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Workstation User's Manual
Workstation User's Manual
Workstation 6.0
You can find the most up-to-date technical documentation on our Web site at
http://www.vmware.com/support/
The VMware Web site also provides the latest product updates.
If you have comments about this documentation, submit your feedback to:
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1998-2007 VMware, Inc. All rights reserved. Protected by one or more of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,397,242,
6,496,847, 6,704,925, 6,711,672, 6,725,289, 6,735,601, 6,785,886, 6,789,156, 6,795,966, 6,880,022,
6,944,699, 6,961,806, 6,961,941, 7,069,413, 7,082,598, 7,089,377, 7,111,086, 7,111,145, 7,117,481,
7,149,843, 7,155,558, and 7,222,221; patents pending.
VMware, the VMware boxes logo and design, Virtual SMP and VMotion are registered trademarks or
trademarks of VMware, Inc. in the United States and/or other jurisdictions. All other marks and names
mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective companies.
VMware, Inc.
3401 Hillview Ave.
Palo Alto, CA 94304
www.vmware.com
2
VMware, Inc.
Contents
Preface
15
1 IntroductionandSystemRequirements 20
ProductBenefits 20
OverviewofThisManual 21
AbouttheHostandGuestComputers 22
WhatsNewinVersion 6 22
UpgradePathtoWorkstationACEEdition 22
IntegratedVirtualDebuggers 23
VMwarePlayer2.0 23
AutomationThroughExpandedVIX1.1API 24
Record/ReplayofVirtualMachineActivity(Experimental) 24
PhysicaltoVirtualConversionandEnhancedImportFunctionality(Windows
HostsOnly) 24
EasyUpgradeorDowngradeofVMwareVirtualMachines 25
RunningVirtualMachinesintheBackground 25
SupportforMultipleMonitorDisplays 25
IncreaseinNumberofEthernetAdaptersSupported 25
New64BitSoundDriver 25
SupportforHighSpeedUSB2.0Devices 26
AbilityforaVirtualMachinetoActasaVNCServer 26
IncreasedRAMSupportandAbilitytoRunonServerClassSystems 26
NewHostOperatingSystemSupport 26
NewGuestOperatingSystemSupport 28
Improved64BitGuestSupport 29
ApplianceViewforVirtualAppliances 29
MonitortheStatusofaBatteryfromtheGuestOperatingSystem 29
EnhancedAbilitytoGatherDebuggingInformation 30
SupportforParavirtualizedLinuxKernels 30
UserInterfaceforMappingaVirtualDisktoaDriveLetter 30
AutomaticUpdatetotheLatestVersionofVMwareTools 30
EnhancedAbilitytoRestrictSharedFolders 31
EnhancedFileSharingandCopyandPasteFunctionality 31
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HostSystemRequirements 32
PCHardware 32
Memory 33
Display 33
DiskDrives 33
LocalAreaNetworking(Optional) 34
HostOperatingSystem 34
VirtualMachineSpecifications 38
Processor 38
ChipSet 38
BIOS 38
Memory 39
Graphics 39
IDEDrives 39
SCSIDevices 39
FloppyDrives 39
Serial(COM)Ports 40
Parallel(LPT)Ports 40
USBports 40
Keyboard 40
MouseandDrawingTablets 40
EthernetCard 40
Sound 41
VirtualNetworking 41
SupportedGuestOperatingSystems 41
MicrosoftWindows32Bit 42
MicrosoftWindows64Bit 42
MicrosoftMSDOS 42
Linux32Bit 43
Linux64Bit 43
NovellNetWare32Bit 44
NovellOpenEnterpriseServer32Bit 44
FreeBSD32Bit 44
FreeBSD64Bit 44
SunSolaris32Bit 44
SunSolaris64Bit 44
Supportfor64BitGuestOperatingSystems 45
2 InstallingVMwareWorkstation 47
InstallationPrerequisites 47
SharingaWorkstationHostwithOtherVMwareProducts 48
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Contents
InstallingWorkstationonaWindowsHost 48
InstallingWorkstationSilently 51
UninstallingWorkstationonaWindowsHost 52
InstallingWorkstationonaLinuxHost 53
ConfiguringWorkstationwithvmwareconfig.pl 54
UninstallingWorkstationonaLinuxHost 56
WheretoGoNext 56
3 UpgradingVMwareWorkstation 57
PreparingfortheUpgrade 57
RemovingSnapshotsandShuttingDownSuspendedVirtualMachines 57
BackingUpVirtualMachines 58
RemovingWorkstation2or3toInstallWorkstation6 58
UpgradingonaWindowsHost 59
UpgradingtoaWindowsVistaHost 59
UpgradingonaLinuxHost 60
UsingWorkstation4or5VirtualMachinesinWorkstation 6 61
UsinganOlderVersionVirtualMachineWithoutUpgrading 61
ChangingtheVersionoftheVirtualMachine 61
4 LearningWorkstationBasics 65
StartingWorkstation 66
OverviewoftheWorkstationWindow 66
HomePageandViews 68
ToolbarButtons 71
Sidebar 75
CheckingforProductUpdates 78
IntroductiontoCreatingaVirtualMachine 79
IntroductiontoWorkstationPreferences 81
IntroductiontoVirtualMachineSettings 83
HardwareTab 83
OptionsTab 84
ClosingVirtualMachinesandExitingWorkstation 86
KeyboardShortcuts 87
5 CreatingaNewVirtualMachine 89
SettingUpaNewVirtualMachine 89
BeforeYouBegin 89
UsingtheNewVirtualMachineWizard 94
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InstallingaGuestOperatingSystem 97
Example:InstallingWindowsXPasaGuestOperatingSystem 99
UpgradingaGuestOperatingSystem 99
ConfiguringtheGuestOperatingSystem 100
ImportingVirtualMachinesfromOtherFormats(WindowsHostsOnly) 100
SummaryoftheConversionProcess 101
VMwareConverterVersustheImporterWizardinWorkstation 102
ConverterImportWizard:OverviewandSupportedSourceMachines 102
SupportedDestinations 105
HowConvertingAffectsSettings 107
