Hng dn s

dng LaTeX
1.

Gii thiu
u LaTeX

1.1 Xut X
Tinn thn l TeX, m
mt ngn ng nh dng vn bn
n do Donald Knuth pht minh,
minh rt
kh s dng.
LaTex, cc pht minh bi
b Leslie Lamport, da trn TeX nhng
ng dd s dng hn.
Ngy nay LaTeX c
s dng rng ri trong cng ng
ng khoa hc
h v tip tc nhn
c nhiu s ng
ng gp, b
b sung tnh nng.

1.2 u im
m v khuy
khuyt im
Khuyt im:
vn bn trong lc ang

Khng trcc quan sinh ng, khng thy c nh dng caa v
son tho
t chuyn i

Phi thc hinn thao tc

S rt vt v nu
u mun
mu kt hp nhiu kiu nh dng phc tpp vo trong cng ttp tin
LaTeX (nh ti liu hng dn thc hnh bn ang xem)
u im:
nh dng vn bn u, chuyn nghip.
nh dng
ng cng thc
th ton, m ngun lp trnh, ch mc, mc lc, ph lc, ti liu
tham kho d dng

1.3 Cu
u trc chung ca
c mt tp tin LaTeX

Phn chnh gi
a \documentclass{} v \begin{document}
begin{document} gi l phn m u
(preamble). Mt s lnh nh dng vn bn nm trong phnn ny.

Trong , phn documentclass cho bit ta ang son tho loi vn bn no, mt s
loi vn bn cc h
h tr bi LaTeX:

\documentclass
documentclass {###}

Loi vn bn
n

article
report

bi bo khoa hc, bo co (ngn),

n),
vn bn gm nhiu chng:
ng: bo co (y
(
), sch
(nh), lun vn
sch
k yu hi ngh
trnh chiu
th t

book
proc
slides
letter

Ngoi ra, trong ph

phn documentclass ta cn c th thit lp mt s nh dng chung
cho ton vn bnn nh
nh l:

\documentclass
documentclass [***] {###}
10pt, 11pt,
a4paper, letterpaper,
titlepage, notitlepage
onecolumn, twocolumn
landscape
fleqn
leqno

2.

ngha
kch thc ch
kh giy
cha 1 trang lm trang ba
vn bnn trnh by thnh 1 ho
hoc 2 ct
kh giy nm ngang
cng thc khoa hc nm
m bn tri thay v gia
s th t ca cc cng thc
c khoa hc
h nm bn
tri thay v bn phi

Son thoo LaTeX bng

b
MikTeX

2.1 Ci t chng
ng trnh MikTeX
2.2 Bin dch tp
p tin .tex sang tp tin .pdf

Yu cu thc hnh: Sinh vin s

s dng chng trnh MikTeX nhp
p vo on vn bn
trn v bin dch
ch thnh file pdf xem kt qu.

3.

nh dng th

3.1 n tp l thuytt
Cu trc chung ca mtt l th:
th

Lu :

Cc khong trng hay du

d xung dng ty tin trong tp tin .tex s
s khng c hin th

hin th cc k t c bit nh &, #, $, %, {, th phi c duu \ ng trc

3.2 Bi tp mu
Tp tin lin quan: Letter.tex
Yu cu thc hnh
STT

Thi gian

Yu cu

5 pht

Vit tip l th th 2 tr li li l th th 1

4.

Gi
Vit tip vo cui tp
tin Letter.tex

nh dng bi bo khoa hc

Cc tp tin lin quan: Article.tex, Article.toc

Yu cu thc hnh
STT

Thi gian

3 pht

2.1

3 pht

2.2

3 pht

3.1

7 pht

3.2

3 pht

4.1

5 pht

4.2

3 pht

5.1

3 pht

5.2

3 pht

5.3

5 pht

Yu cu
Gi
Bin dch ra file pdf v xem cu
Bm Ctrl T
trc ca mt bi bo khoa hc
Phn thng tin tc gi
Thm vo thng tin tc gi th 2 s dng lnh \and
Thm hoc b thng tin v ngy
dng lnh \date
hin ti
Phn tm tt ni dung
Trong LaTeX khng c sn
To mt lnh mi cho phn Lit lnh ny nn phi dng lnh
k t kha
\newcommand khai bo mt
lnh mi t tn l \Keyword
Thm phn Lit k t kha, dng Dng lnh \Keyword va to
lnh va to trong phn 3.1
trong phn 3.1
Phn ni dung chnh
c phn ni dung chnh
Thay i cp nh s th t
\setcounter{secnumdepth}{}
cho phn ni dung
Phn mc lc
To mc lc cho vn bn
\tableofcontents
Thay i cp trong phn Mc
\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}
lc
Thm phn Ti liu tham kho
\addcontentsline{toc}{}{}
vo trong Mc lc

