PHNG PHP GII H PHNG TRNH TRONG

K THI TUYN SINH I HC

BIN SON: GV NGUYN TRUNG KIN 0988844088
Phn mt: Cc dng h c bn
I . H phng trnh i xng.
1.Phng trnh i xng loi 1.
a)nh ngha
Mt h phng trnh n x, y c gi l h phng trnh i xng loi 1 nu mi
phng trnh ta i vai tr ca x, y cho nhau th phng trnh khng i
b) Tnh cht
Nu ( x0 , y0 ) l mt nghim th h ( y0 , x0 ) cng l nghim
S = x + y
c) cch gii
iu kin S 2 4 P
P = x. y
Ta bin i a h cho (1) v h 2 n S, P (2) (x;y) l nghim ca (1) khi v ch khi
(S,P) l 1 nghimc ca (2) thoi mn iu kin: S 2 4 P 0 vi m i (S;P) tm c ta c
(x;y) l nghim ca phng trnh: X 2 SX + P = 0 .
Gi s phng trnh c 2 nghim l X1, X2.
+ Nu > 0 th X 1 X 2 nn h (1) c 2 nghim phn bit ( X 1 ; X 2 ) ; ( X 2 ; X 1 )
+ Nu = 0 th X 1 = X 2 nn h c nghim duy nht ( X 1 ; X 2 ) .
+ H c t nht mt nghim tho mn x 0 khi v ch khi h (2) c t nht 1
nghim (S;P) tho mn.
= S 2 4 P 0

S 0
P 0

VD 1: Gii h phng trnh

x 2 + y 2 + xy = 7
H c nghim l (1;2), (2;1)

x
+
y
+
xy
=
5

VD2: nh m h sau c nghim

x + y + xy = m
S: 0 m 8
2
2
x
+
y
=
m

2) H phng trnh i xng loi 2.

-Mt h phng trnh 2 n x, y c g i l i xng loi 2 nu trong h phng trnh ta
i vai tr x, y cho nhau th phng trnh tr thnh phng trnh kia.
x 3 + x 2 y = 10 y
VD: 3
y + y 2 x = 10 x
b) Tnh cht.
- Nu (x0 ; y0 ) l 1 nghim ca h th ( y0 ; x0 ) cng l nghim
c) Cch gii

- Tr v vi v hai phng trnh ca h ta c mt phng trnh c dng

(x y )[ f (x; y )] = 0
x y = 0
f ( x; y ) = 0

3
2
2
3x = x + 2 y
V d : Gii h phng trnh sau: 3
2
2
3 y = y + 2 x
HD: Tr hai phng trnh ca h ta thu c
3( x3 y 3 ) = ( x 2 y 2 ) ( x y )[3( x 2 + y 2 + xy ) + x + y ] = 0
H cho tng ng vi
x y = 0
(I )
3
2
2
3 y = y + 2 x
Gii (I) ta c x=y=0 hoc x=y=1
2
2
3(
x
+
y
+
xy
)
+
x
+
y
=
0

( II )
3 y 3 = y 2 + 2 x 2

Xt (II) T gi thit ta suy ra x, y khng m . Nu x, y dng th h v nghim suy ta h

c nghim duy nht
x=y=0
Kt lun: H c 2 nghim x=y=0 v x=y=1

3) H phng trnh v tri ng cp bc II

a) Cc dng c bn.
2
2
ax + bxy + cy = d
. 2
2
a1 x + b1 xy + c1 y = d1
b) Cch gii.
+ Xt trng hp y=0 xem c phi l nghim hay khng
+ t x=ty thay vo h ri chia 2 phng trnh ca h cho nhau ta c phng trnh bc
2 theo t. Gii phng trnh tm t sau th vao mt trong hai phng trnh ca h tm
x,y
Phng php ny cng ng khi v tri l phng trnh ng cp bc n.
x 2 3xy + y 2 = 1
V d: Gii h 2
2
x + 2 xy 2 y = 1
+ D thy y=0 khng phi l nghim
2 2
2
2
t y 3ty + y = 1
+ t x=ty th vo h ta c 2 2
chia 2 phng trnh ca h cho nhau ta
2
2
t y + 2ty 2 y = 1
c
t = 1
x = y
t 2 3t + 1
2

t th hai trng hp vo
= 1 2t t 1 = 0

t = 1
x = 1 y
t 2 + 2t 2

2
mt trong hai phng trnh ca h gii.

