HORNOLE. IISKOMIES VILLAINOUS VICTORIANS TERRY DEARYVor Ben and Sam Goakes- who are not villai Vietorians (well, they're not Vietorians). 1D ‘To Richard Smith, for all the no worries. MB Gontents Introduction ‘Terrible timeline 1830s~1840s Cruel criminals Cruel to kids Hanging around ‘Terrible timeline 150s-1860s Mr Peel's pained police Wicked for women Foul fun ‘Terrible timeline 1870s-1890s Talk like a villainous Victorian Criminal cures Test your teacher Tip ten villainous Vietorians Epilogue 13 26 43 54 58 68 8 92 9 10+ 109 116 126Introduction History is horrible, People in the past did dreadful things to fone another and committed terrible crimes. ‘They still do But by the 1800s the laws had become even more cruel than the crimes! Ifyou were caught chopping down someone else’ tree you could be hanged! 7 SPECIAL, ARE YOU SOME SORT o BRANC! OF TREE POLICE? & RANE ‘The laws became so eruel you eould feel just as sorcy far the villains as for the vietims! ‘The prisons were full of poor people who pinched pennies by picking pockets. Posh people didn’t have to mug and murder to make money. They owned the filthy factories and murky mines where the poor slaved and suffered. Many: mine owners. dida’t mind how many died in their damp and gas-filled pits, as long as they themselves made lots of money. So, in the dark days of Queen Vietoria, who were the real villains? ‘The poor, pilfering people of the slums? Or the‘mean, miserly men in their massive mansions? And how would YOU hav ‘Yeachers may cell sou Victoria's Britain was an exciting aad HASAN Mae AIRS Neue SSLONe ot on in those terrible times? Buri was also a time of erueley and wickedness. What you need is @ book that tells yeu the other sie of the story — the vitlainous Victorians. Now where wil you find a book like that..2 Terrible timeline 1830s-1840s 1837 In July 1837 a seriously weird artist, Robest Cocking, jumped from under a hot-air balloon wo testa parachure, Robert was 6L years old in 1897—) ©) They were policemen,i2W SalSOWLIy FH NARS Sb SIX 3H ISG (sixes uwcap s204 ur 9pou doy.) susuap qo a4ou SOupE (@ was A newspaper reported: ‘London is a battlefield of raging cabmen.” By 1863 there were 115 garrotting cases in London and other cities in Britain were starting to copy. Of course there ‘vere always ‘honest’ people who made money out of people’s fear An the 1860s a new type of men’s clothing appeared. ~ SCARED OF GARROTTERS? ‘| PROTECT YOURSELF WITH OUR NEI LEATHER COLLAR Wear this tough leather, fal round | ey your neck and fee! safe | (3! b) NO GARROTTER CAN HARM YOU WHILE YOU) WEAR THS WONDERFUL INVENTION | * Sinart and corer table boo ONLY 2 SHILLINGS EACH al Putrid punishments Of course, the villainous Victorians couldn't be allowed to get avay with their vicious crimes, When they were caught they were punished ... and [ mean PUNISHED. Would you nab a ‘kettle and tackle’ if you could be whipped for it? Here's a report of one beating from Leeds Jil vor = % Her Majesty Queen Victoria's Jail - Leeds Date S finvary, 6? Prisoner: Homer Beaumont, age @7 Crimes Garredting and cob rag bredam Leckenion butte aeee bassbury Sentence: Ate c gears m prisen, 24 lathes Report: he criminal wat Aint shapped 9 Aisagie a wed. The officer used ¢ new | cat neg nine-farls whip 9 whys wai, une strands and three hard back aP He ead ofeach strand, Seauroat ek Ke eat stake oi wilence, Aber the Second he tried ant om parr ard agter the Morel he tried, Ch, dhar me! Ap Me | : Vieas loud guiekiy ha net gres "| Acer, Afver fo vate hasbeck dagen : 4 shew mecks flow the tathany bythe cod off the lesting vig He wes Seream ing: im fo my : And you thought detention as bad?Cruel to criminals Victorian punishments could be a bit harsh, even if the villain was a child. Ifyou were Tucks, though, you'd just be fined ‘Some of these fine crimes are true and some are false, Can you tell the ine-crime from the fake...? Praise Norces 0 Racing gear dog obeag the sheet Gand dating on the wrantr) 2 Being cheeky fea Reacher 5. Seowbadting b| 4 Fargetting fo oe gour homewerk 5. Mieling on the pavement. L) 6. Eating a pork pe ofer Jom, | 2 Being « man bat dressed vt homens clothes 8. Lauighing 1 school, 2 Shaking 4 carpet th te steed alter fam 10 Pabtag your Soapye cut af your a the 11. dumping yeur dead tot th the reo 1. Geer ai church. 13 Tarwiiag orange pect on the ravement NN tz Eating score oh class. | 2. Fake, fasers: 1 ‘True. Three boss who respassed on a man’s land | vsere each fined just one penny but racing your dogs an the road would cost you a pound. 3. Troe Sowing rls could ger son afin skin | 6 Fake 7. ‘True, James Wilson got away with a fine of two 5 hue | shilings and siz pene (129) or resingat worn, | ANE“UP THIS MORNING, WAS IT MY LIP-LINER THAT GAVE ME AWAY? 8 False, Being happy in school wasn’t a rime, but being happy in the streer could be! In 1873 Peter MeKenna was fined {2 for whistling, singing and | ne (TS. FAIR GOP LAS \ | at ir RUSHED Ain My | dancing in the street. | 9 Thue. | 10 False 11 True. You could be fined up to £5 for dumping a dead animal, rotten meat or poo in the street. | 12 False. | 13 ‘Diue. ‘Throwing orange peel cost one young mana | {2p fine in 1873 and it's stil a exime today, (So is being drunk xe of a horse and cart, which cost someane {in the 1860) 14 False,Putrid prisons Putrid prisons were for more serious crimes, Were these punishments fiir? Or foul? @ In 1846 William Cleghorn killed Michael! Riley in a boxing match and went to prison for six months. ¢ In 1873 Thomas Clark sent a chimney sweep lad up a 30- centimetre-wide pipe where the boy suffocated to death Clark got six months in prison ‘¢ In 1875 Isabella Reilly went to prison for seven years for stealing a purse with £10 in it, Isabella was 19 years old, PALS ai | BSE AND Beth Gur GuHekeat LAN er ar ‘# William Lee stole a dress that had been put out to dry and {gota whipping as well as two months in prison, ‘# Eleven-year-old Billen Woodman was part of a gitl gang caught stealing scrap metal, She was sent to prison for seven days. =p AVERY SHORT SENTENCE"), AR HAHA! VERY FUN! Horribly hard labour ‘When conviets went to prison they didn’t justsitaround and chat. They had to work ~ taking thick, rough, used ships? ropes and untwisting them so the material could be used again. The work often made their fingers bleed 20 But it was even tougher when the judge sent them to jal vith ‘bard labour’. Sometimes this meamt breaking stones ‘with 2 hammer. And ifthere weren't any stones to be broken, the prisoners were often given silly jobs just to echaust them, Jobs lke P SHOT DRILL Pen teeiecy (Our reporter has been inside Pentonville Prison 10 see the conditions there. He is happy to report those evil ‘men are really suffering. If you've ever had your pocket picked or your house burgled then you'll be glad to see this, dear reader. Here isthe sort of punishment a man can expectit he is sentenced to hard labour. 1 There are three lines of men. At the end of each line is @ pyrarmid built from cannonballs. Fach ball is as heawy as asack af coal 2 The man on the end must lifta cannonball off the top and put it down, The next man must pick it up. 3 So each cannonball goos along the line. The last man puts it down at his end of the line. 24 This goes on until the | pyramid has been built at the ‘ther end of the line, Once that has been done, they bogin to move it back again. 