MC LC

1. Gii thiu chung v phn mm TEMS Investigation...........................................3

1.1. Gii thiu chung............................................................................................3
1.2. Cc thit b v dch v TEMS h tr.............................................................3
1.3 Mt s th tc chun b trc v trong qu trnh Drive test...........................4
1.4. Mt s thao tc c bn khi s dng TEMS...................................................5
2. Cc yu cu cho hot ng ca TEMS Investigation...........................................6
2.1. Kt ni n cc thit b bn ngoi.................................................................6
2.2. Thng tin v Cell...........................................................................................7
2.3. Chc nng iu khin ca TEMS................................................................10
3. Pht hin li v ti u vng ph vi TEMS Investigation.................................12
3.1 Cc cng c thng dng trong qu trnh Driving test................................12
3.2 Pht hin nhiu.............................................................................................14
3.3 Pht hin sai Fi-........................................................................................15
3.4 Pht hin khai thiu Neighbouring cell hoc khng ph hp.......................16
3.5 Pht hin OverShootting
18
3.6 Ti u vng ph thp....................................................................................19
3.7 To Report t logfiles...................................................................................21
4. Kt lun...............................................................................................................24

1. Gii thiu chung v phn mm TEMS Investigation

1.1. Gii thiu chung
C th tm tt ngn gn, TEMS Investigation l mt cng c test cho php
chng ta chun on, o kim li, vng ph thi gian thc. TEMS cho php chng
ta gim st knh thoi cng nh truyn data qua cc kt ni GPRS, EDGE, chuyn
mch knh (CSD) hoc chuyn mch knh tc cao (HSCSD). Cc phin truyn
data, voice c th c kim sot trong phm vi ca TEMS.
TEMS c trang b cc chc nng kim tra v gim st tin tin cng vi
kh nng phn tch v x l mnh m. V vy TEMS rt tin ch cho nhng k s
c kinh nghim v lm vic v RF.
D liu m TEMS thu c s c trnh by ngay thi im thc hin o.
iu lm cho TEMS pht huy nhng u vit trong vic Driving test khc
phc li, thc hin iu chnh, ti u vng ph nng cao cht lng mng. Ngoi
ra d liu m TEMS thu c c th lu thnh Logfiles phc v mc ch x l,
iu chnh, so snh trc v sau khi c s tc ng, thng k, bo co (Report).
TEMS Investigation c hai Mode hot ng l Idle Mode v Dedicated
Mode, trong :
- Idle Mode c s o vng ph ca trm, trn c s chng ta c th
ti u vng ph tt hn.
- Dedicated Mode c s dng o chi tit v cht lng cuc gi nh
RxLev, C/I, Handover,
1.2. Cc thit b TEMS h tr
- Vi phin bn TEMS GSM 8.0 c th h tr cc TEMS mobile nh Sony
Ericsson K790i, K800i. Ngoi ra TEMS cn h tr mt s dng Mobile ca hng
NOKIA 6200 v 6220.
- Mt GPS v ngun in cung cp (c ni vi Acqui ca xe chuyn
i in thnh 220V cho my tnh v GPS)

1.3 Mt s th tc chun b trc v trong qu trnh Drive test

- ng i Drive test phi c xc nh cn thn trc khi thc hin. Cc
im sau phi c cn nhc khi ln k hoc o:
+ Khong thi gian ti a cho mi cluster l 4h. s cuc gi
>=200 c th cung cp mt s liu ng tin cy.
+ ng i phi bao gm tt c cc Cells ca mt cluster.
+ Nu c th ng i phi c ln k hoch c th i c
Handover c 2 chiu.
+ t nht tt c cc tuyn ng chnh phi c o.
- Trc khi Drive test c tin hnh, tt c cc thng tin bao gm cao,
gc v hng anten phi c kim tra li. Nu pht hin c s sai khc trong
Cellfiles phi cp nht li.
- Trong sut qu trnh o, k s nn quan st bn ngoi xem xt li (sai
Fi-, Rxlev thp, nhiu, lp t sai Antena hoc vng ph c vt chn) v ni no
cn thit th ghi ch kim tra li.

