REF ID:A65

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REF ID:A6537

PIRSr IJBTA.ILm

m.mua:~~mr. -:~JJ.,

VJSSy:to mDARO,

Rtmk

~uaorpo

Lt. Col.

Uait & l!\IDOticm:

sm ~0 Sootion:
Head of Rliu.'.bi:m Group :In
Di:pl.c:lr:nt-la ~= (till

Intezorop:tea.

csoxc, aw,

A.nld.a~)

1.

29 0ot l4

IRBAMJIB

sourae 1a a 49 ~ olc1 SioiliaD.,. a ne;ul.r1r ortiJ..ler7 of'~~, U:.o .~

SDri ~~ SOoticm in
Ba epalaa IlUUnnlan.- CDd t.u roopcmo;l.bl.G Ce+'" all
vm;olt am. b7 .... Di:pl.claati.o Slab-Sea em R111mi ~ aJ.;::J.mirlt:l.a aod8a tad cd.~?;. ?hen
the AmlatiQe za a-1area. he WJlt iDto bitU176 ~ cvoi4 boiD8 oroocl iu-;.o tb:i im>

19,._

Reliahilitr-

itlir].J' good

RJDWttA1r 'DIPlDJIA!IC CODES AID CUB&RS ( tUl. rU.motioo)

2.

(a) ft'aUJ.o pesea.

'

SOUroe llta.i:ed ~ Rram1a diplaala.to el~ ~the Wt ~1 u,tt~~'a. lot".

~ wu eapoial.ll' blav whfm mtJI.mJ:nJ wau !"'-oroiGn :linister. and ;;c:rti~l.J'
llh8n he vu haa4 ot t!J8 League at Naticma AJSaaz.~.
~
11111tal7 A~ traft'la waa aon Nil~\J"'..oa in vo~ ba::"ooo ~ ~~ but

c1uri11s

1dJe var aU atta.cmao a1Jso act a larp =~eor ~ tele~.

~~

t::-:o

t1nr

a:a..o I;tmmt traft'1a ~a good aaa1. ot ~ :1.:-::1. (Sill ar,p".;o ~=~sable

to

road it), aa tha Jbwn1an lf1D1~ tberO WICI4 t" 1~lt ~--J all hi.a OO.."~'iro::o.1.:dona with

1'~ atplcaatG...

(b > ~.21 D')tboi[a

o: be!!''-na

~l s.4 oi;r!g:E

Al.th~ 'fju) S1fltmls or&plo1fi14 Q.U4 th; fi'OGJOnt ah8D60B it!. S,YO~ ~:r:O'f'l.d84
far fD.:lrq aooc1 !3Ccu.ri'fi7, oiphor olDrka
k"'Jcr, ~ ~ PARI3 IIJ~'iioJl olor'.a:a
DeiDs tho varst. ~ ~ \70Uld c.n!t i"o: c. talo.GNQ to bo rop:Ja.toa. cr; i); oOLlld

uo='

JtOt bo .roa.a..

~ CDc1 ~ ot tq;.~u iT. ~ n11 \1Q8 ifDDG v.Lti=lt rotf:Zll. to tho

~"ILI..U ZaJ.oa ~ to the ~. OI:COl't in thG 0&110 ot ~ aoaill.:.., \.'.!~ab.
a!lt
S:~
"ilh."" reprtuw~-;;oa. lfiJD ooc1:tll4~ Oll4 the VG'"t:Jlc
- --~-t2Au i.o.~ t1v aA.A ~.a tm ~~i-" \7ith. :lhart "fW81 a:S..au. t;3Z'G ~ cr

a.

WW~~,I) a11

--.-.-

ao=a.
ttsa ana. "A rospoatiftl7

1;.\mwa.

~urc10 o!Zf'i.zmecl DIGI'a ato.~~ in C~/a.'JJ/I In p.ve.,.J.D.Lo, ~t sm

auoceo4ec1
all. ooaaa in uso t.-p -!;o t~ ~~ of tho .A:m1atico, pho-;;co~t
OO';iOD of oaoh
~ a.vailablee COiloD ''101'0 ril tb) ft.w-fieure tj'!.G.1 m~ cowral
VOUld bo 'WIQ4 ~~ CIJD aDd tho aam.G timo, ~:b) t'ICWt 1\lOBn't ODSD 'bciD!~ Geplo~ &'X'
tratfi,o c4 sreater iloouri
'taluo.

used ezaept aro t"lOGi.O\~ 11'et'G not oonaiiiored ~.;.