5 This goes on and on, g backwards and forwards for |. an hour and 2 quarter. By thistime the men are quite HE iafisy Mom out |) Maybe they will remember this next time they think |: about stealing your wallet! A reporter said che men worked tll they sweated. A few seconds’ rest might be allowed but mostly the prison warders, shouted! and bullied the men to keep going. A warder sad. [Mh hardest parti pickin the cammonctal Theres \ nothing to get hold of aud thei hay s are slippery with | |. sweat an the a greasy hall The work makes the shoulders very stiff ton E lessons look ess, doesn't Anyone who failed to do the ‘Shot drill” could be sent work ‘the eran’, That is, tuminga handle on a machine ~a handle that a strong man could turn once every three seconds. But in Birmingham Prison the punishment was to turn it ten thousand times. Even a fit man would take over ‘eight hours to finish. THIS IS A WIND=UP 0 Prison pain ‘Young criminals would also be set to work on the crank. If they failed they were. fe fastened into a straitjacket; « tied, standing, to the wall of their cell for four to six | hours Whey fainted they had a bucket of cold water thrown over them ‘This happened to one boy called Lloyd ‘Phomas three days in a row. Lloyd was ten years old. Another boy, Eabw Andrews, refused to work the erank. He was punished for ‘nwo months before he managed to hang himself, Edward was 15 years old. No one was punished for the cruelty that drove Edward to kill himself ‘The crank: was ast used in 1898. Try and Fry again One woman, Flizaheth Fry, led the fight to make 1800s prisons less cruel. In Preston Prison the treadmills were replaced with weaving looms so the prisoners could do some useful work, Good idea? Not everyone agreed, Some people fought against her. They said prison should be tough.‘The Reverend Sydney Smith, for example, argued that... (A PRISON SHOULD BE A PLACE OF. UN SHMENT $e ‘AND 1 SHOULD FILL fi MAN WITH HORRG| 6X _/T SHOULD BEA PLAGE OF ‘en sure a \ 1 i PRINFUL TO REMENBER TERRIBLE TOIMAGINE) i 2 Fonan eaninn a ean (WORK SHOULD BE AS DULL AS POSSIBLE =PUSHING AND PULLING INSTEAD OF READING AND WRITING can seo BE NO any WATER ue AN LOUR, Pulies Foe THEVES, ARE, GREEDY PEOPLE OS ere (ras ry 58 LESAN WOLAN (avis NO THE WAY Te OPC Bur Mrs Pry slowly made changes, Thanks to her there were: «separate prisons for men and women; ‘© different punishments for serious and not-so-serious erimes; ‘© useful work and trainings ‘¢ better food, warmth and clothing for al ¢ PAH! THAT WOMAN QUGHT TO BE LOCKED UP?), =) ST . Bor it’s Liz Ery who is famous and remembered, while savage Syd is forgotten,Gruel to kids Do you ever get fed up with being treated like a kid? Want to be treated like a grown you wouldn't, Because V 2 Not if you were a Vietorian kid rian children could be punished ike adults! One bay told his story toa reporter... Our reportce met a hoy of about ton as he left prison and the boy told his story We present it heve for oar teadess, Jodge for yourselves the state of Queen Victoria's Brinin, was born in Wishech near Cambridge. My mother died ‘when I was five and my father married again. My step Is mother hated me s0 ran amy. I lived by begging snd sleeping cough ard made my vay to Loados. There asleep on doorsteps or anywhere that gave s ile shelter. suffered terribly from hunger and 2 «times I shought TA starve. | got crusts but I ean hasdly ell fhow Lived ‘THE BEGGAR'S TALE Ose aight I wae sleeping under a railway bridge when 2 policeman came along and asked me what I was op 10. 1 told him T had 20 place to go and he said [ had to go vwth him, The next moraing he took ‘me to court and told the judge there were always ft of boys SR) [P were young thieves and they ll ecarry om begging and go give 4 Jot of trouble, T'was from workhouse to workhouse rising with them so Twas to sleep. 1am unhappy but T grven 1 days in prison have 10 get used toi ‘We don’t know what happened to this boy: Did he ever find happiness? Did anyone care? Some bay's went pick-pocketing and were not bothered if they were caught. If they were sent to prison then at least ‘they had food and shelter Child cheats ‘Want to make some dishonest money? Of course you don't But if you DID, here are some tips from villainous Vietorian children you must NOT try at home... Tha shivering ddge / AND STAND ON A STREET CORNER. START SHIVERING | AND PLEADING FOR MOREY TG BUY A WARM COAT. TAKE A, WORN HANDKERCHIEF AND COUGH INTOIT AS IF You rag he shivering dodg Jenny” He ‘went on shivering so long, he couldn’t stop himself — even, when he was ina warm houseThe lociter dodge TAKE A TRAY FULL OF MATCHES TO SELL ON THE STREET AS A RICH GENT WALKS PAST, SPILL THEM AS Fe ay KNOCKED THEM OUT OF Youle HAND { ‘You can get your little friends to gather up the matches and sey it again ... and again, The fea and sugar ste SCATYER A LITILE TEA Nt iD SUK eure Te MAKE THE STORY LOOK ooo 308 | |AVE NUM NEARBY TO PRETEND TO BE A STRANGER) WD THAT ia HER ‘ AND THAT was HBR SHE, DAREN CO HONE, OBEN YOUR PURSE, ‘This dodge could earn up co 18 shillings in one morning when many workiag men didn’t make ten shillings a week The scaldrum dodge oni THE aa a WOH Sot SOAP. THE MESS aK LIKE UCLY BUS ERS i /TE THE, SOAP ON YOUR ARMS DIDNT WORK THEN ‘SGR8) JAP IN YOUR MOUTH TILL YOU FROTH AND FOAM, OR STRA\ LEG UP TO MAKE IT LOOK LIKE YOU'VE LOST ONE cp (bec FoR ME LEG! f fg TF looking ill doesn’t help then pretend to choke on a piece of dry bread. Take money to get ale to wash the dry bread from ‘your throat. >a 29Wévcéyching fils hen ry this ally dsgustingrone.. The bird: bread dodge (FIND A GARDER WHERE SOMEONE HAS THROWN STALE. enero GUT FOR THE BIRDS.PICKIT UP AND BEGIN TO EAT IT, 5 of SORRY STARL ree ee a a in maggots, Do NOT shake them off before you eat the bread ~ afterall, they make a nice bit of meat in your sandwich, Terrible transportation Really serious villains were sent to America in the 1600s. But the Americans rebelled in 1776 and refused to take any more Brit criminals —after all, they had enough of their own. About the same time as America rebelled, Captain Cook discovered Australia, A big, almast-empty place for damping British villains, They were usvally sent for 7,10 oF 14 years to suffer hard labour x0 Imagine that! Sent away from your damp slum houses, your dreadful discases, your smelly streets and your putrid ‘water to the horrible sun and fresh air of Australia. Ugh! “The journey was a punishment in itself, though. It took four or five months in a rickety sailing ship. Out of every 100. prisoners transported one would die before they even got to Australia This ‘transportation’ to Australia lasted nti the 1850s How bad did you have to be to be transported? It depended where you lived. ¢¢ In Yorkshire you were transported ifit was your third crime, « In Warwickshire and Dublin you were transported if it was your second crime, ‘# Tn Leeds and Manchester you could go to Australia for And age didn’t matter too much. Children weren't supposed to be transported till they were 14 but younger ‘ones were sent early in Victoria's reign ulWhich of these crimes would for seven years in the 18405? 1 a ehild sent to Australia Ab Ss BA mee 2 = ses 3 5 yf S.yN GR 8 tQ BN geO sun Ss Fy GS RSs AYN &s Sesh ER = & ea Sho Gio Go 4S 88 |pa4q Yee a0y sTaK w asORNE SH ~ Suny UDt pure SS=4uMy ONL RuyjEaNS 10} SHEEN HT AOy Pavrodsuen sem uO EA, PEEL GERT UF Sapa ay fq Sisnouns Ayan way sea. PEP yaKp Sea. eyENSHY OF uas FL 29pUN VOIP OH # puR E Tewsup Terrible transportation facts 1 Girls were hardly ever transported. Out of every eight convicts transported only one was a woman, inf ORL IMA GIRL, | TELL YOu? (A AARMLE HARMLESS LITTLE GIRL be 2 Young villainy were taught in a school on the ship. Who hoolmaster? A convict, of course TROT A LOT CHANGES THEN) eA i eees 3 ‘Transportation schools taught about an hour of English and an hour of maths cach day. Ar the end of the week there was alwaysa test, Gua ‘anes a (n)= = 4 The mast terrible transportation? Probably a boy sent to Auta a the age of i twa side oul bard tk property é eek HOPPY KANGA-LO0S! 00D!) 2 4 AG = eer!3 Transported villains could be punished AGAIN if they did wrong in Australia. \ transported boy of 16 grew to hate his prison officer so much that he attacked him with an axe, ‘The officer's leg was 30 badly injured that it had to be amputated. The boy was hanged. AND IE a cae eciAVE URE, WELL. BETTER IN PUNISH YOU SOME MORE Se Horrible hulks ‘When the prisons filed up, the courts had to send criminals to *hulks’. These were old ships that were too ancient and rotten to sail. They were lefe in the river (© rot and were filled G with prisoners ‘They were fy “Ta, sti iN Sowded,Jampand Fall FaBSHG a of rats | Weeeniaie “Phere was even a ‘hull? for young criminals — the Earyatus, The work vwas boring, and the Kids kept themsetves amused by bullying. “The only exeane was to fall sick and get on to the Ae ee Ra How do you get on t0 a hospital ship? Don’ try this at home WA BREAK Fan THOS RST REAT THE BUTTON TL P TO TIS REALLY HOT AND PLACE It METAL TEULRSSUMEED OU Eg ARM OR LEGIT WIL | UA BRASS BUTTON. SOAP. [fase AneSty ANPULLSIR aUits AND A BANDAGE