2010

1. ...................................2
2. .................5
2.1. .............................................................5
2.1.1
.............................................................................................................6
2.1.2 ....................................................6
2.1.3
......................................................................................9
2.1.3.1
.............................................................................................10
2.1.3.2
............................................................11
2.2. - ..................................11
2.2.1 ............................................................13
2.2.2
............................................................................................17
2.3. ................................21
2.3.1 ........................................................................21
2.3.2 .........................................................23
2.3.2.1 ........................................................................24
2.3.2.2 ..................24
2.3.2.3 ..................................25
2.3.2.4 .................................25
2.4. .....................................................................26
2.4.1 ...........................28
2.4.2 ....................................30
............................................................................32
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1997

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, 2002).

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sign signature

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14

et al., 1997).

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15

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girls girls.

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Bryant & Nunes, 1998

Nunes, Bryant & Bidman, 1997,

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25

2.4




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(Markman, 1981). ,
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.
Garner, Alexander, Slater, Hare, Smith, Reis (1986)
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26

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. Harris, Kruithof. Terwogt, Visser (1981)

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status ,
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27



Fayol (1978), 8 9

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.
2.4.1
Sharon Murphy (1986)
.

) : (.. Biggs, 1979)

.
) ,
Colins Smith (1982)

28

( .. ,
, ).
)
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.
, ()

.
.
.
Gombert (1990)
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.
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29

2.4.2

1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7) ,

8)

30

9)

10)

J. Giasson, La comprehension en lecture, De Boeck,

1990.
: .

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. . (1993). . : .
Warburton, . (1992). . : .
. . (1992). . : .
, . (1980): , .
- . (1997): . : .
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. . (1998). , , , : Gutenberg .
,
, 1995.

35

36

37

38