5.

nh dng ta

5.1 n tp l thuyt
Ta c th vit ring mt s phn trong mt tp tin .tex ring ri dng lnh \input{}
ni tp tin vo. V d to mt tp tin ta ring t tn l title.tex ri thm n
vo mt tp tin khc tn l Test_Title.tex.
Trong phn ta , ta thng s dng cc hiu ng hnh nh thm phn bt mt
nh l:
thay i c ch: \huge, \LARGE,\large
thay i kiu ch: \textsc, \emph, \bfseries,
thm hnh nh: \usepackage{graphicx} v \includegraphic

5.2 Bi tp mu
Cc tp tin lin quan: Test_Title.tex, title.tex
Yu cu thc hnh
STT

Thi gian

2 pht

3 pht

5 pht

6.

Gi
Thay i ga tr
Thay i dy ca ng nm ngang
linewidth trong file
Test_Title.tex
Thay i gi tr trong
Thay i ln ca khong cch sau khi
phn \\[...] trong tp tin
xung dng
title.tex
Dng
lnh
Thay i hnh minh ha
\includegraphics
Thm thng tin tc gi th 4 nh hnh sau

5 pht

Yu cu

Dng lnh \minipage

thm vo tc gi th
4

nh dng trang

6.1 n tp l thuyt
Kch thc trang (Page size)

S dng th vin geometry cho php ta la chn nhiu kiu nh dng kch thc
trang c sn:

Ngoi ra, th
vin
vi geometry cho php ta t do xc nh
nh kch th
thc trang v:

Nu mun,, ta cng
c c th nh dng chi tit hn na:

Tiu u
u trang v cui
cu trang (Header v Footer)
S dng th vin fancyhdr cho php ta to tiu u v cuii trang nhiu v tr:
Header
Footer
\lhead [trang chn]
ch {trang l} \lfoot [trang chn] {trang ll}
\chead [trang chn]
ch
{trang l} \cfoot [trang chn] {trang l}
l
\rhead [trang chn]
ch
{trang l} \rfoot [trang chn] {trang l}
l

V tr
bn tri
chnh gia
bn phi

Trong , th vinn fancyhdr h tr sn mt s lnh:

Mt
t ss lnh c sn
\thepage
\leftmark
\
\rightmark
\thesection

ngha
S th t trang hin ti
Tiu chng
ng (book chapter)
mc (article section)
S th t mcc (section number)

Chia ctt (Column)

Nu ch cn
n chia vn
v bn thnh 2 ct n gin:
\documentclass[twocolumn]{article}
{article}
Nu munn chia nhi
nhiu ct hn ta s dng th vin multicol
Chia cc ti
t 10 ct
S lng ct mi phn c th khc nhau, nh dng
ng khc nhau
nh dng
ng ng

phn cch gia cc ct

Hng trang (Orientation)

Mc nh l hng thng ng (portrait), nu mun chnh hng nm ngang
(landscape) cho tt c trang th thm v tham s sau:
\usepackage [,landscape,] {geometry}
Nu ch cn mt s trang nm ngang thi th dng th vin

\usepackage {pdflscape}
Khung vn bn (Minipage)
Ging vi khung vn bn (textbox) trong MSWord, s dng lnh:
\begin{minipage} [so_hng] { rng}
so_hng:
t: canh theo dng u tin trong khung
b: canh theo dng cui cng trong khung
Mt s nh dng khc
\newline hoc \\: xung dng
\linebreak [number]: ngt dng ngay ti v tr chn lnh ny. number t 0
(khng ngt c th thi) n 4 (ngt lin ti ch).
\newpage: sang trang mi
\newpage [number]: xung dng
\nopagebreak [number]: khng cho php ch ny xung dng