OpeningandImportingaVirtualMachineorSystemImage 108
FilesThatMakeUpaVirtualMachine 110
6 InstallingandUsingVMwareTools 113
AboutVMwareTools 113
InstallingandUpgradingVMwareTools 115
UpgradingVMwareTools 116
InstallingVMwareToolsonaWindowsGuest 118
InstallingVMwareToolsonaLinuxGuest 125
InstallingVMwareToolsinaSolarisGuest 129
InstallingVMwareToolsinaFreeBSDGuest 130
InstallingVMwareToolsinaNetWareVirtualMachine 132
StartingVMwareToolsIfYouDoNotUseaSessionManager 133
UninstallingVMwareToolsorChangingWhichModulesAreInstalled 134
VMwareToolsConfigurationOptions 134
UsingtheVMwareToolsControlPaneltoConfigureTools 135
UsingtheSystemConsoletoConfigureVMwareToolsinaNetWareGuest
OperatingSystem 139
CustomizationstoVMwareTools 141
UsingCustomScriptsWhenthePowerStateChanges 141
ExecutingCommandsAfterYouPowerOfforResetaVirtualMachine 143
PassingaStringfromtheHosttotheGuest 143
PassingInformationBetweentheGuestandAnotherProgram 146
UsingtheVMwareToolsCommandLineInterface 146
OptionsfortheVMwareToolscmdCommand 147
7 RunningaVirtualMachine 149
StartingaVirtualMachine 150
VirtualMachineLocation 152
RunningVMwareTools 152
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Contents
ShuttingDownaVirtualMachine 154
PoweringOffVersusShuttingDownandResettingVersusRestarting 154
DeletingaVirtualMachine 156
ControllingtheDisplay 156
SimplifyingtheScreenDisplay 157
UsingFullScreenMode 158
UsingQuickSwitchMode 159
ReportingBatteryInformationintheGuestOperatingSystem 160
UsingExclusiveMode 160
UsingMultipleMonitors 162
FittingtheWorkstationConsoletotheVirtualMachineDisplay 165
WorkingwithNonstandardResolutions 167
InstallingNewSoftware 168
DisablingAccelerationIfaProgramWontRun 168
RunningVirtualMachinesfromWithinanIDE 169
DisplayingtheVirtualMachineasanAppliance 170
TransferringFilesandTextBetweentheHostandGuest 171
UsingDragandDrop 171
UsingCopyandPaste 172
UsingSharedFolders 173
UsingaMappedDrive(WindowsOnly) 180
UsingDevicesinaVirtualMachine 181
Adding,Configuring,andRemovingDevicesinaVirtualMachine 181
ConnectingandDisconnectingRemovableDevices 182
CreatingaScreenShotofaVirtualMachine 183
CreatingaMovieofaVirtualMachine 183
UsingaVNCClientforRemoteConnectionstoaVirtualMachine 184
AboutVNCPortNumbers 185
EnsuringProperDisplayontheClient 185
8 MovingandSharingVirtualMachines 187
VirtualMachineIdentifier:UUID 187
UUIDOptionsWhenYouMoveaVirtualMachine 188
SpecifyingaUUIDforaVirtualMachine 189
MovingaVirtualMachine 190
HostswithDifferentHardware 190
MovingaVirtualMachinetoaNewHostorontheSameHost
MovinganOlderVirtualMachine 193
MovingLinkedClones 193
SharingVirtualMachineswithOtherUsers 193
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SharingVirtualMachineswithVMwarePlayer 194
RunningVMwarePlayer 194
SettingUpVirtualMachinesforUsewithVMwarePlayer 195
9 UsingDisks 197
OverviewofDiskStorageinaVirtualMachine 197
VirtualDisks 198
PhysicalDisks 200
MaintenanceTasksforVirtualDisks 201
DefragmentingVirtualDisks 201
ShrinkingVirtualDisks 202
AddingVirtualandPhysicalDiskstoaVirtualMachine 204
AddingaNewVirtualDisktoaVirtualMachine 204
AddinganExistingVirtualDisktoaVirtualMachine 206
RemovingaVirtualDiskfromaVirtualMachine 206
UsingPhysicalDisksinaVirtualMachine 207
AddingDVD/CDROMandFloppyDrivestoaVirtualMachine 212
AddingDVDorCDDrivestoaVirtualMachine 213
AddingFloppyDrivestoaVirtualMachine 214
ConnectingaCDROM/DVDorFloppyDrivetoanImageFile 215
UsingVMwareVirtualDiskManager 216
RunningtheVMwareVirtualDiskManagerUtility 217
ShrinkingVirtualDiskswithVirtualDiskManager(Windows Only)
ExamplesUsingtheVMwareVirtualDiskManager 220
UsingDualBootComputerswithVirtualMachines 222
LegacyVirtualDisks 222
219
10 PreservingtheStateofaVirtualMachine 225
UsingtheSuspendandResumeFeatures 225
UsingSnapshots 227
SnapshotProcesses:LinearVersusProcessTree 227
WhattoUseSnapshotsFor 229
WhatIsCapturedbyaSnapshot 230
WhentoTakeSnapshots 230
EnablingSnapshotActionsasaBackgroundActivity 231
ExcludingVirtualDisksfromSnapshots 232
WorkingwithSnapshotsintheSnapshotManager 233
TakingaSnapshot 235
RestoringaSnapshot 236
DisablingSnapshots 237
SnapshotOptionsWhenYouPowerOffaVirtualMachine
SnapshotsandWorkstation4VirtualMachines 239
8
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Contents
RecordingActivityofaVirtualMachine(Experimental) 239
HardwareandVirtualHardwareRequirements 240
RecordingandPlayingBackVirtualMachineActivity 242
11 CloningaVirtualMachine 247
UnderstandingClones 247
WhyMakeaClone? 248
FullandLinkedClones 248
FullClonesandSnapshotsoftheParent 249
CreatingClones 249
WorkingwithClones 251
MakingaLinkedCloneofaLinkedClone 251
MakingaFullCloneofaLinkedClone 251
NetworkIdentityforaClone 251
LinkedCloneSnapshot 252
LinkedClonesandAccesstotheParentVirtualMachine 252
12 ConfiguringTeams 255
BenefitsofUsingTeams 255
CreatingaTeam 257
OpeningandClosingaTeam 258
ChangingtheNameofaTeam 259
DeletingaTeam 259
ViewingTeamsandTheirVirtualMachines 260
AddingandRemovingTeamVirtualMachines 262
SettingtheStartupSequenceforaTeam 263
StartingandStoppingTeams 264