J!)nbae8ioe amd L8BQ.1iibakl uaeci tba amao ~a, .~-:33 tl:Dre wero ame. 8UOh ae
S.slf;KI LeptioD. not em~ cmo, ti..J.oiJ.lmll ravor booka 1D 1m0.
It~ '\11!8

aP,PJ.18d

to

tho 4iV].cu"~tio agono1ea in ID.ilOO!" ....

'

:-'01"'' aacll.WlliO

ilur~

(I9.39-191W.), "dhon trattla uas em a. marc r.u..Xoo~ oao.J.J.

'rbD r301:r~"'1' tabloD uazoe built ':! : em. 'CJhO z,r.U:oipl.t:J ot a:LnsJ.o

off

4i.nit&l

tlQ3

( 0 :1.D?~.3lont' a!, IJIU)ri )e

l)),o1::.

J--"Ji&,.:.:lZ' ~l-;,],o

\'lUI

eJ.lottoa.

[;lvon in t:1 I:oy Gt"OU at tno bo5L1.. :...n.1 of ~ ~.

OODil

DICIT!:a

l .2 ,
S 6 '7
2 4 G 7 3 0 G

::l -~iiion
D"'~ '-X."'~ tAbicrh

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CSDIC(IIain)/Y 12.

SL1btraoticm ar addition reoi];il.er tables ware :ro.r uaecl. It telegri!IM .._..,

the olear text would be enooc1ed in aevera1 oodes aDd reoiJjlered by au at
several tables. Jlaroo:Digram woulcl still contain ane DJ" gt'Oup ~ use ot a aitferent
,ooa. BDl reoi!har being notified in tbe text.

J.ons 1
I

(d) llilita.I7 Attaches CocJ&s 8Dl Cijel!r!.

!raffia between. Kil A.ttaobes 8Dd Generals~ at BOOBABD- waa 1n tranapoaitiCD cnpher and t1ve-t1gure ooae - ot a. more elaborate oonatruotion theD the
Diplcaatio oodea -with reoipher tabl.ea.
(1) The

11

if!m0!7 Oipb!r"

(cU'.rul

a. Kemor1e")

!his was a tranapoaiti.cm. oip!Jer Q'lltem \11th 6 boxlta at 6 :z: S mMll squarea
of whiah t:ba clear text as writ~ after a oerta:ln pattern. If a message as, tor
e:mnple, 180 letters long, or 1101"&1 tmJ :rJ.rat 6o ~ wre written in the aprta
aa lfhowll b7 arran 1-24. in AP.P A. !be rf'Mimer ot tbs letters was written in the
other 120 free spaces traD top to ltottc:ll!!, col.1Dil b7 oollal (RB, ar JX)aaibq also 1'raD
bottaaa to top). The enoiphltred. text waa read ott :In sroupa of" t!:ve trcill lett to risJII;
l.izle after line. U the text was aborter than 180 letters - whiob rarel;y happmecl tba first 60 le-tters 1181'8 plaaed. in poai t:laa. aa above, and the rema; Mar .filled i t 1 then
.read off liDe ~ line.
~
IJ.'hia oipber sa used by the Rnnnrhn Jf111tar.y Kisaion in nu,y, vhioh had ita
ma:ln ottioes at lllLAR1 BD.d OiJ8 or two officers in ROUB.

(ii) A Oi)ib!r on the linea of tbe"liASfRRs:mumssEL".

I

An under~ - . uaad for dz months. It conaiated ot a large reotqle O't

l4 sp.oes aaraea and 20 spaces clcnm, aubaiTic1ec1. into fwr equal reota.nglea ot 7 .splOU
aaron aDd 10 spaces c1cnll1. some s;paoea wre oanoel.l.ec4 on the pattern ot oroas-word
ptzslea. '!b8 alear text; w.s written. in, alang a oertain pa.ttem, as may be aeeD :traa the
suggested eumple at App. "B". 'lhe p.ttem varied tna saase to meaaa,ge 8Dl wu
indicated to thB aa.areaaee by meana a a kB7 group.
Soarae aould. not remeber it t.bs liDea -.re DUIIbered; he thought that only'
tba ooJ,nna were DUID'bered. ocmaeoutivel;y trcm 1 - 14. and that t~ Jc:q gl"Oup pw the
ool.ulm tram wb:lah enciphering ailarted, al.QDg a pattem dr&1lll em the trace used in oon.1lmot1cm with the UDderlq.