6.2 Bi tp mu
Cc tp tin lin quan: Page_Layout.tex, Minipage.tex
Yu cu thc hnh

STT

Thi gian

5 pht

5 pht

3 pht

Yu cu
Thay i kch thc trang
To tiu u v cui trang
cho cc trang chn v l khc
nhau
Thay i dy ca ng
phn cch tiu u v cui
trang

3 pht

Chia on vn bn c sn thnh
10 ct, dy ng phn cch
gia cc ct l 1pt

3 pht

Chnh hng trang nm ngang

cho tt c trang trong tp tin

Gi
S dng th vin geometry vi
cc tham s khc nhau
S dng th vin fancyhdr, ch
mt s loi vn bn thuc
dng 1 mt (article)
Thay i dy ng phn
cch bng lnh \headrulewidth
v \footrulewidth
S dng th vin multicolum
chia ct v lnh \columnseprule
xc nh dy ca ng
phn cch
Sng dng lnh th vin
geometry v truyn tham s

7.

Page_Layout
landscape
Trong tp tin Minipage.tex,
canh cho dng cui cng trong Chnh tham s cho minipage
khung vn bn ngay hng vi thnh b (bottom)
cc dng vn bn khc

3 pht

nh dng on vn

7.1 n tp l thuyt
Chnh khong cch gia cc on, gia cc dng trong on vn bn

Khong cch gia cc on

\setlength{\parskip}{gi_tr_khong_cch}

Khong cch li u dng

\setlength{\parindent}{gi_tr_khong_cch}

Khong cch gia cc dng: \usepackage{setspace}

\setstretch{1.6}
\doublespacing
Canh l cho on vn bn
Canh l
Canh u hai bn
Canh gia
Canh tri
Canh phi

Environment

Cu lnh

\begin{center} \end{center}
\begin{flushleft} \end{flushleft}
\begin{flushright} \end{flushright}

\centering{}
\raggedright{}
\raggedleft{}

To danh sch
1. To danh danh sch nh s

\begin{enumerate}
\item
\item
\end{enumerate}
2. Thay i cch nh s th t

\renewcommand{\theenum}{kiu_s{cp_}}

\renewcommand{\labelenum}{\theenum}
trong :

kiu_s
\arabic
\alph
\Alph
\roman
\Roman

V d
1, 2, 3,
a, b, c,
A, B, C,
i, ii, iii,
I, II, III,

cp_
enumi
enumii
enumiii

Ghi ch
Danh sch cp 1
Danh sch cp 2
Danh sch cp 3

To danh danh sch ch mc

\begin{itemize}
\item
\item
\end{itemize}

To danh sch s dng k t c bit

\renewcommand{\labelitemi}{k_t}
Th vin pifont h tr rt nhiu k t c bit la chn, dng lnh
\ding{m_k_t}. Xem trong tp tin Special Character - Pifont Wikibooks.png chn la cc m k t.
V d:

\usepackage{pifont}

\renewcommand{\labelitemi}{\ding{m_k_t}}
Ch thch vn bn
Dng lnh: <t mun ch thch>\footnote{ni dung ch thch}

To siu lin kt

Dng th vin url, v d:

\url{www.}

Dng th vin hyperref, cho php dng cm t thay th cho on a ch di

ngon, v d:
\href{www}{Cm t i din}

Mc nh s c khung mu bao quanh on siu lin kt, ta c th thay i nh

dng siu lin kt bng th vin hyperref:

\usepackage{hyperref}
\hypersetup{danh_sch_tham_s, pdftex}
trong , danh_sch_tham_s c th c mt hoc nhiu tham s sau, mi tham s
cch nhau du phy

tham s
colorlinks=
urlcolor=
linkcolor=

Ghi ch
true nu khng mun c khung bao quanh
false th s c khung bao quanh
mu ca nhng siu lin kt n trang web, v
d red, green, blue, magenta,
mu ca nhng siu lin kt khc, v d red,
green, blue, magenta,

