ws that AC=CA is not always trac in the lerquare J Wd, an interesting queshon world re , wheal dows ik imply when we howe Ac =cA? Re call Prom ™ baby” marecces. 7 Igebra, when we Solve an equahion of Yas » we weulel role ply beh sides by (4) Lg) a= \ Oy ee moalhi ply beth sides by 3!) wees Reh, Wo we hare We same idea va Iynear 3. ” * algeloce ? Theat WS, Can we find Ma ™ cectgrocal of a malnrg ? The answer cs yes we form Bnet can por some matrices, and we call iis “cecigcocad” Wa inverse of te matints- Constdec the following exnrge ta ‘| ae i “| = -_ = 3 ‘ eo SE T]E ole ah Le oh we see Mab both AC and cA rele Whee Vdenb'hy matery Ln WR Cor, we Conclude that A is invertible alto called monsicqular) and Cis ity sese and & dencted by A More specif cally , A square marin A is cavertible Lor ar ee ig there exists a mateix 84 (same sige oo A) such al AAs BR ond AAS LOne of the Fist questions What we ask about an nan malrin , fo hether or nok it has an faverse, sintt fof all squme mabricey huwe inverse 4 The Faltowing ace important Path abou iene matesets, Fact: The matrig A cannot have two different caverses Suppore sia Band C are buotinverse of Ry an hey, defini bon» PAeL and Ac Using Lhe asseciohve property, B (Ree (BALE , which grees BE e TS 35 B= Ch heme, the uniquance oP Ha inverse of A. facko: Alte invecWvle (P and only iP the Gaussian eliminahin performed featds Bt 4 P on this ymoliig produces o pivots» Fact 3: TP A is tavert ble, then APeb hao exactly ene soluhon , > Heat 2 Jo This Ve because ye Vy ma IW plgras AR dy Bo * yields: NR “yO a'DR= a 32 ee \ = \ Factui Tp A ts iaverbble, Yhen Ait: 0 hoo only the trivial selubion- this fs due to Wa Pact Wah ip a2 rs nonzero, Han 22 AO can never being @ back, Becefore A is not (averhble ler Singular) j b . A de SowdWle Paap Hex peand Relig: dt a[e sts. fe dExamples: 1 Find the iavese of As i: ‘| $ G Gi) Show Fhe sala = a net Saverbible. ‘ a a nan vralvin pwhee nz 2? Hoo de we compute the ‘avene of Thee om two diPferent methods that we will learn in Hits courect © Th Gous-Jecdan mevred. @ Usias elemenVary matrices (tater). ek vs We will Prek use @ bo Pind Whe Saverte, g HR Sqnare male y whore az aj? - 0 “+ @ = =i 2 Goal: Solve AX=1 2 =e a mu HD Mg oe = oe wm Fe he |= |e t By 6 = 2 se. Big — hay Bi Ptah slept dre Multiple LHS out 2 my -%y Axtia-Mar 2a Xs \ fos oa ° oe tint BM yy Thee Ay, - gr he, = Mag mart dna, hit tear “Mee Kassteph Equate the corres ponding enti From LHS bo the ones vo RHS- Mle obtain 2 systems ef Vintar eyuahons Axy =m, =I Aryg~%2 = 0 anya - %,g20 HMya egy Baye O J) - able, -Aga= | and — {-y3 4 Aayg-Xyg= 0 -%) 4 2%, = 0 tant Bags O ~%y342ey321 This, a's aPet has exactly ene solubion Gil At ts am caverKble rnakery, Gest) wWe here seen that A= BC doe nel recessaey ymply that A=C, whet iP Cs invertible ? Ace Bc @Oe"2 enc" Acces Bcc’) pope Fa e 2 8s Srmilark argument for Ch CB Cie, A=B).Matery Facts ona (24 vn eth egok) «Se have seen how be pecfam eo equivalent opecahins en rabeces, “Hows dom these epecablons tranlale Gite matrices % kk us mobuale our new topic with an examples Consider * he] , Ha row operahin Kab b am gerag i rm is te malbiply fou 4) by-2 and add it bo te second J eS ‘3 | bg oe Wat ‘he Bi 4 some sorb aw The new cosulk canbe obbmined Prom