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Bai 4
Bai 4
1. Cu trc cy
1.1. nh ngha 1:
Cy l mt tp hp T cc phn t (nt trn cy) trong c 1 nt c
bit T0 c gi l gc, cc nt cn khc c chia thnh nhng tp ri
nhau T1, T2 , ... , Tn theo quan h phn cp trong Ti cng l mt cy.
Nt cp i s qun l mt s nt cp i+1. Quan h ny ngi ta cn
gi l quan h cha-con.
1.2. Mt s khi nim c bn
- Bc ca mt nt: l s cy con ca nt .
- Bc ca mt cy: l bc ln nht ca cc nt trong cy. Cy c bc n th gi
l cy n-phn.
- Nt gc: nt khng c nt cha.
- Nt l: nt c bc bng 0 .
- Nt nhnh: nt c bc khc 0 v khng phi l gc .
- Mc ca mt nt:
Mc (T0 ) = 1.
Gi T1, T2, T3, ... , Tn l cc cy con ca T0
Mc (T1) = Mc (T2) = ... = Mc (Tn) = Mc (T0) + 1.
- di ng i t gc n nt x: l s nhnh cn i qua k t gc n x.
- Chiu cao h ca cy: mc ln nht ca cc nt l.
1.3. Mt s v d v i tng cc cu trc dng cy
- S t chc ca mt doanh nghip
- S t chc cy th mc
2. CY NH PHN
2.1 nh ngha
Cy nh phn l cy m mi nt c ti a 2 cy con
tagTNODE
{
Data Key;//Data l kiu d liu ng vi thng tin lu ti nt
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*TREE;
}
}
Thm cc nt trn cy theo th t sau (Left-Right-Node)
void LRN(TREE Root)
{
if (Root != NULL)
{
LRN(Root->Left);
LRN(Root->Right);
<X l Root>;
//X l tng ng theo nhu cu
}
}
ng dng phng php ny trong vic tnh tng kch thc ca th mc.
ng dng tnh ton gi tr ca biu thc.
(3 + 1)3/(9 5 + 2) (3(7 4) + 6) = 13
*TREE;
3. CY NH PHN TM KIM
3.1. nh ngha:
Cy nh phn tm kim (CNPTK) l cy nh phn trong ti mi nt,
kha ca nt ang xt ln hn kha ca tt c cc nt thuc cy con tri v
nh hn kha ca tt c cc nt thuc cy con phi.
Di y l mt v d v cy nh phn tm kim:
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2.5. NH GI
Tt c cc thao tc Tm kim, Thm mi, Xa trn CNPTK u c
phc tp trung bnh O(h), vi h l chiu cao ca cy
Trong trong trng hp tt nht, CNPTK c n nt s c cao h =
log2(n). Chi ph tm kim khi s tng ng tm kim nh phn trn
mng c th t.
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