SPEECH PROJECTS

SDS-01 SPEECH RECOGNITION USING CEPSTRAL COEFFICIENTS

Speech Recognition is the process of recognizing the word (predefined) spoken by the speaker
on the basis of information included in speech waves. Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC/LPCC) technique
compares the cepstral coefficients generated by speech samples in the training and testing phase.
Furthermore this technique makes it possible to use the speakers voice to verify their identity. This
project is implemented in ADSP 2181 processor.
SDS-02 ADAPTIVE DIFFERENTIAL PULSE CODE MODULATION BASED SPEECH
CODING
The aim of the project is to design an Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation (ADPCM)
for speech or audio compression. It is one of the compression techniques which involves adaptive
predictor to take advantage of the redundancies present in the signals. ADPCM is more efficient to
transmit than PCM. It compares a signal sample with the previous sample and transmits the difference
between the two. This reduces the number of bits needed to reproduce the speech. This project is
implemented in ADSP SHARC processor.
SDS-03 ROBOTIC CONTROL THROUGH SPEECH USING LPCC
To implement Robotic control through speech using Linear Predictive Cepstral Coefficient
(LPCC) technique, the user speaks a command and the corresponding predefined controlling action
will be carried out. The recognized speech is used to control the arm movement with different direction
(right ,left) ,varying heights (up and down) and perform the arm function (pick and place the specified
object) with the help of stepper and dc motors .This project is implemented in ADSP 2181 processor.

SDS-04 ROBUST SPEECH RECOGNITION USING GMM

To implement Speech Recognition using Gaussian Mixture Model(GMM). In this two
approaches of acoustical features and pattern recognition were used. The first method is based on Mel
frequency cepstral coefficient with Gaussian mixture model classifier, and the other is based on LPC
coefficient and reduced dimensional LPC residual with Gaussian mixture model classifier. The
performances of both approaches provides effective speech recognition. This project is implemented in
ADSP 2181 processor.

SDS-05 WAVELET BASED SPEECH COMPRESSION AND DECOMPRESSION

The goal of this project was to design and implement a Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT)
encoder/decoder for low-bit rate speech compression. There is an important need for speech signal
compression over bandwidth-limited channels in areas such as real-time Internet audio and in wireless
communications. For these applications, one wants to produce the smallest signal possible while
tolerating a minimal loss in audible speech quality. This project is implemented in ADSP SHARC
processor.
SDS-06 VOICE ACTIVATED PRINTER CONTROL SYSTEM USING MFCC
To implement voice activated device control system using Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient
(MFCC) algorithm, the user speaks a command and the predefined action will be carried out. The
recognized speech is used to control the specific device like CD player. DSP, which performs speech
processing in order to recognize the users command and perform the corresponding controlling action
with the specific device. This project is implemented in ADSP 2181 processor.
SDS-07 NOISE CANCELLATION SYSTEM USING WAVELET
Adaptive filtering has been used for speech denoising in the time domain. This project aims to
use adaptive filtering in the Wavelet transform domain. It propose a hybrid method of using adaptive
filters on the lower scales of a wavelet transformed speech together with the conventional methods
(Thresholding, Spectral Subtraction, and Wiener filtering) on the higher scale coefficients.

SDS-08

FREQUENCY

TRANSFORMATION

BASED

SECURED

SPEECH

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
The objective of the project is Speech security using Frequency Transformation (FT) technique.
Speech is the most commonly used means of communication by humans. In practical application like
Defense, we should see to it that the speech reaches only the intended listeners, and not others, which
would end up in trouble. Our project aims at designing such a system where in speech is converted to a
form, unrecognizable by a casual listener. The intended receiver would alone be able to interpret the
transformed speech. This project is implemented in ADSP 2181 processor.
SDS-09 SPEECH CODING USING LPC
The objective of the project is to create a voice coding system for low-bit rate transmission,
using Linear Predictive Coding (LPC) technique. LPC technique models the human vocal tract as a
time varying filter. It is based on the concept that a sample is achieved by a linear combination of
Previous (P) samples, where P is a number of filter coefficients. It encodes speech from 64kbps to
5kbps. This project is implemented in TMS320C 5416 and ADSP 2181 processors.

SDS-10 SPEED CONTROL THROUGH SPEECH USING HMM

To implement speed control through speech using Hidden Markov Modeling (HMM), the user
speaks a command and the corresponding predefined controlling action will be carried out. The
recognized speech is used to run the motor with different speed. DSP, which performs speech
processing in order to recognize the users command and perform the corresponding controlling action
that is speed control of the motor . This project is implemented in ADSP 2181 processor.

SDS-11 PRINCIPLE COMPONENT ANALYSIS BASED SPEECH RECOGNITION

The most commonly

used recognition techniques are based on the spectral domain

operation, and then for speech recognition, like MFCC is computed, where DCT is applied to the melscale filter bank output. This paper describes a new Principle Component Analysis (PCA)-based
speech enhancement algorithm using kernel PCA instead of DCT, kernel PCA

improves the

recognition rates higher than the normal MFCC.