PHN HAI: MT S PHNG PHP KHC THNG DNG

TRONG GII H
I) PHNG PHP BIN I TNG NG
Phng php ny ch yu l dng cc k nng bin i phng trnh cu h da v
phng trnh n gin c th rt x theo y hoc ngc li th vo phng trnh khc
ca h
Ta xt v d sau:
Loi 1) Trong h c mt phng trnh bc nht theo n x hoc n y. Khi ta rt x
theo y hoc y theo x th vo phng trnh cn li
x 2 ( y + 1)( x + y + 1) = 3 x 2 4 x + 1(1)
V d 1) Gii gh phng trnh
2
xy + y + 1 = x (2)
HD: Ta thy x=0 khng phi l nghim ca phng trnh (2) t phng trnh (2) ta c
x2 1
y +1 =
thay vo phng trnh (1) ta c
x
x 2 1 x 2 1

x2
+ x = 3 x 2 4 x + 1 ( x 1) ( 2 x3 + 2 x 2 x 1) = ( x 1)( 3 x 1)

x x

( x 1) 2 x3 + 2 x 2 4 x = 0
x + y + xy ( 2 x + y ) = 5 xy
V d 2) Gii h phng trnh:
x + y + xy ( 3 x y ) = 4 xy
Gii: Ta c x=y=0 l nghim.
Cc cp s (x,y) vi x=0, y 0 hoc x 0, y=0 khng l nghim.
1 1
x + y + 2x + y = 5

Xt xy 0. chia 2 v phng trnh cho xy 0 ta c

1 + 1 + 3x y = 4
x y
1 1
Suy ra 5 2 x y = + = 4 + y 3x x = 2 y 1
x y
Thay x=2y-1 vo phng trnh th hai ta thu c:
2 y 1 + y + y ( 2 y 1)( 5 y 3) = 4 ( 2 y 1) y 3 y 1 + y 10 y 2 11y + 3 = 8 y 2 4 y

10 y 3 19 y 2 + 10 y 1 = 0 ( y 1) 10 y 2 9 y + 1
y = 1; y =

9 + 41
9 41
;y =
20
20

( y = 1; x = 1)

9 + 41
41 1
p s: y =
;x =

20
10

9 + 41
41 1
;x =
y =

20
10

Loi 2) Mt phng trnh ca h c th a v dng tch ca 2 phng trnh bc nht

hai n. Khi ta a v gii 2 h phng trnh tng ng
xy + x + y = x 2 2 y 2 (1)
V d 1) Gii h phng trnh sau
x 2 y y x 1 = 2 x 2 y (2)
iu kin l y 0; x 1
x = y
Phng trnh (1) (x+y)(x-2y-1)=0 t ta c
thay ln lt hai trng hp
x = 2 y +1
vo phng trnh (2) gii
x + y + x y = 1 + x 2 y 2 (1)
V d 2)Gii h phng trnh:
x + y = 1(2)
Gii: iu kin x y 0
(1) ( x + y 1)

x y 1 = 0

x + y = 1

x + y = 1
H cho tng ng vi:
x y = 1
x + y = 1

x + y = 1
x = 1
x = 0

v
gii
y =1
x + y = 1 y = 0
x y = 1
x = 1
gii

x + y = 1 y = 0
p s: x=1,y=0 v x=0, y=1.
y 3

(1)
x+ y + x+3 =
x
V d 3) Gii h phng trnh:
x + y + x = x + 3(2)

Gii: iu kin x > 0, y 3

y 3
y 3
Ta c: (1)
=
x
x+ y x+3

Vi y=3 ta c 2 x + 3 = 0 x = 3 (loi)

 x + y x + 3 = x

Vi y 3 ta c
x + y + x = x + 3

Suy ra x + 3 x = x + y = x + x + 3
Suy ra

x + 3 + x = 3 x = 1 thay vo (2) ta c:

y +1 = 3 y = 8

x = 1
p s:
y = 8
Ch : Trong mt s bi ton nhiu khi cc em cn cng hoc tr 2 phng trnh
ca h sau mi xut hin phng trnh dng tch
x 4 + y 4 + 6 x 2 y 2 = 41
V d 4) Gii h phng trnh :
2
2
xy ( x + y ) = 10