(iii)

Fi:ve-tilplf!

coas

This cockt -.. uaecl b7 llil. Attaahea and poaaibl7

wall, in 19lt2-4J. Various qatema at reoipber were uaecl,

by the Runenian X:ll :rtlaaian as

two of which were ~red
source ccmsidere.d both the coc18 and the recipber l8rdar to

b,- Source in 8011118 c1etaU.

break than the DiplaDatic oaaea.
The fl.ve-tigure coas oansiated ~ book (aise ~ giwu.) 1D whioh each p.ge
-.a IUIIbereG..:: b;r Jle&lll ct cma of the tcur three-figure p-oupa printed at tbe top. Tbe
page waa ai.v:Lda4 into two parts, each part; containing S blool:a ot 10 6l'OUPB each. !her~
wre alternatiw grou;pa tar the 1181118 clear letter or word (words more OODGanq used).
Inaiae $ach blook ot teD, the ol.ear
WB8 a.rr~ in a quaaial]ilhabetio oraar azt4
each p-oup was 1D4ioated by mezaa ~ a blook-cU.git; ( OCIIIDOD. to all ten groups in b
bloak.) ~ and a aeqtmd aigi t which i&mtift.ed the UOUP i taelt within 1hf blook. see
APP. "o ..
!he earlier ayate,a ot reoipring this cod8 -.a kDam as 11 ti~ ( prOD.OUDCed
"JIISBB") 'llbereby aaall aards or tables of conversion ot figures were ~cl alongsiaa
tha code-group ool.J.Ians (in A.pp he oolwnna 1 & 2 and 4 & S) to enable the enooding or
clecod:Lng clerk to read ott the equivalents of the bloak 8Dd cocJa-group digits.
This waa repla.oed later by the following ayatem:
The eucoded version of 11ZJ3 telegraD. waa vr1 tten an a tozm containing a number
ot reotanglea, aa illustrated 1n .A.PP "" Eaoh reo.tanaJ.e had 10 apa.oea across and 5 clown.
J'ive-tigure group vould be wri.tten Ollt in colUIIIDS 1 from bottca to top aooordi.JJ& to a
oertain key, w!rloh ohanged everr a1x months. !be reoiJi!.ered versicm ot the telegram
would then 'be copied. out in groups ot five., line after line. Ho key group was contained.
in tbe marocm:lgrta.
A. G. B.
:F .G. .AilAUS, CAPr.

'":d;

o.s.D.I.o (Hain)
c.M:.P.,
9

xov.

~or (R.P.IP. EDWARDS)

Lt. CoL

Oamdt.CCSDIO(DIB)
010'.

REF ID : A653J..3

~IX IIJ .. II

.
2

4 .

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FOR GDER.I\L GHBOliiiB S8CDm BmTION : H.WJ; THE JB)lJR 1'0 DIF(R( lOU !Jt\~ !BB L.\112
SO.~ U:~ lOU DBSPM.'CHI!ID Lt~ST WEEK HAVE NO'l .RRIVI:D YET S1'0P YAPS lJm 'lJliZlf.lU'
RBQUIRED S'J.'OP CZR!t'\If S!.'1FP RD'USB

,...

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!AJI!K SDI\BO !lftB Wlt.R SI!'QB OSID 1JDif!P PIIBA

EAWLR .aUI7l'G CEGD OCPRN'

{\ -~-

(..

t-;

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,.

'!IDR4 LDIO RlfOP BRirU DmA!' BSlD BDH8S ~

MSAEB CBBOS CDDI ID'DI fSBL lfiSOII SDBA JrA.VPL agpu lOB AORD.

mmmt 1BRl'G 1DP.r BBXA

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REF ID:A653 . .
APPBIDU IIJ

-~~~~~--~~~-+-~~~~

~~;!~~~~~!-+-+-._~~~~!~
I

UDdelav wu

..

1,

ftB

2,

:s.ab telegr tma:t.pban4 aD a d!tt..- patten, S.DUaatecl

SftNP

oblmp4 ew17

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REF ID:A65373

"'I.

.AHDDIX "C"
CSDIC(Ydn)/r 12.

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9
8

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7
6
5
3

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a.
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2
0

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--

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-..---,-----------n----r-..-------------

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---------

~-------------------------~---------------------88
88
88
A

98918 or lt5689
87

87

01"

32589
87

88

01"

CJt.989
87

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REF ID:A65373

'e""'

QSDIC(Ko.in)/r 12.

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3t0 8 6
5 8 0 9

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7 7 6 8t3
8 6 8 9!' }_

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I':.ROONIGR:U:J HSJ.DS:

95399 lt2107 lt-3086 86255 58QIJ2 59573 7'1683 ,.,,.,.. 86893 lt0730