PoweringaTeamOnandOff 264
SuspendingandResumingaTeam 265
PowerOperationsforIndividualMembersofaTeam 266
WorkingwithTeamNetworks 266
LANSegmentRequirements 266
CreatingaTeamLANSegment 267
AddingandRemovingEthernetAdapters 268
ConfiguringConnectionsforaLANSegment 269
ConfiguringLANSegments 269
DeletingaLANSegment 270
CloningandTakingSnapshotsofTeamMembers 271
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13 ConfiguringaVirtualNetwork 273
NetworkBasics 274
ComponentsoftheVirtualNetwork 275
VirtualSwitch 275
DHCPServer 275
NetworkAdapter 276
CommonNetworkingConfigurations 276
BridgedNetworking 276
NetworkAddressTranslation(NAT) 278
HostOnlyNetworking 279
ExampleofaCustomNetworkingConfiguration 280
ChangingaNetworkingConfiguration 284
AddingandModifyingVirtualNetworkAdapters 284
ConfiguringBridgedNetworkingOptionsonaWindowsHost 285
Enabling,Disabling,Adding,andRemovingHostVirtualAdapters 289
AdvancedNetworkingTopics 291
SelectingIPAddressesonaHostOnlyNetworkorNATConfiguration 291
AvoidingIPPacketLeakageinaHostOnlyNetwork 293
MaintainingandChangingtheMACAddressofaVirtualMachine 296
ControllingRoutingInformationforaHostOnlyNetworkonLinux 297
PotentialIssueswithHostOnlyNetworkingonLinux 298
SettingUpaSecondBridgedNetworkInterfaceonaLinuxHost 299
SettingUpTwoSeparateHostOnlyNetworks 300
RoutingBetweenTwoHostOnlyNetworks 304
UsingVirtualEthernetAdaptersinPromiscuousModeonaLinuxHost 305
UsingNAT 306
HowtheNATDeviceUsestheVMnet8VirtualSwitch 306
TheHostComputerandtheNATNetwork 307
DHCPontheNATNetwork 307
DNSontheNATNetwork 307
ExternalAccessfromtheNATNetwork 308
AdvancedNATConfiguration 309
ConsiderationsforUsingNAT 314
UsingNATwithNetLogon 314
SampleLinuxvmnetnat.confFile 317
UsingSambawithWorkstation 318
UsingaSambaServerforBridgedandHostOnlyNetworks 319
UsingSambaWithoutNetworkAccess 319
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Contents
14 ConfiguringVideoandSound 321
SettingScreenColorDepth 321
ChangingScreenColorDepthontheHost 322
ChangingScreenColorDepthintheVirtualMachine 322
ExperimentalSupportforDirect3D 322
AudienceforDirect3DExperimentalSupport 323
Accelerated3DLimitations 323
EnablingAccelerated3D 323
KnownIssues 326
HelpingVMwarewithExperimentalSupport 326
ConfiguringSound 327
InstallingSoundDriversinWindows9xandNTGuests 327
15 ConnectingDevices 329
UsingParallelPorts 329
InstallationinGuestOperatingSystems 329
ConfiguringaParallelPortonaLinuxHost 330
SpecialNotesfortheIomegaZipDrive 334
UsingSerialPorts 335
UsingaSerialPortoraFileontheHostComputer 335
ConnectinganApplicationontheHosttoaVirtualMachine 336
ConnectingTwoVirtualMachines 337
ConfigurationOptionsforAdvancedUsers 340
Examples:DebuggingoveraVirtualSerialPort 341
ConfiguringKeyboardFeatures 343
EnhancedVirtualKeyboardforWindowsHosts 343
HotKeys 344
SpecifyingaLanguageKeymapforVNCClients 345
KeyboardMappingonaLinuxHost 346
UsingUSBDevicesinaVirtualMachine 353
EnablingandDisablingtheUSB2.0Controller 354
ConnectingUSBDevices 355
UsingUSBwithaWindowsHost 356
ReplacingUSB2.0DriversonaWindows2000Host 356
UsingUSBwithaLinuxHost 357
HowDeviceControlIsSharedBetweenHostandGuest 357
DisconnectingUSBDevicesfromaVirtualMachine 358
HumanInterfaceDevices 359
ConnectingtoaGenericSCSIDevice 359
GenericSCSIonaWindowsHostOperatingSystem 359
GenericSCSIonaLinuxHostOperatingSystem 365
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UsingTwoWayVirtualSymmetricMultiprocessing(Experimental) 367
MovingSMPVirtualMachinesBetweenWorkstationandESXServer 368
16 PerformanceTuning 369
ConfiguringandMaintainingtheHostComputer 369
CPU 369
Memory 369
Disks 371
Networking 372
ConfiguringVMwareWorkstationandVirtualMachines 372
CPU 373
Memory 374
Disks 377
Networking 379
AdditionalSuggestionsforImprovingPerformance 379
ConfiguringGuestOperatingSystems 381
CPU 381
Disks 382
Networking 385
VisualEffects(WindowsOnly) 385
EnhancedPerformancewithParavirtualizedKernelsinLinuxGuests 386
UsingtheMicrosoftPerformanceConsoletoMonitorVirtualMachine
Performance 388
17 SpecialPurposeConfigurationOptionsforWindowsHosts 391
LockingOutInterfaceFeatures(WindowsHostsOnly) 391
RemovingaForgottenPassword 392
RestrictingtheUserInterface 392
AutomaticallyReturningtoaSnapshotwithaRestrictedUserInterface
UsingFullScreenSwitchMode(WindowsHostsOnly) 395
CreatingaVirtualMachineforUseinFullScreenSwitchMode 395
MovingaVirtualMachinetotheUsersComputer 396
ConfiguringFullScreenSwitchMode 396
StartingandStoppingVirtualMachinesontheUsersComputer 402
GuestACPIS1Sleep 405
393
A WorkstationCommandLineReference 407
StartupOptionsforWorkstationandVirtualMachines 407
UsingStartupOptionsinaWindowsShortcut 409
CommandLineApplicationforOperatingVirtualMachines
Examplesforvmrun 412
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Contents
B UsingtheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebugger 415
OverviewoftheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebugger 415
SettingUptheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerEnvironment 417
