DIRECT METHOD

Also called natural approach

used in teaching foreign
language

 Established
and
in the
1900`s and contrast with the Grammar
Translation Method.
Method focuses on the development of oral
skills.
Teaching
concepts
vocabulary through
pantomiming,real life objects and other
visual materials.

 Teaching grammar
Inductive
approach
Centrality of spoken language.
Focus on Q-A patterns.

PRINCIPLES
Classroom instructions are conducted
exclusively in the target language.
Initial phase
only everyday
vocabulary and sentences are
taught.
Intermediate phase
grammar

reading

 Oral communication skills are built in

a carefully progression organized
around Q-A exchanges between
teachers and students in small
intensive classes.
New teaching points are introduced
orally.
Concrete vocabulary is taught
through

 Speech and listening

comprehensions are taught.

Grammar and pronunciation are

emphasized.

 Students should speak the 80% of

the class.

Students should ask questions from

the begining and answer them.

The assumption that a second language can

be learnt in exacltly the same way as the
first, when in fact the conditions under
which a second language is learnt are very
different.

Series Method

Francois Gouin in the 19th century.

grammar
verbs.

Hamburg to learn German.

Memorizes a German book
and a list of 248 irregular

He went to the academy to

test his new languages skills but he was
disappointed that he couldn`t understand
anything.

 Try again memorizing the 800 rootwords of the language as well as

rememorizing the grammar and the
verb forms. So, he isolated himself
and tried to learn by listening
,imitating and conversing with the
Germans around him, but he found
out that his constructed sentences
often caused native German
speakers to laugh.

When he was at home

again, he

found that his three year

old

nephew had learnt to

speak French.

The boy was very curious

and ask the name of everythig. After
digesting the experience silently, he
then described his experience in

 Gouin decide that language learning was a

matter of transforming perceptions into
conceptions using language to represent
what one experiences.

efficiently to learn sentences to

speak than words. Verbs are the key
element in sentences, and that sentences
are more easily learned when they form a
narrative.