THPT

Bng tm tt cng thc Ton hc ph thng
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Trng PTTH Ng Thi Nhim
TM TT CNG THC TON CP 3

A. I S.
1. Tam thc bc hai.
b
Gi s f (x ) ax 2 bx c a 0; , ; ; S
a
a 0
f (x ) 0 x
0
x1 x 2
0
x x af ( ) 0
1
2
a 0
f (x ) 0 x
0
af ( ) 0
x1 x 2
af ( ) 0
l nghim ca f (x ) f ( ) 0
af ( ) 0
x1 x 2
af ( ) 0
x1 x 2 af ( ) 0
af ( ) 0
x1 x 2
af ( ) 0
x1 x 2 af ( ) 0
S
0
2
x1 x 2
x x f ( ).f ( ) 0
1
2
af ( ) 0
x1 x 2 af ( ) 0
S
0
2
S
0
2
x1 x 2 af ( ) 0
S
0
2
2. Bt ng thc C si:
Vi hai s a 0, b 0 th
a b
ab . Du '' '' xy ra a b
2
Gio vin bin son: Trng Hoi Trung
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3. Phng trnh bt phng trnh cha tr tuyt i
A B A B
A B A2 B 2
B 0
A B
2
A B
A B B A B
A B
A B
A B
4. Phng trnh bt phng trnh cha cn

A 0 B 0
A B
A B
A 0
A B B 0
A B 2
B 0
A B
2
A B
A 0
A B
A B
B 0
B 0
A B

2
A 0
A B
B. H THC LNG TRONG TAM GIC THNG .

1. nh l hm s Cosin:
a 2 b 2 c 2 2bc cos A
b 2 a 2 c 2 2ac cos B
c 2 a 2 b 2 2ab cosC
2. nh l hm s Sin:
a
b
c
2R
sin A sin B sinC
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3. Cng thc tnh din tch tam giac:

1
1
1
S aha bhb chc
2
2
2
1
1
1
S ab sinC ac sin B bc sin A
2
2
2
abc
4R
S p p a p b p c
S p.r
C. H PHNG TRNH I S .
I.
PHNG PHP CHUNG
gii mt h phng trnh i s ta thng dng phng php cng hay phng php th. Bn cnh
ta cn c mt s loi h phng trnh c bit.
II. MT S H PHNG TRNH C BIT.
1. H PHNG TRNH BC NHT HAI N
a1x b1y c1
(*)
Dng:
a 2x b2y c 2
Cch gii: Cng thc Crammer
a1 b1
c1 b1
a1 c1
t D
; Dx
; Dy
a 2 b2
c 2 b2
a 2 c2
Dx
x D
- Nu D 0 : h (*) c nghim duy nht
y Dy
D
(*)
v
nghim.
- Nu D 0 v Dx 0 hay Dy 0 : h
- Nu D Dx Dy 0 : h (*) c hai trng hp xy ra: hoc v nghim hoc v s nghim.
2. H PHNG TRNH I XNG LOI MT.
f (x , y ) 0
Dng:
(*) trong khi hon v vai tr ca x v y cho nhau, tng phng trnh ca
g
(
x
,
y
)
h khng thay i.
Cch gii:
t S x y ; P xy
Gii tm S, P. Suy ra x, y l nghim ca phng trnh X 2 SX P 0
iu kin phng trnh trn c nghim l S 2 4P 0
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3. H PHNG TRNH I XNG LOI HAI.

(1)
f (x , y ) 0
Dng:
(*) trong khi hon v vai tr ca x v y cho nhau,th phng
f
(
y
,
x
)
0
(2)
trnh (1) tr thnh phng trnh (2) v ngc li.

