ADVANCED AND EVER ADVANCING

Digital Automatic
Voltage Regulator
(D-AVR)

As the automatic voltage regulator (AVR), which regulates generator voltage, is a device indispensable for operation, it is required to have superior reliability in
addition to easy maintenance or repair features. And, recently there exists an ever-increasing demand for improved system stability through the excitation control
(AVR) in order to prevent decline in system stability in line with the increase in power system and power re-routing. At the same time, digital devices as represented by
micro-processors, have been making a remarkable progress. Under such background, MITSUBISHI developed the digital-type automatic voltage regulator (D-AVR) in
1990 aiming at achieving high function, high reliability, easy-operation, and easy maintainability plus improved space factor; we have so far manufactured over 60
units, which are currently being operated smoothly. In 1997 MITSUBISHI successfully introduced a second-generation D-AVR featuring control with further superior
function and performance together with improved easy-operation and maintainability.

Characteristics

Comparing with the existing analog-type AVR, the D-AVR presents the following characteristics:

Specifications

No.
1

High-function and high-performance control.

Improved reliability.

High-speed computation by using the 32-bit high-speed

microprocessor in the main CPU.
Superior control precision and stability by using the digital converter.
Equipped with self-designing function of control function constants.
Equipped with automatic voltage start-up function.
Various additional functions, including system stabilizing functions
such as
-type PSS and f-type PSS.

Reduced number of parts and wiring volume due to the use of

function software.
By using the fully-duplex main control part, automatically changes
over to the stand-by system through the self-diagnosis function.
For the fully duplex system, AVR operation can be continued even
in the event of multiple failure.

5
6

Improved easy-operation and maintainability.

Prevents human errors with simplified operation switches.
Allows quick detection of faulty positions with the self-diagnosis
function and the hierarchical alarm system.
Equipped with the fault record function for factors such as
generator voltage and current.
Equipped with the graphic display panel (touch panel method),
which allows the operation status display, control mode display,
individual alarm display, control mode change-over operation, and
control constant setting change.
Displays fault & I/O status with the LED display on Printed board.
Realizes a system allowing inserting & withdrawing
Printed
board during operation.
Implemented with a varied range of functions,including the online
monitor by the maintenance tool.

To be installed in air-conditioned room.

Humidity

30%~90%RH

Altitude

less than 1000m

Withstand voltage

Commercial frequency,2000V AC,1min.

Impulse withstand voltage

In compliance with JEC210,IEEE472

Performance

Auto.voltage setting

At generator no-load:10~110% of rated voltage.

range(90R)

At generator load:95~105% of rated voltage.

Manual voltage setting

10% of rated voltage at generator no-load to 120%

range(70E)

of field voltage at generator rated load

Voltage offset error

1% or less

Improved space factor.

Remarks

10C~40C

Withstand
voltage

3
4

Specifications
Ambient temperature

Item
Ambient
conditions

Mitsubishi Digital Automatic Voltage Regulator

(D-AVR)

Power source input side, PT/CT circuit

Voltage detection accuracy 0.5% or less

High-density functions realized.

The existing 5-panel composition is now possible with the 2-panel
lay-out (standard brushless dual type)

9
10

Control
function

CPU sampling time

5msec

Standard control function

Voltage constant control

Field constant control

Improved overall economy.

Minimum excitation limit control(MEL)

Over-excitation limit control(OEL)

AQR function, which had to be put in a separate board, may be

incorporated together.
Labor saving for periodic inspection.