Gii: S dng hng ng thc: ( x + y ) = x 4 + y 4 + 4 xy x 2 + y 2 + 6 x 2 y 2

4

x 4 + y 4 + 6 x 2 y 2 = 41
HD: H cho tng ng vi
2
2
4 xy x + y = 40
cng v vi v 2 phng trnh ta thu c:

x 4 + y 4 + 4 xy x 2 + y 2 + 6 x 2 y 2 = 81 ( x + y ) = 81 x + y = 3
4

x + y = 3

2
2
xy x + y = 10
h cho tng ng vi
x + y = 3

2
2
xy x + y = 10
x+ y =3
x + y = 3

x + y = 3

a) Xt
2

2
2
xy ( x y ) 2 xy = 10
xy ( 9 2 xy ) = 10
xy x + y = 10

x + y = 3
x + y = 3
b) Xt

2
2
xy ( 9 2 xy ) = 10
xy x + y = 10

Loi 3) Mt phng trnh ca h l phng trnh bc 2 theo mt n chng hn x l

n. Khi ta coi y nh l tham s gii x theo y.
2
(1)
y = (5 x + 4)(4 x)
V d 1) Gii h phng trnh sau
2
2
5 x + y 4 xy + 16 x 8 y + 16 = 0 ( 2 )
HD: Coi phng trnh (2) l phng trnh theo n y ta c (2) y2 4(x+2)y5x2+16x+16=0

 y = 5x + 4
Gii y theo x ta c
thay ln lt hai trng hp vo phng trnh ta s gii
y = 4 x
c cc nghim ca h
2 x 2 + 2 xy + y = 5
V d 2) Gii h phng trnh sau: 2
y + xy + 5 x = 7
Tr hai phng trnh ca h cho nhau ta c 2 x 2 y 2 + xy + y 5 x + 2 = 0
y +1

x
=
2
2
2
2
2
2 x + ( y 5) x y + y + 2 = 0; = ( y 5) 8( y + y + 2) = (3 y 3)
2

x
=
2

Thay ln lt 2 trng hp vo h ta gii c x, y

II) PHNG PHP T N PH
im mu cht ca phng php ny l phi pht hin n ph u=f(x,y) v v=g(x,y)
ngay trong tng phng trnh ca h hoc sau cc php bin i
Thng thng cc php bin i thng xoay quanh vic cng, tr 2 phng trnh
ca h hoc chia cc v phng trnh cho mt s hng khc khng c sn trong cc
phng trnh ca h tm ra nhng phn chung m sau ta t thnh n ph
x 2 + 1 + y ( y + x) = 4 y
(1)
V d 1) Gii h phng trnh sau 2
(2)
x + 1 ( y + x 2 ) = y
HD: Ta thy y=0 khng phi l nghim ca h. Chia hai v phng trnh (1) v (2) cho y
ta c h tng ng sau
x2 + 1
+x+ y =4

u + v = 2
x2 + 1
y
t
u=
; v=x+y-2 ta c h sau
Gii h tm u,v
2
y
uv
=
1
x
1
+

(
)( x + y 2) = 1
y

sau tm x, y.
3

2
2
=7
2
4 xy + 4( x + y ) +
x
+
y
(
)

V d 2) Gii h phng trnh sau

iu kin x+y 0
1
2 x +
=3

x+ y
3
2
2

=7
2
3 ( x + y ) + ( x y ) +
x + y)
1
(

;v = x y
Khi ta c h sau
t u = x + y +
x+ y
x + y + 1 + x y = 3

x+ y

Vi u 2
3u 2 + v 2 = 13
Thay vo ta c
Gii h tm u;v sau thay vo tm x; y
u + v = 3

 x 3 + y 2 x + 3 x 2 + y 2 + 3x 2 y + 1 = 0
V d 3) Gii h phng trnh: 3
2
2
2 y + xy + y 3x 3 = 0
( x + 1)3 + ( x + 1) y 2 = 2 y
Gii: H phng trnh tng ng vi
2
3
( x + 1) y + 2 y = 3 ( x + 1)
t u=x+1
u 3 + uy 2 = 2 y
Ta c h mi 2
3
uy + 2 y = 3u
D thy u=y=0 l mt nghim
Xt y 0 t u=ty th vo h sau chia hai v phng trnh cho nhau ta c phng
trnh mt n t.
( y l mt bin th ca h phng trnh ng bc)
( x + y )(1 + xy ) = 18 xy
V d 4) Gii h phng trnh: 2
2
2 2
2 2
x + y 1 + x y = 208 x y
Gii: Ta c x=y=0 lnghim. Xt xy 0 . H phng trnh tng ng vi