Cch gii: C 2 cch
f (x , y ) f (y , x ) 0
Cch 1:
f (y , x ) 0
f (x , y ) f (y , x ) 0
Cch 2:
f (x , y ) f (y , x ) 0
4. H PHNG TRNH NG CP .
Dng: H phng trnh ng cp l h phng trnh m cp ca tt c n thc trong h u
bng nhau.
Cch gii:
- Xt x 0 , th vo h tm y.
- Xt x 0 , t y tx , th vo h tm t, sau suy ra x v y.
D. LNG GIC.
I.
CNG THC LNG GIC.
1. Cc cung lin quan c bit

1.1 Hai cung i nhau: ( v - )
cos( ) cos
sin( ) sin
tan( ) tan
cot( ) cot
1.2 Hai cung b nhau: ( v )
sin( ) sin
cos( ) cos
tan( ) tan
cot( ) cot
)
2
cos sin
2
1.3 Hai cung ph nhau: ( v
sin cos
2
tan cot
cot tan
2
1.4 Hai cung hn, km : ( v )

sin( ) sin
cos( ) cos
tan( ) tan
cot( ) cot
1.5 Cung hn km :
2
cos x sin x ; sin x cos x ;

2
Ghi nh: cos i; sin b; ph cho; hn, km tan, cot .
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2. Cc cng thc lng gic c bn
sin 2 x cos 2 x 1
1
1 cot 2 x
2
sin x
sin x
tan x
cos x
3. Cng thc cng
1
1 tan 2 x
cos 2 x
tan x .cot x 1
cot x
cos x
sin x
sin(a b ) sin a .cos b cos a .sin b

cos(a b ) cos a .cos b sin a .sin b
tan(a b )
tan a tan b
1 tan a .tan b
4. Cng thc nhn

4.1 Cng thc nhn i
sin 2a 2sin a cos a
cos 2a cos 2 a sin 2 a 2 cos 2 a 1 1 2sin 2 a
2 t ana
1 tan 2 a
4.2 Cng thc nhn ba
sin 3a 3sin a 4sin 3 a
t an2a
cos 3a 4 cos3 a 3cos a

t an3a
3 tan a tan 3 a
1 3 tan 2 a
5. Cng thc h bc
1 cos 2a
sin 2 a
2
3sin a s in3a
sin 3 a
4
1 cos 2a
2
3cos a cos 3a
cos3 a
4
cos 2 a
6. Cng thc bin i tng thnh tch

a b
a b
cos a cos b 2 cos
cos
2
2
a b
a b
cos a cos b 2sin
sin
2
2
a b
a b
sin a sin b 2sin
cos
2
2
a b
a b
sin a sin b 2 cos
sin
2
2
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7. Cng thc bin i tch thnh tng

1
cos a .cos b cos(a b ) cos(a b )
2
1
sin a .sin b cos(a b ) cos(a b )
2
1
sin a .cos b sin(a b ) sin(a b )
2
II.
PHNG TRNH LNG GIC
DNG 1. PHNG TRNH LNG GIC C BN

Kin thc c bn
u v k 2
sin u sin v
u v k 2
u v k 2
cos u cos v
u v k 2
tan u tan v u v k 2
cot u cot v u v k 2
Trng hp c bit:
sin u 0 u k
k 2
2
sin u 1 u k 2
2
sin u 1 u
cos u 0 u
k
2
cos u 1 u k 2
cos u 1 u k 2
DNG 2. PHNG TRNH BC HAI I VI MT HM S LNG GIC

Kin thc c bn
Phng trnh bc hai theo mt hm s lng gic l phng trnh c dng:
at 2 bt c 0 (1) trong t l mt tr ong cc hm s: sinu; cosu; tanu; cotu.
Cch gii: t t = sinu; cosu; tanu; cotu.
Ch : sin u ; cos u 1
DNG 3. PHNG TRNH BC NHT THEO SIN u V COSu
Kin thc c bn
Dng : a sin u b cos u c
(1) trong o a 2 b 2 0
iu kin c nghim: a 2 b 2 c 2
Cach giai:
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Chia hai v ca PT cho a 2 b 2 ,

a
b
c
(1)
sin u
cos u
2
2
2
2
2
a b
a b
a b2
sin u .cos cos u .sin sin
sin(u ) sin
DNG 4. PHNG TR NH THUN NHT BC HAI THEO SINU V COSU

Kin thc c bn
Dng tng qut:
a sin 2 u b sin u cos u c cos 2 u d (2)
Cch gii:
k c tha phng trnh (2) khng ?