AUDIO PROJECTS
SDA-01 ADAPTIVE EQUALIZER FOR DIGITAL SYSTEM
The equalizer aims at the suppression or selection of a particular band of frequency. The audio
signal consists of many instruments played at a time. The user may wish to hear audio of a particular
instrument or to avoid a particular instrument. The particular band of frequencies can be suppressed to
hear audio of all the instruments other than the specific instrument. This can be implemented by
converting the time domain audio signal into frequency domain audio signal. Then the frequency
domain signal is converted into time domain signal, which gives the audio signal with a particular band
suppressed. This project is implemented in 2181 processor (ADSP).

SDA-02 LMS BASED ECHO CANCELLATION SYSTEM

This project aims at canceling the unwanted Echo signals that are generated in the long distance
communication channels. In real time applications like transmission of speech signals over long
telephone channels, the undesirable echo signals are generated. So, a special circuit called the echo
cancellation circuit is required to cancel the unwanted echo signals produced in the channel. The "Echo
Canceller" performs Adaptive Filtering employing the "Least Mean Square (LMS)" algorithm with the
automatically adjustable filter coefficients. This subsequently helps us to retain the original signal. This
project is implemented in 5416 processor (TI)
.

SDA-03 DIGITAL KAROKE

Karaoke is the mixer of voice signal with the audio signal. The audio signal with or without
vocals will be played back and the voice from the microphone is mixed with the audio signal by
suppressing the vocals. The input can be given from any music devices like tape recorder or Walkman
through stereo jack. Similarly the voice is given from a microphone. The voice and audio signals are
mixed in the frequency domain and converted to time domain and transmitted through CODEC. This
project is implemented in SHARC processor (ADSP).
SDA-04 WAVELET DECOMPOSITION FOR AUDIO COMPRESSION
There is an important need for audio signal compression over bandwidth-limited channels in
areas such as real-time Internet audio and in wireless communications. For these applications, one
wants to produce the smallest signal possible while tolerating a minimal loss in audible quality. The
goal of this project was to design and implement a wavelet transform encoder/decoder for audio
compression. This project is implemented in 5416 processor (TI).
SDA-05 MPEG 4 ALS
Although modern lossy coding standards such as MP3 or AAC. These methods are not suitable
for achieving performance. A new emerging standard MPEG-4 ALS introduces an efficient lossless
audio coding that enables the compression of digital data with perfect reconstruction of the original
signal. It employs linear prediction s over the most recent subset of the audio streams to predict the
next stream and encodes the difference between the actual and predicted values.
SDA-06 AUDIO CODING USING PSYCHOACOUSTIC MODELING
This aim is to present a technique to incorporate psychoacoustic models into an adaptive
wavelet packet scheme to achieve perceptually transparent compression of high-quality audio signals.
The filter bank structure adapts according to psychoacoustic criteria and according to the computational
complexity that is available at the decoder. This provides wavelet packets and perceptual coding to
construct an algorithm that is well suited to high-quality audio transfer for Internet and storage
applications. This project is implemented in ADSP SHARC processor.

SDA-07 LSB AUDIO STEGANOGRAPHY

To encrypt an audio file in to an audio without causing any deformation and retrieving the audio
file at the receiver. This project involves embedding an audio in to an audio source file. So that the
information is hidden in the audio source without deforming the source file. This project is
implemented in 2181 processor (ADSP).
SDA-08 AUDIO COMPRESSION USING MDCT
This project aims to implement (MDCT) algorithm to audio compression, specifically used for
the MP3 standard. It is having four primary parts of the compression process, namely the filter bank,
psychoacoustics, quantization, and bit stream formatting. It uses Fast Fourier transform (FFT) in
psychoacoustics and the role of Huffman coding in quantization.
SDA-09 AUDIO SIGNAL PROCESSING FOR MULTI EFFECTS
The objective of this project is to process an audio signal in different ways to get different types
of audio effects like flanging effect, reverberation effect and echo or delay effect and the output is
given to the CODEC. By giving different keyboard interrupt, corresponding effect can be given as the
output to the CODEC. This project is implemented in 5416 processor (TI).
SDA-10 AUDIO WATERMARKING FOR COPYRIGHT PROTECTION OF DIGITAL AUDIO
DATA
The main objective of this project is to embed a data in to an audio signal without degrading the
quality of the audio signal. Here the concept called psycho acoustic model based on the human auditory
system was implemented for water marking. The signal with lower energy lying at the intermediate
frequency is not audible. Here we will be nullifying those low-level energy signals and embedding
some other datas without affecting the nature of the signal. In this project, we will be having two parts.
One will be watermark generation and the next one is watermark embedding. This project is
implemented in 2181 processor (ADSP).

