THC HNH MATLAB C BN

WORKSHEET 2: Vectors trong MATLAB

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Mc ch:
Worksheet ny gii thiu v vector v phng php x l vector trong MATLAB.
Yu cu:
-

Sinh vin thc hnh bng phn mm Matlab trn phng my, c k phn luyn tp
trc khi lm bi tp.

Kt qu c lu li trong th mc MSSV_HoTen

Thi gian thc hnh: 4 tit.

Luyn tp:
Sc mnh thc s ca MATLAB l thit k trong vic x l Vector. Ngi s dng c th
tm thy cc chc nng x l, v th v lm vic vi cc ma trn mt cch d dng. Mt
vector thng l mt danh sch cc s t nhin. Nhng s ny c biu din bi du ngoc
n ([]).
V d: Cc phn t trong vector c phn bit bi du phy hoc khong trng nu vector
l mt chiu, nu l nhiu chiu cc hng phn bit nhau bi du chm phy.

V d: Chng ta c th chuyn v ma trn bng php ton :

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THC HNH MATLAB C BN

Chng ta cng c th cng hoc tr cc vectors nu nh chng c cng kch thc bng
cch s dng ton t + hoc -. C th nhn, chia hoc ly tha nu chng tha mn cc kch
thc cho php bng cch s dng cc ton t nh .*, ./, .^ . Chng ta cng c th nhn vector
vi mt s s dng php nhn *.
K t

Ton t Vector

Cng vector

Tr vector

.*

Nhn thnh phn vector

./

Chia thnh phn vector

.^

Ly tha thnh phn vector

V d: Sau y l mt s v d v cc ton t trong vector. Chng ch c chp nhn bi

cc vector c cng kch thc. m bo rng bn nn hiu cc li xut hin bn di.

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THC HNH MATLAB C BN

V d: truy xut n phn t th n ca vector a, ta g a(n). thay i gi tr ti v tr

n, g: format a(n).

Lm vic vi ma trn cng tng t. Cc ma trn c th cng, tr theo cc phn t, min l

chng c cng kch thc. (cng s dng v s ct).
V d:

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THC HNH MATLAB C BN

V d: C th to ra mt vector vi cc s theo mt quy tc no , nu ch gii hn 2 s,

quy tc s l tng 1 n v. Nu s dng 3 s, quy tc s tng (hoc gim) theo s gia.

Lnh linspace c s dng nh ngha mt dng ca mt vector vi s lng cc s

nhn c v nm trong phm vi no . V d, linspace(0,1,11) s pht sinh 11 s bt u t
0 v kt thc bi 1. Vi rng buc ny, ta thy cc bc nhy s l 0.1. Tng t nh vy,
linspace(0,1,10) s pht sinh 10 s bt u t 0 v kt thc bi 1, cc bc nhy lc ny l 1/9.
V d

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THC HNH MATLAB C BN

Cc ng dng khc:

Bi tp
Bi 1:
-

To mt vector cha cc s nguyn t 31 n 75.

To mt vector c 10 phn t c gi tr nguyn c ly ngu nhin trong khong [0,

100].

To mt vector c 10 phn t c gi tr nguyn c ly ngu nhin trong khong [20,10]

5

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THC HNH MATLAB C BN

Bi 2:
Cho x = [3 1 5 7 9 2 6], d on kt qu cc dng lnh sau v th li bng Matlab:
a. x(3)
b. x(1:7)
c. x(1:end)
d. x(1:end-1)
e. x(6:-2:1)
f. x([1 6 2 1 1])
g. sum(x)
Bi 3:
Cho x = [2 5 1 6].
a. Cng thm 16 vo tt c cc phn t.
b. Cng thm 3 vo cc phn t v tr l.
c. Ly cn bc 2 tt c cc phn t.
d. Bnh phng tt c cc phn t.
Bi 4
Cho x, y ln lt l cc vector ct. x = [3 2 6 8], y = [4 1 3 5].
a. Ly tng cc phn t ca x cng thm vo tng phn t ca y.
b. Lu tha mi phn t ca x vi s m tng ng l cc phn t ca y.
c. Chia cc phn t ca y vi cc phn t tng ng ca x.
d. Nhn cc phn t ca x vi cc phn t tng ng ca y, t trong vector z.
e. Tnh tng cc phn t ca z, gn cho w.
f. Tnh x.* y w.
g.Tch v hng ca x v y
Lu : x l ma trn chuyn v ca x
Bi 5:
To cc vector x sau

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THC HNH MATLAB C BN

a. [2, 4, 6, 8, ..2n]
b. [10, 8, 6, 4, 2, 0, -2, -4.........-2n]
c. [1, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5, ..1/n]
d. [0, 1/2 2/3, 3/4, 4/5, ....(n-1)/n]
Lu y: nhp vo gi tr n
Bi 6
To vector x vi cc phn t l xn = (-1)n+1/(2n - 1). Tnh tng 100 phn t u tin ca x.
-- Ht --

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