2
B2: Xt cos u 0 . Chia 2 v phng trnh (2) cho cos 2 u . Ta c phng trnh mi dng:
a tan 2 u b tan u c 0 .
B1: Xt cos u 0 . Kim tra u
*Ch : Nu phng trnh lng gic c bc cng chn hoc cng l theo sinu v cosu th ta
cng gii bng phng php trn.
DNG 5. PHNG TRNH I XNG PHN XNG
Dng tng qut:
a sin u cos u b sin u cos u c 0 (3)

Cch gii:
t t = sin x cos x 2 sin(x ) (*)

4
2
t 1
sin x cos x
.
2
(iu kin :
t 2)
Th vo (3) ta c phng trnh bc hai theo t.
Mt s cng thc quan trng
sin u cos u 2 sin u 2 cos u

4
4
sin u cos u 2 sin u 2 cos u

4
4
1 s in2x sin x cos x
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E. CNG THC O HM .
1. Quy tc c bn.
c 0
u .v
v u ' v '
'
u u 'v v 'u

v2
v
'
'
u 'v v 'u
2. Bng cng thc tnh o hm.
k .x
'
k .u
'
k .u '
n
n 1
(x ) ' n .x
n
n 1
(u ) ' n .u
.(u ) '
1
1
( )' 2
x
x
1
( x )'
2 x
1
(u ) '
( )' 2
u
u
u'
( u )'
2 u
sin x cos x
'
cos x sin x
sin u cos u. u
'
'
cos u sin u. u
'
'
'
(e x ) ' e x
u'
cos 2 u
u'
(cot u ) ' (1 cot 2 u ).u ' 2
sin u
u
u
(e ) ' e .u '
(a x ) ' a x .ln a
1
(ln x ) '
x
1
(loga x ) '
x .ln a
(a u ) ' a u .ln a .u '

u'
(ln u ) '
u
u'
(loga u ) '
u .ln a
(tan x ) ' 1 tan 2 x
1
cos 2 x
(cot x ) ' (1 cot 2 x )
(tan u ) ' (1 tan 2 u ).u '
1
sin 2 x
*c bit :
a b
c d
ax b
y
y'
cx d
(cx d ) 2
a1 b1
y
x2 2
a1 c1
b1 c1
a b
a 2 c2
b2 c 2
a1x 2 b1x c1
y' 2 2
2
2
2
a 2x b2x c 2
(a 2x b2x c 2 )
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F. CNG THC M LOGARIT.
1.
CNG THC M
a a.a
...
a
2.
STT
CNG THC LOGARIT
STT
1
loga 1 0
a 1 a a
loga a 1
3.
a 0 1 a 0
loga a M M
4.
a n
1
an
a loga N N
5.
a n n am
loga (N 1.N 2 ) loga N 1 loga N 2
6.
loga (
7.
a .a a
loga N .loga N
8.
am
a m n
n
a
loga N 2 2.loga N
(a m )n (a n )m a m .n
9.
loga N loga b.logb N

logb N
n thua so
m
n
an
m
1
n
am
m n
10.
(a .b )n a n .b n
10
11.
a
an
( )n n
b
b
11
12.
a M N M loga N
12
13
N1
) loga N 1 loga N 2
N2
loga N
loga b
1
loga b
logb a
1
loga N loga N
log c
log a
a b =c b
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G. CNG THC NGUYN HM .