IMAGE PROCESSING PROJECTS

SDI-01 VOTING SYSTEM USING FINGERPRINT

To recognize the finger print pattern and to provide authentication using DSP techniques. Finger
image is captured using sensor and converted to frequency domain to extract features. The features are
then stored in database along with the user details. Extracted features is compared with the already
existing features obtained during the enrollment phase. Then by matching algorithms the fingerprint is
recognized and the user details are displayed This project can be used in Smart Cards and Mobile
Applications. This project is implemented in SHARC (ADSP) processor.
SDI-02 PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF HAAR WAVELET BASED IMAGE COMPRESSION
Digital images require large amount of memory to store and when there is a requirement to
transfer the same through a band limited channel as in the case of internet and wireless communication,
it takes a huge amount of time. The goal of this project was to design and implement a wavelet
transform(Haar Wavelets) encoder/decoder for images. This project aims to investigate the role of
Wavelets in the coding or compression and decoding or decompression of images. This project is
implemented in 5416 (TI) and 6713 (TI) processor.
SDI-03 DATA HIDE AND SEEK TECHNIQUE-STEG ANALYSIS
Steganography, means covered, or secret writing and is a long practical form of hiding
information. Although related to cryptography, they are not the same. Steganographys intent is to hide
the existence of the message, while cryptography scrambles a message so that it cannot be understood.
The goal of steganography is to hide message inside other harmless messages in a way that does not
allow any enemy to even detect that there is a second secret message present. This project is
implemented in 2181 (ADSP) processor.

SDI-04-IMPLEMENTATION OF JPEG2000 STANDARD

This project aims in implementation of JPEG2000 compression standard, which is recognized
as ISO standard. JPEG2000 is designed for compressing either full color or gray scale images of
natural real world scenes. JPEG2000 is lossy and it can be very effectively applied to a 24- bit color
image. By varying the compression parameters we can vary the degree of losses during JPEG2000
compression. This project was implemented in SHARC (ADSP) processor.
SDI-05-DATA COMPRESSION CODER AND DECODER USING TRANSFORM CODING
In sub band coding, a set of low-pass and high-pass filters, known as a filter bank, is used to
split the frequency spectrum into sub bands, which are then quantized separately. The idea is that
different bit rates, or even different quantization schemes, can be used for each sub band, depending on
the statistics of that band. Then the high frequency components are compressed using the run length
encoding.Now the compressed image is given as the input to the reconstruction segment to obtain the
original image back. This project is implemented in SHARC (ADSP) processor.
SDI-06 DCT BASED CONTENT SECURITY SYSTEM USING ADDITIVE ALGORITHM
As multimedia data becomes wide spread, such as on the internet, there is a need to address
issues related to the security and protection of such data. While access restriction can be provided using
electronic keys, they do not offer protection against illegal distribution of such data. Image
watermarking is one approach to managing this problem by encoding user or other copyright
information directly in the data while not restricting access. The proposed scheme distributes the
signature information in the discrete wavelet transform.This project is implemented in SHARC (ADSP)
processor.

SDI-07 VISUAL HALF TONING-MINI PROJECT

The objective of the project is to encrypt an image using secret sharing concept. Visual
Cryptographic Solutions operate on binary or binarized inputs. Therefore, natural images(continuoustone)must be first converted into halftone images to stimulate the gray levels with a binary
representation. Then, halftone version of the input image is used instead of the original information to
produce the shares. The decrypted image is obtained by stacking the shares together. The requirement
of inputs in the binary or dithered nature only limits the applicability of the Visual Cryptography.This
system can be extremely useful for secure information sharing in internet communication, multimedia
systems, medical imaging, military communication, etc. This project is implemented in 5416 (TI)
processor.
SDI-08 DWT BASED SCENE ADAPTIVE COLOR QUANTIZATION
Color quantization is the process of reducing the number of colors in an image. Color
quantization maps a large number of colors into a much smaller number of representative colors while
keeping color distortion to an acceptable level. The project utilizes the discrete wavelet transform to
achieve a computationally efficient implementation of the multi-scale clustering algorithm in a 3D
color space. The performance is evaluated in terms of number of the representative colors. This project
is implemented in 6713 (TI) processor.
SDI-09 HUMAN IDENTIFICATION SYSTEM USING IRIS
Iris recognition,a relatively new biometric technology,has great advantages,such as
variability,stability and security,thus it is the most promising for high security environments. New iris
recognition algorithm is proposed, which adopts independent component analysis(ICA) to extract iris
texture feature and competitive learning mechanism to recognize iris pattern. Experimental results
shows that the algorithm is efficient and adaptive to environment, e.g it works well even for blurred iris
image,variable illumination,and interference of eyelids and eyelashes. This project is implemented in
6713 (TI) processor.