HostSystemRequirements 417
EclipseRequirements 419
VirtualMachineRequirements 419
ManagingVirtualMachineLaunchConfigurations 421
UsingApplicationConfigurationstoStartApplicationsinaVirtual
Machine 422
UsingApplicationConfigurationstoAttachtoApplicationsRunningina
VirtualMachine 424
DeletingConfigurations 425
RunningandDebuggingApplicationsinVirtualMachines 425
StartinganApplicationDebuggingSessioninaVirtualMachine 425
StartinganApplicationinaVirtualMachineWithoutDebugging 426
AttachingtheDebuggertoanApplicationRunninginaVirtualMachine 426
C UsingtheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebugger 427
OverviewoftheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebugger 427
ConfigurationOptionsWhenStartinganApplicationinaVirtualMachine 428
ConfigurationOptionsWhenAttachingtoaProcessRunninginaVirtual
Machine 429
SettingUptheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebuggerEnvironment 430
MicrosoftVisualStudioRequirementsandRecommendations 431
HostSystemRequirements 432
VirtualMachineRequirementsandRecommendations 432
TroubleshootingTips 436
ManagingVirtualMachineConfigurations 437
CreatingConfigurations 437
RenamingConfigurations 438
RemovingConfigurations 438
SettingConfigurationProperties 439
RunningandDebuggingApplicationsinVirtualMachines 442
StartingaDebuggingSessioninaVirtualMachine 442
StartingaSessionWithoutDebugginginaVirtualMachine 442
AttachingtheDebuggertoaProcessRunninginaVirtualMachine 443
Glossary
445
Index 453
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Preface
ThisprefaceprovidesinformationabouttheWorkstationUsersManualandlinksto
VMwaretechnicalsupportandeducationalresources.
Thisprefacecontainsthefollowingtopics:
AboutThisBookonpage 15
TechnicalSupportandEducationResourcesonpage 16
Intended Audience
Thisbookisintendedforanyonewhoneedstoinstall,upgrade,oruseVMware
Workstation.Workstationuserstypicallyincludepeoplewhodosoftwaredevelopment
andtestingorworkwithmultipleoperatingsystemsorcomputingenvironments:
softwaredevelopers,QAengineers,trainers,salespeoplewhorundemos,andanyone
whowantstocreatevirtualmachines.
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Document Feedback
Ifyouhavecommentsaboutthisdocumentation,submityourfeedbackto:
docfeedback@vmware.com
Conventions
Thefollowingtypographicconventionsareusedinthismanual.
Table P-1. Conventions Used in This Manual
Style
Elements
Blueboldface(onlineonly)
Crossreferencesandlinks
Blackboldface
Userinterfaceelementssuchasbuttonnamesandmenuitems
Monospace
Commands,filenames,directories,andpaths
Monospace bold
Userinput
Italic
Documenttitles,glossaryterms,andoccasionalemphasis
<Name>
Variableandparameternames
Self-Service Support
UsetheVMwareTechnologyNetwork(VMTN)forselfhelptoolsandtechnical
information:
Productinformationhttp://www.vmware.com/products/
Technologyinformationhttp://www.vmware.com/communities/content/
Documentationhttp://www.vmware.com/support/pubs
VMTNKnowledgeBasehttp://kb.vmware.com
Discussionforumshttp://www.vmware.com/community
Usergroupshttp://www.vmware.com/communities/content/vmug/
FormoreinformationabouttheVMwareTechnologyNetwork,goto
http://www.vmware.com/community/index.jspa.
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Preface
Support Offerings
FindouthowVMwaresupportofferingscanhelpmeetyourbusinessneeds.Goto
http://www.vmware.com/support/services.
Reporting Problems
IfyouhaveproblemswhilerunningVMwareWorkstation,pleasereportthemtothe
VMwaresupportteam.First,besuretoregisteryourserialnumber.Fromthe
Workstationmenubar,chooseHelp>VMwareontheWeb>RegisterNow!Youcan
thenreportyourproblemsbysubmittingasupportrequestat
www.vmware.com/requestsupport.
TheVMwaresupportteammightaskyoutorunasupportscriptinordertogatherthe
informationneededtodiagnosetheproblem.Forexample,ifavirtualmachineexits
abnormallyorcrashes,runthesupportscripttocollecttheappropriatelogfilesand
systeminformation.
AsofWorkstationversion6.0.1,youcanrunthesupportscriptbyclickingabuttonin
theHelp>AboutVMwareWorkstationbox.Youcanalso,asinpreviousreleases,run
thescriptfromthecommandline.
To run the support script from the Workstation user interface
1
StartVMwareWorkstation.
Forinstructions,seeStartingWorkstationonpage 66.
ChooseHelp>About.
IntheAboutVMwareWorkstationdialogboxthatappears,clickCollectSupport
Data.
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17
Intheconfirmationboxthatappears,confirmthatyouwanttocollectsupportdata.
OnWindowshosts,afterthescriptfinishesrunning,itcreatesa.zipfileand
displaysthepathtothefile.
OnLinuxhosts,thescriptcreatesacompressed.tgzfileintheusershome
directory.Becausethescriptisnotrunasroot,thescriptdisplaysmessages
indicatingthatitcannotcollectsomeinformation.Thisisnormal.IftheVMware
supportteamneedsthatinformation,asupportrepresentativewillaskyoutorun
thescriptfromthecommandlineasroot.Forinstructions,seeTorunthesupport
scriptonaLinuxhostonpage 19.
SubmitasupportrequesttotheVMwaresupportteamandincludethedatafile.
TheURLiswww.vmware.com/requestsupport.
Openacommandprompt.