Nguyn hm ca nhng hm s thng
gp
1. dx x C
Nguyn hm ca nhng hm s thng

gp
1
1
1
13. n dx
n 1 c
x
n 1 x
1
14.
dx x c
2 x
1
15. f(ax + b)dx = F(ax + b) + C
a
16.
2. kdx kx C
3. x ndx
4.
x n 1
C n 1
n 1
1
x dx ln x C x 0
1
1
x 2dx x C
1
1
C
6. n dx
x
n 1 x n 1
7. e xdx e x C
ax
C 0 a 1
ln a
9. cos xdx sin x C
8. a xdx
10. sin xdx cos x C

1
dx (1 tan 2 x )dx tan x C
2
cos x
1
12. 2 dx (1 cot 2 x )dx cot x C
sin x
11.
1 ax b
ax b dx a 1 C 1
1
1
17.
dx ln ax b C x 0
ax b
a
1
18. e ax bdx e ax b C
a
1
19. cos ax b dx sin ax b C
a
1
20. sin ax b dx cos ax b C
a
1
1
dx tan ax b C
21.
2
cos ax b
a
1
1
dx cot ax b C
22. 2
sin ax b
a
5.
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H. PHNG PHP TA TRONG KHNG GIAN.

Cho vect
u x ; y ; z
v hai im A x A ; yA ; zA
; v x '; y '; z '

; B x B ; yB ; z B .

u v x x '; y y '; z z '
2. k .u kx ; ky ; kz
1.
3. ieu kien bang nhau cua hai vect:

x x '
u v y y '
z z '
x y z
4. u cung phng v
x' y' z'

5. u cung phng v u , v 0
6. Tch v hng ca hai vect: u .v xx ' yy ' zz '

7. o dai cua mot vect :
u x2 y2 z2
8. Vect tao bi 2 iem A, B:
AB x B x A ; yB yA ; z B zA
9. o dai oan thang AB:
2
2
2
AB AB x B x A yB yA z B zA
10. Goc gia hai vect :
u .v
xx ' yy ' zz '
cos
u .v
x 2 y 2 z 2 . x '2 y '2 z '2
0 180
0
11. ieu kien vuong goc cua hai vact:

u v u .v 0 xx ' yy ' zz ' 0
xA x B
yB
12. M la trung iem cua oan AB yM A

2
zB
A
z M
2
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(x A x B xC )
G
13. G la trong tam tam giac ABC yG (yA yB yC )

3
zG 3 (zA z B zC )
xG 4 (x A x B xC x D )
14. G la trong tam t dien ABCD yG (yA yB yC yD )

4
zG 4 (zA z B zC z D )
15. Tch CO HNG cua hai vect:

y z z x x y
;
;
u , v
y' z' z' x' x' y'

16. Tnh chat quan trong :

u , v u va u , v v
1
17. Dien tch tam giac ABC : S ABC AB , AC
2

18. Dien tch hnh bnh hanh ABCD: Shbh ABCD 2S ABC AB , AC
1
19. The tch t dien ABCD : VABCD AB , AC .AD
6
3.VABCD
20. Chieu cao AH cua t dien ABCD: AH
S BCD

21. The tch khoi hop ABCD.ABCD : V [AB,AD ].AA

22. Ba iem A,B,C tao thanh tam giac AB , AC khong cung phng

23. Bon iem A,B,C,D khng ong phang ABCD la t dien AB , AC .AD 0

24. iu kin ABCD l hnh bnh hnh AB DC
Axo Byo Czo D
25. Khoang cach t mot iem en mot mat phang: d M , ( )
A2 B 2 C 2

M 0M , a
26. Khoang cach t mot iem en mot ng thang: d (M ,)
a

a , b .MN
27. Khoang cach gia hai ng thang cheo nhau: d (d , d ')

a , b

n .a
28. Goc gia ng thang va mat phang: sin
n .a
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I. PHNG PHP TA TRONG MT PHNG OXY.
Din tch tam gic trong mt phng Oxy:
1
AB a1 ;a 2 , AC b1 ;b2 S ABC a1b2 a 2b1
2
1. ng thng.
a. Cc dng phng trnh ng thng:
- Phng trnh tng qut: Ax By Cz 0 A2 B 2 0
( Vec t php tuyn n A; B , Vec t ch phng a B; A hay a B; A )
x x 0 a1t
- Phng trnh tham s:
t
y y 0 a 2t
( Vec t ch phng a a1 ;a 2 v i qua im M x 0 , y 0 )