SDI-10 2D D4 - WAVELET TRANSFORM IN IMAGE COMPRESSION

Digital images require large amount of memory to store and when there is a requirement to
transfer the same through a band limited channel as in the case of internet and wireless communication,
it takes a huge amount of time.The goal of this project was to design and implement a wavelet
transform(Daubachies Wavelets) encoder/decoder for images. This project aims to investigate the role
of Wavelets in the coding or compression and decoding or decompression of images. This project is
implemented in 6713 (TI) and 5416 (TI) processor
SDI-11 LOST PIXEL RECOVERY IN WAVELET CODING DOMAIN
To implement the wavelet transform to a lost blocks and analyze the transient so obtained and
finally indicate its application to an image. The aim of the project is to implement the Wavelet
Transform to any time varying signal and analyze the signal obtained and to show the shortcomings of
Fourier Transform. The sharp discontinuities or spikes present in the signal can be viewed due to the
special property of wavelet transforms which is to indicate at what time what frequency is present. The
ultimate goal is to implement its typical and most common application to an image and show excellent
results of compression using wavelets and how information in the image is retained. This project is
implemented in 5416 (TI) processor.
SDI-12 IMAGE WATER MARKING USING WAVELETS
With the increasing use of internet and effortless copying, tempering and distribution of digital
data, copyright protection for multimedia data has become an important issue. Digital watermarking
emerged as a tool for protecting the multimedia data from copyright infringement. In digital
watermarking an imperceptible signal mark is embedded into the host image, which uniquely
identifies the ownership. After embedding the watermark, there should be no perceptual degradation.
These watermarks should not be removable by unauthorized person and should be robust against
intentional and unintentional attacks. Discrete wavelet transform (DWT) based watermarking
techniques are gaining more popularity because DWT has a number of advantages over other transform
such as progressive and low bit-rate transmission, quality scalability and region-of-interest (ROI)
coding demand more efficient and versatile image.This project is implemented in BALCKFIN
BF535(ADSP) processor.

SDI-13 FINGER PRINTING-SECURED TECHNIQUE FOR INTERNET APPLICATIONS

A Homomorphic property of public-key cryptosystems is applied for several cryptographic
protocols, such as electronic cash, voting system, bidding protocols, etc. Several fingerprinting
protocols also exploit the property to achieve an asymmetric system. However, their enciphering rate is
extremely low and the implementation of watermarking technique is difficult.. In this we use
OkamotoUchiyama algorithm. In this project we propose a new fingerprinting protocol applying
additive encryption scheme.. We study the problem of implementation of watermarking technique and
propose a successful method to embed an encrypted information without knowing the plain value. The
security can also be protected for both a buyer and a merchant in our scheme.This project is
implemented in SHARC (ADSP) processor.
SDI-14-COLOR TO GRAY AND BACK:COLOR EMBEDDING IN TO TEXTURE GRAY
IMAGES
In this project we developed a reversible method to convert color graphics and pictures to gray
images. This method is based on mapping colors to low-visibility high-frequency textures that are
applied onto the gray image. After receiving a monochrome textured image, the decoder can identify
the textures and recover the color information. More specifically, the image is textured by carrying a
sub band (wavelet) transform and replacing band pass sub bands by the chrominance signals. The lowpass sub band is the same as that of the luminance signal. The decoder performs a wavelet transform on
the received gray image and recovers the chrominance channels. The aim of our project is to convert
color images to black and white image and to recover the color information in the receiver side. This
project is implemented in SHARC (ADSP) processor.
SDI-15-PRE\POST FILTERING FOR DCT-BASED BLOCK CODING SYSTEMS
Block coding based on the discrete cosine transform (DCT) is very popular in image and video
compression. Pre/post-filtering can be attached to a DCT-based block coding system to improve coding
efficiency as well as to mitigate blocking artifacts. Previously designed pre/post-filters are optimized to
maximize coding efficiency solely. For image and video communication over unreliable channels,
those pre/post-filters are sensitive to transmission errors. This Projects addresses the problem of
designing pre/post-filters which are more error resilient. Reconstruction performance is measured by

how low the average reconstruction error is, and how uniformly the reconstruction error is
distributed.This project is implemented in BALCKFIN BF533(ADSP) processor.
SDI-16-COCKTAIL WATER MARKING FOR SECURE DATA HIDING
Transferring digitized media via the Internet has become very popular in recent Years. However,
this frequent use of the Internet has created a need for security. As a consequence, to prevent
information which belongs to rightful owners from being intentionally or unwittingly used by others,
information protection is indispensable. A commonly suggested method is to insert watermarks into
original information so that rightful ownership can be declared. This is the so-called watermarking
technique. An effective watermarking procedure usually requires satisfaction of a set of typical
requirements. A novel image protection scheme called cocktail watermarking is proposed in this
Project. We analyze and point out the inadequacy of the modulation techniques commonly used in
ordinary spread spectrum watermarking methods and the visual model-based ones.This project is
implemented in BF 535 processor.
SDI-17 NUMBER PLATE RECOGNITION
Due to a huge number of vehicles, modern cities need to establish effectively systems for traffic
management and scheduling. One of the most useful systems is the number Plate Recognition System
which captures images of vehicles and read these plates registration numbers .Our system consists of
three main modules: number plate detection, plate number segmentation, and plate number recognition.
In detection module, we propose an efficient method (sobel edge detector) combining the Hough
transform This method optimizes speed and accuracy in processing images taken from various
positions. The detected information is compared with data base number plate to display the address of
the owner. This project is implemented in BLACKFIN BF535(ADSP) processor.