Trch dn nguyn vn

Trch dn nhng cu ngn

\begin{quote} \end{quote}

Trch dn on vn

\begin{quotation} \end{quotation}
Gi ng vn bn gc
Thng dng trnh by cc cu lnh, cc k t c bit trong vn bn:

\begin{verbatim} \end{verbatim}
hoc

\verb$...$

c th thay k t $ bng k t bt k

7.2 Bi tp mu
Tp tin lin quan: Paragraph.tex
Yu cu thc hnh

STT
1

Thi gian
3 pht

5 pht

3.1

5 pht

Yu cu
Thay i khong cch gin dng
Canh l on vn bng cch dng
lnh
Danh sch
To danh sch con cp 2 nh sau:

Gi
Dng th vin setspace
Dng cch lnh \centering,
\raggedleft, \raggedright
\begin{enumerate}

1. Hc son tho vn bn phi bit:

(a) Word, Writer, Docs
(b) LaTeX
2. i hc th phi:
(a) Hc bi
(b) Lm bi

3.2

7 pht

3 pht

5.1

3 pht

5.2

5 pht

Dng cp lnh
Thay i cch nh s th t trong
\renewcommand
danh sch nh sau:
{\theenumi}
I/ Hc son tho vn bn cn bit:
{\Roman{enumi}/}
A: Word, Writer, Docs
\renewcommand
B: LaTeX
{\labelenumi}
II/ i hc th phi:
{\theenumi}
A: Hc bi
thay i danh sch cp 1.
B: Lm bi
Tng t cho cp 2.
Thm vo mt ch thch vn bn
\footnote{}
Siu lin kt
i tn vn bn thay th trong cu
lnh to siu lin kt bng \href
nh dng li cc siu lin kt:
khng c khung bao quanh
i mu siu lin kt n trang
\usepackage{hyperref}
web thnh mu
\hypersetup{}
i mu siu lin kt n phn
ch thch vn bn (footnote)
thnh mu xanh dng

8.

\item
\begin{enumerate}
\item
\end{enumerate}
\end{enumerate}

nh dng bng biu

8.1 n tp l thuyt
To bng biu
\begin{tabular}[canh_chiu_dc]{nh_dng_}

canh_chiu_dc: canh theo chiu dc

b
c
t

pha di ca
chnh gia (mc nh)
pha trn ca

nh_dng_: xc nh mt s c im cho bng biu

l
c

canh u bn tri
canh u chnh gia

r
| hoc ||

canh u bn phi
cnh ca bng biu dng n hoc i

Xc nh rng ca mt trong bng

Mc nh, rng ca ty thuc vo vn bn trong . Tuy nhin ta c th c nh
rng ca , khi , vn bn trong nu di hn chiu rng ca s t ng xung
dng. V d:

\begin{tabular} { | l | l | l | p{5cm} |}
To nhiu ct ging nhau
Ta c th to nhiu ct c nh dng ging nhau theo c php:

\begin{tabular} { *{s_lng_ct} {nh_dng_} }

Trn cc trn nhiu ct
\multicolumn {s_c} {canh_l} {ni dung}
V d:
\begin{tabular}{| c | c | c | c |}

\multicolumn {2} {| c |} {}

Trn cc trn nhiu dng

S dng th vin

\usepackage {multirow}
\multirow {s_ct} {*} {ni_dung}
C php lnh

\multirow{4}{*}{Defenders}
S dng phn mm h tr to bng

OpenOffice: http://calc2latex.sourceforge.net/
Microsoft Excel: http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/support/excel2latex/
Matlab: http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/4894matrix2latex

V d to bng bng MSExcel 2007:

 Chy tp tin Excel2LaTeX.xla

To bng bng Microsoft Excel
Chn bng mun chuyn i  Add-Ins  Convert table to LaTeX

Mt hp thoi s xut hin, c k v chn la cc thit lp cn thit  Chn

Browse nhp ng dn v tn tp tin lu, v d t tn l Sheet1.tex 
Cui cng bm nt Save to File.

Gi s ta mun nhp bng ny vo tp tin Test.tex (nm cng th mc vi tp

tin Sheet1.tex), trong tp tin Test.tex ta s thm lnh sau:
\input{Sheet1.tex}
Khi bin dch nu c li, nhp vo k t e v bm Enter d li v sa li.
V d nh MikTeX khng hiu lnh \bigsrut th ta xa n i ri bin dch li.