x x 0 y y0
a1
a2
x y
- Phng trnh on chn: 1
a b
( i qua hai im A a ; 0 , B 0; b )
b. Gc gia hai ng thng.
- Phng trnh chnh tc:
Gi n1 v n 2 l hai VTPT ca hai ng thng 1 v 2 . Khi :
cos(1 , 2 ) cos(n1 , n 2 )
| n1 .n 2 |
| n1 || n 2 |
| a1a 2 b1b2 |
a12 a 22 . b12 b22
c. Khong cch t mt im M x M ; yM n mt ng thng : Ax By C 0 l:
d M ,
Ax M ByM C
A2 B 2
2. ng trn.
Cc dng phng trnh ng trn:
- Dng 1. Phng trnh ng trn (C) c tm I a ; b v bn knh R l:
C : x a y b
2
R2
- Dng 2. Phng trnh dng: x 2 y 2 2ax 2by c 0 vi iu kin a 2 b 2 c 0 l phng trnh

ng trn (C) c tm I a ; b v bn knh R a 2 b 2 c .
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3. Elip.
y
B1
A
F1
B2
x2 y2
- Phng trnh chnh tc ca Elip (E): 2 2 1
a
b
- Tiu im: F1 c ;0 , F2 c ;0
a b ; c 2 a 2 b 2
- nh trc ln : A1 a ;0 , A2 a ;0
- nh trc b: B1 0; b , B2 0;b
- Tm sai: e
c
1
a
a
e
- iu kin tip xc ca (E) v : Ax By C 0 l: A2a 2 B 2b 2 C 2
4. Hypebol.
- Phng trnh ng chun: x
b
y=
B2
F1
F2
A1
A2
B1
b
y=-
x2 y2
2 1, c2 a2 b2
2
a b
- Tiu im F1 c ;0 , F2 c ;0
- Phng trnh chnh tc:
- nh trn trc thc A1 a ;0 , A2 a ;0 .

- Tm sai: e
c
a
a
e
- iu kin tip xc ca (H) v : Ax By C 0 l: A2a 2 B 2b 2 C 2
5. Parabol.
- Phng trnh ng chun: x
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B2
F2
O
- Phng trnh chnh tc: y 2 2px

p
-Tiu im F ;0
2
p
2
- iu kin tip xc ca (P) v : Ax By C 0 l: 2AC B 2 p
- Phng trnh ng chun x
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J. HNH HOC KHONG GIAN.

I . CAC HNH C BAN
1/ Hnh chop
a/ Hnh chop thng:
S
A
B
C
B
Hnh chop tam giac S.ABC

(T dien S.ABC)
C
Hnh chop t giac S.ABCD
b/ Hnh chop eu :
* Hnh chop tam giac eu (T dien eu)
S
A
I
B
*Tnh chat:
-ay la tam giac eu
-Tat ca cac canh ben bang nhau
-Tat ca cac mat ben la cac tam giac can bang nhau
-Chan ng cao trung vi tam mat ay (Tam ay la trong tam ABC)
-Tat ca cac goc tao bi canh ben va mat ay eu bang nhau
-Tat ca cac goc tao bi cac mat ben va mat ay eu bang nhau
*Chu y:
canh 2 3
4
canh 3
-ng cao eu: h
2
-Dien tch
eu
* Hnh chop t giac eu

*Tnh chat:
-ay la hnh vuong
-Tat ca cac canh ben bang nhau
-Tat ca cac mat ben la cac tam giac can bang nhau
-Chan ng cao trung vi tam mat ay (Tam ay la giao iem 2
ng cheo)
-Tat ca cac goc tao bi canh ben va mat ay eu bang nhau
-Tat ca cac goc tao bi cac mat ben va mat ay eu bang nhau
*Chu y:
-Dien tch hnh vuong : S=Canh2
-ng cheo hnh vuong: = canh 2
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2/ Hnh lang tru
Lang tru thng
Lang tru ng
Hnh lap phng
II. CAC PHNG PHAP CHNG MINH