rmatein malbelicadion , hich we may call * eltaniaahon mabe” 3a our ease, ue will lop h onal bply c by ao matrix Rat sil) geet Ha new equivalent mabeig {3}: More speaficall, He eleminuhion Mabey wed here os Deut thus [3 \ (chesey) ; ; Ge \ o e ne L what doe E, ceenind you of 2 Matrices that lech like E, au called elementary, sie Ten, Definihon: Ain clementary maliy is one thot ry ehharmed hy peony a single elementary rous opevalicn on an sdenh'ly matric | ~ y e Fo example 6, <> nothing but¥ Ty = : OT he cshvch ule ° © a R ° i eo) mullvplied -2L1-O of, Haw added (¥ i hee § SheWe can also Use elementary relies to represent Ye clfer two elementary cou opteaonr, For example: o Vo c i ° a4 ‘ + Bay ,u om @ a 1 ° So «© W ° eo 6 | Row inlerchane Ak us Consider og 3x3 matrix: ni-=_= * a a Fl 4 oh i = = eS S Ae \ oO 2 3 8 a e o e1 A Ww i © ‘ ° o b Ea i eo 8 ae m Gy 3 h o olf vb Eyhe tire a e Le 4 fd 1% by Mew, what can matrices? Do Mey Uke son Multiply calor of one vow Say, ce Conivact. | and ate By Biv Mai, AUR, Ez A can be cblainad boy eltmentary J pew opecabions « i he ene 7 h i ) © @ e i oa t | ah 3 Cc! aw b cc wie le = f 4 we say about the vaverses of elementary exish, “«f se whel ave Whey gery be leekWe bnew Had elementary mmatetces repeesent row 9 perahons bat tn Ha atria fos m. Since elementucy cow eperahons can he covered , Man shia rofe be ney Vout Eos paverbbk on Th vy plakatasd by a araghe cow optrahn on TL. then, Jor sue, Ware q anecthe row eperabon of Va samn NMpe that changes & back palo t. Lb us ceconstder £, again. Gas oblatned by malhplyeng Row tof T, by -t end acldiny iY to Rowa Te reeerse Wis operation) we can say Mab We invene FE, denckd by 7) *5 an elementary nahin that ceverses He operahion per formed on E, ho “1 trans form &, back be Tz. Theos, fy) 3 v ° o DERow tof bs) 4 Row 2 Harem staleo that use can til mags Gund Tey Snveae of om malin A vin he elementary matrrcas or Theocem: A square mabia ws invertible f and only CP ob tan be weithen as the produd of clemen ony moabre cesExampler Wate A ao a produch of elementary mabrree s Gof possible) What can you sy alent ge smeene f A? _f 4 a Gre wood te \o Bond a sequence of demeclary cous operations be ceduce AL Equivalent oa fee ont ° 3): a o] pare Oo S.., Solve Par A (hy, Zs GY hy Be BA (Be. i Re EE Es” a Lal SE IE PE | E,Using Re prewouo Heotem, we Can compate A asiag Te Bolte method : é, &3 Ee 7 malbipty tog by & yaa r - fie Eyl, 6, AR = TA &, 6,66, 1 = 8" he, 102 &, €3%G, The otion of matrix Factoregahion v3 VR same ao sn algebra (reat ts) The geal is Wo wcile a mabrig A aa & produch ef dive or mort mabrices. The fost Pachercgahion we learn in @ Wrear agen couric, and perhaps Hh mest rmporkant cq compaler preyrammiy S He. LU Padorigahons Gein Bhis Qactocigation comes from dipgectioty RO cblain hse teiaagalae mateies b (lower Yevanyelar) and U Cupper hrtnglan’, Move syeci Svcally, we Con wrile &= LU, Th best vee bo waderstonl WOOLY process is vie. ow example. Lt A= \* as]. 6 8. Goalts Virrke Bind a cow echelon form for A. a- \e@l 4 BAAR. [2 ‘| \e~ 2) bg. SS Using elementary am abvias 5 ee he :[? WY Grails An Fe callers natal eo wl 6 By Beit From “ow eyerabions where ea pia U We on Re de agonal) “How do x get hack tw A? E Ged EEA= Ee ABo, for our enample we get