ROP eNGUGH Fok HOSP ALTHO NOW RUG SDAP AND RUM | ITAKE OFF THE BANDAGE AND INTO THE. BARN eo COVERIT. |! YOU WiLL HAVE A LOVELY Up WITH A FORA | FESTERING SORE SHON T 70 | CuieLe eas ME. BUCTOR ARD OFF YOU GO — fe AND IF THAT DOESN'T wos, \ WHY NOT SIMPLY BREAK AN BRU?) Sometimes. friend would help you break your arm. They'd hold sour arm on a bench, then let a dinner table fall on it, Ouch!Miserable mother child was taken (o court in Birmingham. He was a thief ‘The judge said to the child’s mother IF LSET THE BOY FREE,WILL YOU TAKE ie OME AND AKL SURE'HE BEHAVES Would your mother rather sce you in prison than take you home? (Better not ask her in case she say’ yes") “Te judge had to send the boy toa hulk. The boy was too fecble to take it, and died. He wus six years and seven months ‘ld. A young Victorian villain who got what he deserved? Villainous Vietorian victim. Little devils In 1857 a new law was passed and it came up with a new way of punishing little criminals who committed little crimes, ‘What was this new punishment? a) Little devils were whipped ten times with a leather belt. 1) Litde devils were sent to school ¢) Lite devils were fastened .f CUT OFF MY FINGERS? PHEW! FOR A MINUTE in stocks and pelted with cold cabbage =| THERE | THOUGHT YOU aren WERE jet HE TD SCHOOL, a) Little devils were fastened in stocks and pelted with hot cabbage. ¢) Little devils had their we litle fingers cut off % omps 0 uos 21984 UOUpIIND muonnystund e se —AYSLI Sey |, (4 eau ‘The Industrial Schools Act of 1857 let judges send children from 7 to 14 to “industrial schools? where they would be taught reading and writing, and learn usefil sills, like sewing and woodwork In 1861 the law said the industrial schools should be used for any child... © under 14 caught begging; © found wandering homeless; © found with a gang of thiewess © under 12 who has committed a erime; under 14 whose parents say they are out of control Sce that last one? ‘That's probably why YOUVE been sentenced to school YOU CAN SEE FOR YOURSELF OFFICER, J SHES COMPLETELY OUT OF CONTROL” And industrial schools were even worse than the ones you have to go (0. Children worked from six in the morning till seven at night You'd be too tired to go ‘our of control’ after that a‘Trouble with trousers ‘What would yyw do if you were a Victorian judue? Here is 3 ‘rue case from Scotland. ‘There is no doubt that the gist is silty. She admits it, you set her free, then the posh people ofthe town will have you sacked — they don’t want thieves to get away with their crimes. (Afier all, those rich people could de next.) But how much punishment do you give this villainous Victorian girl? PS Bowmore Cour [ste oF IsLay - ScorLano | acevien age! un Aooress: The for Hoare, Hley. Dare: 0 febraary 1857 S Cane: Stealing a pa yf trourert, Sie exc broasers far tea brscatts, uhich she then ate econo: Hh actly ben fend ply eteainga pair of shoes. Ste exchanged these fer Some perraze, | Whach she ate PUNISHMENT: | Ace: Mud Hyea old! tanged te Wall, judge? You can send her to prison, send her to prison mnidh hard labour, send her for transportation to Australia, or send her (0a reform school, where she will learn useful work. Ansiner: Margaret was sent to prison in Argyll for 40 days and then she was sent to reform school in Glasgow for three years. Pretty harsh for stealing a pair of trousers worth a couple of Biscuits, a Tc wasn’t just Scotland that was tough on little villa 1875 Emily Davies (aged 13) was eaught pinching apples from a rich man’s garden in Ross-on-Wye (on the border between England and Wales). Like Margaret Cowan, she got prison followed by four years in reform school. FOUR YEARS FOR APPLES? THAT'S Emily wept as she was led offto prison. But there was good news for her. Her ease caused 50 much protest that she was set free after a few weeks. Did you know...? For being cheeky to his prison teacher James Richmond was locked in a dungeon with only wooden planks to steep on and bread and water for two days. Punishments like this, time after time, made him ill and he died in prison, James Richmond was just ten years old. 39Crime schoo! In 1870 ane la suid Chere had wo be schools for everyone This tok erimina! Kids eff dhe’ stress ‘and nt exining classrooms insted. Fan ou To are fro you ARENT Yennyseaen ASTORY. WHAT DID! TANGLE AGN NaS BE | IR MY HOLIDAYS” || TOW ene PLEASE sik YOUR iy av Tam The kids learned maths and English and so on but they did not learn speaking and listening skills ike they do in British schools tocay. What a shame! Imagine some of the ¢rae stories those criminal kids could have told. ‘This happened in London in 1848 but could have happened NK ON] KD AND iy SROTHER cr QUR SHOES SHE J OWN THEM a iy AS WELL Te HE TOOK US AND THREW ME IN, SOATMAN Sint MSHS ME OUT this really happencd. Many parents. dropped “unwanted babies into canals in Victorian times, but it was not so common for them to try to kill off grown boys’ Be Fe cUIsibe A SHOP AND. | 5 ee ane realise THE WI ND0W| PER COME Tue MES } dure i US OURCNE OF THE) = LADS Nit it AND ROBS Fils TLL | ‘Sometimes they used girls wo get the shopkeeper’s mind off his cll by talking to him. They thought shopkeepers would ‘rust girls more than boys. Hmm, 4Fo aor rusob stag, FoR TRE LAST YZ." FORINGMLSI. SIE WES UPR.) gg or RoUSTER Ds ab a Foci FOR {HEFT BECAUSE | STOLE Sik PLUMS FROH A RICH WOMAN'S GARDEN ‘The boy was eight years old when, in 1855, he was flogged and locked in prison for stealing a few plums, Did you boew..? “Thore’s a game that has been played ever since doors were invented. Burin the 1850s was against the law and children. ‘who were caught could go to prison. AME OF KNOCKING ON DOD8S AND _] oy ers ve DO NIN boots ave said peop old a se up Faso nes sometimes they threw chum at gas-lamps in the street, One boy threw mutt and was Tocked up, Hanging around Execution in Victorian Britain was by hanging Up to the year 1868 convicted people were hanged in. public — and Crowds turned up to wateh, They turned it into a bit of a holiday; One of the most famous executions of Viewria’s time was of Mr Prederick and Mrs Maria Manning. The Mannings had killed Patrick O°Connor after inviting him round to their house for a meul, O'Connor was a rich moneylender and the cur-throat couple planned to rab him, First Maria shot (Connor and then husband Frederick beat him to finish him off. Frederick told the judge EVER LIKED HIM MUCH GRY — s ‘Thank you, Frederick, I think we might have guessed that ‘The terrible twosome buried O'Connor under their kitchen floor but were found out and sentenced to hang. A public execution was also a chance for pickpocke's to work in the crowds. One thief described the fun he had at the Mannings’ hanging... Mos Musning was dresied beatiful when she came np, She screeched when the hangman pulled the beit way. ade four shillings and sispence at the hanging 1 nicked tire handkerchief aud a purse with two shaltngs in it. It amas the best purse L ever had. fe # rMrs Manning was “dressed beautifil’ in a black satin dress. After the hanging those dresses suddenly went out of fashion, Wonder why ‘As usual, reports of the murder and the hanging sold ata penny a time. These reports were called ‘broadsides’ and some of them were written in verse 1 The Manning Murders The Mannings planned O’Connor’s murder, Nothing could the poor man save. The dreadful weapons they prepared And in the kitchen dug his grave. As they fondly gave him supper They slew him - what a dreadful sight, First they mangled, then they robbed him, Frederick Manning and his wife. Old and young that do pass by, 4 Do not rob or take a life, For the murder see them hang there, Frederick Manning and his wife. , Models of the Mannings appeared in Madam ‘waxwork muscu in London, Visitors went along and threw coins at the wax dummies - though that probably didn’t hurt as much as the hanging. A reporter sneered. ers, who are very nice people! Charles Dickens was at the Manning execution and wrote about it with horror. It gave him nightmares —and he was a grown man. Dickens changed Mrs Manning's name to Hortense and put her into his book Bleak Howse. Did yor know...? “The Victorians may have been ruthless when it came to hanging people. But they were better than 30 years before. Before Victoria came to the throne, they hanged children, 4 In 1800 aboy of ten was hanged. The judge said. ‘WE DON'T WANT CAILDREN THINKING i/ ‘THEY CAN GET AWAY WITR CRIMES In 1801 a boy of 13 was hanged for breaking into a house and stealing a spoon. 