CHNG 5

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

KIM SOT D N

NI DUNG
Gii thiu cng tc kim sot d n
Kim sot chi ph theo phng php truyn thng
Kim sot chi ph theo phng php gi tr thu c
Bi tp

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

S CN THIT CA KIM SOT D N

Cm by ca nhng bo co qu lc quan
Khng ng
thi hn
Cng vic c
hoch nh

Tin trin c
bo co

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Tin trin
t c

S CN THIT CA KIM SOT D N

m bo d n t mc tiu ra
Thy sm nhng vn pht sinh
Trao i thng tin vi cc bn lin quan
Khuyn khch nhn vin, ti khng nh cam kt vo
mc tiu d n
Rt ra bi hc

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

VNG I D N V CC GIAI ON
KIM SOT, NH GI D N
nh gi
ph chun
nh gi
ph chun

XC
XC
NH
NH

HOCH
HOCH
NH
NH

- Mc ch

- WBS

- Mc tiu

- Lp KH ti chnh

- Thit k DA

- Thi gian biu DA

- Nhn s & t chc
- K thut/ hu cn
- Gim st/ kim tra

Kim sot

nh gi cui k,
bo co cui k

nh gi
tip theo
Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

nh gi
nhu cu

THC
THC
HIN
HIN

KT
KT
THC
THC

- Cc hot ng v
kt qu

- Chuyn giao/
bn giao

- nh gi
tc ng

- G tin v
vic thc hin

- Kha s

- Bi hc rt
ra

- Thanh ton

2 5 10
nm sau

- Gii quyt vn
- Giao tip
5

MC CH CA NH GI D N
C ci nhn ton din v h thng v hin trng d n
C nh gi c lp v khch quan v vic thc hin
d n
Thm kinh nghim cho cc d n tng t
nh gi hiu qu ca Ban qun l v H thng gim
st d n
Bi hc trao i

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

NH GI D N
L qu trnh nhn nh d n mt cch h thng v
khch quan v:
Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Vic thc hin d n trn tng th

Tnh hiu qu/ hp l ca chin lc v thit k d n
Nhng nh hng/ tnh bn vng ca kt qu
Nhng bi hc, kinh nghim cn thit

Cng vic khng thng xuyn

C s tham gia ca chuyn gia bn ngoi
7

KIM SOT D N

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Thu thp s liu, thng tin v

vic thc hin d n, nhng
thay i ca mi trng

So snh s liu thu thp v k

hoch, tiu chun, tc ng
mong mun

Hiu chnh

GIM ST D N

Qu trnh kim tra thng xuyn tin trnh d n trong

sut thi gian thc hin/ vn hnh d n

Mc tiu: cung cp thng tin ra quyt nh

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

PHM VI KIM SOT

Qun l thu mua

Qun l phm vi
Qun l thi gian

Qun l mi trng

PHM VI
KIM SOT

Qun l truyn
t thng tin

Qun l cht lng

Kim sot thay i

H tr k thut
Qun l ngun lc

Qun l nhn lc

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Qun l chi ph

Kim sot cc yu cu v cht lng

Kim sot thi gian
Kim sot chi ph

10

PHM VI KIM SOT

Qun l phm vi:

Ti

liu hoch nh

iu khon d n
Cu trc phn vic
Danh sch cc cng vic/ bng NVL
Bn v
c tnh k thut
Danh sch cc b phn, ph tng
Hp ng

liu kim sot

Nhng truyn t thng tin v d n

Nhng pht biu tc ng
Nhng bin i v hiu chnh
Nhng yu cu thay i
Nhng nhng b
Bo co kt thc

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Ti

11

PHM VI KIM SOT

H tr k thut:
Ti

liu hoch nh

Nhng bn tm tt ca khch hng

Nhng iu lut quy nh
Nhng c tnh k thut
Nhng tnh ton thit k
Nhng phng php xy dng

liu kim sot

Kim sot cu hnh

Nhng pht biu tc ng
S y nhim
Bn v c sa i

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Ti

12

PHM VI KIM SOT

Qun l thi gian: phc tho trnh t v thi gian v

phm vi cng vic
liu hoch nh

Biu mc thi gian

S thanh ngang
S mng

Ti

liu kim sot

Bo co tin trin (thc t & k hoch)

S thanh ngang
S thanh ngang hiu chnh
Gi tr thu c
Ti liu v xu hng

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Ti

13

PHM VI KIM SOT

Ti

liu hoch nh

Danh sch NVL, ph tng

Hoch nh yu cu nguyn vt liu
Ngn sch thu mua

Ti

liu kim sot

n mua hng
Bo co tnh trng tin hnh
Tin v ngn sch thu mua sa i

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Qun l thu mua hng ha: xc nh r nhng khon

mc phi mua, ng c tnh k thut, ng tin
v ngn sch

14

PHM VI KIM SOT

Qun l ngun lc: cng vi qun l thi gian to ra

nhng d bo v ngun lc
liu hoch nh

D bo ngun lc
S sn c v ngun lc
Biu tn sut v ngun lc c iu ha

Ti

liu kim sot

Bng thi gian

Biu tn sut hiu chnh v ngun lc

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Ti

15

PHM VI KIM SOT

Qun l chi ph: phn b ngn sch v dng tin ti

gi cng vic
liu hoch nh

Cu trc phn b chi ph

Cc ngn sch cho cng vic (hot ng)
Cc ngn sch phng ban
Bo co dng tin t

Ti

liu kim sot

Cc bo co chi tiu (thc t v k hoch)

