42 ( )4 66-24 (41040211 /)

naserz@ksu.edu.sa

( 0214/8/01 0214/9/01)
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) (documentation
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" )(X-Ray Diffraction "xrd
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 42 ( )4 (41040211/) 74

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 42 ( )4 (41040211/) 15

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 42 ( )4 (41040211/) 11

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 42 ( )4 (41040211/) 14

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 42 ( )4 (41040211/) 14

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:
Agrawal, O. P. science in service of art, archaeology and conservation, ICCROM,
ROME, 1985.
AI-Ghabban, et aL, Roads of Arabia, Archaeology and History of the Kingdom of
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Duane, M. R., and Robert. R., X-ray Diffraction and the Identification and Analysis
of Clay Minerals, Oxford, New York University, 1989.
Fatma M., Helmi,. Abeer G., Study, Treatment and Restoration of Two Silver
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Statue in Torun, Poland. [IN] the 3rd international Conference and workshop on

11 )0211/4104( )4( 42
Conservation and Restoration Restoration Science Fundamentals, Between Rooting
and Rejection Faculty of Fine Arts, Minia University, 2007 pp. 62-71.
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Collection, New York, 1992, p. 11.

... :

66

Conservation of an Archaeological Metal Artefact from Al-Ukhdud, Najran

KSA

Abdulnaser A. A1 Zahrani
Associate Professor of Conservation of Archaeology, King
Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia naserz@ksu. edu.sa

(Received 10/8/1432H/ Accepted for publication 15/9/1432H)

Keywords: Najran, restoration, metals, Alukhdud

Abstract. The excavation of Al-Ukhdud in Najran revealed an archaeological artifact
covered with a hard concretion layer that made difficult to be identified from its outer
shape. The researcher used many modem techniques for its documentation, such as
X-ray Radiography, and different methods of analysis and examination to know its
nature, identify its composition as compounds or elements. These was done by using
X-Ray Diffraction XRD analysis method to identify its compounds, Scanning
Electron Microscope SEM for examination, and Atomic Absorption Analysis
AAS to identify its elements. These examination and analysis methods helped to
put the restoration and conservation plan and choose the selected materials and
methods. The aim of this plan is to stop the corrosion that attacked the object,
conservation and protecting it against any further attack. This plan included using
mechanical and chemical cleaning, followed by consolidation and insulation it as a
preventive way against further deterioration.