45‘# In 1808 two sisters were hanged in Lynn for thefl. One was aged 11. Her litte sister was just eight. ‘© In 1831, just six years before Victoria took the throne, a ave-year-old boy was hanged at Chelmsford for sotting fire (0 a house. Anyone under seven was too young to be hanged, “Phe problem was there were no birth certificates to prove your age until 1837. So how did you know if a person was too young to hang? Scaffold school ‘But what about the children who went along to an execution? adults were sickened by the horror of hanging then surely parents worldn’t fake their children along to an execution? But many did. After all it was a lesson ‘THIS IS WHAT HAPPENS TO WICKED PEOPLE...SO BEHAVE The last man to suffer hanging in public was Michael Barrett, What might a child have made of the day of his death... | Jed out of the prison, his child asked. Ir was a picnic. Thovsands of men, women and children stood in the square outside Newgate Prison. They chattered and hhughed, and tucked into their breakfasts, A few hundred of the richer ones sat at the upstairs windows} of the houses opposite the prison. They paid good moncy | for the view. Outside the prison will stood 2 wooden phaiform. These vas. scaffold above it with a dangling noose and in the floor sas: trapdoor with a bolt. [As eight o'clock struck on the prison clack the bubble of noise dropped 10 1 murmur. The prisoner, Michael Barrett, was hands tied they doing with achilds voice piped through the quiet moraing ais. “They're going to hang hire by the neck #ill he's desd.” his mother ourmured. “Why are they doing that?” the “Because he's wicked. He killed remy people! the woman hissed. ‘A gentleman beside her si and about hundred injure. “Taclve, then. the woman sniffed “Did he shoot them” the child asked and had pictuses in his head of 2 dozen loaded guns. “Ti was twelve people dead“No, my child,’ the man sighed. "The moa on the |, were locked away in Clerkeasrell Prisoo and he tried to get them out” “How did he do that?" the child persisted. the prison wall. He thought his friends were om the other |. side of the wall and, when it was blown dow, they'd he fable to escape. ‘And did they get eway?” the child gasped. her cound eyes blinking. “No. The prisoo officers knew something wis yoing 10 hhappeo 0 they locked the prisoners away. The blast blew down the wall but it aso wrecked a lot of houses in the street called Corporation Row searby. A lot of people died! The child turned pale and looked back towards the ‘wooden platform. The prisoner in his dark red coat and striped grey trousers was climbing to the top of the platform with a steady tread, and talking to the priest who ‘was waiting there ‘Then the door in the prison wall opened again and the crowd gasped with horror. A powerful old man with 2 grey beard stepped out. He wore a tight black cap and 2 dark cfoak. He was the grimmes: and ugliest man the child had ever seen, She shronk behind her mother’s skirts “That's William Calerait ~ the excestiones! the man explained. ‘A butcher. His victims always dic a slow and painful death. Idon' know why they keep him in the job” ge | platform is Michael Barrett ~ an Irishman, His friends © “He rook 2 barrel of guapowder ard put it up aginsta grating sound as the bolt of the trapdoor was pulled. turned eway and begaa to thio. soon ... hanging men ia public will stop. Irs barbaric. “Because no ove else would do it’ the woman said. She vwas pushed in the hack as the crowd jostled and surged towards the phitform to get a better look. The child was so tight against her mother's skict that she coulda’ sec ‘what was happening atthe scaffold “The girl turned to the man. Lift me up!” she pleaded. “No. he said. He took a fountain pen and a notebook from his pocket and began to scribble words. He glanced up and saw the executiones disappest beneath the scaffold. A hush fell ow the vast crowd so great that the child covld hear sparrows fighting on the rooftops and the scratch of the man’s pen. There was 2 A “Thece wis grep {rom the crowed, then 2 roar anda half- hncarted cheer. “That what the Fenians deservel’ a mae cried, “She's fainted’ s woman groaned and the girl turned 10 see 4 young woman being carried out of the tightly packed crowd. “That's Michael Barretrs gislfriend .. poor gic’ the aman sighed and scribbled some more. “Leouldatt sce anything’ the gis! sighed as the crowd ‘The man put his pen and notebook hack in his pocket. | “And you never will’ he sid tothe gil. "What do you mean?” The man tugged his dark beard. T mean this will stop“) Something from the Middle Ages. The public have 00 right to see it ~ children should not be allowed to see it. < iw os come to fezraa fesson. They came to sce aa innocent man The giefs more rusned aa angry shade of red, “Teach the child 2 lesson, That's what happens to killers ‘The man shook his head. “The people here today dic cd with a rope” “Inaocent?’ the woman jected. “What do you kaow? A jury found him guilty. Who are you to say he didn’ do it? Eh” The girl bad never heard her mother so angey. The woman waved a finger inthe man’ face. Eh? Go on. Tell me, Who are you” she ranted. The man raised his hat politely and said quiet! same is Dickens, madam, Charles Dickens, You may have heard of me. He patted the girl on the head and turned away from the motker whose mouth hung open foolishly. “Can we go and look 2 the dead maa nov, Mues? the gil asked, ‘The mother wrapped z show! around the child's head and dragged her off down the street.’No, child, No. Lers fo home.Michael Barrett was a Fenian. ‘The Fenians were Irish people who didn’t want English Queen Victoria ruling them. ‘They tried to drive the British out with bombs and killings. In 1881 the Fenians tried to blow up Salford Army Camp but only managed to killa seven-year-old boy. ‘The Fenians were dangerous but not very successful (Chere were eight attempts to kill Queen Vietoria in 60 years ~ four of those were Irish attempts, In 1887 Victoria ‘went to Parliament to celebrate her 30 years as queen. There was a Fenian plot, just like Guy Favkes’s, to blow her up with her ministers. Several ministers knew about itand were sure they could stop the attack. They did, but they let Vie take the risk anyway!) Barrett said at his trial: I have never deliberately injured a human being. Foe \ ny country and if it would help Ireland, I ould willingly sacrifice my life 1 will meet death without a maria, ‘Many people believed him when he said) he hurt no one. “They said the potice bribed and bullied people to say they saw Barrett at the scene of the Clerkenwell explosion, Barrett hhad to die to mabe it look as if Victorias police were doing their job, ‘Many years after Barrete’s death, another Fenian admitted that he planted the bomb that exploded at Clerkenwell Barrett was inmocent. So the police were suspected of telling porkies 32 Charles Dickens was so sickened by public hangings that hhe was one of the people who spoke out against them and had them stopped. Three days after Michael Barrett was executed the Jaw was changed so no one was ever hanged in public again,Terrible timeline 1850s—1860s Famous and Fortunate Forgotten and Fated 1853 — John Snow was born | ty Wyane and brother in 1813 in a York slur. Michae! Ill a man and One of the first doctors iouse | are sentenced to being “chloroform to knock patients | “transported” 10 Austral, ‘ut before he saws off bits | Michael is too poorty to travel of their body or sticks a | but Thady leaves his wife and ‘surgeon's knife into em, Dr} seven children back in J uses Chloroform on Queen | Cutreentorpan. He should be ‘Vie So she can have a beby | famous as one of the LAST (Prince Leapold) wlth no | ever convicts to be sent to pain. vie Wkes It and makes | Australia - the Austallans slum-kid Snow rich . til he | dont want any more! But dies this year aged just 45. | Tnady is rorgotien A Sie 2 Gianna PegoLe CUT THES Tatts 4 Ub ENB OPED aha eae? ae OFF ras AND ECS, a 1854 — nice Nightingale - 2 fortimer Grimshaw isa Pre tome ers ee leader of