Additional function(option)

11

Cross current compensation(CCC)

Line (reactance) voltage drop compensation(LDC)
V/F limit control(VFL)
Power system stabilizer(PSS)

P type

type
f type

Reactive power regulation(AQR)

Power factor regulation(APFR)
Stator current limitation(SCL)
Special thyristor gate control
Simultaneous ignition control
Gate block control

Functions for hydraulic machines

Gate shift control

Graphic display panel,
menu screen

D-AVR
system configuration

Electric brake constant field control

Pumping start constant field control

DC

AC

Trail transmission & trial charge control

(in case of a brushless excitation,

fully-duplex system)

12

Power source

CPU

Power source

Synchronous transformer

Operation status monitoring

Monitor &
operation
function
(touch panel type
graphic display panel)

Display with meter-image and digital values

also possible display of excitation system block diagram.
Display items: generator voltage, generator current, active
power, reactive power, generator frequency, field voltage, field
current, AVR output, voltage setter (90R) position, and

DIO

manual voltage setting(70E)

PT
AI

AO

CT

Duplex system status display

13

Pulse amplification

Pulse generation

AUX.
PT

Analog input : normal use system-stand-by system

Digital I/O : normal use system-stand-by system
Pulse generation : normal use system-stand-by system

AUX.
CT

Graphic display panel,

operation status monitor screen
(excitation system block diagram display)

CPU

14

Alarm display

Individual alarm display

With history control screen

15

Control constant change

Possible to change control constants like MEL, OEL, and PSS.

With password for failsafe

16

Control mode change-over

Control mode change-over, ex. PSS use exclusion

With password for failsafe

Basic hardware and software

Clock loss, Parity error, WDT, Time-out error, Irregular write access, etc.

Analog input

Zero-phase detection, Unbalance detection, Upper/lower limit detection

Pulse generation

Synchronous signal loss, Loss of pulse

17
18

Self-diagnosis
function

19
20

Fault record function(option)

21

Maintenancetool(option)

Program change, online monitor, parameter change, etc.

22

System configuration menu

Single system (Power source duplex, CPU-PIO signal)

Converter

PMG
Shunt
EXC

Signals at 16 points memorized for 240 sec. max. Graphic

display on separate PC

Field circuit breaker

CPU : A system-B system

CPU duplex system (Power source CPU duplex, PIO single)

Full-duplex system (Power source CPU PIO duplex)

Thyristor amplifier
23
24
25

Hardware
specifications

CPU

32-bit Pentium processor 133 MHz

Memory

Flash memory ( re-writable ROM, no battery needed)

Software language

POL(problem oriented language)

Mitsubishi Digital Automatic Voltage Regulator

(D-AVR)

MITSUBISHI's D-AVR advantages

CPU card

By using of the 32-bit Pentium processor, the processing

of the AVR control loop (5 msec) and the logic control loop
(50 msec) is realized with the one CPU card. For this
reason, a D-AVR system featuring superior reliability and
maintainability, though compact in size, is offered.
By taking into account the fact that the AVR is a device
indispensable for continuous operation of generator, we
built the following system configuration under the
"Reliability First" concept.
To set "BUS" (mother board) with lowest fault rate to the
common part, which determines the reliability for the
multiplex system.
Instead of making a whole duplex system to integrally
change-over, but by making duplex system each part
(CPU,PIO, and power source), the system operation
may be continued even in the event of multiple failure.
Moreover,the pulse generator, which is the AVR output
part, is provided with intelligence, so as to allow
continuous operation by manual back-up function even
in the event when two CPUs break down.
The anlog input card provided with digital transducer
function uses the DSP for detecting the generator voltage,
active power, reactive power, etc.,which is required for the
AVR control.For this reason,a compact detector,that is
capable of stable and high precision(0.5% or less)detection
even of signals containing harmonics by using a digital
filter, is realized.
High functions are realized at high density as explained
above, thus the number of panels are reduced, contributing
to space saving.

Effects to the system when double failure at the same time

Normal power
Pulse
AI
DIO
source CPU
output
stand-by

Input
signal

power source
CPU
AI
DIO
Pulse output
Input signal
: AVR automatic operation continues
: Manual operation
: Operation unable to continue (field loss)

HEAD OFFICE: MITSUBISHI DENKI BLDG., MARUNOUCHI, TOKYO 100-8310. TELEX: J24532 CABLE: MELCO TOKYO

Improper use of products can cause severe injury or death,

and may result in damage to product and other property.
Please read instruction manual before installing or using product.

SE-D571-A(9805-2.0)ROD

New Publication, effective May. 1998.

Specifications subject to change without notice.