FIRE SAFETY HANDBOOK BUILDING WORKSITE SAFETY FOR ARCHITECTS - ENGINEERS - BUILDING OWNERS DEVELOPERS - MANAGEMENT CORPORATIONBuilding Worksite Safety 1“ edition Published on 20 Mar 2006 All information is correct as at date of printing Produced by Civil Defence Department Ministry of Interior, QatarPREFACE The building and construction industry is poised to be one of the most dynamic sectors underpinning the economy of Qatar in the coming years as the country experiened unprecendented growth and progress. Building worksite safety will be a challenge to contractors, consultants and developers as the number and scale of developments increases against the time and cost to complete such projects. Hence, its importance can never be over-emphasised. This Handbook is produced by the Civil Defence Department (CDD), Ministry of Interior to provide useful information on building worksite safety to those working in the building and construction industry. It is hoped that the publication of this Handbook will lead to greater awareness and promulgation of good worksite safety practices in the industry. Civil Defence Department Ministry of Interior State of QatarCONTENTS Page What is the scope of this safety guideline? 7 Who falls into the criteria of site management? 7 What are the responsibilities of project manager and construction manager? 7 What are the responsibilities of a safety officer? 8 What precautionary measures should be taken to safeguard the ‘health’ of 6 the workers at a work site? - oe - | What precautionary measures should be taken to safeguard the ‘safety'ofa 4g [SERIO rs Cee —_ = What other special precautionary measures to be observed in a work site?’ 15. | What is a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) and what information does it 47 | give? | What are the other safety measures that need to be observed at a worksite? 19 Annex A 20 Annex B 36WORKPLACE SAFETY HANDBOOK What is the scope of this safety guideline? This guideline stipulates the general minimum safety measure to put in place in every work site and defines the responsibilities of the site management, employees and sub-contractors and suppliers in regard to safe work practices. Who falls into the category of site management? Project managers, construction managers and safety officers will fall under this category. Each work site should have these officers who will ensure safe practices on site. What are the responsibilities of a project manager and construction manager with regards to site safety? The project manager & construction manager is expected to establish systems and methods of working to achieve the following: (1) The elimination of risk of injury and damage to the health of all persons affected by the company’s operation and prevention of waste and damage to all property. (2) Provide and maintain safe plant, equipment and working condition. (3) To ensure all employees observe safe work practices at all times. (4) To provide adequate training and instruction on safety to all employees at all levels to enable them to carry out their duties in a competent and safe manner. (5) To acquire all safety gears/materials in order to implement safety practices at work site. (6) Public warning signage shall be placed adequately at the work site to keep away un-authorized persons from the work site.What are the responsibilities of a safety officer? At Every work site, a qualified safety officer shall be appointed with the following responsibilities: (1) (2) (10) (12) He shall have an access at all times to all areas of the work site to execute any required job as deemed necessary. He shall have the authority to instruct laborers to remove materials/ equipments which in his opinion is a hazard. He shall advice the site management the requirements and responsibilities of the work site from time to time. He shall conduct inspections regularly, to ensure that safe working methods and safety measures are in place, and that safety rules are adhered to. He shall maintain an adequate system of investigation, reporting and keeping of records of accidents. He shall liaise with the government officers, and other authorities, as required and submit reports accordingly, when necessary. He shall plan and maintain safe access to and around places of work. This includes establishing a system to prevent damage, theft and injury when work is unattended. He shall ensure that all plant and equipment are well maintained, check for its suitability for the work, from time to time. To ensure that all the equipments and machineries are operated by authorized and competent personnel. Before the commencement of works on site an emergency evacuation procedure shall be thoroughly explained to all employees. Prior to a any major