the Preston calling her to do something | Catton Mill workers’ strike. good - leads a team of # They dont want a pay rise ~ nurses to Help the sick Brit | they just want back the money soldiers dying of disease in | the bosses have cut. The the Crimean War in 1858. | bosses close te factories and 54 (She Is realy clever at maths and it helps ber do sums that will save lives.) Becomes ill and blind for so long she lakes more nursing then sie ‘gave out! Sickly Flo doesnt enjoy fer fame much, iF You Hab 3C0n sucr {GULD RAVE RURSED YOU BEFGRE YOU DED 1857 avid Livingstone, the scottish explorer, comes back from exploring Area a herot te has discovered vast waterfalls and named them after Vietora - the creep! He has also shown the way for Brits to get into Arica - they will take diseases and Christianity in, and they will take wealth out. But Dave's a hero, so that's al right. WeTORIA FALLS) 55 tty to starve the workers ti they are forced t© go back to work. The workers give in, So Mort Grim is a failure though 12 years before, five Preston striers were shot dead. So Mort was a lucky failure, = = 'n India Beitish troops are aking over from leaders like Nana Sahib. Nana leads Ine Indian Putiny and holds frit women ang chiiaren prisoners. When the British attack him at Luctmow he has 200 of them hacked to pleces ‘and the bits thrown down well, Doesn't do him much good. Brits win ~ Nana vanishes and probably dies.1865 dward J Eyre is the ‘ward Whymper is one of jgowernor of Jamaica Ja gy oup of four Brits lo get ‘when the Jamaicans rebel | to the lop of the Matterhorn against Grit rule. Evil Edward | mountain in Switzerland. But hhad rebels shot, hanged, and | only td came back, The ‘even had heacs hacked off | others fell 1,400 metres off ‘and stuck on poles tke aruler [the mountain on to a glacier fiom the Middle Ages. He is P below ~ very careless that, brought back to Britain, where | and rather painful. Whymper allot of people think he did. a_| gets home; yet it is the ‘good job. He is not punished | famous (but splattered) leader for the 400 men and worten | Lord Francis Douglas who is he had massacred. Anice way | remembered. Whymper's no to get famcusl ‘wimp but he is forgotten. 1867 red Nobel the Suesh | (-Vhaes Bret Is & por Aine siewettisnee | Chateeman t's n tre inven tisaings | wong pace. The sh are trons cal ipamtes i. | resting Tc leader te wil ltalons oe tears} tebe group the eras, are Tvl make realy good P oresed. Tel ens bald teapntor rebel tu Aw | up the poe van an one themone for Peace ries ~ | Sergeant Bret to open the Sohellbe remembered asa] door But Bret ees, He manotpeace eventhough he | pat tise te eyo fo 36 made himself rich anc famous with something $0 deadly, Fay old wore AY PLANS son ovate HAHA 1869 Divostiterovens lon sick people using isivectant ana only 15 per cenbofhis patients ce rom his ‘operation ~ wth other doctors Jt 49 per cent. He has 2 nasty habit of doing esis by eutng up live animals. Queen vie tres to top ins bul se fats Cav-euting, ebbitsipping Dr. oes on to fame ard fortune, Animals are not amused. Lister later operates on Vie and she snakes him ‘Sr Josep Tu $ ceri oe bce hy AN stir Pret see what's happening ~ just as a Fenian puts a bullet Uwough the keyhole. Oucht = “Dp ts Josephine Butler sels up... deep breath. “The Ladies Association for the Repeal of the Contagious Diseases Acis’. The laws say homeless girls can be Injected by police doctors whether they have diseases ot nol. (Police wouldatt dare do it to me,’ Mrs Baller reckons) She wins ~ in 1886, afer 17 years! So, not a failure, but almost forgotten ~ after all those years of struggle.Mr Peel’s pained police Sir Robert Peel thought the nightwatchmen in London were pretty useless at stopping the villains, So he created the police force in 1829. When Victoria came to dhe throne police forces began to spread ll over Britain — Tike spots on aid with chicken pox They popped up overywhere. You may think people would be glad to have their local police there to protect them, Butat first they werer’tall that popular Here are 10 foul facts le’snot vory nice being called names, iit? Your teacher would hate to be called “fat face? just because she has a fat face, ‘wouldn't she? Wel policemen hated the erucl names the public called them. Vieroria’s police were called names like ‘» Peclers ~ No, NOT poteto peclers. They were named after Robert Peel who invented them. # Peel's Bloody Gang — Charming. ‘# Raw Lobsters — Not because there was something fishy about them, but because raw lobsters are blue and so is a policeman’s uniform. « Blue Devils ~ not to be confused with Manchester United FC who are nicknamed the Red Devils © Crushers — Well they could give your head a bit of @ crushing with those truncheons 58 ‘© Cheese ~ But dairy you calla policeman that today? © Cops (or Coppers) ‘The Romans used the word capere, which means 10 capture, ‘Thar’s whar palicemen did sa they became ‘caps’ and then the word changed to ‘cops! Bet your history teacher didn’t know that! # Pigs — Some things never change. #@ Rozrers — A word meaning ‘strong man! in gypsy Janguage (used from about 189). » Notes Because the police sik ther ness int vilains business? Who nose? # Slops ~ Hecause ‘s-L-o-p' is ‘police’ spelt backwards, Almost. When I looked at myself in the murser I wondered why on earth > had decided to become a pecler. My [ top hat sas sipping all over my head, ay boots wore a0 sizes eo | urge end mere rubbing the tan off | ny heels; my thick leather neck te iu let iti ine wold given all I owned to get back into ordinary clothes! . wi Ofcourse, the leather neck tie was to keep away garrotters, 9They help the villains, not us! ee ‘The law said you had to help a policeman if he ceded tI you refused, then you could go to jail, But the ordinary ‘people often helped criminals by waming them, As soon as they suw # policeman in the north of England, the ety was: “Cheese, ray lads!” Tn London children chanted, pee . T spy blue, spy black! I spy a peeler in a shiny hat! Shy) TR % (They should have been arrested for trying to rhyme ‘black’ and ‘hat’,) (AT hey lie tous (is aire nie Some children were taught by their parents to lie to the police. A man was accused of being drunk. His little aries. told the potice.. oe er thes ajiernoon. He was having shave from I pm. ill 6 pan. They arrested the mam anyway. The judge didn’t believe the gir for some reason 60 (5 The people in the slums attack us yal” “Ses & London Police Inspector Restiaux was lucky to escape with his life in November 1840. He led a group of policemen into the slums and arrested a forger. As they left the house with the forger a crowd gathered and pelted the police with stones “The police fled with their prisoner but the mob charged. ‘The mob leader had a knife, Restiaus wrestled with him and disarmed the man. The police escaped with the forger to the safety of the police station, The slums were known as “he Holy Land? — Restiaux could have ended up with 2 holey hand. “The rich people were forced to pay the taxes that paid for police wages. Earl Waldegrave hacia real hatred of the police, Once Waldegrave paid a professional boxer to attack PC McKenzie in Piccadilly, London, while crowds of his friencls watched. ‘The boxer almost killed the policeman a(@An coaches try torun us over RR Phe rich sometimes tuld their coachmen to lash out at policemen in the streets as they drove past. Some even drove their coaches straight at the police. Earl Waldograve and a friend jumped on PC Wheatley and held him on the ground while his coach drove over him. PC Wheatley lived, but was badly hurt. Te never worked again. 8. My feet are killing me G Policemen worked 10) hours a day and walked about 20 miles ‘on duty, Nearly a marathon every day. They had no days off and only one week's holiday 2 year ... and they didn't get paid when they were on holiday. 