1/ Phng phap chng minh ng thang vuong goc vi mat phang
Muon chng minh ng thang d vuong goc vi mat phang (), ta lam nh sau:
*CACH 1: Chng minh ng thang d vuong goc vi HAI ng thang cat nhau nm trong mp()
d a
d ( )
d b
a , b ( )
*CACH 2: S dung nh l:Neu hai mat phang vuong goc vi nhau th bat k ng thang nao nam trong
mat phang nay va vuong goc vi giao tuyen th cun g vuong goc vi mat phang kia
( ) ( )
d ( )
d ( )
c ( ) ( )
d c
*CACH 3: S dung nh l:Neu hai mp phan biet cung vuong goc vi mp th 3 th giao tuyen cua chung
cung se vuong goc vi mp o.
( ) ( )
c ( )
( ) ( )
c ( ) ( )
2/ Phng phap chng minh 2 ng thang vuong goc

Muon chng minh hai ng thang vuong goc ta chng minh ng thang nay vuong goc vi mot
mt phng cha ng thang kia.
d ( )
d a
a ( )
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3/ Phng phap chng minh 2 mat phang vuong goc

Muon chng minh hai mt phng vuong goc ta chng minh mt phng nay cha mot ng thang
vuong goc vi mt phng kia.
d ( )
( ) ( )
d ( )
III. CAC VAN E VE GOC
1/ Goc gia hai ng thang
nh ngha: Goc gia hai ng thang a, b trong khong gian la goc gia hai ng thang a, b nao
o cung i qua mot iem va lan lt song song vi a, b.
a
a
b
(a
, b ) (a
', b ')
2/ Goc gia ng thang va mat phang

a) nh ngha: Goc gia ng thang a va mt phng ( ) la goc gia chnh ng thang a va hnh
chieu cua no len mat phang ( )
b) Phng php thc hin.
*PP: Goi la goc can tm.
-B1: Tm giao iem O cua a va ( )
-B2: Tm ng vuong goc t ng thang a xuong
mat phang ( )
-B3: OH la hnh chieu cua a len ( )
Vay (a
,OH )
3/ Goc gia 2 mat phang
a) nh ngha: Goc gia hai mat phang la goc gia hai ng thang lan lt vuong goc vi GIAO
TUYEN cua hai mat phang o.
b) Phng php.
*PP: Goi la goc can tm
-B1: Xac nh giao tuyen c cua ( ) va ( )
-B2: Tm ng vuong goc vi mot trong hai mat phang.
-B3: T chan ng vuong goc, ha t vuong goc vi gt c tai H.
-B4: Chng minh t ha t nh ng vuong goc xuong H vuong goc
vi gt c.
Suy ra goc .
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IV. CAC VAN E VE KHOANG CACH

1. Khoang cach t mot iem en mot mp
Qua A
e xac nh khoang cach t iem A en mp ( ) ,ta tm mot t thoa: a :
( ) tai H
Khi o : AH la khoang cach can tm
*Lu y:
Neu AB cat ( ) tai I th
d ( A, ( )) IA
d ( B, ( )) IB
2. Khoang cach gia ng thang va mp song song la khoang cach t mot iem bat k tren t en
mp
AB ( ) d (AB , ( )) IH , I AB
3. Khoang cach gia hai mp song song la khoang cach t mot iem bat k tren mp nay en mp kia
( ) ( ) d (( ), ( )) d (A, ( )), A ( )
d (B , ( )), B ( )
4. Khoang cach gia hai ng thang cheo nhau
Nhac lai: ng vuong goc chung cua 2 t cheo nhau a, b la t cat a, b va ong thi vuong goc vi
2 t o.
*TH1: a, b cheo nhau va a b . Khi o:
PP:
Cha b
-B1: Tm mp ( )
a tai A
-B2: T A ke AB b tai B
AB la oan vuong goc chung cua
a va b
Vay d (a , b ) AB
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*TH2: a, b cheo nhau ong thi co mp ( ) cha b va song song vi a