operation on site, he shall ensure that access for the Civil Defence and Ambulance service is planned and maintained throughout the operation. He shall inspect the following areas on a daily basis:(a) Scaffolding and platforms (b) Stairways and landings (c) Passageways and accessways (d) Tools, materials, hoses, power cords and other hazards (e) Materials and equipments to be secured in elevated areas (f) Scrap timbers, concrete blocks What precautionary measures should be taken to safeguard the ‘health’ of the workers at a work site? Minimise exposure to infectious agents and bio-hazardous materials Where any person at work carries out any process, operation or work involving exposure to any infectious agents or bio-hazardous material which may constitute a risk to his health, the employer of that person shall take effective measures to prevent exposure to the infectious agents or bio-hazardous material and to protect him from their harmful effects. Prevent overcrowding The site supervisor shall ensure that, the site shall not be overcrowded so as to pose fire risk and health risks to the persons at work therein. Provide adequate ventilation (1) Every enclosed working area shall be provided with adequate ventilation. (2) Where gases, vapours or other impurities are generated in the course of any process or work carried out which may be harmful to health, effective and suitable ventilation shall be provided for securing and maintaining the circulation of fresh air in the working area to render it harmless as far as is practicable. Provide adequate lighting Effective provision shall be made for maintaining sufficient and suitable lighting, whether natural or artificial, in every part of the working area in which persons are at work or passing.Reduce vibration Where persons are at work carrying on any process, operation or work involving exposure to vibration that may constitute a risk to structural stability, sufficient provision for effective means to reduce the vibration shall be provided. Protection against excessive heat, noise and harmful radiations Site supervisor shall take all reasonable practicable measures to ensure that persons at work are protected from excessive heat, noise and harmful radiations. What precautionary measures should be taken to safeguard the ‘safety’ of a working area? Safe use of electric generators and motors, and transmission and other machinery (1) It shall be ensured that every dangerous part, including any flywheel, of any electric generator, rotary converter, motor or transmission or other machinery in any factory is securely fenced. (2) Ensure that in any room or place where transmission machinery is used, there is provided and maintained efficient devices by which the power can promptly be cut off from the transmission machinery. Regular maintenance of electrical installations and equipment (1) It shall be ensured that all electrical installations and electrical equipment (a) are of good construction, sound material and free from defects; and (b) are used and maintained in accordance with the generally accepted principles of sound and safe practice. (2) It shall be ensured that all practical measures shall be taken to protect any person against the risks of electric shock arising from or in connection with the use at work of any electrical installation or equipment.Implement lock-out procedures for machineries (1) To establish and implement lock-out procedures relating to the inspection, cleaning, repair or maintenance of any plant, machinery, equipment or electrical installation that, if inadvertently activated or energised, is liable to cause bodily injury to any person or starts a fire. (2) To ensure that every person carrying out any inspection, cleaning, repair or maintenance of any plant, machinery, equipment or electrical installation shall be fully instructed on the lock-out procedures for that work before commencing that work. Preventing a fall from a raised level (1) The site supervisor shall ensure that for every staircase in a building or which affords a means of exit from a building, a substantial handrail is provided and maintained, which (a) if the staircase has an open side, shall be on that side; and (b) if the staircase has 2 open sides, shall be on both sides. (2) Where a person who has to work at a place from which he would be liable to fall, it shall be ensured that a secure foothold and handhold is provided at the place so far as is practicable for ensuring his safety. (3) Where it is not practicable to provide a secure foothold or handhold as required, other suitable means such as a safety harness or safety belt shall be provided for ensuring the safety of every person working at such places. (4) Where a safety harness or safety belt is provided (a) there shall be sufficient and secured anchorage, by means of life line; and (b) the anchorage shall not be lower than the level of the working position of the person wearing the safety harness or safety belt(5) The employer of a person who is exposed to the risk of falling into water and of drowning shall provide — (a) suitable life jackets or other equipment for keeping such persons afloat in the event that they fall into the water. Ensure stored goods do not cause obstruction Ensure that all goods, articles and substances which are stored, stacked or placed. (a) in such manner as not to interfere with — (i) the adequate distribution of natural or artificial light; (ii) the proper operation of any machinery or other equipment; (iii) the unobstructed use of passageways or traffic lanes; and (iv) the efficient functioning of sprinkler systems or the use of other fire-fighting equipment; (b) ona firm foundation; (c) not to overload the foundation or floors; and (d)_ in such manner, and if using supporting structures, as to ensure the stability, and to prevent the collapse, of the goods, articles or substances.Precautionary measures when working in a environment filled with dangerous fumes or lack of oxygen in confined spaces (1) Ensure that there is adequate and convenient means of access and egress from any confined space. (2) No person shall enter or remain, and no person shall require, instruct or direct any person to enter or remain, in a confined space for any purpose unless the person entering or remaining in the confined space (a) is wearing a suitable breathing apparatus; (b) has been authorised to enter by a competent person; and (c) where practicable, is wearing a belt with a rope securely attached and there is a person keeping watch outside who is holding the free end of the rope and capable of pulling him out. (d)_ ina pair (the least). (3) | Acompetent person shall not certify a confined space safe unless (a) effective steps have been taken to prevent any ingress of dangerous fumes; (b) any sludge or other deposit liable to give off dangerous fumes has been removed and the space contains no other material liable to give off dangerous fumes; and (c) the space has been adequately ventilated and tested for dangerous fumes and has a supply of air adequate to sustain life, (4) No person shall enter or remain in, and no person shall permit or direct any other person to enter or remain in, any confined space in which the proportion of oxygen in the air is liable to have been reduced to below 19.5% by volume unless (a) he is wearing a suitable breathing apparatus; or (b) the space has been and remains adequately ventilated and acompetent person has tested and certified it as (i) containing an adequate supply of oxygen; and (ii) safe for entry without breathing apparatus. Precautions with regard to explosive or flammable dust, gas, vapour or substance (1) Where any process gives rise to dust, gas, vapour or substance that may escape into any place of work and the dust, gas, vapour or substance is of such a character and to such an extent as to be liable to explode on ignition, (a) It shall be necessary to take all reasonably practical steps to prevent such an explosion. (i) by stopping the process; (ii) by removal or prevention of accumulation of the dust, gas, vapour or substance; (iii) by exclusion or effective enclosure of possible sources of ignition; or (iv) by the use of suitable flame-proof equipment; and (2) Ensure that no process, tank or vessel that contains, or has contained, any explosive or flammable substance shall be subjected to — (a) any welding, brazing or soldering operation; (b) any cutting operation which involves the application of heat (hotworks); or ( c) any operation involving the application of heat for the purpose of taking apart or removing the plant, tank or vessel or any part of it, until all practicable steps have been taken to remove the substance and any fumes arising from it. Ensure sound construction of the pressure vessel containing hazardous substance Ensure that all pressurised vessel that contains any corrosive, toxic, explosive or flammable substance shall be of good construction, sound material, adequate strength and free from defects.Safety measures for pipes and equipment conveying certain substances (1) _ Ensure that every pipe, pump, compressor and other equipment used to convey steam, air, refrigerant or any hazardous substance, and each part and fitting of, and attachment to every pipe, pump, compressor and other equipment: (a) is of good construction, sound material, adequate strength and free from patent defects; and (b) is properly maintained. (2) No gas filling shall be allowed except under the direct supervision of a person who (a) by his training and experience; and (b) with his knowledge of the necessary precautions against any risk, is competent to supervise the work. What other special precautionary measures to be observed in a work site? Toxic, irritating or offensive dust, fumes or other contaminants (1) | Where any process or work carried on is likely to produce or give off any toxic, irritating or offensive dust, fumes or other contaminants, it is necessary to take all reasonably practicable measures to (a) prevent their accumulation in the work area / space; and (b) protect persons against inhalation of the dust, fumes or other contaminants. (2) The measures to be taken include one or more of the following: (a) persons not connected with the process or work are prohibited from being present;(b) to prevent persons at work from coming into contact with the contaminants; (c) providing adequate ventilation to dilute the dust, fumes or other contaminants; (3) Accumulation of toxic dust or waste on the floors, walls, work benches or other surfaces in the work area shall be removed by washing, vacuum cleaning or other suitable means in a manner that will not make the dust or waste airborne. Permissible exposure levels of toxic substances Every worker shall take all reasonably practicable measures to ensure that no person at work is exposed to the toxic substances listed in Annex A First Schedule in excess of the permissible exposure levels specified in the Annex. Dealing with Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) (1) Ensure that hazardous materials are placed under the control of a competent person who has adequate knowledge of their properties and dangers. (2) The site supervisor shall ensure that adequate warning notices in languages understood by the persons at work specifying the nature of the dangers of the hazardous substances are placed (a) atall entrances to any work area; and (b) at appropriate locations where the hazardous materials are used or present. (3) | The site supervisor shall warn persons at work who are liable to be exposed to hazardous substances of the hazards involved and the precautionary measures to be taken.(4) To keep, store, use, handle or dispose of hazardous substances in such a manner as not to pose a risk to the health, fire and safety of any person at work. Proper warning labels on containers containing HAZMAT It shall be the duty of site supervisor where there is any container of hazardous substances therein to ensure that, every such container is affixed with one or more labels that (a) is easily understood by all persons at work in the factory; (b) warn of the hazards involved with the hazardous substance in the container; and (c) specify the precautionary measures to be taken when dealing with the hazardous substance in the container. What is a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) and what information does it give? (1) Where any hazardous substance is used, handled or stored in a work site, the site supervisor shall — (a) obtain a safety data sheet of the substance; (b) assess the information in the safety data sheet and take precautionary measures to ensure the safe use of the substance; and (c) make available the safety data sheet to all persons at work who are liable to be exposed to the substance. (2) | The Material Safety Data Sheet for the substance, shall give accurate and adequate information on the substance, including (a) _ the identity of the substance; (b) the safety and health hazard information pertaining to the substance;oy © e Ss ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ges = the composition of and ingredients used in the substance; first-aid measures; fire-fighting measures; accidental release measures; the precautions to be taken for safe handling and storage; the exposure controls and personal protection needed; the physical and chemical properties of the substance; the stability and reactivity of the substance; toxicological information; ecological information; disposal considerations; transport information; regulatory information; and any other relevant informationWhat are the other safety measures that need to be observed at a worksite? (1) (2) (3) (4) (6) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) First aid kits shall be maintained on site with clear markings of their location. Hoisting of material shall be done under strict supervision of a qualified supervisor, who shall inspect and make sure that all materials to be hoisted are properly packed and alll hoisting machines are capable of a sate lifting of the loads. Hoisted load shall not swing over roads or areas outside the site boundaries unless in the presence of a flagman, clearing the area before and after the hoisting