0-They serdusto the most dangerous places, ame eer Birmingham had no police force in 1839. ‘That year riots started there and the government sent for the London police, A hundred police eventually calmed the troubles. Then 60) policemen were sent back to Lonclon ~ and the rioters heard that only 40 were left in Birmingham. ‘Phe rioters drove the Cd 40 police into a yard and trapped them there while they ran through the town, burning and stealing. The army had to be sent in to free the police. BI fo: : 10. And sometimes the job is disgusting e jobis = ” eek ‘The police went to the worst slums to arrest criminals, And peyq ap ‘>SoM pagina, ay — AY, STAY yo Spoq paroneq stp paueuuexs s0}s0p amy, (2 “eaeeup yeas So what's the message? A woman kills a man ~ she hangs. A ‘man kills a woman ~ be goes to prison for nine months. Is, that fair? Maybe not, but that's Victorian justice for you. Pretty deadly If Victorian Britain was tough for women, then some fought back with any weapon they could get hold of. The idea of a er woman made a good story and three cases in particular hit the headlines. Here are four cascbooks ~ three relly happened and one of them was invented for anexel, Batean you tell which isthe made-up one and which three are true? "\ wcdering Maddie Name: Madeleine Smith ‘Aged 21 in 1257. Living in Glasgow. Viet: Her boyfriend, Plerse Emile UAngelier Madeleine's mum and dad didn’t like Emile and found bee a better husband, Emila wos furious and sad he'd show the world the love letters she had written to him. [. hey sald mushy tings ike |S Seok der MSS Live yeu alone, Ladera you € could never Ine another as T ab got, Oh dearest Louie Lars L could base 2 you B me heart right now. ; The letters would wreck her marriage, Emile had to go, |. Method: Poisoned by arsenic | Madeleine had bought arsenic poison at chemist shops, | She said it was to put on her skin to make her look good, “Emile died with at least 14 grams of arsenle Inside him — ‘enough to give an elephant gut ache. ‘What happened? Tho oourt said ‘Not Proven’. That's Scoitish Law mesning, ‘We know you did i Dut we can’: prove it The problem was she bought the poison, he had it inside him, but no one could prov that she actually gavel tohim. Madeleine went free, Villainous Victorian? Probably. Mee ye ss BABurfil Aurora a ! Name: Aurora Floyd gpd Bn 1662 ving eae Donosse, Vietim: Her ex-husband, James Oonyers Aurora macried Conyers but laft him because he beat her and went off with other women. She raad a report that he had bem killed go she thought she was free to marry Jon | MGllish and she did. Conyers turned up and threatened to lel her new husband she was already married Daring Aurore, ‘ 1 cannot tell you how surprise [uss bo hear jou had marritd another man. As [remember (you are stil married fb me. But do not worey, | ‘can keep my reuth shut. fora price. ~ Meet we one iceek trom tonight by the peol trefcmne mk owt bat by He pl mach my silence sill cost r Your feuing husband (GH!) TC — onyere hed to go. That is tow ‘The corpse of Conyers was found near a pocl in the |. forest. When the police looked at his clothes they founda. marriage cectficate proving Aurora Floyd was married vo the dead men, She was questioned and sald them she | Metnt: shot inthe back Saleen se sos so ante ee - SO) }o had met her extusband in the wood and had paid him ~| £2000 ta go away. She said she had not killed him ~ buat there was no money on the earpse What happened? Aurora Floyd was released without charge, A servant was laler blamed for shooting Conyers, j& and stealing the 82,000. Villainous Victorian? Not really. |; Aged £0 in 1876. Living in Balham, London, [s Vietim: Her husband, Oharles Bravo Plorence was a good ‘Mend’ of an old doetor ealed Janos Guly bul Dr Jaunes was already martied. So she married Charles Bravo. Charlas turned oul to be @ bully and a réanle, He grew worae when 6 myetory writer ae him a letor... PMR BRAVO q YOUR WIFE LOVES DR JAMES GULLY. Nor | | You. YOU ONLY MARRIED #2 FoR HER MONEY SO YOU DESERVE SIGNED,i ‘Method: Poisoned by antimony ‘This poison was used in the Bravo stablos to Ril tome ‘worms in horses. It has no taste, Charles Bravo drank ‘wine at dinner and nae taken Ml. He died three days tater ‘What happened? Ths oourt anid he had been murdered — | bus thoy couldn't say who didi, Florence weat free bul |) drank hereelf to death two yee J: Victorian? Probably. ts Amerlean, living in Liverpocl, 1869. ‘Victim: Her husband, James Maybrick dames was 24 years older shan Florence, Florence had & boyfriend in Liverpool but James was no angel ~ he had several glflends himself, He was also @ drug addict dames had bog. ‘Method: Poisoned by arsenic Arsenio wes found in meat jue, Florence had bough ft papers and soaked shem to get she arsenio out of them. She sald lt was'for her skin. But ... dames was found dead with arsenie in bis body. The evidence made her Took guilty but no one could dectde how dames had died. ‘¢ Some doctors said James died of a stomach fever © dames was always siok and tock lots of poisonous stuff to try to cure himself ~ inctuding arsenic. 76 James's family didn’t like ber o> trust her, When be fell il, they banned her from his sick room, ‘* Noone could say how the arsanic got into James ~ did he take it himself? Did Florence feed him it in the mest Juice? Did his family feed it to him AFTER they banned | hep from his room? ‘The judge wes mentally ill and he told the jury.. EN Porence Maybrick hada good re, ie (et hucbonddeag er eluk aad ‘What happened? Florence wes found guilty and sentenced to hang. The court should have set Plorence free. Under =| pressure, the government said she had only ‘triad’ to kill i her husband, and spared hee life. She served 18 years in {, prison, Villainous Victorian? Maybe, Na on gos as aie ll So which one was not a true ease? | epd aendod son v onus pousny sea at pur Ssopva1 ‘uputrom, yas fjpetpadsa‘ssaxons wenn! any Pea IT ‘uOppeaEy paqeayysy Aaepy Sq wow poy Mowry” [9soU yp jo 10yd a4 Sea SiN. IOAN |Hyssy SeAA AY SHPeCU!Foul fan ‘Phe Victorians didn’e have television, So no soaps for them... in fact no soap fora lor of them either! But they did enjos going to the theatre. The Vietorians enjoyed plays with a bit of blood and ‘murder in them, and if they were based om a true story then they were even more popular. Top of the Vietorin pops in plays was Maria Marten ~ The Murder in the Red Barn, Ut was the true story of Maria, who was murdered ~ guess Willian! Fama dying! Your eraet and has sitled the heart that beatin lowe for thee, Death cleiins ‘me and, ith my ah, I die Diessing and forgroing shee: ‘The erowds cheered for heroines like Maria, booed the xillains like Corder and generally shouted at the actors ~ it was more like a fiotball match today, People peepers Another way Victorians told stories was to put litle puppets fn a box. ‘The viewers paid to peep through a hale and watch the puppets act out the story as one person told the tale and. did all the voices, (This was cheaper than having a big stage with lots of actors, of course.) ‘The Murer in the Red Barn peep show was still popular in the 1860s, 30 years after the murder happened. It was so ‘popalar the bor had to have 26 windows for peuple tw peep. In the 18608 a murder took place in the Red Lion pub in Berkshire, when a farm worker chopped the landlady with his reaping hook. One peep-show family group quickly changed the story of Maria Marten and added lots of ved paint, What did they call the new play? Murder in the Red Lion, of course Petrifying plays ‘The Victorian audiences just loved villains — and they also loved amazing scenes. The following villains and amazing scenes were shown live on stage. 