Database Concept

A database is a collection of related information

stored so that it is available to many users for
different purpose.

Database management system is a

combination of hardware and software that can be
used to setup and monitor a database and can
manage the updating and retrieval of database that
has been stored in it.

Most database management system have the following

facilities :1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Creation, addition and deletion of entire file and also

Addition, deletion or/and modification of data.
Retrieving data collectively or selectively.
Data can be indexed according to users direction
Various reports can be produced from the system.
The data can be manipulated with some mathematical
function.
7. Data integrity can be maintained.
8.
The traditional file oriented approach to information
processing requires separate master file and its own set of
personal files for each application. These approach has some
disadvantages
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Information cant flow across the application and as a result

data cant be shared.
Here programs depends on files and files depends on
programs.
TRADITIONAL FILE ORIENTED APPROACH
4
The same piece of information may be stored in tow or more

8. files. This is called as Data Redundancy, which leads to storage

9. problem.
10.
If a data field is to be added to master file then all
programs
11.
would have to be changed to use the new field. This is
called
12.
Data/Program Dependency.
13.
There is the lack of flexibility in the traditional file
oriented
14.
system. The system would normally be capable of
producing
15.
scheduled records and queries which it has been
programmed.