1
( x + y ) 1 + = 18
u + v = 18
1
1

xy
. t u = x + , v = y + ta c 2 2

x
y
u + v = 208
x 2 + y 2 1 + 1 = 208

2
2

x y

1
( x + y ) 1 + = 5

xy
V d 5)Gii h phng trnh
xy + 1 = 4

xy
Gii:
1
1
u + v = 5
iu kin xy 0 . t u = x + , v = y + ta c h
y
x
uv = 6

x y
+ ( x + y ) = 15
y x
V d 6) Gii h phng trnh : 2
2
x + y x 2 + y 2 = 85
y 2 x 2

x y
Gii: t u = + , v = x + y .Ta c:
y x
2
2
x
y
+ 2 = u2 2
2
y
x

x 2 + y 2 = ( x + y ) 2 xy = v 2 2 xy
2

u=

x2 + y 2
u.xy = x 2 + y 2
xy

v2
u+2
2
2v
uv 2
15v
Suy ra x 2 + y 2 = v 2
=
=
( v uv=15)
u+2 u+2 u+2
uv = 15

Ta c h 2
15v
( u 2 ) u + 2 = 85

Suy ra u.xy = v 2 2 xy xy =

x 2 y + 2 y + x = 4 xy

V d 7) Gii h: 1
1 x
x 2 + xy + y = 3

Gii: iu kin xy 0 .

1 1 1

x + x + x + y = 4

h phng trnh tng ng vi

.

1
1
1

x+
+ = 4

x x y
u + v = 4
u = 2
1
1 1
t u = x + , v = + ta c:

x
x y
uv = 4
v = 2
1

x + x = 2
H phng trnh tng ng vi
( x = 1, y = 1)
1 + 1 = 2
x y

III) PHNG PHP HM S

Loi 1) Mt phng trnh ca h c dng f(x)=f(y). Mt phng trnh cho ta bit tp
gi tr ca x hoc y. T suy ra hm f(x) n iu suy ra x=y
x 3 5 x = y 3 5 y
(1)
V d 1) Gii h phng trnh sau 8
4
( 2)
x + y = 1
T phng trnh (2) ta suy ra x , y 1 Xt phng trnh f ( x) = x3 5 x vi
x [ 1;1] ; f '( x) = 3 x 2 5 < 0x [ 1;1] nn f(x) l hm nghch bin suy ra x=y thay vo
phng trnh (2) ta d dng gii c nghim
Loi 2) H i xng m sau khi bin i thng a v dng f(x)=f(y) hoc f(x)=0
trong f l hm n iu
x + x 2 2 x + 2 = 3 y 1 + 1
V d 1) Gii h phng trnh sau
y + y 2 2 y + 2 = 3x 1 + 1

2
v
u + u + 1 = 3
HD: t x-1=u; y-1=v ta c h
v + v 2 + 1 = 3u
Tr theo v hai phng trnh trn ta c

u + u 2 + 1 + 3u = v + v 2 + 1 + 3v Xt hm s
x
f ( x) = x + x 2 + 1 + 3x ; f '( x) = 1 +
+ 3x ln 3 > 0x u = v . Thay vo (1) ta c
2
x +1

u + u 2 + 1 = 3u ln u + u 2 + 1 = u ln 3 ; f (u ) = ln(u + u 2 + 1) u ln 3 ta c
1+

u 2 + 1 ln 3 = 1 ln 3 < 0u f (u ) l hm s nghch bin. Ta c

u + u2 +1
u2 +1
khi u=0 th f(0)=0 nn u=v=0 l nghim duy nht x=y=1 l nghim duy nht ca h
ban u
x3 3x2 + 2 = y3 3 y 2

V d 2) Gii h phng trnh sau:

x2
2
y 1
log y y 1 + log x x 2 = ( x 2011)

f '(u ) =

Gii: t y=u-1 thay vo phng trnh (1) ca h ta c x 3 3 x 2 = u 3 3u 2 . Ta thy bi

ton xc nh khi
0 < y < 1

0 < x < 2 Trong c hai trng hp ta thy hm s f ( x) = x3 3 x 2 f '( x) = 3 x( x 2)

x > 2

y > 1
lun n iu nn
Ta c x = u x = y + 1 thay vo phng trnh (2) ca h ta c x=2011 l nghim.
Ch : Trong bi tp ny ta cng c th bin i trc tip phng trnh u ca h v
dng
3
x3 3x 2 = ( y + 1) 3( y + 1) 2