Chi ph c giao v chi ph ti thi im hon thnh
Ngn sch sa i
Gi tr thu c

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Ti

16

PHM VI KIM SOT

Kim sot thay i: khi d n tin trin, phm vi cng

vic c sa i v kim sot thng qua:
thng tin v d n
Nhng pht biu tc ng
Nhng bo co v s khng ph hp
Nhng yu cu v nhng b v thay i
Nhng sa i v bn v
Nhng n hng c sa i v thay i
Nhng iu khon ph thm trong hp ng
Nhng sa i v c tnh k thut v cu hnh

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Nhng

17

PHM VI KIM SOT

Qun l cht lng:

Ti

liu hoch nh

K hoch cht lng d n

K hoch kim sot cht lng
Danh sch cc b phn v tiu chun/c tnh k thut

liu kim sot

Cc bo co iu tra
Nhng bo co v s khng ph hp
Nhng nhng b
Nhng yu cu thay i
Bn v c sa i
S tay d liu v s tay vn hnh
S y nhim

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Ti

18

PHM VI KIM SOT

Qun l vic truyn t thng tin:

Ti

liu hoch nh

Cc knh truyn t thng tin

Danh sch ti liu c kim sot
Danh sch phn phi
Thi gian biu ca cc cuc hp v hi tho

liu kim sot

S chuyn giao
Bin bn ca cc cuc hp

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Ti

19

PHM VI KIM SOT

Qun l ngun nhn lc:

Ti

liu hoch nh

Cu trc t chc d n
Ma trn trch nhim
M t cng vic
Cc th tc cng vic

liu kim sot

Bng thi gian

nh gi thnh qu t c

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Ti

20

PHM VI KIM SOT

Qun l mi trng:
Ti

liu hoch nh

Nhng quy tc v lut l

Cc vn v mi trng

liu kim sot

Nhng bo co v mi trng

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Ti

21

KIM SOT D N

Kim sot d n
Bn

Kim sot cho ai?

Chnh

ban QLDA
C quan thc hin (ch d n)
UBND v cc b phn chc nng lin quan
B ch qun, b u t, v cc c quan c lin quan
trong chnh ph
Cc nh ti tr
T vn Nh thu Nh cung cp
Cc c quan truyn thng, t chc x hi, nhn dn a
phng v cc nhm quan tm khc

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

trong: do pha thc hin d n (nh thu)

Bn ngoi: do pha khch hng hoc i tc c lp

22

QUY TRNH KIM SOT & NH GI D N

BT U
Cng b k hoch u tin
Cng b k hoch
hiu chnh

So snh tin trin v mc tiu

Tha mn?

Khng

Thc hin hnh

ng hiu chnh

C
D n c
hon thnh?
C

Khng

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Thu thp thng tin v d n

Kt thc d n
nh gi d n

Kt lun

KT THC

23

THNG TIN CHO VIC KIM SOT V

NH GI D N
Khi lng cng vic hon thnh, cht lng cng
trnh
Thi gian v ngun lc s dng
Ri ro lm d n khng ng theo k hoch

tin
Vt chi ph
Ngun lc thay i

Nhng kh khn c th xy ra

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Tr

24

SO SNH TIN TRIN V MC TIU D N

Yu cu k thut: gia yu cu k thut a ra vi
thc t t c

Tin d n: gia thi gian d kin v thi gian

thc t

Chi ph thc hin: gia chi ph, ngn sch theo d tr

vi chi tiu thc t

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

25

CC L DO KHIN D N KHNG NG
THEO K HOCH
VT CHI PH

NGUN LC
THAY I

Thi tit xu
Thit b h hng
Thiu vn
Khan him NVL
c tnh thi
gian qu ngn
Cc cng vic b
chnh mng

Vt qu thi
gian
S dng nhiu
nhn lc hn
S dng nhiu
thit b hn
CP nhn lc cao
hn
CP NVL cao hn
Cc cng vic b
chnh mng

Thit b h hng
Nhn vin b
bnh
Nhn vin ngh
vic
CP nhn lc cao
hn
c tnh ngun
lc qu thp

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

TR TIN

26

KH KHN TRONG KIM SOT D N

Ch nhn mnh mt s yu t, vd: ch nhn mnh vo
chi ph, b qua yu t thi gian, cht lng
Quy trnh kim sot gp s phn i/ khng ng
Thng tin thng khng chnh xc hoc khng c
bo co y
Thi t bo v, t bin h dn n thnh kin/
thng tin thin lch
Cc nh qun l c quan im khc nhau v vn
cn tranh ci
Cc c ch bo co thng tin v hch ton khng
ng

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

27

KIM SOT D N
Kim sot chi ph d n theo truyn thng

Kim sot chi ph d n theo gi tr lm ra (kt hp

thi gian v chi ph)