1 Uncle Tom's Cabin Plot: Play based on the famous book about slavery in the USA, Villain: Wicked slave owner, ling scene* Slave git! Eliza escapes over frozen Ohio river, asa captured wild horse escapes. ‘AM SAFE AT LAST! | MUST HIDE RERE ERED by AN ICICLE! THESE ROTTEN DOGS ARE KILLING ME, TWISH TD COME: Sau2 The Colleen Bawn Pla: An Irish story about a poor girl, Eily, with a posh husband who keeps her hidden, Villain: Haveleess Crogan — the husband Bug scene: Fily in a rowving boat with the murderous Danny, ‘who pushes her in the lake, She is rescued by hero Myles. Rou sts, Youn Lass IVE SENT You Oe A COLD FAD WATERY GRAVE, ane SOME STORHS BUT | DON'T THINK, we 3 After Dark loi; Play sec in London and the Underground railway Villain: The criminal who drugs our here. Big scene: "The hero is laid across the railway track and is rescued as a train rushes across the stage. The rescuer has broken through @ cellar wall 4 The Octoroon Plot: A story about a sha Villain: The shave trader. me: steamboat on the Mississippi river explodes, bburns and sinks, killing 208 sin! (Zoe) in the USA (again. ft $7000 THE Bul THE FIRE AROUND HER me A Aiceey FLAME SHOOTS UP AND SETS it 0 HER KNI y = 5 The Flying Seud Plot: A play about a racchorse that must win the Derby ifthe villain are to be defeated Villain: The bookmaker who drugs the jockey Big scone: A horse race with cardboard horses on # revolving, stage then a real horse enters at che end. [iit BERS to ae ie G),YOUTARE YOU THE CLUMSY 1 ust IN CAFE BL KE THAT'S BEEN ARE s LUCKY’ SLLER WRECKED MY CEL D : ROUND AND ROUND THE DERBY COURSE, (ee Re THEY'RE CALLING IT FLAT RACING 8 81Did you brow... ae A pl eae he Dery Winer ied to copys The Fyn Sed and have a horse race on 2 turning stage. But the machine broke down on the first night. The actor bad to stand in front of the curtains and say Putrid performances In the pathetic play Plucia train crashes. As the hero goes to rescue a trapped child from the wreckage, a second train ‘crashes into it. The stage trains didn’t look tao good, and one newspaper said. pases A {Pluck is one of the wars plays eve 0 be placed on the stage of'a theatre, 3) } 7 hey But that didn't stop writers and actors making bigger and ‘after dramas. On Victorian stages you could see earthauabs, avalanches shipwrecks, boat races and even waterfalls, © In The Stress of London you would see a house on fite accoss the width of the stage. It was then attacked by firemen with a real fire engine. ‘¢ In The Ruling Passion a hot-ai balloon took offand crash- landed in the sea, where a lifeboat came to its rescue. 22 elm Vic White Heather the audience watehed an underwater fight between the hero and villain dressed in diving suits. Fach had a knife and the fight ended wh the hero cut the villain’s air-line and left him to drown. ‘The stage appeared to he underwater and there even seemed to be fish swirming around the fighting men, THIS 15. NO PLAICE FOR FIGHTING 2 ee Why did these plays stop? Why ean’t you see them today? Because of a Vi ion ~ the moving picture show: Afier 1920 the cinema was able ta show bigger and more ‘exciting seeres (using eamera tricks) than they could ever do fon stage. So in the end there was the mast dramacie and sudden death of all— the death of the Victorian theatre Grim ghosts Poor people couldn't allord to go to the theatre. So in the dim and flickering firelight of a gloomy evening, how did they entertain themselves? With stories, And what better than a ghost story: Especially it was a trae ghost story, Hete isa case from Cornwall about some villainous Vietorians to chill your bones colder than a tombstone in the sno... 83fa isten, me dears, and Tl tell you the tale of two sbrothers. One brother was Edmund Norway and he vwas a scaman, On the night of 8th February 1840 he went to bed it his cabin and fell asleep around Il pum. He was a thousand miles way from his home in Cornwall He soon had a terrible dream that made him wake up sweating and screaming. He told it to the ship’ officer, Heery Wren. He said. “I dreamed | saw my bsother killed. He was riding fhis horse aloog the road from Bodmin 10 Wadebridge. As he rode two mee attacked him, and I watched io horror as onc pointed a pistol at my brother. The pistol misfired twice so they dragged him from she horse and used the pistol 10 club him to death before they robbed him. Thea ‘one man dragged him across the road and dropped him in 3 ditch. Thave a terrible fea chat my brother has been murdered.” Officer Wren ssid, “lt was just a ad dream, Co back to sleep, We'll be home in a week and you'll see your Iother is safe and sound.” But when Edmund Norway landed there was terrible news for him. Your brother, Nevell,has heen murdered. they ssid. The constables had mad= ap arrest. On I3th April Willism Lightfoot and his brother were found guilty of ) ‘murdering Nevell Norway and sentenced to hang. Before he dicd, William confessed. “Lmet my brother at the top of Dummer Hill and ‘ve plotted to rob the next person who came along. Around II pm. we sw a man riding hishorse along the road from Bodmin to Wadebridge, Ashe rode 4 wwe two attacked him. He refused to hand over his money so I pointed my pistol at him. The pistol misfired twice so we dragged him from the horse and used the pistol to club bim to death before we robbed him. Then my brother dragged him accoss the road and dropped him in ditch. How did Edmond Norway know about his brother’ death 4 thovsand miles away and soiling in an ink lack sex? Perhaps his brotkers dying spicit slipped into his dreams 10 say farewell? Who knows? Thete's nothing as mysterious as death So, when the night time comes, nd darkness falls, go gently. my dears, and may the angels watch i over you. 35Wrotten writers ‘The Vieiorians loved reading books. Popular writers then were like pop stars today ~ and just 2s wild and wacky in the way they lived. Know-it-all adults think they know everything about ‘Victorian writers. But you ean find gut just how much they Know by asking them which of these odd facts about ‘Victorian writers are true and which are false? 1 L1G Walls had to pens for writing ~ a big pen for big ‘words ud a sinall pen for small words. 2 Charles Dickens’ house was so cold his ink froze solid YOU STINK ? WELL HAVE ABATH THEN 3 Poct Alfred ‘Tennyson amused his friends by sitting down and pretending to be someone on toilet 4 Playwright Dion Boucicault said, "Om my gravestone 1 fot dead, just sleeping”? 5 Author Joseph Conrad tried to shoot himself... but missed {6 Playwright Oscar Wilde wrote The Ballad of Reading Gao! in jail NG LIN TEL _{ITS A POSH WAY OF SPELLING SAUL’ wits WAS} AN quoat 7 Joseph Kipling wrote The Jungle Book 8 Poet William Wordsworth wrote about flowers (like his famous ‘Daffodils? poem) because he was mad about theit smell 9 Writer Anthony Trollope stoud for Parliament and won, 10 Poet Algernon Swinburne ate his pet monkey for dinner Answers 1True. In his book Pe igry af Mr Pol bis haracter says, ‘Seauippledanverbujuice? I means ‘big words ‘What sort of pen did he ned for that? ey nya 2 False. Dickens was poor as a child, bur did well as a writer and lived comfortably 3 True, by = Si BOUCICALLT SeBoucicault wrote 150 popalar plays so he deserved ¢ break, Dying is a break 00 far for most people, though. 3 Conrad was fed up because he'd Lost all his monty gambling. He shot himsell'bur missed his heart and lived, BRILLIANT 45 4° pan) 6 False, Wilde went to jail from 1895 till 1697. But he wrote the poem about the disgusting prison life in 1898 — a year after he came out of jail. Nota lt of Know-ir-all adults will ell you, “It was Rudyard Kipling who wrote The Jungle Book in 1895. And you can have great plessare in relling them. AH. SUT KIPLINGS FULL RANE Yo g WAS SOSEPH RUDYARD KIPLING ~ $0 YOU SEE, 1 WAS RICHT 8 False. It must be false because William Wordsworth ‘had NO sense of smell | WANDERED oe ASA CLOUD a AND THEN 1 SAW BNC OF ROSES, | CANT SMEL i HEM NOT A WHIFF & Nov IF YOU STUFFED THEM UP ME NOSES. ee (Cm ‘TRYING, Witt 9 False. ‘Trollope stood for Parliament ani dost. “The writer only got 740 sows, He said going around trying to get votes [ .