1)

(i)
(ii)
(iii)
(iv)
2)
(i) ,
, .
..

2 ( x 3) 2 x 6
3 ( x 1) 3 x 3
7 (2 x 2) 14 x
14
2 ( x 5) 2 x
10
( x 3) 2 2 x 6
( x 2) 2 4 x 4
(ii) ,
.
..

( x 3) x 3
( x 3) x 3
( x 2) x 2
( x 1) x 1
2

( x 3) x 3
3

(2 x 7 x 15) 2 x 7 x 15

 3)
(i) :

(ii) .
..

2 6 12
7 ( 2) 14
3 12 36
7 ( 8) 56

( )
( )
( )
( )

4)
.
..

4 2 4 2 8

9 5 9 5 45
5)

.
..

4 12 4 48
12

71
71
71

6)
(i) +
(ii) +
,
.
(iii)

..
2+7 = 9
-3+7 = +4
8-18 = -10
-4-6 = -10
7)
(i) ( ),
.
..

4 17 4 17 21

3
7 7
7
7
(ii) ( ),
.
..

4 1 4 6 1
5 24 5 24 5 19

5 6 5 6 6
5 30 30
30
30

( 30)

 8)

.

a
b a d
c b c
d
..

2
3 2 7 14
9 3 9 27
7
9) ()

b
b a b ac b
a
c
c 1 c
c

()

..

3
3 2 3 2 4 3 8 3 11
2

4
4 1 4
4
4
4

5)