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MENULIS KERTAS
KERJA

Jangan cuba memasukkan terlalu banyak isi dalam kertas

kerja
Kurangkan isi bahan kepada minimum
Fikirkan cara alternatif untuk menyampaikan mesej drp
perkataan seperti carta atau graf

Tulis apa yang patut dan bersikap realistik tentang masa

Pastikan kejelasan kertas kerja dan jangan berbelit-belit
A good rule is "tell them what you're going to tell them;
then tell them; then tell them what you've told them;
then sit down".
There is no worse conference or seminar crime than
stealing time off other paper presenters in your session!

MENULIS KERTAS KERJA

Formatkan kertas kerja untuk bantu audiens faham

Mengatur semula dan merumuskan

bahan.
Bagaimanakah anda memilih bahan
amat kritikal di sini?
Adapted from British Sociological Association Guidelines.
David Alan Gatley
5th July

MEMBENTANG KERTAS KERJA

It is not the only purpose of

the talk to convince the
AUDIENCE that you have
understood the material.
Rather the main purpose is
to transfer your knowledge
to the audience.
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MEMBENTANG KERTAS KERJA

Motivasikan audiens
Jangan baca dari kertas kerja
In your talk you are not just supposed to present your topic
but, in a certain sense, you have to sell it. By this I mean
that you should generate interest on the subject among the
audience and motivate people to follow up on your
presentation

Jangan cuba membaca dan bercakap pada waktu

yang sama
Berdiri untuk membentang kertas kerja. Dengan
ini dapat elak drp membaca nota.

MEMBENTANG KERTAS KERJA

Buat latihan

Cuba berlatih didepan cermin muka

atau depan rakan sebelum
pembentangan
The most relaxed and convincing
presenters are people who have gone to
a great deal of trouble to perfect their
style. If you're truly terrified, think of
someone whose style you admire, and
role-play being them presenting your
paper!
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MEMBENTANG KERTAS KERJA

Where the paper is precise and formal, the

oral presentation has to be intuitive and
illustrative.
Gunakan contoh to mengilustrasi prinsipprinsip umum
Gunakan frasa sebagai tajuk drp ayat lengkap
Cuba mula pembentangan dengan jadual
kandungan pembentangan kertas kerja

MEMBENTANG KERTAS KERJA

For the majority of people, the option is still

confined to handouts, overhead projector or
35mm slides. Handouts are good - they're
simple and effective, but they can disrupt your
presentation. Unless they are essential to the
presentation, it may be best to have them
available to give out after the session. If you
have to give them out at the beginning, make
sure you have enough for everyone, and that
they are collated in the right order and stapled
together.
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MEMBINA
SLAID POWER POINT

Gunakan font besar (saiz 15-16)

Berhati-hati dengan pemilihan warna slaid. Biarlah konsisten dan
menarik
Tulisan pada slaid adalah apa yang digunakan dalam
pembentangan
You should work to a general rule of never having more than
30 words of text on any slide or acetate.
If it's a 'portrait' presentation (i.e. the longer side is down the
sides), you should never have more than six lines of text; if it's
a 'landscape' presentation (i.e. the longer side is across the top
and bottom), you should have no more than four lines of text.
Berhati-hati apabila menggunakan animasi. Pastikan ada
tujuannya dan hadkannya kepada yang penting dan perlu.
Be professional rather than playful (M&M effect!)
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BERTANYA SOALAN

Bertanya soalan sebagai peserta

Tanya soalan yang jelas dan tepat
Jangan meleret tapi jelaskan apa isi
kandungan dalam kertas kerja yang
menimbulkan soalan
Jangan bersikap biadap tehadap pembentang
Jangan asyik mengkritik atau mencari salah
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BERTANYA SOALAN

APAKAH HENDAK DITANYA?

Untuk penjelasan isi penting yang

anda tidak dengar tadi
Untuk huraian hujah yang tidak
terperinci/ jelas
Untuk mengemukakan satu soalan
kritikal
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MENJAWAB SOALAN

Say you dont know and youll have to think about it

more
Say you havent read a text or author the questioner is
referring to
Ask for clarification or elaboration if you dont
understand the question
Clear up a misunderstanding if you think the questioner
has missed some part of your paper
Explain that youre using a paradigm or approach that
might be unfamiliar to the questioner
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MENJAWAB SOALAN

Offer to give a fuller response later in a private

conversation

It can be neat to piggyback off another question or get

something more like discussion going. But there
probably wont be much time for that.
answer questions which transcend the material that you
present orally, as long as they pertain to your written
material or the literature that you have read.
Thus it is safer to accumulate a certain buffer of
additional information beyond what you are presenting.
Lengauer

Thomas

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PANDUAN MENILAI
PEMBENTANGAN

BOLEHKAH PEMBENTANGAN ANDA DIPILIH SEBAGAI

PALING MENARIK?
BERAPAKAH RAMAI AUDIENS AKAN INGAT ISI-ISI
PENTING PEMBENTANGAN ANDA SELEPAS BEBERAPA
BULAN?
BERAPAKAH RAMAI PESERTA MEMBACA EDARAN
DARIPADA MENDENGAR PEMBENTANGAN?
BERAPAKAH SOALAN DITANYA? BERAPAKAH ANDA
DAPAT MENJAWABNYA?
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