BIOMEDICAL PROJECTS
SDB-01WAVELET ANALYSIS OF HUMAN RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
The aim of this project is to identify the abnormal breath sounds of diseases like Stridor,
Crackle,and Wheezing using Daubechies wavelets. The stethoscope is still the instrument for such
diagnosis, where the physician is trained to differentiate various breath sounds corresponding to
different diseases. Non-invasive form of diagnosis using fast signal processors is an attractive prospect
today, since they are cost effective and can be used in real time. This project is effectively done by
SHARC (ADSP) Processor.

SDB-02 DSP BASED TIME DOMAIN ECG WAVE ANALYSIS

The aim of the project is to analyse the ECG wave of a human, so that various Cardiac disorders
can be diagnosed. The P,Q,R,S,T are the points which represents different functions of heart. The ECG
wave that has any abnormality in these points is detected by correlating with normal wave and the heart
disorder is detected by comparing the correlation value with threshold value. This project is effectively
done by 2181(ADSP) Processor.

SDB-03 ECG DATA ANALYSIS TO DIAGNOSIS CARDIO VASCULAR DISEASE

The aim of the project is to analyse various diseases related to heart using wavelet transform.
The various diseases diagnosed are Atrial, Atric, Epilepsy.Since the diseases are distinct in their
frequency content wavelet transform serves as effective tool for the analysis at different resolutions.
This project is implemented in SHARC(ADSP) processor.

SDB-04 ENCEPHALON BASED DISEASE DIAGNOSIS

The aim of the project is to analyse various diseases related to brain using wavelet transform.
The various diseases diagnosed are Petitmal, Grandmal, Psycomotor, Succimer. Wavelet transform is
implemented on the various diseased EEG signals and the threshold is calculated for the same.Based on
the threshold values, the diseases are identified and displayed in the PC. This project is implemented in
SHARC(ADSP) processor.

SDB-05 WAVELET SHRINKAGE BASED SINUSOIDAL POWER LINE INTERFERENCE

NOISE REMOVAL IN ECG
Signal degrading by sinusoidal power line interference noise (SPIN) is a problem with ECG
signals. The aim of this project is to remove power line disturbance noise present in ECG signal using
Wavelet shrinkage. The Shrinkage method compares wavelet coefficient with a threshold and is set to
zero if its magnitude is less than the threshold value there by removing the interference noise from the
ECG signal.This project is effectively done by 2181(ADSP) Processor.

ELECTRICAL PROJECTS

SDE-01

Multilevel inverter design

A multi-stage inverter using three-state converters is being analyzed for multipurpose

applications. The great advantage of this kind of converter is the minimum harmonic distortion obtained..
Another configuration with common d c supply . The control of this multi-converter is being implemented
using DSP controllers, which give flexibility to the system.

SDE-02

Power flow monitoring in distribution transformer using DSC

On-line electrical parameters voltage, current, power are monitoring in the distribution

transformer , analyze the power flow in the low tension transformer side and do the load flow analysis,
This project uses signal conditioning circuit for transmitting parameters to the sub-station. This can be
implemented by using digital signal controller.

SDE-03

Variable Frequency inverter

Inverters provide an alternative power source for the electrical appliances during power
blackout and brownouts with the help of a battery. It takes the DC input from the battery and converts it
into a AC power. These inverters operate at a fixed switching frequency and the output power
frequency is also fixed and hence can be used for single application only. To overcome this, an inverter
capable of operating at various frequencies is designed in our project where the output frequency and
switching frequency can be changed by the user through the keyboard when the power is switched off.
This project is implemented using (TI) 2812.

SDE-04

Pick and Place Line Follower Robot Control

The aim of the project is to design and control a pick and place robot which follows the

line. The pick and place action is implemented with the help of Stepper motor and the line follower
action is implemented using DC motor and IR transmitters and receivers. This project involves the
controlling if DC motors and stepper motors using PWM module of the Texas TMS320LF2812A DSC.

SDE-05

On-line Parameters Measuring & Controlling Of AC Induction Motor

This project aims at monitoring the induction motor parameters such as voltage, current,
frequency, speed and torque and also controlling the speed of it from a remote PC .The measured parameters are
displayed through LABVIEW. The speed at which the motor should is input through labliew and based on that
the speed is controlled. This project is implemented using (TI) 2812.

AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS

SDAE-01

CAN Based Industrial Automation

Nowadays, remote control of industrial appliances is possible only for a short distance since
they involve complex circuitry and many wired connections between the appliance and the control
circuit. So, when we need to go for long distance remote control the requirements keeps on increasing.
Here in this project a CAN based industrial automation has been proposed wherein the control
information has been sent through a two wired CAN protocol.This project has been implemented in
TMS320LF2812A.
SDAE-02

CAN Based Car Security System

This project aims at the design of a security system for cars. Here the control of the door
opening system is secured with the help of a password which has been enrolled in a EEPROM and
stored in the ECU (Engine control unit).Also a controller interfaced with a keypad is placed near the
door where the password is typed .This password is transferred to the ECU through CAN bus and is
crosschecked with the enrolled password and if found to be correct the door opens. Else the door
remains closed. This project has been implemented in TMS320LF2812A.
SDAE-03

Automatic Vehicle Speed Management system

This project aims at restricting the speed of the vehicle in restricted zones like schools and
hospitals. Near the school zone a RFID transmitter is placed in the lamp post in road divider and a
RFID receiver is placed inside the vehicles ECU(Engine control unit). Also the speed of the vehicle is
measured by another controller and is transferred to the ECU through the CAN bus. Whenever any
speed information is received from the RFID txer, The ECU checks the speed of the car and compares
it with the RFID value. If found to be greater, the speed gets restricted through the control circuit.
Automatically. This project has been implemented in TMS320LF2812A.

SDAE-04

Speedometer Implementation using CAN

This project aims at sensing and displaying the speed and distance travelled by an

vehicle on a Graphical LCD. The speed of the vehicle is calculated using spectral analysis method and
using this speed and the time duration travelled, the distance travelled is calculated. These calculated
values are then transmitted from the transmitter through the CAN module of one DSC and received by
the user end through the CAN module of the DSC. This project is implemented using (TI)2812.

SDAE-05

Automatic Vehicle Parking System

Unmanned vehicle driving systems are getting interesting for the automobile industry. Automatic
parking systems are about making the best use of available space above and below ground. The main
objective of our project is to automatically acquire the place where the vehicle can be parked. The enough
free space to park the vehicle has been found by placing the ultrasonic sensors on all the corners of the
vehicle. The information acquired from those sensors is fed to the controller depending on which the
parking space is found.

SDAE-06

Implementation of Airbag system in a Vehicle

This project aims at the implementation of working of airbag system in a vehicle

using the CAN (Controller Area Network) protocol. When an accident occurs, the force exerted is
taken as the input by the CAN transmitter module which transmits the data to the control terminal. This
control terminal releases the airbag to prevent the persons inside the vehicle. This project is
implemented using (TI)2812.
Communication Projects
SDC-01

SECURED COMMUNICATION USING FREQUENCY HOPPING

In this project the message to be transmitted is digitized and mixed with a

pseudo-Random sequence which is many times the rate of the information signal.This results in
spreading the signal over a wider bandwidth .Each word thus generated is assigned a particular
frequency (within the available bandwidth) and then it is transmitted. The signal thus transmitted bears
no resemblance to the original message and so it can't be received by any "random" receiver.only the
receiver having the same PN sequence can decode the message.

SDC- 02

Space-Time Coded OFDM Systems

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has proven to be an effective technique

while compensating the effect of a frequency-selective radio channel, since it transforms a frequencyselective channel into series of parallel flat-fading channels. Space-time coding (STC) on the other
hand is a transmit diversity method that is capable of enhancing the system performance by exploiting
the diversity in both space and time domains. The combination of OFDM and STC techniques seems to
offer a very promising ground for the research targeted for high data-rate communication systems.
The transmission and receiving side is implemented by using IFFT and FFT algorithm. The
OFDM modulation is generated by using a 16 point IFFT which produces multiplexed signals (of 1
KHz, 2 KHz and 3 KHz). This time domain signal is called OFDM symbol. The data is encoded in the
frequency domain into each sub carriers (2 bits for each sub carriers in the case of QPSK modulation).
In demodulation, FFT is performed on the multiplex signal of sub carriers, converting into the
frequency domain and retrieving the encoded bits.

SDC-03

Multi Carrier DS-CDMA System

The input data is taken from different users .The PN sequences used for encoding the data for
security purpose. Each user having different PN sequences. The User data is scrambled with PN
sequences and given as input for Modulator. The 16-PSK (M-ary PSK) modulation technique is
implemented in modulator. In 16-PSK modulation, 16 sub carriers are assigned for encrypted data. The
Band width efficiency is achieved through 16-PSK Modulation. The data is transmitted through DSSS
concept. In receiver module, the data is received through demodulator and decoder.