ChangetotheVMwareWorkstationprogramdirectory:
C:
cd \Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation
Ifyoudidnotinstalltheprograminthedefaultdirectory,usetheappropriatedrive
letterandpathinthecdcommandabove.
3
Runthesupportscript:
cscript vm-support.vbs
Afterthescriptruns,itdisplaysthenameofthedirectorywhereithasstoredits
output.
4
UseafilecompressionutilitysuchasWinZiporPKZIPtozipthescriptoutput
directory,andincludethezipfilewithyoursupportrequest.
IfyouarereportingaproblemyouencounteredwhileinstallingVMware
Workstation,youshouldalsoincludeyourinstallationlogfile.
OnaWindowshost,thefileisVMInst.log.ItissavedinyourTempfolder.Ona
Windows2000,WindowsXP,orWindowsServer2003host,thedefaultlocationis
C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\Local Settings\Temp.
Youcanusethecommandcd %temp%tolocatetheLocal Settingsfolder,which
ishiddenbydefault.Toseeitscontents,openMyComputer,gotoTools>Folder
Options,clicktheViewtabandselectShowHiddenFilesandFolders.
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Preface
Openaterminalwindow.
Runthesupportscriptastheuserwhoisrunningthevirtualmachine:
vm-support
Ifyouarenotrunningthescriptasroot,thescriptdisplaysmessagesindicating
thatitcannotcollectsomeinformation.Thisisnormal.IftheVMwaresupport
teamneedsthatinformation,asupportrepresentativewillaskyoutorunthescript
againasroot.
Thescriptcreatesacompressed.tgzfileintheusershomedirectory.
3
Includethatoutputfilewithyoursupportrequest.
IfyouarereportingaproblemyouencounteredwhileinstallingVMware
Workstation,youshouldalsoincludeyourinstallationlogfile.
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19
ThischapterprovidesanintroductiontoWorkstationanddescribesthesystem
requirementsforoperatingWorkstation.Thischaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:
ProductBenefitsonpage 20
OverviewofThisManualonpage 21
AbouttheHostandGuestComputersonpage 22
WhatsNewinVersion 6onpage 22
HostSystemRequirementsonpage 32
VirtualMachineSpecificationsonpage 38
SupportedGuestOperatingSystemsonpage 41
Product Benefits
Workstationisdesktopsoftwarethatallowsyoutorunmultiplex86compatible
desktopandserveroperatingsystemssimultaneouslyonasinglePC,infully
networked,portablevirtualmachineswithnorebootingorharddrivepartitioning
required.
WithWorkstation,youspendlesstimeprocuringandconfiguring,andmoretime
testing,deploying,teaching,orrunningdemos.Overthreemillionsoftware
development,qualityassurance,training,sales,andITprofessionalsworldwidefind
Workstationanindispensabletool.
Tostreamlinesoftwaredevelopmentandtesting:
DevelopandtestmultipleoperatingsystemsandapplicationsonasinglePC.
Connectvirtualmachinestosimulateandtestmultitierconfigurations.
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Usemultiplesnapshotsanddebuggingsupporttofacilitatetesting.
Archivetestenvironmentsonfileserverswheretheycanbeeasilyrestoredor
shared.
ToenhanceproductivityofITprofessionals:
Configureandtestdesktopsandserversasvirtualmachinesbeforedeploying
themtoproduction.
Testnewmultitierapplications,applicationupdates,andOSpatchesonasingle
PC.
Hostlegacyapplicationswithinvirtualmachines,facilitatingOSmigrationsand
eliminatingtheneedtoportlegacyapplications.
Createavirtuallibraryofenduserconfigurationsonashareddrive.
Tofacilitatecomputerbasedtrainingandsoftwaredemos:
Packageanddeployclassroommaterialinvirtualmachines.
Allowstudentstoexperimentwithmultipleoperatingsystems,applications,and
toolsinsecure,isolatedvirtualmachines.
Configurevirtualmachinestoundoallchangesatshutdown.
Democomplexormultitierconfigurationsonasinglelaptop.
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ThephysicalcomputeronwhichyouinstalltheVMwareWorkstationsoftwareis
calledthehostcomputer,anditsoperatingsystemiscalledthehostoperatingsystem.
Theoperatingsystemrunninginsideavirtualmachineiscalledaguestoperating
system.
Fordefinitionsoftheseandotherspecialterms,seeGlossaryonpage 445.
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StorageCraftimages(.spffiles)
MicrosoftVirtualPC7.xandhigher(.vmcfiles)
AnyversionofMicrosoftVirtualServer(.vmcfiles)
SymantecBackupExecSystemRecoveryformerlyLiveStateRecovery
(.sv2i files)
NortonGhostimages9.xandhigher(.sv2ifiles)
Formoreinformation,seeImportingVirtualMachinesfromOtherFormats(Windows
HostsOnly)onpage 100.
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26
WindowsVistaEnterprise
WindowsVistaBusiness
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremium
WindowsVistaUltimate
WindowsServer2008
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.5(formerlycalled4.0Update5)
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RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.0
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9SP4
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10SP1
openSUSE10.2(formerlyknownasSUSELinux10.2)
openSUSE10.3
UbuntuLinux6.10
UbuntuLinux7.04
MandrivaLinux2007
MandrivaCorporateDesktop4.0
Supportforthefollowing64bithostshasbeenadded:
WindowsVistaEnterprise
WindowsVistaBusiness
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremium
WindowsVistaUltimate
WindowsServer2008
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.5(formerlycalled4.0Update5)
RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.0
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9SP4
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10SP1
openSUSE10.2(formerlyknownasSUSELinux10.2)
openSUSE10.3
UbuntuLinux6.10
UbuntuLinux7.04
MandrivaLinux2007
MandrivaCorporateDesktop4.0
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WindowsVistaEnterprise(3Deffectsnotyetsupported)
WindowsVistaBusiness(3Deffectsnotyetsupported)
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremium(3Deffectsnotyetsupported)
WindowsVistaUltimate(3Deffectsnotyetsupported)
WindowsServer2008
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.5
RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.0
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9SP4
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10SP1
openSUSE10.2(formerlyknownasSUSELinux10.2)
openSUSE10.3
Turbolinux10Server
Solaris10Update3
NovellNetware6.5SP5
UbuntuLinux6.10
UbuntuLinux7.04
MandrivaLinux2007
MandrivaCorporateDesktop4.0
FreeBSD6.2
Supportforthefollowing64bitguestshasbeenadded:
28
WindowsVistaEnterprise(3Deffectsnotyetsupported)
WindowsVistaBusiness(3Deffectsnotyetsupported)
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremium(3Deffectsnotyetsupported)
WindowsVistaUltimate(3Deffectsnotyetsupported)
WindowsServer2008
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.5
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RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.0
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9SP4
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10SP1
openSUSE10.2(formerlyknownasSUSELinux10.2)
openSUSE10.3
Turbolinux10Server
Solarisx8610Update3
UbuntuLinux6.10
UbuntuLinux7.04
MandrivaLinux2007
MandrivaCorporateDesktop4.0
FreeBSD6.2
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VMware, Inc.