--mas the most miserable fortnight of my lift te ; 10 Truc. He used to dress the monkey as a woman and treat it ikea lady. But one day the monkey. bevame jealous of one of Swinburne’s friends and tried to bite its master. The monkey was never seen again. Swinburne said he'd had it killed and grilled and eaten, 1 1 Ho9E YOU L LKeD ‘Gu sa a Fish {HOE YOU LIFES YOUR BEA AND GRAPE LANGW YOU CRED HAT CeCe Disk HN van SORRY FOLKS, THAT WAS MY APE,Foul! fairs “The Victorians could be preity bloodihirsty and crue! when it came to their idea of *fun’, Dogs killing rats, or men boxing without gloves till their faces were bloody pulp —that ‘vas their fun’. Even the fairgrounuls were cruel places. In between the swings and roundabouts were “freak shows’. Tn the 1860s you really euld go and could see these 90 Now you may wonder what people really save when they paid to see Madame Stevens, the Pig-faced Lady? “They saw a bear that: © had ins fave and paws shaved; ‘ hiad its paws laced imto padded gloves; was strapped to front of it ‘Then the performance began. The bear was asked questions A boy prodkled it with a stick after each question. ‘The bear urunted and that seemed to be a reply Are vow 18 years o ¢¢ Js it true you were born in Preston in Lancashire? (Prod — Grn.) © Are you well and happy? (Prod — Grunt.) ‘¢ Are you planning to get married? (Prod — Grunt.) Bur this was too cruel even for the Victorians and when the fair reached Clerkenwell it wes hanned WASNT WORTH | BEAR*FACED ROBBERY IF YOU ASK ME THE MONEY pay 2Terrible timeline 1870s-1890s Famous and Fortunate 1871 ——— ary Norton staney famous Wel explorer | sebot to tnd ererimreiamous Scotish eaniowr avid | Liingtone. Sey David refined fo come ome and died couple of yeas ltr Bat Stare went no eport his adventures and became fares. His fortune. came rors woring fo the Bln Ring Heopela, ing the Aton people to slaves wah torte, whippnge and chapel of” ke of tel bodes ye heart of Arica 1874 harles Kingsley wrote } fone of the first children's books, The Water Babies, Forgotten and Failed fr Charles Dilke thinks Jqueen Vie is a bit of a waste of space. She shuts herself away and doesn't do anything useful. Charlie's answer? Get rid of the royal family and repiace the Queen, with @ President’ that everyone (well, every man} gets to vote for. Chale wins a Jot of support. But then Vics son, Edward Prince of Wales, I, People fee! sorry for Vic and haver't the heart to theow her off the throne. (Cheers for Charie vanish and he is soon Forgotten. (agape ontsobi jomas Castro, Australian Dutcher, turns up. in [England and he claims to be Which made him famous. A cheerful tle story about ten- year-old Tom who sulfers terribly as a chimney sweep. Tom falls into a river and drowns, but that's all right, because he is changed into a fishy water baby, Just dont try Jumping into a river if your cruel parent makes you sweep 2 chimney. This year Charles falls il and dies soon after ~ but does NOT change into a water baby. Shame. the long-lost son of Lady Tichborne, ie also claims the long-lost sor’s fortune. Lady T's family canlt bear to see their fortune go to a phoney! ‘Tom is taken to court. He loses the case and gels 14 years’ hard labour. Tough! But ‘men, women and chien are tll working 44 hours a day in Victorian factories ~ $0, even ‘out of prison, many poor people do ‘hard labour. Like ‘Tom, they are forgotten 1879 foseph Swan is a clever bloke tom Sunderland, north-east England. Clever Joe invents something, we all ‘use millions of times in our lives - the electric light bulb, Allright, It's not a very good fone and it doesnt last long buts Victorian first. In New ‘York, Thomas Raison makes a Tight bull too. Joe Swan says + B eral Hutchinson hould have stuck to being a general, Instead he gets a job with the ‘government to check that bridges are safe. He checks the Tay Rail Bridge near Dundee ~ the longest bridge in the world at the time, Ws finer says General tutch, But on) 28 December a storm‘Tom pinched his idea. Tom edisom says Joe pinched his wrecks it and sends 2 train wilh 2 hundred passengers idea, Lets cal ita drow, Joe $ plunging 27 metzes into the sg9e5 on to be famous ~ but not as lamous as Tom. freezing water, The general isnt on the train. Share. 1881 enjamin Dra des Baniithas nate prety success he ab 8 Pie Minster an as wer o now What i the se nocuteey? He yas oem ie ett een Vera wnt @ wonder worah the wo an se loved tna se fovea nm ne care Cth super dper dato cheer up he iserble mona In 1877. he pecuaed Pallant to take er ‘ree of id faved a Qi Sevan 20 Pied tha she made DiselLnd Benes Pat op. 94 ir George Colley has Joeen sent to sort out some troublesome Dutch farmers in South Altica ~ part of the British Empire, Sit G says the farmers (Boers) are “feeble soldiers’. Easy job then? But at Majubsa rill these “feeble Boer soldiers beat his force of 1,800 proper’ soldiers. One of the Boers changes Sir O's mind. How dig he do that, you ask? He puls 2 bullet through Sic G's forehead. And your mind doesi't get much more changed than that! Boers will cause Britain 2 fot of trouble for 20 years. HER READ 1888 fack the Ripper is the | most famous Victorian villain ofall, yet no one knows his for her) real name. Hundreds of clever writers have written hundreds of lever books to prove’ dozens of suspects they think ld i But they cant all be right ~ unless there were dozens of Jack the Rippers working together in team to chop up the eight victims, Some detectives think Jack was a doctor to Queen Vie, some think he was a relative of Vietoria: a famous person wha Ted a double ie. As.iack might have said, Who nose?" Fea COULD HAVE TOLD) € GA aitare is _ Gye bas Pate yee ¥ Joseph Bellis 2 realy lever feller. So clever that Joe’s friend, 2 writer called Arthur Conan Dayle, makes him the slar of a new detective book he has written, But Artur cocsnt call the detective Dr Joseph Bell. Oh, no. He ghes the book detective @ seriously weird name — Sherlock Holmes. How Sherlock is the most famous detectne never to have existed. Joe Bell nthe meantime, Is not famous at all. Joe Is very anneyed down there in his coffin. How do know? Flementary, my dear reader1889 ‘bert Louls Stevenson ichard Figott is a retires to Samoa. This vewspaper reporter and popular author is best known | he wants a good story about for his children's book, | the head of the trish ‘Treasure Island, Vie started by | Parliament ~ Charles Parnell rawing a map of the | So Richard makes one up. le imaginary island anc used | says Parnell was part of the his friend WE Henley as the | Phoenix Park Murder Piot in villain, Long John silver. | Dublin, And to prove Richard Wiould you make your friend 4 has letters from Parnell into a villain? If you are a | except Richard wrote them Horrible Histories reader | himselt. There is one problem. then the answer is probably | with the forged letters ~ the tyes’. Anyway, Rob Low | spelling. The judges give Huiocked the book out in two | Pigott a spelling fest and the ‘weeks anc said, Thwas to be | forger fails miserably. He Is story for boys. Women were | so bad that the Judges fall excluded.’ Oo-er! Famous ~ | about aughing. They must be among boys anyway. teachers in their spare time, 1890 ———__+——____ fecil Rhodes, fiiedcotion | Poseph Carey Merrick jaroner set upadiamond | WD torgotten os Joe Merrick nine in South Aca ard made 4 Dut, sadly, cemembered as his fortune. This year he | The tlephant Mart. ALthe age becomes prime minister of | of fe he gota disease that 96 the Cape Colony. He wants to make Alica into a British colony and make the British rich Queen Vie loves that dea and thinks Rhodes is 2 star. Rhodes tricks the African natives out of their lands, upsets the Duteh (who also want to rob Africa of its riches) and generally gets Britain into the messy Boer Wars. Bul Ceci is all ight 1896 Howse 8 great idea. Take allthis sclence stuff that Is going on fn Victorian Britain ane! vile stories about it Last year he wrote The Time Machine and now he Is working on an even ‘wackier idea - The Invisible Man. He is even plaming a book about an alien invasion from Macs, called War of the Worlds. A hundred years tater ‘and none of these thinas have ‘swelled his heat! and flee bags ff browns skin hang from his face while ane arm grows almost like a flipper, He 1s locked ina workhouse but escapes ~ to 3 worse Tate, Instead of showing hie ply, villainous Viclorians put him on ‘shown fairgrounds for people to come anc leer and jeer. DF eves rescued Joe but Joe | dies this year atthe age of 27, is Roberts didnt enjoy fa“ wonderful Victorian invention, A railiay up Snowdon - the highest ‘mountain in Wales - opens on © April this year. tut at the ‘opening two trains run out of control and crash into each olier before they tumble lover the Cwmglas cli: Two hundred people survive and no one is Killed ~ but pub ‘owner Elis Roberts hurts hishappened ~ but some people swear they have seen alien Invaders. Blame Wells. He started it 1899 ir Herbert Kitchener is a British army commander. ‘He likes lo use machine guns to massacre enemies who dort have machine guns. In the Sudan (Africa) his Brit tray hile 10,000 natives and fost only 28 Brits. Kitchener ‘goes on fighting in South [Aica against the Boers. He will be put Jn charge of the British army in the mst world War, Then BOTH sides have machine guns ~~ result? Millions dead. Thanks, Kite.