Transformation a quadrilateral to a rectangle.

Let

be a quadrilateral.

line parallel to

circle with diameter

perpendicular to
point on

be an arbitrary point on the

cuts the line through

.

Prove

that

cuts the line through

and parallel to
the

line

through

and
at a

carries the figure

into the figure

goes then to the intersection

to

parallel

figure
and

at O.

and perpendicular to

Solution 1.- Consider the homology fixing the pencil

line

is an arbitrary

from

As a result,
to

and

perpendicular to

to

is

and the line

It

The infinite point of the

of

therefore

with the parallel through

the

goes to the point

limiting

line

of

the

where the parallels from

intersect, in other words the intersection of the

at

and the perpendicular to

at

lies on

Comment: Can you explain to me some concepts: homology, infinite point,

limiting line? Thank you in advance
Answer: The concept of point at infinity is exactly the same thing as direction
in the plane, e.g. a set of parallel lines (having the same direction) is a set of
lines passing through a point at infinity. All points at infinity lie on the line at
infinity. The Euclidean plane with this line added is known as projective plane.
So here, any two

lines always

A bijection between two figures

intersect, parallels are no exception.

such that a point and an indicent line

go to a point a an indicent line, is called homography. The limiting line is

simply the image of the line at infinity under a homographic transformation.

Hence, in general there are 2 limiting lines

figure

in a bijection, one for each

A homology is a homography that fixes a line.