2
( 4 x + 1) x + ( y 3) 5 2 y = 0
V d 3) Gii h phng trnh sau:
4 x 2 + y 2 + 2 3 4 x = 7
5 t2
HD: t 5 2 y = t y =
thay vo phng trnh (1) ca h ta c
2
5 t2
4 x3 + x = t (3
) 8 x3 + 2 x = t 3 + t Xt f ( x) = x3 + x f '( x) = 3 x 2 + 1 suy ra hm
2
5 4 x2
s f ( x) lun ng bin t suy ra t = 2 x 5 2 y = 2 x y =
th vo
2
phng trnh (2) ca h ta c

5 4 x2
3
g ( x) = 4 x +
+ 2 3 4 x 7 = 0 vi x 0; .
4
2
D thy x=0 hoc x=3/4 u khng phi l nghim
4
4
5

3
g '( x) = 8 x 8 x 2 x 2
= 4 x(4 x 2 3)
< 0 vi x 0; Ta c
3 4x
3 4x
2

4
1
1
g ( ) = 0 x = ; y = 2 l nghim duy nht ca h.
2
2
2

IV) PHNG PHP NH GI

Vi phng php ny hc sinh cn quan st nm chc cc biu thc khng m trong
h, qua vn dng cc bt ng thc nh gi
2 xy

x
+
= x2 + y

3 2
x 2x + 9

V d 1) Gii h phng trnh

2 xy
y +
= y2 + x
2
3

y 2y + 9

HD:Cng 2 v ca hai phng trnh vi nhau ta c

2 xy
2 xy
+
= x 2 + y 2 Ta c x=y=0 l mt nghim ca h
3 2
2
3
x 2x + 9
y 2y + 9
C 3 x 2 2 x + 9 = 3 ( x 1) 2 + 8 2 VT 2 xy; x 2 + y 2 2 xy VP 2 xy . Du bng xy
ra khi v ch khi x=y=1
Kt lun: H c 2 ngim x=y=0 v x=y=1
3
y = x + 3x + 4
V d 2) Gii h phng trnh sau
3
x = 2 y 6 y 2
( y 2 ) = ( x + 1)2 ( x 2)
(1)
H cho tng ng vi
2
(2)
( x 2 ) = 2 ( y + 1) ( y 2)
Nu y > 2 t (1) suy ra x<2. Nhng iu ny l v l v (2) v nghim
Lp lun tng t cho trng hp y<2
Kt lun x=y=2 l nghim duy nht ca h phng trnh.
2
4
7
(1 + x)(1 + x )(1 + x ) = 1 + y
V d 3) Gii h phng trnh sau:
2
4
7
(1 + y )(1 + y )(1 + y ) = 1 + x
HD: D thy x=y=0 hoc x=y=-1 l nghim
Xt x>0 ta c
(1 + x)(1 + x 2 )(1 + x 4 ) = 1 + x + x 2 + x3 + x 4 + x5 + x 6 + x 7 > 1 + x 7

y>x
1 + y + y 2 + y 3 + y 4 + y 5 + y 6 + y 7 > 1 + x + x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + x5 + x 6 + y 7 > 1 + y 7 x > y
Vy h v nghim. Tng t khi y>0 h cng v nghim
Xt x<-1 1 + x 7 < 0 1 + y < 0 y < 1

10

Ta c 1 + ( x + x 2 ) + ( x 3 + x 4 ) + ( x 5 + x 6 ) + x 7 > 1 + x 7 y > x . Tng t khi y<-1 ta c

x>y . Vy h v nghim
Xt trng hp -1<x<0 chng minh tng t ta c h v nghim.
Kt lun: x=y=0 hoc x=y=-1
V) GII H BNG CCH A V PHNG TRNH CNG BC
C s ca pp ny l khi 2 phng trnh ca h c th a v dng phng trnh
cng bc so ci x,y th ta t x=ty sau a v phng trnh mt n s v gii nh
bnh thng
2
2
2 x + 3 y = x + 3xy + y
V d1) Gii h phng trnh sau 2
2
x + 2 y = x + 2 y
HD: R rng ban u h khng thuc dng c bit no c nhng quan st k Hs s thy
im mu cht ca bi ton nm vn sau
Ta thy x=y=0 l mt nghim ca h
Xt trng hp x, y 0 h cho tng ng vi
(2x+3y)(x 2 +2y 2 )=(x+2y)(x 2 +3xy+y 2 ) x 3 + 4 y 3 3 xy 2 2 x 2 y = 0
t x=ty th vo phng trnh ta c