1.4. Mt s thao tc c bn khi s dng TEMS

- Giao din TEMS Investigation:

Hnh 1.1 Giao din phn mm TEMS Investigation

- Cc thao tc c bn:
Lu Logfiles
Kt ni TEMS mobile vi PC qua cng COM (hay USB).
Kt ni tt c thit b (GPS, Mobile).
Ngt kt ni tt c thit b.
Ngng qu trnh ghi Logfiles.
Dng ghi/ tip tc ghi.
M Logfiles/ ng Logfiles.
Chy logfiles.
Chy tng bc.
Chy logfiles vi tc cao.
To Report thng k, bo co.

2. Cc yu cu cho hot ng ca TEMS Investigation

2.1. Kt ni n cc thit b bn ngoi
a. S dng chc nng nhn dng thit b
TEMS 8.0 u vit hn cc phin bn trc nh TEMS 6.0 ch n s t
ng nhn thit b khi ta kt ni vi my tnh (Lu : nn kt ni thit b vo 1
cng c nh m bo tnh n nh trong qu trnh hot ng).

Hnh 1.2 Cu hnh Port cho thit b kt ni vi TEMS

b. Kt ni thit b bn ngoi
- kt ni n mt thit b n bn ngoi, chng ta chn thit b cn kt
ni trong Combo box ca Equipment Control toolbar (MS, GPS,) sau chn
biu tng kt ni .
- kt ni n tt c thit b bn ngoi chn
c. Ngt kt ni thit b bn ngoi
- ngt kt ni n mt thit b n bn ngoi chn thit b cn ngt kt
ni trong Combo box ca Equipment Control toolbar (MS, GPS,) sau chn
biu tng ngt kt ni

- ngt kt ni n tt c thit b bn ngoi chn

2.2. Thng tin v Cell
c th kim sot li v ti u vng ph cho cc trm cn cung cp cho
TEMS Investigation cc d liu bao gm Cellfile, Site Name, bn s vng cn
o kim.
a. Cellfile Load
Load Cellfile cho TEMS chng ta thao tc nh sau:
T giao din Configuration, kch p vo phn General, tip tc chn
Cellfile Load

Hnh 2.1 Load Cellfile

Tip theo chn ng dn n v tr cha Cellfiles/OK.

Lu : Cellfile c th c to ra t cc cng c nh MCOM, Exert,

TEMS, Vi d liu u vo ly t CDD ca BSC bao gm cc trng nh Lat,
Lon, Ant. Direction, Ant. Beam width.
b. Chn Layer Control
c thng tin v tn v v tr ca trm trn bn cn phi cung cp cho
TEMS tn ca cc trm . y chnh l vic to Site Name v chn Site Name
vo TEMS.
Hnh 2.2 Giao din chnh ca TEMS
- Thao tc chn Site Name nh sau:
T Tab GSM nh hnh 2.2, kch tri chut vo biu tng
Add Site Name

, thc hin

Hnh 2.3 Chn Site Name

c. M bn
T Tab GSM, kch chut vo biu tng
bn (Mapfiles).

, sau chn n v tr cha file

Hnh 2.4 Chn bn khu vc Drive test

8

2.3. Chc nng iu khin ca TEMS

a. Chui lnh
Chui lnh c s dng TEMS t ng test dch v thoi cng nh dch
v data. N cho php chng ta ghi li tt c cc lnh m sau ny s dng li trong
sut qu trnh o Driving test.
- i vi dch v voice, chng ta c th kim sot vic la chn li cell v
cch kim sot vi Handover cng nh vic o cc t s C/A v C/I.
- i vi dch v data, chng ta c th test c cc ng dng nh HTTP,
FTP, Email, Ping, SMS, WAP v MMS. Mt iu tht th v l chng ta cng c
th dng nhiu phin, nhiu mobile ng thi so snh gia chng.
b. Xy dng chui lnh
Chui lnh c xy dng v chy trn ca s chui lnh (Command
Sequence) trong mc Control & Confix.

Hnh 2.5 M ca s Control & Confix

Cc bc xy dng Command Sequence nh sau:

Thm lnh (Add ) kch chut vo biu tng trn v cho php chng ta la
chn, bao gm loi ng dng (Dch v data, MS), iu khin thit b,
Reselection/handover, voice,

Hnh 2.6 V d v Command Sequence c thit lp

3. Pht hin li v ti u vng ph vi TEMS Investigation
3.1 Cc cng c thng dng trong qu trnh Driving test
Trong qu trnh Driving test mt s cng c thng dng gim st v
pht hin li nh Map, Serving + Neighbour cell, C/I [MS1], Radio Parameters,
Line Chart, Cell Definition, Command Sequence, Interference Line Chart,
Khi Driving test nhm Drivetest s qua st ch yu giao din ny pht
hin li trong qu trnh o.