SDC-04

Time Frequency Spread OFDM/FHMA System

A combined scheme based on Orthogonal freguency-division multiplexing and Frequency-

hopped Multiple Access(OFDM/FHMA) is proposed,in which the transmitted data is spread over both
the time and frequency axes without expanding the bandwidth. The OFDM system advocated employs
the WHT for spreading the data in the frequency domain and weights the received signal by the
estimated Signal-to-Interference Ratio(SIR) for the sake of reducing the effects of interference. The

performance recorded,when communicating over an interference limited channel suggests that the
achievable BER improvement is as much as an order of magnitude in comparison to that of an
OFDM/FHMA scheme dispensing with WHT.

SDC-05

Coded Data Transmission System using Iterative Decoding

Technique
To Transmit the coded datas nothing but the encoded symbols of the users in high
data rate mode the Turbo Iterative Decoders are used. Comparing with Other Error correcting and
detecting decoders Turbo's BER is high. In this project ,in transmitter side we are giving character datas
as input. Then this datas are encrypted using Concatenated Encoders with addition of Inter-leavers. In
the Receiver Side the corresponding De-interleavers are designed and corresponding decoders are
implemented. Now the encrypted datas are given as input to the decoder,and decoder doing the error
correcting and detecting and resulting the original data bits.

SDC-06

Implementation of FFH System for increasing Frequency Diversity

In this treatise we demonstrate, how a high spatial and frequency diversity can be achieved by
combining Differential Space-Time Block Coding (DSTBC) and Fast Frequency Hopping (FFH). The
proposed FFH assisted DSTBC scheme is capable of achieving a high diversity order given by the
product of the frequency diversity order achieved by FFH and by the spatial diversity order offered by
the DSTBC arrangement. Hence, the system is capable of exploiting the advantages of both DSTBC
and FFH. Furthermore it is less vulnerable to some of their individual disadvantages, such as the
performance degradation of DSTBC due to fast fading and the large bandwidth requirement of the FFH
system. The proposed system also benefits from the employment of sphere packing and iterative turbo
detection.

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION PROJECTS

SDW-01 IEEE 802.11a Protocol Implementation for WLAN Physical Layer Transceiver Module
The 802.11a standard specifies the PHY entity for OFDM system and the additions that have to
be made to the base standard to accommodate the OFDM PHY. This radio frequency LAN is aimed for
5 GHz unlicensed National Information Structure Band. The OFDM system provides a wireless LAN
with payload capabilities of various Data Rates. In this Project, the Transmitter Module of the WLAN
system is going to be implemented with Data Rates. The system uses 52 sub carriers that are modulated
using Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK). Forward Error Correction Coding (Convolution Coding) is
used with a coding rate of and for any two data rates.The purpose of forward error correction
(FEC) in wireless system is to improve the capacity of a channel by adding some carefully designed
redundant information to the data being transmitted through the channel. The process of adding this
redundant information is known as channel coding. Convolution codes operate on serial data, one or a
few bits at a time. Convolution encoding with Viterbi decoding is a FEC technique that is particularly
suited to a channel in which the transmitted signal is corrupted mainly by additive white Gaussian noise
(AWGN).
SDW-02 IEEE 802.15.1 Protocol Implementation for BLUETOOTH Physical Layer Transceiver
Module
This standard defines the protocol and interconnection of devices or networks in a wireless personal
area network (WPAN). The standard uses carrier sense multiple access with a collision avoidance
medium access mechanism and supports peer-to-peer and point to multi point topologies. The purpose
of forward error correction (FEC) in wireless system is to improve the capacity of a channel by adding
some carefully designed redundant information to the data being transmitted through the channel. The
process of adding this redundant information is known as channel coding. Convolution codes operate
on serial data, one or a few bits at a time. Convolution encoding with Viterbi decoding is a FEC
technique that is particularly suited to a channel in which the transmitted signal is corrupted mainly by
additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The Data Whitening block is used for scrambling and security.
The CRC is used to determine whether the transmission error is occurred or not. Frequency Hopping
Spread Spectrum (FHSS) is used for modulation. Wireless personal area networks (WPANs) are used to
convey information over relatively short distances (10m).

SDW-04

IEEE 802.15.4 Protocol Implementation for ZIGBEE Physical Layer Transceiver

Module
This standard defines the protocol and interconnection of devices or networks in a wireless personal
area network (WPAN). The standard uses carrier sense multiple access with a collision avoidance
medium access mechanism and supports peer-to-peer and point to multi point topologies. The purpose
of forward error correction (FEC) in wireless system is to improve the capacity of a channel by adding
some carefully designed redundant information to the data being transmitted through the channel. The
process of adding this redundant information is known as channel coding. Convolution codes operate
on serial data, one or a few bits at a time. Convolution encoding with Viterbi decoding is a FEC
technique that is particularly suited to a channel in which the transmitted signal is corrupted mainly by
additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN). The Data Whitening block is used for scrambling and security.
The CRC is used to determine whether the transmission error is occurred or not. Direct Sequence
Spread Spectrum (DSSS) is used for modulation. The QPSK modulation technique is processed in
Modulator. Hence four sub carrier is enough to represent our data bits. Wireless personal area networks
(WPANs) are used to convey information over relatively short distances (10m).
SDW-05

IEEE 802.16d Protocol Implementation for WIMAX Physical Layer Transceiver

Module
This standard defines the protocol and interconnection of devices or networks via radio
communication in a metropolitan area network (MAN). The standard uses carrier sense multiple access
with a collision avoidance medium access mechanism and supports star, peer-to-peer and point to multi
point topologies. The media access is contention based on the optional super frame structure. Wireless
metropolitan area networks (WMANs) are used to convey information over relatively long distances.
WLANs are connected or communicated through WMANs. These are broadband access with the
maximum data rate of 120 Mbps at 10-66 GHz and 11 GHz.

