-24 2008-

:

.
:
-1 - - ) (Codes .
-2
.1

-3 ) (
4-6.

. .

.
.2

" "

" "
"" )( " "

35
3
1

. 1988 -1 .114 113

36 35 1990 .228 225

3

1995 -1 189

.190

 -24 2008-

11.

732.
.4

..5

""

""6
7

"" . "
".8

" " .
4

. .

.181 176
5
6

. .227 -226

.187 186

- -1

- 2004 -1

.190

.139

)26 (

.
.

)
( 754. ) 745.( ) (

" " "".9

" " :
1
.

2 .
3
.

)36 (.10

9
10 1960 231 . - ) (
2004 386
) ( .
: :

.

10

 -24 2008-

) "" " "

""

" "

""
! (.11

)(

.12

.
" " 806. " "

"" "
" .13

"" " " " "

. "" ""
- Pitchard (J ) ( ed ) Ancient Near Eastern Texts ,Relating to the Old Testament , Princeton , New

10

Jersey , Princeton University Press , 1969 , P 532 533

. - )300-3000.( -

-1998 1 .225
11

" "Javier Teixdor )

- .(135

Boadlt (Lawrance) Reading to old testament:An introduction ,Princeton university press ,1984 ,

12

p180
13 . - .384

11

..14
: :

" "

) (Arpad 15
. ""
16 " " .

"" ""
:

-1 ) (Dossin,Cantineau ""
""

""
.17

-2 "" " "

" " " "

- - .18

"" " " ) (

" " .19

-3 "" "

730-753."

14 233
Greenfield (Jonas) - AL Kanfei Yonah The Hebrew university magnes press-Jerusalem 2001
P393
15 . -
-14 1993 46-45 .128
16 .248
17 .100
18 . - .242
19 . - .386

12

 -24 2008-

" "

) 727-746.( ""

) 743.( "" )740.(

"" " " .20

-4 "" .21
740-754..22

- :
"" ""

"" ""

" " ""

23

" " 24

25
.26

.27

28 - -

20 - 248 . - .386 " " ) 6-9. (

"") ( " "

)
1993 1041 -9

( 99
21

. .138
Peels (HG) The vengeance of god New york 1994 P 36

23

22

.244
Peels The vengeance , IBid , P 36
Ishida (Tom) The Royal dynasties in ancient Israel New york 1977 P 181

Johannes(G) , Better weck Theological dictionary of the old testament Michigan 2004 P557
27 244

13

24
25
26

29
.30

" " ""

" " .31

" "

32 " " " "Crosby "

33

".

) ( " ."34

- :
:

-1 :

"

31
32

35

"

Greenfield , AL Kanfei , IBid , P24

28

Craigie (Peterc) The Book of Deuteronomy Michigan 1976 P298

29

Izreel (s) , docory (R) languge and culture in the east Leiden 1996 P56

30

. 138
98

Scales (Len) , Zimmer (oliver) Power and nation in European history Cambridge university

33

Press 2005- P41

-34 . - 1998 7 .161
35

234 ) .(243 - 234

14

-24 2008-

-2 :
"" "" . )

) (

36

-3 " " :


" " .

" "37

" "...38
)( .

" "Jeffers

39

2400. """"
.40

-4 :41
"" :

- 36 234 235
, IBid , P180
37 236
Boadlt
38 236
39
Jeffers(Ann) Magic and divination in ancient Palestine and Syria New york 1996 P242
40 . 1979 - 64
41 242 236

15

-1 "" "" -2

"" -3
"" -4 "" ""

"" -5 ""

-6 "" -7

-9
""

"" "" -8

-10
""

-11
""

"" .
:

: ""

"" " "42

"" ""

: "" ""

"" .43

""
"" 44

" " -

) (

" "
.45

42

240

43

241

45

. 137

Greenfield , IBid , P 320

16

44

-24 2008-

:
)(

-1: -2 -3 -4

-5 ) ( -6 )(.46

) 5 7(

) (
) ( ) 604 562.( ) 571570.(.

:
1..............
2 "....... "
3 " "

4 ) ( 27
5 34
6 ) ( " "
7 .

" " " "

47

)( )
( .

46

. 114

47

. ) ( _

2000 87 89

17

:
1824

) ...(.

48

"" .

. .49

:
) (100000

) (.50

-48 .
- 88-87 -25 2004 7-6
49

136

50

. 228

18

 -24 2008-

495 . 51

. ) 400-407.(

52
1906

.53

1945 ""

194819471946 1962
) (Bresciani

) (55
.54

515.

.55

56

Muffs (yochanan)- studies in Aramaic Legal papyri from Elephantine- Leiden 2003- p1.
Porten (Bezalel) The Elephantine Papyri in English Leiden 1996 P75
53 . 225
54
- Shalom (Paul) , Stone (Michael) AL kanfei yonah , volume I , Leiden 1995 P 41 , Porten ,
IBid P75
55 . 230
51
52

56

Davis (W.D) , Finkelstein (Louis) - The Cambridge history of Judaism, volume oneCambridge university Press 1984 - P377

19

...(

.57

:
" "

58

: - -

"" "
" 59 " "Schiffman

"" .60

"" Yaron""Muffs
"" "

".61

: " ) (

57

Cohnsherbok (Daniel) Judaism: history ,Belief and practice- Routhedge(U.K)- P 80

58 . .231
59
Muffs(Yochanan)- Studies in the Aramaic legal papyri from Elephantine Leiden- 2003- P 10
" " ) 1956
1958(.
Schiffman (Lawrence) -Semitic papyroloy in context, Leiden 2003 P 63.
61
Muffs - IBid P10.
" " ) 1959 (
60

20

 -24 2008-

"62

:
) (

).63
(.

) (
:

)
-1
...(
.

- 62 . .21
Schiffman - IBid P260 , Davis- IBid P370 , Muffs - I Bid P10

63

" ".
Speiser (E.A ) Cuneiform Law and the History of Civilization , Proceeding of the American
Philosophical Society , vol. 107, no. 6 ,1963 , P536
" "
:
Westbrook ( R ) Biblical and Cuneiform Law Codes , Revue Biblique , no 2 , 1985, P 247,
Boyer(G) "La Place des textes D'ugarit dans L'histoire des L'ancien droit oriental" , Mission de Ras
Shamra, TomVI, Le palis Royal D'ugarit, III, 1955, Etude Juridque, P 307
" " :
. 1997 2
.75

21

" "
-2
.64

-3
""

"" ""

.65

-4 " "Schiffman

: :

.66

-5 "" 67

"" "Mohar"

.68

" "
-6

)
64

Paul (S) - IBid P42.

Davis - IBid P117
66
Marsman(hennie)-Women in Ugarit and Israel -Leiden-2003- P702
" " 65

67

" " )
) (
1990 (19
Johannes(G) - IBid P143 - 147

22

68

 -24 2008-

(.69

-7
.70

-8 " "Croop
.71

- 9 ""

. )
( ""

.72

""

)(

!73

""

.74

-10

69

Davis - IBid P370

Rev (charles) , Wright (HH) Light from Egyptian papyri on Jewish before Christ London
1908- P 5
71
Schiffman - IBid P260
72
Marcus (vam.G) - The jewish Life cycle , university of Washington Press 2004- P160
73
Cohnsherbok (Daniel) Judaism: history,Belief and practice- Routhedge(U.K) P 80
74 .185
70

23

.75

-11 "" "

" " " " "
.

-12 "

"

"" "" .76

-13
.

-14 ") "Libbasu tab

( )

( ""

" " ) (TaBu

.77

:
...

-1: -2 .

75 . .241-232-230
76

. . . -1988 -1 485257
)Muffs(Y)- IBid P(30-32-63-65

77

- -
2005 -.377 365

24

 -24 2008-

- :

.78

-1 :
.79

-2 :

.
.

)(
- - .

-3 :
) (

78
- Cowley (A) Aramaic Papyri of the Fifth Century B.C , Oxford at the Clarendon Press , 1932 , P
46 , Porten ( B ) Five fragmentary Aramaic Marriage Documents , Abr Nahrain , vol XXVII ,
1989 ,P 152
79
- Cowley ibid P 46 , Porten ibid , P 98.

25

.80

-1
.

-2 ) (.

-3 ) (
) (.

-4 )( - - .

-5 .

-6 .

-7
.81

-8

-9

82

- :

-1 :

471. : -

- - -

.83
80

- . .12-8

- Pitchard (J ) ( ed ) Ancient Near Eastern Texts ,Relating to the Old Testament , Princeton , New

81

Jersey , Princeton University Press , 1969 , P 549 - 549

-82 . .21-15
83 . 233

26

 -24 2008-

-2 :
"

".

.84

-3 :
402.

" " " "

) (.

.85

" " ....

84

. .237-236

85

. .240-238 235-234

27

:

" " .
-

"" .

-
- "

" "

""

"
".86

86

745-1191. )

1 . 3 1988 .(166

28

 -24 2008-

:
:
. - ) ( 2004.

1 .
- 3 1988.

- .1

. . . 1988 -1 ) ( 1990

- - 2005.

.
1997 2

. 1988 -1. . -1979.

1995 -1.

- 2004 -1.
. . .

29

1993

. - 71998.

. - ) 300 -3000.( - -1998 1.

:
10 1960.

. - 88-87 -25
2004

. 36 35 1990.

. - -14 1993 46-45.

:
-Boadlt (L ) Reading to old testament:An introduction, Princton university press ,1984
- Boyer (G) "La Place des textes D'ugarit dans L'histoire des L'ancien droit oriental" ,
Mission de Ras Shamra, TomVI, Le palis Royal D'ugarit, III, 1955, Etude Juridque
-Cohnsherbok(D) Judaism: history,Belief and practice-Routhedge(U.K).
- Cowley (A) Aramaic Papyri of the Fifth Century B.C , Oxford at the Clarendon Press ,
1932
- Craigie (P ) The Book of Deuteronomy Michigan 1976
- Davis (W.D) , Finkelstein (Louis) - The Cambridge history of Judaism, volume oneCambridge university Press 1984

30

2008- -24

- Greenfield (Jonas) AL Kanfei Yonah The hebrw university magnes press Jerusalem
2001
- Ishida (T ) The Royal dynasties in ancient Israel Newyork 1977
- Izreel (s) , dorory (R) languge and culture in the east Leiden 1996
- Jeffers(A ) Magic and divination in ancient Palestine and Syria - Newyork 1996
- Johannes(G) , Better weck Theological dictionary of the old testament- Michigan
2004
- Marcus (v ) - The jewish Life cycle , university of Washington Press - 2004
- Marsman(h )-Women in Ugarit and Israel - Leiden-2003
- Muffs(Y )- Studies in the Aramaic legal papyri from Elephantine Leiden- 2003
- Peels (HG) The vengeance of god New york 1994
- Pitchard (J ) ( ed ) Ancient Near Eastern Texts ,Relating to the Old Testament ,
Princeton , New Jersey , Princeton University Press , 1969
- Porten (B ) The Elephantine Papyri in English Leiden 1996
- Porten ( B ) Five fragmentary Aramaic Marriage Documents , Abr Nahrain , vol
XXVII , 1989
- Rev(c ) , Wright (HH) Light from Egyptian papyri on jewish befor Christ London
1908
- Scales (L ) , Zimmer (o ) Power and nation in European history Cambridge
university Press 2005
- Schiffman (L )-Semitic papyroloy in context, Leiden 2003
- Shalom (Paul) , Stone (Michael) AL kanfei yonah , volume I , Leiden 1995
_ Speiser (E.A ) Cuneiform Law and the History of Civilization , Proceeding of the
American Philosophical Society , vol. 107, no. 6 ,1963
- Westbrook ( R ) Biblical and Cuneiform Law Codes , Revue Biblique , no 2 , 1985.

.2006/11/30

31