10

Hnh 3.1 Giao din kim sot li thng thng ca TEMS

11

3.2 Pht hin nhiu

Mc nhiu th hin t l phn trm li bit v li khung, n xy ra trong
trng hp b tc ng ca ngun nhiu bn ngoi (nhiu tp m, cc loi sng
in t khc do mi trng gy ra) v ngun nhiu trong mng (nhiu ng knh,
cn knh do quy hoch tn s khng hp l, ...)
Phn mm TEMS c th cho ta nhn bit s tc ng ca nhiu. nhn
bit nhiu qua TEMS chng ta c th quan st ca s C/I [MS1]. Khi c C/I Drop,
iu ny ng ngha vi vic ch ra s c mt ca nhiu trong sng mang. Hnh v
bn di m t v tr b nhiu thng qua ca s Line chart hoc Radio parameters.

Hnh 3.2 Pht hin nhiu qua Line chart

Nhiu l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn chnh lm gim cht lng ca
mng GSM, iu dn n cht lng voice ti, rt cuc gi s tng, Handover
khng thnh cng, thit lp cuc gi khng thnh cng, ..i vi nhiu do phn b
tn khng ph hp c th gii quyt c bi vic lm CR yu cu thay i.
Nhng i vi nhiu do bn ngoi tc ng vi cng thp s nh hng trc

12

tip n cht lng mng ca chng ta v phi tm ra cc bin php xc nh

ngun gy nhiu.
Trn ca s Line Chart chng ta c th nhn thy cht lng thoi (SQI)
gim ng k ng dc xung ( v tr Poor SQI v RxQual) v t s C/I ti
nht trn hai knh TCH (C/I worst). Ngoi ra chng ta c th xem t s C/I r hn
ca s C/I.
Khi d on c nhiu vng bin ca trm hoc trong vng ph ca cell
cn gim tc Drive, bi v tc cao kh c th pht hin c nhiu, c
bit vng nhiu ngang qua rt nhanh.
Mt s phng php c th ci thin tnh trng b nhiu trong mng:
- Thay i tn s trn cell phc v hoc/ v cell gy nn nhiu.
- Downtilt ngun nhiu trong trng hp b chng ln qu nhiu
gia cc cell.
- Tng cng sut ca cell phc v v hoc gim cng sut pht ca
cell gy nn ngun nhiu.
- Tin hnh iu khin cng sut, hoc s dng phng php nhy
tn cn bng nhiu.
Trong trng hp Driving test pht hin ra nhiu, vic u tin l xem xt
vic quy hoch tn s cho vng v tm ra ngun nhiu c nhiu kh nng nht
thng qua phn mm MCOM. i vi trng hp nhiu rt ln v nghim trng
c th s dng phng php nhy tn gim nhiu. Khi cc gii php trn t
hiu qu chng ta c th s dng phng php tng cng sut pht tng t s
C/I, hoc gim cng sut ca trm gy nhiu. Ngoi ra chng ta c th Downtilt
ca anten gim s chng ln gia cc cell.
3.3 Pht hin sai Fi-
Lp sai Fi- l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn gy nn rt Bad Quality,
Suddenly Drop lm gim cht lng mng. Bi v khi lp sai Fi- s nh hng
v phn b tn s gy nn nhiu cho vng v quan h Neighbouring cell b sai
lch cng dn n rt.

13

Trong qu trnh Driving test vic pht hin sai Fi- l mt trong nhng vn
rt n gin. Song trong mt s trng hp chng ta s mc phi sai lm khi
cha o chnh xc to v hng ca anten (Lon, lat, Dir).
xc nh sai Fi-, bc u tin chng ta phi lm l o li (Lon, lat,
Dir Anten), xem hnh 3.3. Nu pht hin sai phi cp nht vo Cellfiles v tin
hnh Driving test xung quanh trm (Cch trm t 600 1000m, tu thuc tilt ca
anten). Trong mt s trng hp c th ch hai hai Sector, nhng c nhng trm
sai Fi- vng.

Hnh 3.3 Pht hin li sai Fi-.

