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2 - Meiosis Homework Answer Key
2 - Meiosis Homework Answer Key
ANSWER KEY
9. What are the two key features of meiosis that contribute to genetic variations?
1. Pairing of homologous chromosomes allows for crossing over, resulting in
exchange of chromosome sections between chromosomes.
2. Independent assortment of homologous maternal and paternal chromosomes
during metaphase I results in gametes that have different combinations of
parental chromosomes. **the way they line up at metaphase I**
10. Explain why synapsis may lead to the exchange of genetic information.
Synapsis is when homologous chromosomes pair up, chromosomes are close enough
for crossing over to occur, resulting in the exchange of genetic information.
11. How is crossing over different from independent assortment?
Crossing over involves homologous chromosomes exchanging pieces of chromosomes,
so individual chromosomes may contain maternal and paternal genes.
Independent assortment involves combinations of maternal and paternal
chromosomes that can occur in a gamete.
12. Compare the key similarities and differences between spermatogenesis and Oogenesis.
Similarities:
Process of creating sex cells by meiosis
Differences:
Oogenesis occurs in females, uneven division produces one gamete and three
polar bodies (later destroyed).
Spermatogensis occurs in males, even division produces four gametes
13. A muscle cell of a mouse contains 22 chromosomes. Based on this information, how many
chromosomes are there in the following types of mouse cells?
a. Daughter muscle cell formed from mitosis
22 chromosomes
b. Egg cell
22 chromatids
c. Fertilized egg cell
22 chromosomes
14. When meiosis occur in females, the cytoplasm is not divided equally among the resulting
four cells. Explain why.
The egg cell (ovum) that results from meiosis is larger than the other 3 polar bodies
because it contains most of the nutrients and organelles within the cytoplasm. This
becomes important fuel for future cell divisions in the event that the egg cell
becomes fertilized.
15. Draw a diagram of meiosis to show how a female child is produced from the union of a
sperm and an egg.
Parent 1 (XY, male)
Parent 2 (XX, female)
Meiosis
Meiosis
Embryo
Mitotic Cell
Division
Meiotic Cell
Division
2n
2n
2n
Identical
Unique