Enablesomeorallsharedfoldersforaparticularvirtualmachine.
Setsharedfolderstobedisabledatthenextpoweron.
Setadefaulttoenableallsharedfoldersthatmightbepresentinvirtualmachines
thatyoudidnotcreateyourself.
SeeUsingSharedFoldersonpage 173.
VMwarePlayer2.0nowallowsyoutousesharedfolders.SeeSharingVirtual
MachineswithVMwarePlayeronpage 194.
UsesharedfoldersonaSolarisguest.(Previously,sharedfolderswereavailable
onlyforLinuxandWindowsguests.)SeeUsingSharedFoldersonpage 173.
DraganddropfilesbetweenaLinuxorWindowshostandaLinux,Windows,or
Solarisguest.(LinuxhostsandLinuxandSolarisguestsmustberunningX
Windows.)SeeUsingDragandDroponpage 171.
CopyandpastetextbetweenaWindowsorLinuxhostandaWindows,Linux,or
Solarisguest.SeeUsingCopyandPasteonpage 172.
Copyandpastefiles,notjusttext,betweenaWindowsorLinuxhostanda
Windows,Linux,orSolarisguest.SeeUsingCopyandPasteonpage 172.
OnLinuxhostsandguests,manyimprovementshavebeenmadetoperformance,
permissionshandling,andsharemounting,asdescribedinSharedFolderson
LinuxGuests:PermissionsandFolderMountingonpage 178.
VMware, Inc.
31
PC Hardware
Standardx86compatibleorx8664compatiblepersonalcomputer
733MHzorfasterCPUminimum
Compatibleprocessorsinclude:
Intel:Celeron,PentiumII,PentiumIII,Pentium4,PentiumM(including
computerswithCentrinomobiletechnology),Xeon(includingPrestonia),
andCore2processors
AMD:Athlon,AthlonMP,AthlonXP,Athlon64,Duron,Opteron,Turion 64
AMDSempron
Foradditionalinformation,includingnotesonprocessorsthatarenotcompatible,
seetheVMwareknowledgebaseat
www.vmware.com/support/kb/enduser/std_adp.php?p_faqid=967.
32
Multiprocessorsystemssupported
64bitsystemssupported:AMDOpteron,AMDAthlon64,AMDTurion64,AMD
Sempron,IntelEM64T.Supportfor64bitguestoperatingsystemsisavailableonly
onthefollowingversionsoftheseprocessors:
AMDAthlon64,revisionDorlater
AMDOpteron,revisionEorlater
AMDTurion64,revisionEorlater
AMDSempron,64bitcapablerevisionDorlater
IntelPentium4andCore2processorswithEM64TandIntelVirtualization
Technology
VMware, Inc.
Memory
512MBminimum(2GBisrecommended).
Youmusthaveenoughmemorytorunthehostoperatingsystem,plusthememory
requiredforeachguestoperatingsystemandforapplicationsonthehostandguest.See
yourguestoperatingsystemandapplicationdocumentationfortheirmemory
requirements.
Asofversion6.0ofWorkstation,thetotalamountofmemoryyoucanassigntoall
virtualmachinesrunningonasinglehostisunlimited.Themaximumamountof
memorypervirtualmachineis8GB.
Display
16bitor32bitdisplayadapterisrecommended.
Disk Drives
Guestoperatingsystemscanresideonphysicaldiskpartitionsorinvirtualdiskfiles.
Hard Disk
IDEandSCSIharddrivessupported.
Atleast1GBfreediskspacerecommendedforeachguestoperatingsystemandthe
applicationsoftwareusedwithit.Ifyouuseadefaultsetup,theactualdiskspace
needsareapproximatelythesameasthoseforinstallingandrunningtheguest
operatingsystemandapplicationsonaphysicalcomputer.
Forinstallation200MB(Linux)or900MB(Windows)freediskspacerequiredfor
basicinstallation.Youcandeletetheinstallerafterwardstoreclaimdiskspace.
IDEandSCSIopticaldrivessupported.
CDROMandDVDROMdrivessupported.
ISOdiskimagefilessupported.
Floppy Drives
Virtualmachinescanconnecttothehostsfloppydrives.Floppydiskimagefilesare
alsosupported.
VMware, Inc.
33
AnyEthernetcontrollersupportedbythehostoperatingsystem.
NonEthernetnetworkssupportedusingbuiltinnetworkaddresstranslation
(NAT)orusingacombinationofhostonlynetworkingplusroutingsoftwareon
thehostoperatingsystem.
34
WindowsVistaEnterpriseEdition
WindowsVistaBusinessEdition
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremiumEditions
WindowsVistaUltimateEdition
WindowsServer2008,SP1
WindowsServer2003StandardEdition,SP1,SP2
WindowsServer2003WebEdition,SP1
WindowsServer2003SmallBusinessEdition,SP1,SP2
WindowsServer2003EnterpriseEdition,SP1,SP2
WindowsServer2003R2
(Listedversionsarealsosupportedwithnoservicepack.)
WindowsXPHomeEdition,SP1,SP2
WindowsXPProfessional,SP1,SP2
Windows2000ServerSP3,SP4
Windows2000Professional,SP3,SP4
Windows2000AdvancedServer,SP3,SP4
VMware, Inc.
