THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

Fontos: a simple past tense igeid kpzse a kvetkez mdon trtnik:

Az ige 2. sztri alakjt hasznljuk, az igk "ed" vgzdst kapnak.
Plda:
llt alak

Tagad alak

Krd alak

alany + 2. sztri alak (=

to nlkli fnvi igenv +
ed a nem rendhagy
igknl

alany + did not /didn't + 1.

sztri alak

did / + alany + 1. sztri alak

I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they

cooked a meal
yesterday

I
you
he
she did not (didn't) cook
it
a meal yesterday.
we
you
they

Did

I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they

cook a meal
yesterday?

Fontos: Krds, tagads a "did" segdigvel trtnik. Mivel a krdsben s a

tagadsban a "did" segdige mr kifejezi a mlt idt, ezrt az ilyen
mondatokban az "ige els", azaz "jelen idej alakjt" hasznljuk. Plda: Did you
meet her last night?
A rendhagy igk alakjait kln meg kell tanulni!
Did you see her yesterday? Yes, I saw her yesterday. Yes, I did.
No, I did not (didn't) see her yesterday. No I didn't.
Hasznlata:
Ha elbeszlnk valamit, ami a mltban trtnt, s ismerjk a konkrt
idpontjt:
1. Egyszeri, pillanatnyi cselekvs a mltban:
I bought a new hat yesterday.
Vettem egy j kalapot tegnap.
2. Szoksos, ismtld cselekvs a mltban:
We made several excursions last year.
Mlt vben szmos kirndulst tettnk.
3. Rgi szoks kifejezsre, amely az alanyra ma mr nem jellemz, a used to
szokott volt)-t hasznljuk:
I used to play football when I was a child.
Did you use to play football ......?
I didn't use to play football ....
Idhatrozk: yesterday, the day before yesterday, last night, last week, last
month, last year, once, one day, one morning, one afternoon, ago, then (azutn),
at that time (abban az idben), when.

Helyesrs s kiejts:
1. Ha az ige rvid magnhangzra + mssalhangzra vgzdik, akkor a szvgi
mssalhangz megkettzdik:
plda: stop - stopped
2. Ha az y-ra vgzd ignl az "y" eltt mssalhangz ll, akkor az "y"-bl "i"
lesz:
plda: try - tried, cry - cried, copy - copied, fry - fried
Az ed vgzds kiejtse:
( t ) - ha zngtlen mssalhangzra vgzdik az ige: stop - stopped
( d ) - ha zngs mssalhangzra vgzdik az ige: clean - cleaned
( id ) - a t s n vgzds igknl: want - wanted; mend - mended (megjavt)
Egyszer mlt idt hasznlunk ha egy cselekvs idpontjra krdeznk:
When did you open the window?
Az alanyra krdezsnl itt sem hasznlunk segdigt:
Who saw John last week? de
Who did you see yesterday?
Ki ltta Jnost mlt hten?
Kit lttl tegnap?
Pldk az egyszer mlt id hasznlatra:
Peter started to work last month.

Pter az elmlt hnapban kezdett el

dolgozni.
Why did you choose just the same book Mirt vlasztottad legtbb ugyanazt a
last time?
knyvet?
I spent five years in Africa.
t vet tltttem Afrikban.
One day they met in the street.
egy napon tallkoztak az utcn
A "to be" s a "to have" igk egyszer mlt idej ragozsa:
llt alak
to be to have
I
was
had
you were
had
he was
she was
had
it
was
we were
you were
had
they were

Tagad alak
to be
I
was
you were
he was
she was
not
it
was
we were
you were
they were

Tagad alak
to have
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they

did not

have
have
have
have
have
have
have
have

Krd alak
to have
I have
you have
he have
Did
she have
it have
we have
you have
they have

to be krd alak egyszer mlt id:

Was I ? / Were you ? / Was he/she/it? / Were we/you/they ?