3.4 Pht hin khai thiu Neighbouring cell hoc khng ph hp
Chng ta bit rng vic khai bo Neighbouring cell thiu hoc khng hp l
s nh hng rt nhiu n cht lng mng. Bi v khi MS di chuyn xa Serving
cell v RxLev s gim dn v n ngng n cn phi Handover sang trm c kh

14

nng phc v tt hn, nhng do khai thiu Neighbouring cell, v th MS khng th

Handover sang trm khc c v iu ny s gy nn Call Drop.
Ngoi vic phn tch KPI xc nh vic khi thiu Neighbouring cell nh
Outgoing HO Success Rate, Incoming,th Driving test rt hiu qu trong vic
pht hin li do khai bo thiu Neighbouring cell.

Hnh 3.4 Khai bo thiu Neighbouring cell

Kim tra missing neghbour bng cch xem trc tip ca s Map trong qu
trnh Driving test
Khi Driving test pht hin c li khai bo thiu Neighbouring cell, cn phi
kim tra li CDD ca BSC bng cch s dng MCOM v lm CR (change
Request) yu cu b sung.
3.5 Hin tng Over Shootting
y l hin tng m khi MS ang di chuyn trong vng phc v ca 1 Site A
nhng n khng bt vo 1 cell ca Site A ny m li bt vo 1 cell ca 1 Site B
no rt xa( v d nh hnh di y).
khc phc hin tng ny ta phi xem li cao ca anten, gc ngng xem c
vt qu yu cu cho php hay khng.

15

Hnh 3.5 Hin tng Overshootting

3.6 Ti u vng ph thp
Vic ti u vng ph tng chng n gin, nhng thc t li khng n
gin cht no, c bit vi nhng vng mt trm qu tha hoc qu dy. Vn
cn quan tm trong vic ti u vng ph chnh l iu chnh mc RxLev sao cho
ph hp, c bit l nhng vng c mc RxLev thp hoc nhng vng c nhiu
tc ng.
Vn chnh ca vic ti u vng ph l phi m bo RxLev tt. Nguyn
nhn dn n RxLev thp l do nh hng t bn ngoi. Khi tn hiu thp s
ko theo C/ I b gim v C/I gim gy nn cht lng thoi gim. u tin l BER

16

tng ln dn n cht lng thoi b gim v tip theo l FER tng khi cc mu
tn hiu b mt tt c v iu ny chc chn s dn n rt cuc gi.
Nu ngun gy nhiu c nh gi trc khi quan tm n RxLev, ngi
ti u c th b cun ht vo vn nhiu gy nn cht lng mng thp v tp
trung vo vic iu chnh tn s, iu lm lng ph thi gian bi nguyn nhn
thc s ca nhiu l nhiu nhit hoc nhiu nn chng khng th b loi b bi
vic thay i tn s.
Gii php gii quyt vn vng ph thp l:
- Tng cng sut pht ra ca BTS hoc gim suy hao BTS.
- Chnh li hng, tilt hoc tng cao anten
- S dng mt Repeater m rng vng ph.
- Xy dng thm trm mi.
Tu vo thit b ca nh cung cp, c th tng cng sut n ti a thng
qua yu cu phn mm hoc thay TRX vi cng sut cao hn. Lu c th vng
ph thp l do suy hao Fi-.
Mt iu quan trng cn lu l vng ph uplink v downlink phi cn
bng, do khi tng cng sut ng xung cn thit phi kt hp vi vic tng
vng ph ng ln nh thm vo TMA.
Nu vn vng ph gn vi site hin ti v nguyn nhn RxLev thp bi
vt chn, khi c th gii quyt vn ny nh tng cao anten vt qua
vt chn. Nu vn vng ph gn vi mt cell hin ti nhng v tr nm gia 2
sector, khi ta c th chnh li hng anten ci thin mc thu.
Quay li nhng vn c th trong vic tc ng trc tip nh chnh tilt,
hng anten, lp t trm mi,
a. iu chnh Uptilt ca anten.
iu chnh Uptilt ca anten c th ci thin c vng ph thp. Tuy nhin
c mt bt li ca vic lm ny l gy nn nhiu n cc cell khc. Trong hu ht
17