WindowsVistaEnterpriseEdition
WindowsVistaBusinessEdition
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremiumEditions
WindowsVistaUltimateEdition
WindowsServer2008x64EditionSP1
WindowsServer2003x64EditionSP1
WindowsServer2003x64EditionR2
WindowsXPProfessionalx64Edition
AWebbrowserisrequiredfortheHelpsystem.
MandrivaLinux2006and2007
MandrivaCorporateDesktop4.0
MandrivaCorporateServer4.0
MandrakeLinux10.1
MandrakeLinux9.0stock2.4.19
RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.0
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS4.5(formerlycalled4.0Update5)
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAS4.0,updates1,2,3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxES4.0,updates1,2,3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS4.0,updates1,2,3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAS3.0,updates1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxES3.0,updates1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS3.0,updates1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
VMware, Inc.
35
RedHatEnterpriseLinux2.1stock2.4.9e3
RedHatLinux9.0stock2.4.208,upgrade2.4.2020.9
RedHatLinux8.0stock2.4.18
RedHatLinux7.3stock2.4.18
RedHatLinux7.2stock2.4.710,upgrade2.4.97,upgrade2.4.913,upgrade
2.4.921,upgrade2.4.931
RedHatLinux7.1stock2.4.22,upgrade2.4.312
RedHatLinux7.0stock2.2.1622,upgrade2.2.1714
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10SP1
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9SP4
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9,9SP1,9SP2,9SP3
(Listedversionsarealsosupportedwithnoservicepack.)
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer8,stock2.4.19
openSUSE10.3
openSUSE10.2(formerlyknownasSUSELinux10.2)
SUSELinux10.1
SUSELinux10
SUSELinux9.3
SUSELinux9.2,SP1)
SUSELinux9.1stock2.6.452
SUSELinux9.0stock2.4.2199
SUSELinux8.2stock2.4.20
UbuntuLinux7.04
UbuntuLinux6.10
UbuntuLinux6.06
UbuntuLinux5.10
UbuntuLinux5.04
AWebbrowserisrequiredfortheHelpsystem.
36
VMware, Inc.
MandrivaLinux2006and2007
MandrivaCorporateDesktop4.0
MandrivaCorporateServer4.0
Important:On64bitMandrivahosts,some32bitcompatibilitylibrariesare
required.Specifically,32bitglibc,X11,andlibXtst.soarerequired.
RedHatEnterpriseLinux5.0
RedHatEnterpriseLinux4.5(formerlycalled4.0Update5)
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAS4.0,updates3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxES4.0,updates3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS4.0,updates3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAS3.0,stock2.4.21,updates2.4.2115,6,7,8
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxES3.0,stock2.4.21,updates2.4.2115,6,7,8
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS3.0,stock2.4.21,updates2.4.2115,6,7,8
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10SP1
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9SP4
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer9,SP1,SP2,SP3
(Listedversionsarealsosupportedwithnoservicepack.)
openSUSE10.3
openSUSE10.2(formerlyknownasSUSELinux10.2)
SUSELinux10.1
SUSELinux10
SUSELinux9.3
SUSELinux9.2,SP1
SUSELinux9.1stock2.6.452
VMware, Inc.
37
UbuntuLinux7.04
UbuntuLinux6.10
UbuntuLinux6.06
UbuntuLinux5.10
UbuntuLinux5.04
Important:On64bitUbuntu6.xhosts,some32bitcompatibilitylibrariesare
required.Specifically,32bitglibcandX11arerequired.
SeetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuideforversiondetailsaboutthese
operatingsystems.AWebbrowserisrequiredfortheHelpsystem.
Processor
Sameprocessorasthatonhostcomputer.
Onevirtualprocessoronahostwithoneormorelogicalprocessors.
Twovirtualprocessors(twowayvirtualsymmetricmultiprocessing,or
Virtual SMP)onahostwithatleasttwologicalprocessors.
Thefollowingareallconsideredtohavetwologicalprocessors:
AmultiprocessorhostwithtwoormorephysicalCPUs
AsingleprocessorhostwithamulticoreCPU
Asingleprocessorhostwithhyperthreadingenabled
SeeUsingTwoWayVirtualSymmetricMultiprocessing(Experimental)on
page 367.
Chip Set
Intel440BXbasedmotherboard
NS338SIO
82093AAIOAPIC
BIOS
PhoenixBIOS4.0Release6withVESABIOS
38
VMware, Inc.
Memory
Upto8GB,dependingonhostmemory.
Nomaximumlimitforthetotalavailableforallvirtualmachines.
Graphics
VGAandSVGAsupport
IDE Drives
Uptofourdevicesdisks,CDROMorDVDROM(DVDdrivescanbeusedto
readdataDVDROMdiscs;DVDvideoisnotsupported).
Harddiskscanbevirtualdisksorphysicaldisks.
IDEvirtualdisksupto950GB.
CDROMcanbeaphysicaldeviceoranISOimagefile.
SCSI Devices
Upto60devices.
SCSIvirtualdisksupto950GB.
Harddiskscanbevirtualdisksorphysicaldisks.
GenericSCSIsupportallowsdevicestobeusedwithoutneedfordriversinthe
hostoperatingsystem.Workswithscanners,CDROM,DVDROM,tapedrives
andotherSCSIdevices.
LSILogicLSI53C10xxUltra320SCSII/Ocontroller.
Mylex(BusLogic)BT958compatiblehostbusadapter(requiresaddondriver
fromVMwareforWindowsXPandWindowsServer2003).
Floppy Drives
Uptotwo1.44MBfloppydevices.
Physicaldrivesorfloppyimagefiles.
VMware, Inc.
39
Uptofourserial(COM)ports.
Outputtoserialports,WindowsorLinuxfiles,ornamedpipes.
Uptothreebidirectionalparallel(LPT)ports.
Outputtoparallelportsorhostoperatingsystemfiles.
USB ports
USB1.1UHCIcontroller,witha(transparent)virtualhubsothatmorethantwo
devicescanbeconnected.