t = 1

1 + 17
3
2
2
t 2t 3t + 4 = 0 (t 1)(t `t 4) = 0 t =
2

t = 1 17

2
T ta gii h theo 3 trng hp ca t. Sau khi gii xong ch vic th nghim
chn nghim chnh xc

2 x 2 y 2 + x 2 + 2 x = 2
V d 2) Gii h phng trnh sau: 2
2 2
2 x y x y + 2 xy = 1
2( xy ) 2 + ( x + 1) 2 = 3
HD: Ta thy h tng ng vi
t xy=u;x+1=v Ta c h
2
2 xy ( x + 1) xy = 1
ng bc
2
2
2u + v = 3

2
2uv u = 1
Trong mt s bi tp vic a v h ng bc nhiu khi i hi nhng k tht tng i
kh nhng sau ta thng thu c cch gii h kh hay. Ta xt v d sau:
2
2
x + y + xy + 2 y + x = 2
V d 3) Gii h phng trnh sau: 2
2
2 x y 2 y 2 = 0
HD:t x=u+a,y=y+b thay vo phng trnh u ca h ta c

11

(u + a ) + ( v + b)

+ (u + a)(v + b) + 2(v + b) + u + a = 0 h phng trnh ng bc th

iu kin cn l trong phng trnh khng c s hng bc nht.
2a + b + 1 = 0
a = 0
Suy ra

2b + a + 2 = 0 b = 1
2

2
2
x + u + xu = 3
t y=u-1 ta c h sau: 2
2
2 x u = 1

MT S BI TP GII H PHNG TRNH

Bin son: NGUYN TRUNG KIN 0988844088
5
2
3
2
x + y + x y + xy + xy = 4
x 4 + 2 x 3 y + x 2 y 2 = 2 x + 9
1)
2) 2
x + 2 xy = 6 x + 6
x 4 + y 2 + xy (1 + 2 x ) = 5

4
2
2
xy + x + y = x 2 y
x 2 + y 2 + x y = 4
3)
4)
x 2 y y x 1 = 2 x 2 y
x( x y + 1) + y ( y 1) = 2

x 2 + y 2 + xy = 7
5) 4
x + y 4 + x 2 y 2 = 21

1 + x 3 y 3 = 19 x 3
6)
y + xy 2 = 6 x 2

1
(x + y )1 + = 5
xy + 3 y 2 x + 4 y = 7
xy

7)
8)
2 xy + y 2 2 x 2 y + 1 = 0
x 2 + y 2 1 + 1 = 49
x2 y2

x + y x y = 2
x 3 + 2 xy 2 + 12 y = 0
10) 2
9)
8 y + x 2 = 12
x 2 + y 2 + x 2 y 2 = 4
x + x 2 y 2 x x 2 y 2 17
+
=

2 x 2 + 5 xy + 2 y 2 + x + y + 1 = 0
2
2
2
2
4
12) 2
11) x x y
x+ x y
x + y 2 + 4 xy + 12 x + 12 y + 10 = 0

2
x( x + y ) + x + xy + 4 = 52
2
2
x + y + x 2 y = 2
2( x y ) = xy
13) 2
14)
2
2
2
x + y + 2 x + 2 y = 11
x y = 3
2 xy
2
2
y x 2 y 2 = 48
x + y + x + y = 1
15)
16)
x + y = x2 y
x + y + x 2 y 2 = 24

2y

= 2
2 xy + 3 x + 4 y = 6
x y +
17) 2
18)
x

2
x + 4 y + 4 x + 12 y = 3
2 xy 2 y 2 + x = 0

12

 x 2 + y 2 + xy = 3
19) 2
x + 2 xy = 7 x + 5 y 9
2
2
x + y + xy = 3
21) 2
y xy + 5 x + 4 y = 9
2 x 2 + 2 y 2 = 1 + 2 x + y
23) 2
2 y + 2 x + y + 1 = 6 xy
2