cc trng hp nng thm mt gc -3dB trn ng ngang s khng cung cp

thm c s ci thin v tng ch. i vi vng nng thn c th p dng
phng php ny hoc s dng cc b Repeater bi v nhng vng ny lu lng
thng rt thp.
nhng vng c mt trm tha v vy khng th bao ph ton b vng
c, nn u tin khu dn c v ng giao thng, hoc kt hp ng giao thng
v khu dn c. c bit l nhng tuyn ng giao thng khng nn ph chng
ln qu nhiu m nn u tin cho nhng vng cha c dch v (no service).
Khi phn tch vng ph thp cn kim tra nu mc tn hiu thp c phi l
do iu khin cng sut hay khng. Nu trng hp ny cht lng c th chp
nhn c, khng c vn g thay i.
b. iu chnh hng ca anten v lp t trm mi
Trong trng hp khong cch o c n vng phc v thp l kh xa t
hng Anten v nm trong khong null gia 2 sector, nhng vic thay i
hng anten s khng hiu qu (cc hng ca anten ang phc v vng th).
Trong trng hp ny tt nht l lp thm trm mi.
Trong vng Thnh th, vi mt trm dy, nu pht hin vng bin thng
xy ra hin tng Handover qu nhiu (nguy c Call drop cao) nn iu chnh
mt trm pht chnh cho vng cng nh trnh hin tng chng ln vng ph
ca nhiu trm c th gy nn nhiu (chnh tilt). V c bit khng nn thay i
m hnh thit k mt li ban u, tr nhng trng hp c bit.
Trong nhng vng dn c ng c v vng phc v ny c bao quanh
bi cc Site. Nu phn tch vng ny m thy rng n khng c vt cn ng k
gn cell ang phc v v khong cch ca vng c vn l nm trong bn knh
c phc v. Tuy nhin, khi nghin cu k hn trong vng ph thp nu ta thy
rng khu vc ny l khu ng c (ng rt hp v cc to nh l lin k nhau)
c rt t c hi c mt tn hiu ng thng hoc phn x v khc x t cc cell
18

ln cn thm nhp c n MS. Gii php tt nht l xy mt SITE mi trong

hoc gn vi khu vc trn bi v khu vc ny l ng c v do lu lng ca
khu vc ny s rt ln.
3.7 To Report t logfiles.
T mt hoc nhiu logfiles chng ta c th to ra Report vi nh dng
HTML m n c tng hp t thng tin ca Logfiles vi mc ch to ra bn tin
thng k v cc thng s ca mng. Mt s im cn ch khi to Report:
+

Khng c m logfile trong khi ang to Report, nu c bt c

logfile
no c m th phi ng li.

Nu c bt c thit b no ang kt ni phi ngt kt ni chng

(Disconnect). iu ny tht s cn thit qu trnh Report lm vic
mt cch ng n hn.

chun b Report logfile, kch chut vo Generate ReportReport toolbar

, hp thoi bn di xut hin.

- u tin ta chn mt hoc nhiu logfile m bn cn Report, Kch chut

vo Add V chn Browse ca Logfiles mun Report.
- Tip theo cn ch r th mc li ra m Report s c to ra.
19

- Sau kch chut vo Properties la chn ni dung cn Report. Ca

s Log Report Properties xut hin.
a. Tab Threshold Values (Gi tr ngng)

Sau khi ca s ny xut hin, chng ta c th so snh gi tr t bn tin

Report vi gi tr ngng m TEMS a ra. Cc gi tr ngng ny c th thay i
tu theo yu cu ca tng mng. Trong Tab Threshold Values, chng ta c th loi
b hay la chn nhng thnh phn thng tin cn thit to Report.

Cc gi tr ngng c xc nh trc trong hp thoi trn v chng ta

cng c th nh ngha hoc thay i, xo b theo mun.
b. Tab Event (s kin)

20

Trong bn tin Report ny cho chng ta thng k theo cc s kin theo yu

cu (Call Attemp, Call Setup, Call Drop,). T Tab ny chng ta la chn loi s
kin, nh hnh bn di.

c. To Report
Sau khi thc hin hon thnh cc bc trn, chng ta kch chut chn Finish
kt thc qu trnh to Report.

21

4. Kt lun
nng cao cht lng mng cng nh duy tr tnh n nh ca mng li,
p ng tt v nng cao kh nng phc v cho khch hng, cng vic ti u l rt
cn thit v phi c thc hin lin tc. y l mt ni dung khng th thiu
c ngy cng phc v tt hn yu cu ca khc hng. Trong chu trnh ti u
ny Drive test t ra rt hiu qu v cng l mt th tc quan trng gp phn cho
chu trnh ti u c hon ho hn. Do vy vic thc c tm quan trng ca
Drive test v hiu r qu trnh phn tch Drive test s gip cho chng ta a ra
nhng quyt nh ti u mng li mt cch chnh xc hn./.

22