 Mt lu quan trng l nu khi to bng trong Excel c s dng ting Vit th

khi lu xung tp tin Sheet1.tex s b li. Cch khc phc l bm nt Copy to
the Clipboard  Sau to ra mt tp tin Sheet1.tex trng  Dn ni dung
trong clipboard vo (bm Ctrl V)  Cui cng lu li v s dng bnh
thng.

8.2 Bi tp mu
Cc tp tin lin quan: Table.tex, Excel2LaTeX.xla
Yu cu thc hnh

STT

9.

Thi
gian

10
pht

15
pht

Yu cu

Gi

To tp tin MyTable.tex, trong to bng bng LaTeX

v nh dng theo mu sau:
Xem cc v
d mu trong
tp
tin
Table.tex
Cng
c
excel2latex
khi chuyn
To bng trn bng Excel v dng cng c excel2latex i pht sinh
chuyn i sang tp tin ExcelTable.tex, sau thm mt s li,
bng ny vo tp tin MyTable.tex
cn phi sa
li ri mi
thm
vo
c.

Chn nh v v hnh

9.1 n tp l thuyt
Chn nh
\usepackage{graphicx}
\begin{figure}[h]

\includegraphics[thuctnh1=, thuctnh2=, ] {tn_tp_tin_nh}

\end{figure}
Thuc tnh = Gi tr

Ch thch

width = xx

Chiu rng nh = xx pt, in, mm,

height = xx

Chiu cao nh = xx pt, in, mm,

keepaspectratio = xx

nu mun gi nguyn t l gia chiu

rng v chiu cao th thay xx bng
true, ngc li l false

scale = xx

phng to, thu nh t l xx

angle = xx

xoay trn 1 gc xx

V hnh
\usepackage{picture}
\begin{picture}
(0,0)
%Xc nh im lm gc ta
\put(honh_, tung_){i_tng}

\end{picture}

9.2 Bi tp mu
Tp tin lin quan: Graphic.tex
Yu cu thc hnh

STT
1

Thi gian
5 pht

3 pht

Yu cu
Ch thch nh cho nh 1 v nh 2
Canh cho tm
im ngay con
mo

10. Ch thch, gn nhn v tham chiu cho

10.1 n tp l thuyt
Ch thch cho hnh nh
\begin{figure}

\caption [vn bn rt gn] { vn bn ch thch }

\label{}

Gi
\caption
Thay i to trong
lnh \put{circle}

\end{figure}
Ch thch cho hnh nh, bng biu
\begin{table}

\caption [vn bn rt gn] { vn bn ch thch }

\label{}

\end{table}
To danh sch hnh nh
S dng lnh \listoffigures s to ra danh sch hnh nh trong ng thi to ra file
xxx.lof. Mi ln mun chnh sa li danh sch ny cn xa tp tin ny trc.

To danh sch bng biu

S dng lnh \listoftables s to ra danh sch hnh nh trong ng thi to ra file
xxx.lot. Mi ln mun chnh sa li danh sch ny cn xa tp tin ny trc.

Gn nhn
\label{nhn}
Qui c:

Khi gn nhn cho nh, nhn nn bt u bng figure: hoc hnh:

Gn nhn cho bng biu, nhn nn bt u bng table: hoc bng:
Gn nhn cho phng trnh ton hc: equation: hoc phngtrnh:
Gn nhn cho chng, mc, nn bt u bng chapter:.., section: hoc
chng:, phn:

To tham chiu cho ti cc nhn gn

\ref{nhn}
: tham chiu n mt nhn
\pageref{nhn}: tham chiu n trang cha nhn

10.2 Bi tp mu
Tp tin lin quan: Figures_Labels.tex, Figures_ Labels.lof, Figures_ Labels.lot
Yu cu thc hnh

STT
1

Thi gian
5 pht

Yu cu
To danh sch hnh nh v bng biu

Gi
\listoffigures

5 pht

3
4

3 pht
3 pht

3 pht

\listoftables
B cc on ch thch rt gn trong du
[] ca lnh \caption v to li danh sch
hnh nh.
Thm phn tham chiu n mt nh
\ref {figure:}
Thm phn tham chiu n mt trang
\pageref{}
Thm phn tham chiu n mt chng,
\ref{section:}
mc

11. nh dng ch
11.1 n tp l thuyt
Mt vi nh dng c bn
(Xem thm trong bi tp mu)

Mt s k t c bit

11.2 Bi tp mu

 Tp tin lin quan: Format_Characters.tex

Yu cu thc hnh

STT

Thi gian

15 pht

Yu cu
Thc hin li cc nh dng c bn

Gi
Dng cc lnh trong
phn Mt vi nh
dng c bn.