operation. Ladders must be constructed of sound material and be in good condition. Painted ladders shall not be used. All cranes and lifting gears must have current test certificates. Cranes and hoisting equipments shall be colour-coded up to date. Nobody shall be pesmitted to ride the load during a lifting operation. Before any excavation, approved drawings shall be obtained from the consultant or the relevant authority and the location of underground services shall be marked prior to the excavation. Excavation work of more than 1m deep shall be protected by a tape to warn workers. Warning lights shall be placed adequately when excavation is carried out in the night. Safety harness shall be worn when exposed to a potential fall of 2m and more. There shall be no walking along beams unless lifeline is used. Prior to any demolishing operation, a permit shalll be obtained from the relevant authority department. All scaffolds and staging shall comply with the relevant standards. Scaffolding shall not be used until an approval has been obtained. All scaffolds shall be in good condition and free from corrosion, and must be inspected by a competent person prior to being used. Scaffolds shall be erected only by competant and traied men in the job, working under the immediate supervision of an experience foreman, who knows the purpose of the scaffolding and the maximum load that can be placed onto the scaffolds. All scaffolds from which a person may fall 2m or more, shall have the edges provided with railings not less than 1m in height above the walkway and have at least 1 intermediate rail. Nettings shall be provided on the facade of the building where work is carried out to protect workers, and against falling objects and debris.ANNEXA PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMITS OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES Toxic Substance Permissible Exposure Level (PEL) PEL (Long Term) PEL (Short Term) ppm* mgim= ppm mgim?? Acetaldehyde - = 25 45 Acetic acid 10 25 15 a Acetic anhydride 5 24 = = Acetone 750 1780 1000 2380 Acetone cyanohyatin _ — 47 5 Acetonitrile 40 67 60 401 Acetophenone 10 49 = — Acetylene tetrabromide 1 14 - - Acrolein on 0.23 0.3 0.69 Acrylamide - 0.03 = - Acrylic acid 2 59 - - Acrylonitrile (Vinyl cyanide) 2 43 - = Adipic acid - 5 - - Adiponitile 2 88 - - Aldrin — 0.25 - = Allyl alcohol 2 48 4 95 Allyl chloride 1 3 2 6 Allyl glycidyl ether (AGE) 5 23 0 a7 Allyl propy disulfide 2 12 3 18 ‘Aluminium Metal dust = 10 - - Pyro powders, as Al - 5 - - Welding fumes, as Al = 5 = — Soluble salts, as Al - 2 = = Alkyls, a8 Al = 2 - - ‘Aluminium oxide - 10 - - 2-Aminopyridine 05 19 - — Amitrole — 02 - — ‘Ammonia 25 7 35 24 ‘Ammonium chloride fume - 10 = 20 ‘Ammonium perfluorooctanoate - oot - — ‘Ammonium sulfamate — 10 - - n-Amyl acetate 100 532 - - sec-Amyl acetate 125 665 - - Aniline 2 76 = = Anisidine 04 05 - - ‘Antimony and compounds, as Sb — 05 - - ‘Antimony trioxide, as Sb - 05 - - Arsenic, elemental and inorganic compounds, - 0.01 - - asAs Arsine 0.05 0.16 - -Asbestos (all forms) Asphalt (petroleum) fumes Atrazine Azinphos-methy| Barium, soluble compounds, as Ba Barium sulfate Benomy! Benzene Benzoyl peroxide Benzyl chloride Beryl and compounds, as Be Biphenyl Bismuth telluride, Undoped Se-doped Borates, tetra sodium salts Anhydrous Decahydrate Pentahyorate Boron oxide Boron tribromide Boron trifluoride Bromacil Bromine Bromine pentafluoride Bromoforr 4,3-Butadiene Butane n-Butanol seo-Butanol tert-Butanol 2-Butoxyethanol (EGBE) n-Butyl acetate see-Butyl acetate tert-Butyl acetate n-Butyl acrylate n-Butylamine tert-Butyl chromate, as CrO, n-Buly! glycidyl ether (GE) n-Buty! lactate Butyl mercaptan (Butanethiol) o-sec-Butylphenol p-tert-Butyl toluene Cadmium, as Cd Elemental ‘Compounds Calcium carbonate (Limestone, Marble) Calcium chromate, as Cr 800 100 400 25 150 200 200 0.4 (fibre/ce) 5 5 02 os 10 10 3.18 82 0.002 13 0.66 0.72 52 44 1900 303 303 121 713 950 950 52. 133 30 18 3t 64 0.01 0.002 10 0.001Calcium cyanamide Calcium cyanide Calcium hydroxide Calcium oxide Calcium silicate Calcium sulfate Camphor Caprolactam Dust Vapour Captafol Captan Carbaryl Carbofuran Carbon black Carbon dioxide Carbon disulfide Carbon monoxide Carbon tetrabromide Carbon tetrachloride (Tetrachioromethane) Carbonyl fluoride Catechol (Pyrocatechol) Cellulose Cesium hydroxide Chiordane Chlorinated camphene (Toxaphene) Chiorinated diphenyl oxide Chiorine Chiorine dioxide Chiorine trifluoride Chioroacetaldehyde Chloroacetone 2-Chloroacetophenone (Phenacyl chloride) Chioroacely! chloride Chiorobenzene (Monochlorobenzene) ‘-Chiorobenzylidene malononitrile Chlorobromomethane (Bromochloromethane) Chlorodifluoromethane Chlorodiphenyl (42% chlorine) Chlorodiphenyl (54% chlorine) Chloroform (Trichloromethane) bis (Chloromethyl) ether 1-Chloro-1-nitropropane Chloropentafluoroethane Chloropicrin (Trichloronitromethane) 0.05 0.05 10 200 1000 10 0.001 1000 ot 23 O41 o4 35 9000 a 29 14 34 54 23 10 os 0s 08 15 0.28 0.32 0.23 46 41060 3640 0s 49 0.0047 10 6320 0.87 0.15 0.05 0.83 0.38 32 38 0.69 0.39-Chloroprene (2-Chioro-1,3-butadiene) 2-Chioropropionic acid o-Chiorostyrene o-Chiorotoluene Chlorpyritos Chromium, metal and inorganic compounds, as Cr Metal and Cr ill compounds Water-soluble Cr VI compounds Insoluble Cr VI compounds Chromyl chloride Clopidol Coal, respirable dust Coal tar pitch volatiles (Polyoylic aromatic hydrocarbons}, as benzene solubles Cobalt, elemental and inorganic compounds, as Co Cobalt carbonyl, as Co Cobalt hydrocarbonyl, as Co Copper Fume Dusts and mists, as Cu Cotton dust, raw Cresol Crotonaldehyde Crufomate Cumene Cyanamide Cyanogen Cyanogen chloride Cyolohexane Cyclohexanol Cyclohexanone Cyclohexene Cyclohexyiamine Cyclonite Cyclopentadiene Cyclopentane Cyhexatin (Tricyclo hexyltin) DDT (Dichlorodiphenytrichloroethane) Decaborane Demeton Diacetone alcoho! (4-Hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone) Diazinon Diazomethane Diborane 2-N-Dibutylaminoethanol 10 ot 50 50 300 50 25 300 10 75 600 0.05 oot 50 02 on 0s 0.44 283 259 02 05 0.05 0.01 0.16 10 02 0.02 ot on 02 02 22 87 246 a 1030 206 100 1010 a 15 203 1720 0.25 ott 238 oO 0.34 ont 35Dibutyl phenyl phosphate Dibuty! phosphate Dibuty! phthalate Dichloroacetylene ©Dichlorobenzene p-Dichlorobenzene 14-Dichloro-2-butene Dichlorodiftuoromethane 4,3-Dichloro-5,5.dimethyl hydantoin 1,1-Dichloroethane (Eithylidene chioride) 1,2-Dichloroethylene (Acetylene dichloride) Dichloroethy| ether Dichloroftuoromethane 4,1-Dichloro-t-nitroethane 1,3-Dichloropropene 2,2-Dichloropropionic acid Dichiorotetrafluoroethane Dichiorvos Dicrotophos Dicyclopentadiene Dicyclopentadieny| iron Dieldrin Diethanolamine Diethyiamine 2 Diethylaminoethanol Diethylene triamine Diethy! ketone Diethyl phthalate Diuorodioromomethane Diglycidyl ether (OE) Diisobuty| ketone (2.6-Dimethyi-4-heptanone) Diisopropytamine NIN-Dimethy| acetamide Dimethylamine Dimethytaniline (NIN-Dimethyianiine) Dimethyiformamide 4,1-Dimethyinydrazine Dimethylphthaiate Dimethyl sulfate Dinitolmide (3,5-Dinitro-o-toluamide) Dinitrobenzene Dinitro-o-creso! Dinitrotoluene Dioxane 0.005 1000 100 200 400 ot 25 35 86 150 60 0.025 4950 02 405 793 29 42 2 45 58 8990 0.90 0.25 a 10 0.25 15 96 42 705 58 0.53 145 24 36 92 25 30 12 0.52 10 02 0.15 90Dioxathion Diphenylamine Dipropylene glycol methyl ether Dipropyl ketone Diquat “otal dust Respirable dust Di-sec-octy! phthalate (01 -2-ethy!hexy)) phthalate) Disulfram Disulfoton 26-Dirtert-buly-p-cresol Diuron Diviny\ benzene Emery Endosulfan Endrin Enflurane Epichlorohydrin (G-Chiore-2, 3-epoxypropane) EPN Ethanol (Ethyl alcohol) Ethanolamine Ethion (2-Ethoxyethanol (EGEE) 2-£thoxyethy| acetate (EGEEA) Ethyl acetate Ethyl acrylate Ethylamine Ethyl amyl ketone (5-Methy/-3-heptanone) Ethyl benzene Ethyl bromide Ethyl butyl ketone (3-Heptanone) Ethyl chloride Ethylene chlorohyerin Ethylenediamine (3,2:Diaminoethane) Ethylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloroethane) Ethylene glycol Ethylene glyco! dinitrate Ethylene oxide Ethylenimine Ethyl ether (Diethy ether) Ethyl formate Ethylidene norbornene Ethyl mercaptan (Ethanethiol) N-Ethyimorpholine Ethyl silicate 1000 100 50 1000 10 10 0.05 08 400 02 10 606 233, 05 04 ot 10 10 10 ot ot 566 16 o4 1880 78 a4 8 27 1440 20 92 131 434 22 234 2640 25 40 0.31 18 0.88 1210 3203 13 24 85 127 1520 25Fenamiphos Fensulfothion Fenthion Ferbam Ferrovanadium dust Fibrous glass dust Fluorides, as F Fluorine Fonofos Formaldehyde Formamide Formic acid Furfural Furfury! alcohol Gasoline Germanium tetrahydride Glutaraldehyde Glycerin mist Giycidol(2,3-Epoxy-t-propano!) Grain dust (oat, wheat, barley) Graphite, respirable dust Hafrium Halothane Heptachlor and Heptachlor epoxide Heptane Hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorobuts iene Hexachlorocyc. pentadiene Hexachloroethane Hexachloronaphthalene Hexafluoroacetone Hexamethylene diisocyanate 1,6-Hexanediamine Hoxane (n-Hexane) Other isomers sec-Hexyl acetate Hexylene glycol Hycrazine Hydrogenated terphenyls. Hydrogen bromide Hydrogen chloride Hydrogen cyanide Hydrogen fluoride Hydrogen peroxide Hydrogen selenide Hydrogen sulfide Hydroquinone (Dinydroxy benzene) 2-Hydroxypropyl acrylate Indene 400 0.02 0.01 o4 0.005 05 60 500 ot o4 02 10 10 25 16 o4 18 94 79 40 290 0.63 10 76 05 404 0.05 1640 0.025 0.21 ott a7 02 0.68 0.034 23 176 1760 295 0.13 016 14 28 48Indium and compounds, as In lodine lodoform Iron oxide dust and fume, as Fe Iron pentacarbonyl, as Fe Iron salts, soluble, as Fe Isoamyl acetate Isoamyl alcohol Isobutyl acetate Isobuty| alcohol Isooctyl alcohol Isophorone Isophorone diisocyanate Isoproproxyethanol Isopropyl acetate Isopropyl alcohol Isopropylamine Nelsopropylaniline Isopropyl ether Isopropyl! alycidyl ether (IGE) Kaolin, respirable dust Ketene Lead, inorganic dusts and fumes, as Pb Lead arsenate Lead chromate asPb as Cr Lindane Lithium hydride LP. (Liguified petroleum gas) Magnesite Magnesium oxide fume Malathion Maleic anhydride Manganese, as Mn Dust and compounds Fume Manganese cyclopentadienyltricarbonyi, as Mn Mercury Alkyl compounds Aryl compounds Inorganic forms including metallic mercury Mesity! oxide Methacrylic acid ‘Methanol (Methyl alcoho!) Methomyl ‘Mathoxychlor 2-Methyoxyethanol (EGME) 100 100 150 50 50 0.005 16 20 200 532 361 713, 152 266 0.085 106 1040 983 12 4 1040 238 0.86 0.48 0.18 0.05 0.012 0s 0.025 1800 10 10 10 10 of 0.01 on 0.025 70 262 25 10 16 310 75 18 0.03 100 3282-Methoxyethyl acetate (Ethylene glycol methyl 5 24 - - ‘ethyl acetate, EGMEA) 4-Methoxyphenol = 5 - = Methy| acetate 200 606 250 787 Methyl acetylene (Propyne) 1000 1640 = — Methyl acetylene-propadiene mixture 1000 1640 1250 2050 (MAPP) Methyl acrylate 10 36 = - Methylacrylonitrile 1 27 - = Methylal (Dimethoxymethane) 1000 3110 - = Methylamine 5 64 6 19 Methyl n-amy! ketone (2-Heptanone) 50 233 — = N-Methyl aniline 05 22 - - Methy! bromide 5 19 - = Methyltert butyl ether 40 144 = - Methyl n-buty! ketone (2-Hexanone) 5 20 - — Meth! chioride 50 103 100 207 Methyl 2-cyanoacrylate 2 9a 4 18 Methylcyclohexane 400 1610 - - Methyleyclohexanol 50 234 = = O-Methyicyclohexanone 50 229 75 344 2-Methyleyclopentadieny! manganese - 02 = - tricarbonyl, as Mn Methyl demeton = 05 - - Methylene bisphenyl isocyanate (MDI, Dipheny! 0.005 0.051 - - methane diisocyanate) Methylene chioride (Dichloromethane) 50 414 - - 4,4”-methylene bis (2-chloroaniline) 0.01 on - - [Moca] Methylene bis 0.005 0.054 - - (4-cyclo-hexytisocyanate) 4.,4'-Methylene dianiline ot ost - = Methyl ethyl ketone 200 590 300 885 (MEK, 2-Butanone) Methyl ethyl ketone peroxide = - 02 15 Methy! formate 100 246 150 368 Methyl hydrazine - - 02 0.38 Methy! iodide 2 12 - - Methyl iscamyi ketone 50 234 = = Methyl isobuty! carbinol 25 104 40 167 (Methyl amyl alcohol) Methyl isobutyl ketone (Hexone) 50 205 75 307 Methyl isocyanate 0.02 0.047 - - Methyl isopropyl ketone 200 705 = - Methyl mercaptan (Methanethiol) 05 0.98 = = Methyl methacrylate 100 410 ~ - Methyl parathion - 02 - - Methyl propyl ketone (2-Pentanone) 200 708 250 881 Methyl! silicate 1 6 = = Methyl styrene 50 242 100 483Metribuzin Mevinphos (Phosdrin) Mica, respirable dust Mineral wool fiber Molybdenum, as Mo Soluble compounds Insoluble compounds Monocrotophos Morphotine Naled (Dimethyl-1,2-cibromo-2,2 dichloroethyl phosphate) Naphtha Naphthalene Nickel Metal Insoluble compounds, as Ni ‘Soluble compounds, as Ni Nickel carbonyl, as Ni Nickel sulfide, as Ni Nicotine Nitrapyrin (2-Chloro-6-(trichloromethy!) pyridine) Nitric acid Nitric oxide p-Nitroaniline Nitrobenzene p-Nitrochlorobenzene Nitroethane Nitrogen dioxide Nitrogen trifluoride: Nitraglyeerin (NG) Nitromethane 4-Nitropropane 2.Nitropropane Nitrotoluene Nitrous oxide Nonane Nuisance particulates (Octachloronaphthalene Octane il Mist, mineral Osmium tetroxide, as Os COxalic acid ‘Oxygen difluoride ‘Ozone Paraffin wax fume Paraquat Total dust Respirable dust 20 300 10 25 ot 100 10 0.05 0.25 nm 1370 52 1 1 on 0.12 1 05 10 52 31 S 5 0.64 307 56 29 0.46 50 a 36 " 90 1050 10 on 1400 5 0.0016 1 2 0s on 378 0.0006 0.05 ot 03 1750 10 0.0047 2 ont 0.20Parathion Pentaborane Pentachloronaphthalene Pentachloronitrobenzene Pentachlorophenol Pentaerythritol Pentane Perchioroethylene (Tetrachloroethylene) Perchloromethy! mercaptan Perchloryl fluoride Perfluoroisobutylene Perite Phenol Phenothiazine Phenylenediamine Phenyl ether Phenyl glycidyl ether (PGE) Phenyinydrazine Phenyl mercaptan Phenylphosphine Phorate Phosgene Phosphine Phosphoric acid Phosphorus Phosphorus oxychloride Phosphorus pentachloride Phosphorus pentasulfide Phosphorus trichloride Phthalic anhydride m-Phthalodinitrile Picloram Picric acid (2,4,6-Trinitrophenol) Pindone (2-Pivalyi-1,3-indandione) Piperazine dihydrochloride Platinum Metal Soluble salts, as Pt Portland cement Potassium cyanide Potassium hydroxide Propargyl alcohol -Propiolactone Propionic acid Propoxur n-Propyl acetate 'n-Propyl alcohol 0.02 200 200 470 170 0.76 13 on 06 04g 23 0.05 0.40 0.42 ot 0.63 0.85 14 64 10 ot ot 0.002 10 23 18 30 0s 835 492Propylene dichloride (1,2-Dichloropropane) Propylene alyco! dinitrate Propylene glycol monomethyl ether Propylene imine Propylene oxide (1,2-Epoxypropane) 1n-Propyl nitrate Pyrethrum Pyridine Quinone Resorcinol Rhodium Metal Insoluble compounds, as