SDW-06 Implementation of Physical Layer Transceiver Module for Beyond 3rd Generation Time
Division Duplex System
In 3G communication, convolution coding and turbo coding are adopted for speed and data
traffic, respectively. B3G systems are required to support higher data rates (tens of megabits per
second) with higher spectrum efficiency and relatively low transmit power. The combination of STC
with convolution coding, the conjugation of forward error correction (FEC) coding are hot research
topics concerning novel channel coding/decoding. Space-time coding (STC) on the other hand is a
transmit diversity method that is capable of enhancing the system performance by exploiting the
diversity in both space and time domains.
The purpose of forward error correction (FEC) in wireless system is to improve the capacity of
a channel by adding some carefully designed redundant information to the data being transmitted
through the channel. The process of adding this redundant information is known as channel coding.
Convolution codes operate on serial data, one or a few bits at a time. Convolution encoding with
Viterbi decoding is a FEC technique that is particularly suited to a channel in which the transmitted
signal is corrupted mainly by additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN).
SDW-07 Implementation of Physical Layer Transceiver Module for WCDMA System
Transmitting the datas,voice signal and images in the secured manner is achieved in the Narrow
band CDMA systems. To increase the users and high data rates we are moving to the 3G technologies
Named as WCDMA. By this, No. of users and High data rate communication achieved.
Here the spread sequences are used to separated the users. This is give the identity of the user to the
receiver. Through the corresponding the channel coders,Multiplexers,Spread code Generator and the
Modulators the transmitter operations are happening. In the receiver the decoders and demodulators
doing reciprocal operations.

SDW-08 Implementation of Physical Layer Transceiver Module for Software Defined Radio
Software defined radios (SDR) are highly configurable hardware platforms that provide the
technology for realizing the rapidly expanding third (and future) generation digital wireless
communication infrastructure. The use of the term software may give the impression that the radio is
realized entirely on a processor-based platform. The software in a SDR defines the system personality,
but currently, the implementation is often a mix of analog hardware, ASICs, FPGAs and DSP software.
Through the corresponding the channel coders,Multiplexers,Spread code Generator ,the Modulators
and spread spectrum communicators the transmitter operations are happening. In the receiver the
decoders and demodulators doing reciprocal operations.
SDW-09 Implementation of Physical Layer Transceiver Module for EDGE System
With an increasing demand on multimedia services, a design of high-speed data networks is an
important task in the wireless mobile environment. EDGE (Enhanced Data rates for Global
Evolution) is the next step in the evolution of GSM and IS-136 offering high data rate capabilities
in the existing GSM spectrum. EDGE introduces the new modulation scheme linear 8 Phase Shift
Keying (8PSK).n addition to GMSK, EDGE uses 8PSK for the upper five of its nine modulation and
coding schemes. EDGE produces a 3-bit word for every change in carrier phase. This effectively triples
the gross data rate offered by GSM. EDGE, like GPRS uses a rate adaptation algorithm that adapts the
modulation and coding scheme (MCS) according to the quality of the radio channel, and thus the bit
rate and robustness of data transmission. It introduces a new technology not found in GPRS, which,
instead of retransmitting disturbed packets, sends more redundancy information to be combined in the
receiver. This increases the probability of correct decoding.

SDW-10 Luby Transform Coding Aided Bit-Interleaved Coded Modulation for the Wireless
Internet
The channels that we consider here are packet-based, and each packet has a header including a unique
identifier. We assume that error-correcting codes are used to detect and correct errors within a packet. If
a packet contains more errors than can be corrected by these codes, the packet is discarded and treated
as a loss. Thus, a packet either arrives completely intact and error-free, or it is lost. Bit-Interleaved
Coded Modulation using Iterative Decoding(BICM-ID) is amalgamated with Luby Transform (LT)
coding. The resultant joint design of the physical and data link layer substantially improves the
attainable Bit Error Rate (BER) performance. A Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) combined with a
novel Log-Likelihood Ratio(LLR) based packet reliability estimation method is proposed for the sake
of detecting and disposing of erroneous packets. Subsequently, bit-by-bit LT decoding is proposed,
which facilitates a further BER improvement at a lower number of BICM-ID iterations. Finally, we
revisit the pseudo random generator function used for designing the LT generator matrix.