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MOLEKULER
Final Examination
Molecular Biology
Monday, May 27th 2013
Problems:
1. Draw the structure of the following of triglycerildes!
a. LAS
b. OPO
L = (9z, 12z,) -9,12-octadecatetraenoic acid
A = (5z, 8z, 11z, 14z) -5,8,11,14-eicosotetraenoic acid
S = (6z, 9z, 12z, 15)-6,9,12,15-octadecatetraenoic
O = 18:1 (n-9)
P = 16:0
2. Draw the ring structures of chitin, amylose and glycogen?
3. Explain by figure the biosynthesis of N-acetylglucosamine from glucose?
4. Phospatidic acid is the main compound for phospolipid synthesis, explain the
mechanism of phospatidic acid biosynthesis from glucose?
5. There are two modes mechanism of cell response the extracellular signal. Explain the
mode which lipid act as relay signal, directly!
6. Write the general reaction of glycolisis proses (from glucose to CO2 and H2O) how
many energy molecules are generated?
7. The indonesian Standard of cooking oil is the following
No
Criteria
Requirement
Normal
Color
Yellow clear
Water contain
Max. 0,3%
Max 0,3%
Peroxide Number
Max. 2 mg/kg
Iodine number
45-46
Saponification number
196-205
Write your idea how to measure water contain, free fatty acid, peroxide number,
iodine and saponification number?
8. Explain the application of starch in ceramics and construction industry?
2. Kitin
3. Glucose
hexokinase
Glucole-6-phospate
Fructose-6-phospate
glucosamine-6-phospate
Acetyl CoA
Pyruvate
glutamine
glutamate
N-acetylglucosamine-6-phospate
N-acetylglucosamine-1-phospate
Nucleotide metabolism UTP
UPD-N-acetylglucosamine
UDP-N-Acetyl-glucosamine
5. Terdapat 2 mekanisme respom sel terhadap sinyal ekstraseluler, bergantung pada sifat
stimular/ligandnya. Fungsi lipid yaitu menopang fungsi senyawa organik sebagai
penghantar sinyal.
Ilustrasi secara umum, tahapannya:
a. Sintesis
b. Pelepasan molekul signaling (ligand) / sel signaling
c. Transport signaling ke sel target
d. Ikatan antara signaling dengan reseptor kompleks ligand reseptor
e. Reseptor yang teraktivasi 1 atau lebih transduksi sinyal intrasel
f. Perubahan spesifik pd fungsi, metabolisme & perkembangan sel
g. Removal of the signal
Secara umum:
Resepsi (reseptor & molekul signal) transduction (signal) transduction pathway
respon (aktivasi respon)
1 pada extracellular fluid, 2&3 pada membran plasma & sitoplasma.
Pensinyalan lipid dapat muncul melalui aktivasi protein G dan anggota beberapa
kategori lipid berbeda telah dikenal sebagai molekul-molekul pensinyalan. Contoh :
sfingosin 1 fosfat (sfingolipid turunan seramida) sbg molekul kurir potensial dalam
pengaluran pergerakan kalsium. Pertumbuhan sel & apoptosis, DAG & PIP terlibat
didalam aktivasi protein kinase C dimediasi Ca.
3-fosfogliserat 2-fosfogliserat
Titrasi HCl
1. 4-5gr minyak erlenmeyer 250ml
2. + 50ml KOH 0,5N beralkohol
3. Tutup erlenmeyer, panaskan 30 mnit dinginkan
4. +PP 1% 5 tetes
5. Titrasi dg HCl 0,5N merah jambu
Bil.saponifikasi =