Rh Soluble compounds, as Rh Ronnel Rotenone Rouge ‘Selenium and compounds, as Se Selenium hexafluoride Sesone Sllica-Amorphous Diatomaceous earth (uncaicined) Precipitated silica Silica, fume, respirable dust Silica, fused, respirable dust Silica gel Silica-Crystalline Cristobalite, respirable dust Quartz, respirable dust Tridymite, respirable dust Tripoli, respirable dust Silicon Silicon carbide Silicon tetrahydride Silver Metal Soluble compounds, as Ag Soapstone Respirable dust Total dust Sodium azide as Hydrazoic acid vapour Sodium bisulfite Sodium cyanide Sodium fluoroacetate Sodium hydroxide Sodium metabisulfite Starch 75 0.05 400 347 034 369 a7 48 107 16 0.44 45 0.01 10 10 02 0.16 10 10 10 on 10 0.05 on 0.05 ot 10 40 66 O41 0.01Stearates = 10 - - Stibine on 051 - - Stoddard solvent 100 525 - - Strontium chromate — 0.0005 = = Strychnine = 0.15 = = Styrene, monomer 50 213 400 426 (Phenyiethylene, vinyl benzene) Subtisins - - = 0.00006 Sucrose - 10 - - Suifometuron methyl — 5 — - Sulfotep = 02 - - Sulfur dioxide 2 52 5 13 Sulfur hexafluoride 1000 5970 = - Sutfuric acid — 1 - 3 Sulfur monochioride = - 1 55 Sulfur pentafluoride = - 0.01 0.10 Sulfur tetrafluoride - - o4 0.44 Suifury! fluoride 5 2 10 42 Sulprofos - 1 = = Tale _ 2 - = Tantalum, metal and oxide, as Ta - 5 - - Tellurium and compounds, as Te = on = - Tellurium hexafluoride 0.02 0.10 = - Temephos - 10 - - Terephthalic acid = 10 - = TEPP. 0.004 0.047 _ = Terphenyis = — 0.53 5 4,1,1,2-Tetrachloro-2,2-difluoroethane 500 4170 - = 4,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-1,2-difluoroethane 500 4170 = - 1.1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 1 69 — = Tetrachloronaphthalene = 2 - - Tetraethy! lead, as Pb = 4 - = Tetrahydrofuran 200 590 250 737 Tetramethyl lead, as Pb = 0.15 = = Tetramethy! succinonitrile 05 28 - - Tetranitromethane 0.008, 0.04 - - Tetrasodium pyrophosphate - 5 - - Tetry!(2,4,8-Trinitropheny! methyinitrarine) = 15 = - Thallium, elemental and soluble compounds, - on - = asTi 4.4'Thiobis (6-tert-butyl-m-cresol) - 10 = = Thioalycolic acid 1 38 - i Thioy! chloride - = 1 49 Thiram & 4 - = Tin Metal = 2 - - Oxide inorganic compounds, as Sn - 2 = - Organic compounds, as Sn = ot - 02 Titanium dioxide = 10 = =Toluene (Toluol) 50 188 - = Toluene-2,4-diisocyanate (TDI) 0.005 0.036 0.02 ond Toluidine 2 88 - - Tributyl phosphate 02 22 - - Trichloroacetic acid 1 67 = = 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene - = 5 a7 4,A-Trichloroethane (Methyl chloroform) 350 1910 450 2460 4,4,2-Trichloroethane 10 58 - - Trichloroethylene 50 268 100 537 Trichlorofluoromethane. = = 1000 5620 Trichloronaphthalene = 5 = - 4,2,3-Trichloropropane 10 60 - - 4,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-triuoroethane 1000 7670 1250 9590 Triethanolamine = 5 - - Triethylamine 1 aa 5 207 Trituorobromomethane 1000 6090 - = ‘Trimetitic anhydride - = - 0.04 Trimethylamine 5 2 15 36 Trimethy| benzene 25 123 = = Trimethy! phosphite 2 10 - ~ 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) = 05 - - Triorthocresyl phosphate = ot - - Triphenyl amine - 5 - = Triphenyl phosphate - 3 - ~ Tungsten, as W Insoluble compounds - 5 = 10 Soluble compounds - 1 - 3 Turpentine 400 566 - - Uranium Soluble & Insoluble compounds, as U - 02 - 06 n-Valeraldehyde 50 176 - = ‘Vanadium pentoxide Respirable dust or furne - 0.05 - - ‘Vegetable oil mists - 10 - - Vinyl acetate 10 35 15 53 Vinyl bromide 5 2 - - Vinyl chloride (Chioroethylene) 5 3 - - 4-Vinyl cyclohexene on 04 - = Vinyl cyclohexene dioxide 10 87 - - Vinylidene chloride 5 20 20 79 (1,1-Dichloroethylene) : Vinyl toluene 50 242 100 483 Warfarin - ot - — Welding fumes - 5 - - Wood dust Hard wood - 1 - - Soft wood - 5 - 10 xylene 100 434 150 651 m-Xylene —4-diamine - - - on Xylidine (dimethylaminabenzene) 08 28 — —Yitrium metal and compounds, as Y — 1 - = Zine chloride fume = 1 - 2 Zine chromates, as Cr = 0.01 - = Zinc oxide Fume - 5 = 10 Dust = 10 ~ = Zirconium and compounds, as Zr ~ 5 = 10 Note: (a) ppm means parts of the substance per million parts of contaminated air by volume; (b) mg/m * means milligrammes of the substance per cubic metre of contaminated air.ANNEX B ELEMENTS OF SAFETY, FIRE PREVENTION AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT SYSTEM IN WORK SITES Safety policy, including the allocation and delegation of responsibility for safety. Safe work practices. Safety training. Group meetings. Incident investigation and analysis. In-house safety rules and regulations. Safety promotion. Asystem for the evaluation, selection and control of contractors. 9 Safety inspections. 10 Amaintenance regime. 11 Risk Assessment. 12 Control of movement and use of hazardous chemicals. 13. Occupational health programmes. 14 Emergency preparedness ONATDRWN