SCENARIO

EMERGENCY RESPONSE SIMULATION

PT.PERTAMINA PERSERO
Operation Unit
Occurrence

:
:

Oil & Gas Refinery

Crude Oil Tank Fire caused by Lightning (Pool Fire)

Date :
Time:

I. Event Scenario
Tank 102 is on filling condition of crude oil from production field, and it is raining as well along with lightning.
PSV (Pressure Safety Valve) of Tank 102 (Coneroof) is running well and when the tank is almost full, suddenly the
lightning blasting and fire occurs as well as explosion resulting the roof tank gets torn on the angle roof (top angle) almost
of the diameter, that makes the half of crude oil flow into the bund wall of tank 102.
The bund wall Sluice gate of TK 102 is on open condiion, and the oil flowing out of bund wall and get into main sewer
headed to oil separator and can be eliminated therefore the fire is not widespread to the TK 101 and TK 103 which are at
surrounding area.
Top water Sprinkler on roof top is broken, but Foam Chamber, gun monitor, fire wall and fix fire facilities are still in sound
condition.
When the explosion occured, there are 2 workers (inspector) checking the tank periodically. Unfortunately, they even have
not yet left the bund wall area, they become the victims with one person is in unconsciousness due to crashed by metal
debris of roof tank, and one person exposed by crude oil right on his body.
By consideration of medical team then the victim shall brought to Jakarta to get further treatment, but another one just
take to the local Pertamina Hospital.
On Scene Commander reports to Incient Commander and forwarded to the General Manager as Emergency Response
Commander.
Thus, Emergency Response Commander declares the emergency and activating the emergency repsonse procedure by
ordering to sound the sirene to Fire Station.

II. Response Scenario

1) Emergency Communication

Emergency Situation and Condition

No.

Executor

Fire occurs along with an explosion in Crude Oil Tank 102 TK caused by lightning
strikes in which a mixture of hydrocarbon gas in the tank are the explosive limit
(explosion range) as well as accident victims has resulted 2 victims.
The one who find the early event using Glass Brake Alarm System installed at the
scene by pressing the alarm button (brake glass) that connects directly from the scene
to the Fire Station.

Reporter of Incipient Fire

HSE Supervisor at Fire Station:

1) Sounds the emergency sirene
2) Dispatch the Tim Rescue and fire brigade completed with Foam Crash Tener to the
scene.
3) Ask for Ambulance along with the team proceed toTK 102.
4) Notify the emergency status to the all officers within the organization of ERP by
Telephone Alarm system and others communication such as HT, HP or SMS Gate
Away.
5) Arrange the Auxiliary Fire Team and equipment as well as extinguishing media.

HSE Supervisor
Rescuer Team
Fire Brigade
Medical Team
Auxiliary Fire Team

HSE manager as On Scene Commander repots the emergency to the Incident

Commander and continued to the emergency response commander.

On Scene Commander
Incident Commander
Emergency Response
Commander.

1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
1.4.
1.5.

Operasi Keamanan

1.6.

2) Evacuation and Security Operation

No.

Emergency Situation and Condition

Executor
Security Team

1
2
3

Tighten the controlling on Refinery Main Gate towards the exit /enter the vehicle with
priority for vehicles and officials associated with the task of Emergency prevention and
prohibit unauthorized entry to the scene
Security Officer control the traffic especially for fire trucks and ambulance that heading
to the scene (TK 102, TK 101 and TK 103)
Security officers evacuate the workers around the scene to the designated safe area as
U.S Fire Fighting Practices determines that safe distance is 4 times of fire height.
Thus, if the fire height is 25 m then the minimum safe distance determined at 100 m
from Fired Tank TK 102
Security operation continues to be implemented until the condition is declared safe by
the Incident Commander.

Security Team
Security Team

Security Team

3) Rescue The Victim

No.

Emergency Situation and Condition

After receiving information about the victims of an accident, the medical team along with
the ambulance immediately to TK 102.
When Arrived at the scene, the victim was still lying in the area of tanks bund wall and
right away Tim Rescue evacuate the victim out of the area by stretchers and the
medical team doing first aid for both victims

Executor
Rescuer Team
Medical Team

The Both victims rescued by the medical team with the appropriate priority condition of
the victim,

Medical Team

Minor Victim - taken care at local Pertamina hospital

Major victim - taken care at Pertamina Hospital Center Jakarta

4) Fire fighting Operation

No.

Emergency Situation and Condition

Executor

1. After receiving the report of fire on Tank TK 102 so the fire station officer immediately
1 dispatch fire brigade completed with 2 units of foam crash tender to the scene.

On Scene Commander
Fire Brigade

2. On Scene Commander leads the fire fighting and Fire brigade takes place for fire
fighting heading to fire wall/fire screen of tank TK 102 to conduct operation of foam
crash tender by using foam chamber straight to the Tank TK 102.

On Scene Commander
Fire Brigade

3. Fire fighting conducted by injecting the foam solution from foam crash tender through
the fire wall to foam chamber of Tank TK 102 rapidly to prevent from flash over due to
the increasing of oil temperature is too high that is over the autoignition temperature.

On Scene Commander
Fire Brigade

4. At the same time Auxiliary Fire Team cooling around the shell plate of Tank TK 102 by
2 using water gun monitor that is installed around the bund wall of the tank.

Fire Brigade
Auxiliary Fire Team

5. For cooling TK 101 and TK 103 on vicinity area using fire water sprinkler facilities that
installed on each roof/shell tank by opening the valve manifold that installed outside of
the tanks bund wall.
6. To boost the cooling effort towards the tank shell plate, so fire brigade uses fire hydrant
around the bundwall by layout fire hoses for Nozzles 2,5 heading to tank shell plate.

Fire Brigade
Auxiliary Fire Team
Fire Brigade
Auxiliary Fire Team

7. Fire on Tank TK 102 getting smaller and extinguish at last.

3
8. Cooling on shell plate TK 102 is continued to prevent from flash back.
4

Fire Brigade
Auxiliary Fire Team
Fire Brigade
Auxiliary Fire Team

5) Suporting Operation
No.

Emergency Situation and Condition

Executor

1.

Provide logistics for all emergency response team member at the scene.

Logistic Team

2.

Documenting the emergency response operation since dispatching crash tender,

Public Relation Team
controlling the traffic at the scene, rescuing the victims until the fire fighting operation.

3.

Serving interview with government authority and pers.

Public Relation Team

Documenting the important event during the emergency response.

Emergency Response Operation Accomplish
No.

Emergency Situation and Condition

Executor

1.

Emergency response is accomplished and On Scene Commander reports the

emergency response status to Incident Commander.

On Scene Commander
Incident Commander

2.

Emergecy response is accomplished and Incident Commander as approval from

Emergency Response Commander declares that emergency is over, completely
controllable and safe.

Incident Commander.