2 y x + 6 y + y x 2 y = 0
25)
x + x 2 y x 3 y = 2

x + y + x y = 2 y
26)
x + 5 y = 3

x 2 y xy = 0
27)
x 1 2 y 1 = 1

1
2
2 x + x y = 2
28)
y y 2 x 2 y 2 = 2

x2 y + y = 2

29) 2 1
2 2
x + 2 + x y = 3
x

y 3

(1)
x+ y + x+3 =
x
31)
x + y + x = x + 3(2)

x2 y + 2x + 3y = 6
20)
3 xy + x + y = 5
2 2
2
2 x y + x + 2 x = 2
22) 2
2 2
2 x y x y + 2 xy = 1
x 2 y 2 + y 4 + 1 = 3 y 2
24) 2
xy + x = 2 y

x 3 + y 2 x + 3x 2 + y 2 + 3x 2 y + 1 = 0
30) 3
2
2
2 y + xy + y 3 x 3 = 0
x + y + x y = 1 + x 2 y 2 (1)
32)
x + y = 1(2)

2
2
=7
x 2 y + 2 y + x = 4 xy
2
4 xy + 4( x + y ) +
x + y)
(

33)
34) 1
1 x
x 2 + xy + y = 3
2 x + 1 = 3

x+ y
2 xy

= x2 + y
x + 3 2
x + x 2 2 x + 2 = 3 y 1 + 1
x 2x + 9

35)
36 )
2 xy
y + y 2 2 y + 2 = 3x 1 + 1
y +
= y2 + x
2
3

y 2y + 9

x 4 + y 4 + 6 x 2 y 2 = 41
x + y + xy ( 2 x + y ) = 5 xy
37)
38)
2
2
x
y
xy
3
x
y
4
xy
+
+

=
(
)

xy x + y = 10
3
3
x 2 y + y 3 = x 4 + x 6
x + 4 y = y + 16 x
39)
40)

2
2
2
1 + y = 5( x + 1)
( x + 2) y + 1 = ( x + 1)
x 2 + y 2 + xy + 1 = 4 y
x 2 + y 2 + x 2 y 2 = 1 + 2 xy
41)
42)

2
2
2
2
y ( x + y ) = 2( x + 1) + 7 y
x + x y + xy = y + xy + 1

13

 x3 3x 2 = y 3 3 y 2
( 4 x 2 + x ) x + ( y 3) 5 2 y = 0

43)
44)
x2
3
y 1
2
2
log y y 1 + log x x 2 = ( x 3)
4 x + y + 2 3 4 x = 7

x y sin x
e = sin y

x, y 0;
45)
4
3 8 x 2 + 3 + 1 = 6 2 y 2 2 y + 1 + 8 y

2
1 x2
3
(1 + 42 x y ) 51 2 x + y = 1 + 22 x y +1

2 x 2 y = xy
47)
46)
2
3
2
( x 2 y + 2 x ) 2 2 x 2 y + 1 4 x = 0
y + 4 x + 1 + ln ( y + 2 x ) = 0

x2 +1 8 y 2 + 12
= 3(2 y x )
2 4
48)
2
3
7
2( x + y ) +
x+ y =
2
2

2
2
x + 2 y + 2 x + 8 y + 6 = 0
50) 2
x + xy + y + 4 x + 1 = 0

2
2
x + y + xy + 2 y + x = 2
49) 2
2
2 x = 2 + y + 2 y

x 2 + xy + y 2 = 3
51) 3
3
x + 2 y = y + 2 x
x 2 + y 2 + xy = 3
x 2 + y 2 + 2 x = 3

53) x 5 + y 5 31
52) 3
3
2
2
2
2( x + y ) + 6 x = 5 + 3( x + y )
x3 + y3 = 7

x 2 + y 2 = 5
54) 4
4
2 2
x + y + 6 x y + 20 xy = 81
2
2
y + (4 x 1) = 3 4 x(8 x + 1)
56)
2
40 x + x = y 14 x 1

x 2 8 x + 9 3 xy + 12 6 x 1
55)
2( x y ) 2 + 10 x 6 y + 12 y = x + 2
y 6 + y 3 + 2 x 2 = xy x 2 y 2

57)
1
2
3
3
2
4 xy + y + 2 x + 1 + ( 2 x y )
2

1
3x 1 +
=2

x+ y
58)
7 y 1 1 = 4 2

x+ y

Trong bi vit c s dng mt s t liu trch t bi vit ca thy Nguyn Minh

Nhin, thy Nguyn Tt Thu.Ti xin chn thnh cm n cc thy.

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