12. nh dng kiu ch

12.1 n tp l thuyt
Cc thng s c bn ca phng ch:

encoding: b k t c trong mt phng ch

family: phng ch
series: hnh dng ch, vd: m va, hp, m v tha
shape: hnh dng ch, vd: in nghin, in hoa
size: kch thc ch, thng tnh bng n v pt

chn thay i nh dng ch, ta cn thay i cc thng s sau:

Cu lnh
\fontencoding { b_m_k_t }
\fontfamily { tn_phng_ch }
\fontseries { hnh_dng_ch }
\fontshape { hnh_dng_ch }
\fontsize { c_ch }
\linespread { h_s_gin_dng }

Cc gi tr
cmr, cmss, cmtt, ptm, phv, pcr
b, m
up, sl, it, sc
12pt, 24pt,
1, 1.3, 1.6,

V d 1: Thay i kiu ch cho mt on vn bn bng lnh \selectfont

\fontfamily{pcr}
\fontseries{it}
\selectfont
Ni dung on vn bn.
V d 2: Thay i phng ch mc nh cho ton b vn bn

\renewcommand {\rmdefault} {tn_phng_ch}

Mt s lnh nh dng kiu ch
Kiu ch
Cu lnh
Hnh dng ch \textup{}, \textit{}, \textsl{}, \textsc{}
\upshape{}, \itshape{}, \slshape{}, \textsc{}

Hnh dng ch
C ch

\textmd{}, \textbf{}
\mdseries{}, bfseries{}
\tiny, \scriptsize, \footnotesize, \small, \normalsize,
\large, \Large,\LARGE, \huge, \HUGE

B sung phng ch mi
T thc hin
Ln trang http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts tm phng ch v th vin
tng ng
Ti gi th vin tng ng v my
Ci t theo tp tin hng dn km theo
Dng chc nng Package Management ca LaTeX
Ln trang http://www.tug.dk/FontCatalogue/ tm font ch va (hnh a, b),
trong c tn ca gi th vin h tr loi phng ch ny (hnh c), v d
\usepackage{emerald}.

(a)

(b)

(c)

Thm cu lnh \usepackage{emerald } vo trong tp tin LaTeX v s dng

bnh thng.
Nu trong my khng c sn th vin ny, mt thng bo s xut hin.

Nu my c kt ni Internet, chn Change  Connection Settings v chn

mt ngun no ci t gi th vin trc tip t Internet.

12.2 Bi tp mu
Tp tin lin quan: Font_basic.tex
Yu cu thc hnh

STT

Thi gian

5 pht

Yu cu
Thm vo mt phng ch mi cha c sn
trong LaTeX.
nh dng mt on vn theo yu cu:
phng ch: mi va thm vo
hnh dng ch: in m
hnh dng ch: in nghin
c ch: 17pt
Lu : cc sinh vin phi chn phng ch
khc nhau.

Gi
Sinh vin c th t
tm th vin v t
thm vo hoc dng
chc nng Package
Management
ca
MikTeX nh
hng dn.

13. nh dng ton hc c bn

13.1 n tp l thuyt
\usepackage{amsmath}
Kiu

Lnh y

Lnh ngn gn

Text

\begin{math}...\end{math}

\(...\)
$...$

Displayed

\begin{displaymath}...\end{displaymath}
\begin{equation*}...\end{equation*}

\[...\]

V cc lnh nh dng, cc k hiu v cch g biu thc ton hc trong LaTeX, sinh vin
xem trong phn bi tp mu.

13.2 Bi tp mu
Tp tin lin quan: Math.tex
Yu cu thc hnh

STT

Thi gian

Yu cu

Gi

5 pht

nh dng biu th ton hc nh sau: