Determination of

Porosity

Determination of Porosity by
Density Log
The bulk density b of a formation
can be written as a linear
contribution of the density of the
rock matrix ma and the fluid density
f , with each present is proportions
(1- ) and , respectively :

 In terms of Porosity:

where:
b = the bulk density of the formation
ma = the density of the rock matrix
f = the density of the fluids occupying the
porosity
= the porosity of the rock.

Determination of Porosity by
Neutron Logs

Determination of Porosity by
Sonic Log
The sonic log is commonly used to calculate the
porosity of formations, however the values from
the FDC and CNL logs are superior.
It is useful in the following ways:
As a quality check on the FDC and CNL log
determinations.
As a robust method in boreholes of variable
size (since the sonic log is relatively
insensitive to caving and wash-outs etc.).
To calculate secondary porosity in carbonates.
To calculate fracture porosity.

The Wyllie Time Average Equation

The velocity of elastic waves through
a given lithology is a function of
porosity.
Wyllie proposed a simple mixing
equation to describe this behaviour
and called it the time average
equation.
It can be written in terms of velocity
or t:

 where t is the transit time in the

formation of interest, tp is that
through 100% of the pore fluid, and
tma is that through 100% of the rock
matrix, is the porosity.