PP:
-B1: Lay M a ,ke MH ( ) tai H
-B2: T H dng a ' a , cat b tai B
-B3: T B dng t MH cat a tai A
AB la oan vuong goc chung
Vay d (a, b) AB MH d ( M , ( ))
*TH3: Trng hp tong quat
PP
- Dng mp ( ) vuong goc vi a tai O. Dng hnh chieu vuong goc b cua b tren ( )
- Dng hnh chieu vuong goc H cua O tren b. T H dng t song song vi a cat b tai B
- T B dng t song song vi OH, cat a tai A
oan AB la oan vuong goc chung
d(a,b) = AB = OH
MOT SO CONG THC ANG NH:
Shnh vuong = canh 2
Din tch h nh ch nht = di . rng
ng cheo hnh vuong = canh . 2
Shnhtron= R 2
1
Din tch tam gic thng = (cnh y.ng cao)
2
The tch khoi chop V =
Din tch tam gic thng =

goc vuong)
Din tch tam gic u =
1
a . b (a, b la 2 canh
2
canh 2 3
4
1
(Say cao)
3
The tch khoi lang tru V = Say cao
4
The tch khoi cau V= R 3
3
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Dien tch mat cau S= 4R 2
canh 3
ng cao tam gic eu =
2
1
Shnh thang = (ay nho + ay ln) cao
2
Tam gic ABC vung ti A:
The tch khoi non V=
1
1
1
2
2
AH
AB AC 2
1
1
(Say cao)= R 2h
3
3
The tch khoi tru V= Say cao = R 2h
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K. S PHC
1. nh ngha s phc v cc khi nim lin quan
nh ngha :
S phc l mt biu thc c dng a bi ; trong a , b v i 2 1 .
Tp hp cc s phc c k hiu l .
Nu z a bi th a gi l phn thc v b l phn o ca s phc z .
z gi l s thc kh i a 0
z gi l s thun o khi b 0
Cc khi nim lin quan :
Cho s phc z a bi . Khi :
Mi s phc z a bi c biu din bi mt im M a ;b trn mt phng ta Oxy.
z OM a 2 b 2 gi l moun ca s phc z .
S phc z a bi gi l s phc lin hp ca s phc z .
Hai s phc bng nhau :

Cho s phc z a bi v z a b i . Khi :
a a
z z
b b
2. Cc php ton trn tp hp s phc

Php cng, tr, nhn hai s phc :
a bi c di a c b d i
a bi c di a c b d i
a bi c di ac bd ad bc i
Ch :
Cc php ton : cng, tr, nhn hai s phc thc hin nh rt g n biu thc i s thng thng
vi ch rng i 2 1 .
Cc quy tc i s p dng trn tp s thc vn c p dng trn tp s phc.
Cho z a bi . Khi : z .z a 2 b 2 .
Php chia hai s phc :
z z .z
z 0 .
z z .z
S phc nghch o ca z z 0 : z 1
1
z
3. Phng trnh bc hai

Cn bc hai ca s thc m :
Cho a l s thc m. Khi a c hai cn bc hai l : i a v i a .
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Cch gii phng trnh bc hai vi h s thc :
az
bz c 0;a , b , c ;a 0 .
Tnh b 2 4ac .
Kt lun :
b
.
2a
b
Nu 0 th phng trnh c mt nghim kp thc z1 z 2
.
2a
Nu 0 th c hai cn bc hai l i v i . Khi phng trnh c hai nghim phc
Nu 0 th phng trnh c hai nghim thc phn bit z1,2
phn bit l z1
b i
2a
Dang lng giac cua so phc
v z 2
b i
2a
4.1 Dang lng giac cua z = a + bi (a, b R, z 0) la:
r a 2 b 2
z = r (cos i sin ) cos