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

28

KIM SOT CHI PH D N THEO

TRUYN THNG
S dng cc bo co chi ph c gim st mt cch
ring r i vi mt cng vic/ mt nhm cng vic
trong WBS
Ni dung bo co

t cng vic
Tin theo thi gian
Ai l ngi chu trch nhim
Ngn sch theo thi gian
Ngun lc (nhn lc, trang thit b, vt liu) yu cu

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

29

KIM SOT CHI PH D N THEO

TRUYN THNG

Nhc im:
Khng

CP theo k hoch
ca giai on 2 l
12.000 USD

CP thc t ca giai
on 2 l 14.000
USD

S khc bit trong

giai on 2 l 2.000
USD

CP tch ly theo k
hoch n thi
im hin ti l
25.000 USD

CP tch ly thc t
S khc bit tch ly
n thi im hin ti l 4.000 USD
l 29.000 USD

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

cho bit bao nhiu khi lng cng vic c

hon thnh
Khng cho bit chi ph trong tng lai s l bao nhiu nu
mun hon thnh d n

30

KIM SOT CHI PH THEO

PP. GI TR LM RA

pht trin ca h thng PERT/COST

Tiu ch h thng kim sot chi ph tin nm 1967

tng hp c thi gian v chi ph nh gi tin trin DA

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

PP. cc tiu ch h thng kim sot tin / chi ph

(Cost/Schedule Control System Criteria)

31

Khong thi gian

trc tin

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

CP/ gi tr tch ly

CP/ gi tr
hoch nh

Khon ng
gp thm

Gi tr lm ra

CP tch ly
thc t
Thi gian

32

CC I LNG NH GI
TIN TRIN D N
lng phn tch v kt qu

lng phn tch v sai lch

Ch

s kt qu cng vic

bo chi ph thc hin tng lai

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

33

Cc i lng phn tch kt qu v sai lch

theo phng php gi tr lm ra
140

120

c tnh chi ph
hie
u ch
nh

Chi ph
vt qua

110
100
90
80
70

BCWS

ACWP

60

AV

50

SV

CV

40

Th
i gian
cha
m tre
d kie
n

30
BCWP

20

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

c tnh chi ph co
n lai

Th
i ie
m
ba
o ca
o

130

Chi ph tch lu
y (%)

Th
i gian
Th
i gian
hoa
n tha
nh
hoa
n tha
nh
d kie
n ban a
u hie
u ch
nh

TV

10
0
0

10

11

12

Sotha
ng

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22 23

34

I LNG PHN TCH V KT QU

BCWS:

chi ph d tnh ca cng vic theo k

hoch (D chi)
lng ngun lc c tnh theo n v tin
c hoch nh l s chi thc hin mt cng
vic c th trong mt khong thi gian nht nh
ca k hoch

BCWS

Ngn sch d tnh cho

ton b cng vic

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

% cng vic c
hoch nh cho n
thi im xem xt
35

I LNG PHN TCH V KT QU

ACWP:

chi ph thc s ca mt cng vic c

thc hin trong mt giai on thi gian (Thc chi)
NVL mua trc?
Nu NVL mua tr chm?
Chi ph qun l?

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

Nu

36

I LNG PHN TCH V KT QU

BCWP:

chi ph d tnh ca cng vic c thc hin (gi tr lm ra)

tnh gi tr lm ra trong thc t:

S dng phn xt ch quan

Da trn s lng cc n v sn phm lm ra
S dng cc mc tng trng: cc gi tr nh mc ca cc mc d n

Ngn sch d tnh

cho ton b cng
vic

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

BCWP

% cng vic thc s

lm cho n thi
im xem xt

37

CC I LNG PHN TCH SAI LCH

Sai lch v tin SV

SV BCWP BCWS
Sai lch v chi ph CV

CV BCWP ACWP

Sai lch k ton AV

AV BCWS ACWP

Sai lch thi gian TV

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

TV SD BCSP

SD (Status Date): ngy nh gi d n

BCSP (Budgeted Cost of the Schedule Performed): thi im m
BCWS - BCWP

38

CC CH S KT QU CNG VIC

Ch s kt qu v tin SPI

SPI BCWP / BCWS

Ch s kt qu v chi ph CPI

CPI BCWP / ACWP

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

39

Cc ch s kt qu cng vic ca d n

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

40

D BO CHI PH THC HIN TNG LAI

D bo chi ph hon thnh phn vic cn li ca

d n

FCTC

(Forecast Cost to Complete Project)

BCAC (Budgeted Cost at Completion)

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

ACWP ( BCAC BCWP )

FCTC ( BCAC BCWP ) x

BCWP
CPI

Chi ph d bo cho ton b d n

FCAC ACWP FCTC

FCAC

(Forecast Cost at Completion)

41

BT 5.1
Cc

Chng 5: KIM SOT D N

i lng phn tch v kt qu

(BCWS, ACWP, BCWP)
Cc i lng pt v sai lch (SV, CV,
AV) -> nhn xt tng i lng
Cc ch s kt qu cng vic (SPI, CPI)
-> nhn xt cc kt qu

42