SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

FUZZY CONTROL AND NEURAL NETWORK

Thit k b iu khin nhit cho phng lm vic
Cu trc mch vng iu khin nhit phng nh sau:

Udk

Bin tn

Phng

Cm bin
nhit

Hnh 1. Cu trc tng qut mch vng iu khin nhit phng

Trong :
: tn hiu t in p trong khong 0

10(V)

: tn hiu phn hi (V)

E : sai lch gia tn hiu t v tn hiu phn hi -10
Udk : in p iu khin bin tn 0
n : tc quay ca ng c 0
: nhit phng 10

(V)

10(V)

400 (vng/pht)

R : b iu chnh
Phng l i tng phi tuyn c quan h vi tc n bng phng trnh:
=

SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

Bin tn h s khuch i 40, thi gian tr 1s do c hm truyn t :

Cm bin nhit c nhim v phn hi nhit quy i ra in p, n c tr rt nh

nn coi xp x l khu t l c hm truyn :
= 0,2
Quan h gia tn hiu t

v tn hiu ra

l phi tuyn :

+ Nu

= 0 => n=0

=>

=50

+ Nu

= 1 => n= 13,6 =>

= 44

+ Nu

= 6 => n= 92,3 =>

= 26

+ Nu

= 10 => n= 400 =>

= 10

Yu cu t ra lc ny l phi i thit k b iu chnh R sao cho khi kch thch u vo

cc
th thu c u ra l cc gi tr
tng ng.Phng php dng b iu khin
PID tuyn tnh kinh in p dng trong trng hp ny cn rt nhiu hn ch thm ch l
khng th iu khin c, b iu khin m khc phc hon ton nhng g thiu st m
PID cha lm c ! Sau y em xin trnh by c 2 phng php thy r s khc bit
ca chng v chn ra gii php ti u nht.

1. B iu khin PID

SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

Hnh 2. Mch vng iu chnh dng PI vi tham s Kp=20; Ki=49

Hnh 3.p ng nhit khi

=0

SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

T th thy c p ng nhit ra rt mt n nh v c lc vt xa gi tr nh
mc l
rt nhiu ln;thay i cc gi tr t khc cng nh cc gi tr Kp, Ki khc
cng cho kt qu cc xu. Chng t b iu chnh PID gn nh bt lc vi i
tng phi tuyn.
2. B iu khin m
Nguyen tac tong hp bo ieu khien m hoan toan da vao nhng phng phap
toan hoc tren c s nh ngha cac bien ngon ng vao/ra va s la chon nhng luat
ieu khien. Do cac bo ieu khien m co kha nang x ly cac gia tr vao/ra bieu dien
di dang dau phay ong vi o chnh xac cao nen chung hoan toan ap ng c cac
yeu cau cua mot bai toan ieu khien ro rang va chnh xac.
Bo ieu khien m hoat ong chu yeu da vao kinh nghiem e thiet ke cac luat
ieu khien, trien khai cac menh e hp thanh xay dng mo hnh luat hp thanh .
Xc nh cc bin ngn ng vo/ra

2.1.

u vo b KM y l sai lch E, u ra l in p iu khin bin tn

E=[-10

Udk =[0

10]

Hm lin thuc cc bin ngn ng c chn nh sau:

=
[ ( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )]
=[
2.2.

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )

( )]

Xy dng lut hp thnh

Udk 0

5
3

10
5

11

SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

2.3.

Chn lut hp thnh Max-Min

2.4.

Gii m bng phng php trng tm

2.5.

M phng

Trn ca s MATLAB nh lnh fuzzy thy xut hin ca s FIS EDITOR ri sau
tin hnh thit k b KM theo trnh t nh sau:

Hnh 4. Giao din FIS

Chn cc vng sai lch E v Udk nh hnh di y

Hnh 5. Cc vng sai lch E

SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

Hnh 6. Cc vng Udk

To lut iu khin theo nguyn tc hp thnh chn pha trn

Hnh 7. Lut hp thnh

Ca s Rule Viewer v Surface thu c nh sau:

SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

Hnh 8. Ca s Rule Viewer v Surface

SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

Tin hnh m phng trn MATLAB/SIMULINK

Hnh 9. Mch vng iu chnh dng b iu khin m

Kt qu thu c:

Hnh 10. p ng nhit khi

=0

SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

Nu t u vo

= 0 th p ng u ra

Hnh 11. p ng nhit khi

ngay tc thi

=1

Nu t u vo
= 1 vi steptime = 1s th p ng u ra

sau
mt khong thi gian th tin n gi tr xc lp l
nh yu cu (do i tng
c qun tnh )

SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

Hnh 12. p ng nhit khi

Nu t u vo
l

=6

= 6 vi steptime =1 th p ng u ra tin n gi tr xc lp

SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

Hnh 13. p ng nhit khi

Nu t u vo
= 10 th p ng u ra
khong thi gian qu s bng

= 10
vn

sau mt

Vy b iu khin m thit k hon ton iu khin c nhit ca phng

theo mun
Thc t i tng phng lun chu nhng tc ng pht sinh nh : nhit ngoi tri,
m khng kh, s phn b nhit khng ng u Nn nhu cu tt yu t ra l b
K thit k phi vn iu khin tt nhit phng theo mun khi c nhiu tc ng.
Sau y xt h mch vng iu khin khi c nhiu tc ng u ra vi ngun nhiu c
cng sut 0,01; thi gian trch mu 0,1

SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

Hnh 14. Mch vng iu chnh khi c nhiu tc ng

Hnh 15. p ng u ra khi c nhiu v

= 10

SV : NGUYN TI TNH____ SHSV: 20092747___LP: K&TH5-K54

Vi
= 10 khi c nhiu tc ng th p ng u ra nhit khng khc
nhiu so vi trng hp l tng khng c nhiu. Nhit ra vn bm st gi tr
xc lp l
sau qu trnh qu . Vi cc
khc c nhiu tc ng, kt qu
thu c cng gn nh hon ton ging trng hp khng c nhiu
KT LUN : B iu khin m thit k tha mn hon ton nhng yu
cu t ra trong c trng hp l tng ( khng c nhiu ) ln trng hp
khng l tng ( c nhiu tc ng, ngoi thc t ).