r
sin r
+ la mot acgumen cua z.
+ (Ox ,OM )
4.2 Nhan chia so phc di dang lng giac.
Neu z = r(cos i sin ) , z ' r '(cos ' i sin ') th :
a) z .z ' r .r '[cos( ') i sin( ') ]
z r
b)
[cos( ') i sin( ')]
z' r'
4.3 Cong thc Moa-vr : n N * th [r (cos i sin )]n r n (cos n i sin n )
4.4 Can bac hai cua so phc di dang lng giac :
Can bac hai cua so phc z = r(cos i sin ) (r > 0) la : r (cos
va r (cos
i sin )
2
2
i sin ) r [cos( ) i sin( )]

2
2
2
2
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Bng tm tt cng thc Ton hc ph thng

Trng PTTH Ng Thi Nhim

TM TT CNG THC TON CP 3

Gio vin bin son: Trng Hoi Trung

Bng tm tt cng thc Ton hc ph thng

Trng PTTH Ng Thi Nhim

3. Phng trnh bt phng trnh cha tr tuyt i

4. Phng trnh bt phng trnh cha cn

B. H THC LNG TRONG TAM GIC THNG .

Gio vin bin son: Trng Hoi Trung

Bng tm tt cng thc Ton hc ph thng

Trng PTTH Ng Thi Nhim

3. Cng thc tnh din tch tam giac:

PHNG PHP CHUNG

Bng tm tt cng thc Ton hc ph thng

Trng PTTH Ng Thi Nhim

3. H PHNG TRNH I XNG LOI HAI.

trnh (1) tr thnh phng trnh (2) v ngc li.

CNG THC LNG GIC.

1. Cc cung lin quan c bit

1.3 Hai cung ph nhau: ( v

1.4 Hai cung hn, km : ( v )

cos x sin x ; sin x cos x ;

Ghi nh: cos i; sin b; ph cho; hn, km tan, cot .

Gio vin bin son: Trng Hoi Trung

Bng tm tt cng thc Ton hc ph thng

Trng PTTH Ng Thi Nhim

2. Cc cng thc lng gic c bn

sin(a b ) sin a .cos b cos a .sin b

4. Cng thc nhn

cos 3a 4 cos3 a 3cos a

6. Cng thc bin i tng thnh tch

Bng tm tt cng thc Ton hc ph thng

Trng PTTH Ng Thi Nhim

7. Cng thc bin i tch thnh tng

PHNG TRNH LNG GIC

DNG 1. PHNG TRNH LNG GIC C BN

DNG 2. PHNG TRNH BC HAI I VI MT HM S LNG GIC

Bng tm tt cng thc Ton hc ph thng

Trng PTTH Ng Thi Nhim

Chia hai v ca PT cho a 2 b 2 ,

DNG 4. PHNG TR NH THUN NHT BC HAI THEO SINU V COSU

k c tha phng trnh (2) khng ?

B1: Xt cos u 0 . Kim tra u

a sin u cos u b sin u cos u c 0 (3)

t t = sin x cos x 2 sin(x ) (*)

Th vo (3) ta c phng trnh bc hai theo t.

Mt s cng thc quan trng

sin u cos u 2 sin u 2 cos u

sin u cos u 2 sin u 2 cos u

1 s in2x sin x cos x

Gio vin bin son: Trng Hoi Trung

Bng tm tt cng thc Ton hc ph thng

Trng PTTH Ng Thi Nhim

2. Bng cng thc tnh o hm.

(a u ) ' a u .ln a .u '

(tan x ) ' 1 tan 2 x

(cot x ) ' (1 cot 2 x )

(tan u ) ' (1 tan 2 u ).u '

Gio vin bin son: Trng Hoi Trung

Bng tm tt cng thc Ton hc ph thng

Trng PTTH Ng Thi Nhim

F. CNG THC M LOGARIT.

CNG THC LOGARIT