th cng
mc tin.

Thank you!