USB2.0EHCIcontrollerthatsupportsuptosixdevices.(Youneedusethevirtual
machinesettingseditortoenableUSB2.0support.SeeEnablingandDisablingthe
USB2.0Controlleronpage 354.)
Supportsmostdevices,includingUSBprinters,scanners,PDAs,harddiskdrives,
memorycardreadersanddigitalcameras,aswellasstreamingdevicessuchas
webcams,speakers,andmicrophones.
Keyboard
104keyWindows95/98enhanced
PS/2mouse
Serialtabletssupported
Ethernet Card
40
Upto10virtualEthernetcards.
AMDPCnetPCIIIcompatible.
For64bitguests:IntelPro/1000MTServerAdaptercompatible.
VMware, Inc.
Sound
Soundoutputandinput.
EmulatesCreativeLabsSoundBlasterAudioPCI.(MIDIinput,gamecontrollers
andjoysticksarenotsupported,exceptforUSBdevices.)
Virtual Networking
Supportfor10virtualEthernetswitchesonMicrosoftWindowshostoperating
systems.Supportfor100virtualEthernetswitchesonLinuxhosts.Threeswitches
areconfiguredbydefaultforbridged,hostonly,andNATnetworking.
SupportformostEthernetbasedprotocols,includingTCP/IP,NetBEUI,Microsoft
Networking,Samba,NovellNetware,andNetworkFileSystem.
BuiltinNATsupportsclientsoftwareusingTCP/IP,FTP,DNS,HTTP,andTelnet,
includingVPNsupportforPPTPoverNAT.
VMware, Inc.
41
WindowsVista(3Deffectsnotyetsupported)
WindowsServer2008
WindowsServer2003,SmallBusinessServer2003
WindowsServer2003WebEdition
WindowsXPProfessionalandHomeEdition
Windows2000Professional
Windows2000Server
Windows2000AdvancedServer
WindowsNTWorkstationandServer4.0
WindowsNT4.0TerminalServerEdition
WindowsMe
Windows98
Windows95
WindowsforWorkgroups
Windows3.1
SeetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuideforservicepackandversion
detailsabouttheseoperatingsystems.
WindowsVistax64Edition(3Deffectsnotyetsupported)
WindowsServer2008x64Edition
WindowsServer2003x64Edition
WindowsXPProfessionalx64
SeetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuideforservicepackandversion
detailsabouttheseoperatingsystems,athttp://pubs.vmware.com/guestnotes/.
Microsoft MS-DOS
MSDOS
42
VMware, Inc.
Linux 32-Bit
MandrivaLinux2006and2007
MandrakeLinux
RedHatLinux
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAdvancedServer,EnterpriseServer,andWorkstation
SUSELinux
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer
openSUSELinux
TurbolinuxServer,EnterpriseServer,Workstation,Desktop
NovellLinuxDesktop
SunJavaDesktopSystem(JDS)
UbuntuLinux
Turbolinux10Server
SeetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuideforversiondetailsaboutthese
operatingsystems,athttp://pubs.vmware.com/guestnotes/.
Linux 64-Bit
MandrivaLinux2006and2007
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAdvancedServer,EnterpriseServer,andWorkstation
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer
SUSELinux
openSUSELinux
UbuntuLinux
Turbolinux10Server
SeetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuideforversiondetailsaboutthese
operatingsystems,athttp://pubs.vmware.com/guestnotes/.
VMware, Inc.
43
FreeBSD 32-Bit
FreeBSD32bit
IfyouuseSCSIvirtualdiskslargerthan2GBwithFreeBSD4.04.3,theguestoperating
systemdoesnotboot.Toworkaroundthisissue,seetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystem
InstallationGuide,athttp://pubs.vmware.com/guestnotes/.
FreeBSD 64-Bit
FreeBSD64bit
SeetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuideforversiondetailsaboutthis
operatingsystem,athttp://pubs.vmware.com/guestnotes/.
44
VMware, Inc.
AMDAthlon64,revisionDorlater
AMDOpteron,revisionEorlater
AMDTurion64,revisionEorlater
AMDSempron,64bitcapablerevisionDorlater
IntelEM64TVTcapableprocessors
Workstationsupportsvirtualmachineswith64bitguestoperatingsystemsonlyon
hostmachinesthathaveoneofthesupported64bitprocessors.Whenyoupowerona
virtualmachinewitha64bitguestoperatingsystem,Workstationperformsaninternal
check:ifthehostCPUisnotasupported64bitprocessor,youcannotpoweronthe
virtualmachine.
VMwarealsoprovidesastandaloneutilitythatyoucanusewithoutWorkstationto
performthesamecheckanddeterminewhetheryourCPUissupportedfor
Workstationvirtualmachineswith64bitguestoperatingsystems.Youcandownload
the64bitprocessorcheckutilityfromwww.vmware.com/download.
Workstationsupportsvirtualmachineswith64bitguestoperatingsystemsonlyin
versions5.5andlater.IfyourversionofWorkstationis5.0orearlier,upgradetoversion
6.0orlaterfor64bitguestoperatingsystemsupport.Avirtualmachinecreatedin
Workstationversion5.5witha64bitoperatingsystemcannotbepoweredonor
resumedinWorkstationversions5.0andearlier.
VMware, Inc.
45
46
VMware, Inc.
Installing VMware
Workstation
ThischapterdiscusseshowtoinstallWorkstationonyourLinuxorWindowshost
system.Thischaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:
InstallationPrerequisitesonpage 47
InstallingWorkstationonaWindowsHostonpage 48
InstallingWorkstationonaLinuxHostonpage 53
WheretoGoNextonpage 56
Ifyouareupgradingratherthanperformingafreshinstallation,seeChapter 3,
UpgradingVMwareWorkstation,onpage 57.
Installation Prerequisites
InstallingVMwareWorkstationisusuallyasimpleprocessofrunningastandard
installationwizard.Thissectionoutlinesthetasksyouneedtoperformbeforestarting
aninstallation,anditcontainsanimportantnoteaboutthecompatibilityofhaving
multipleVMwareproductsinstalledonthesamecomputerasWorkstation.
Beforeyoubegininstallation,besureyouhave:
CompatiblehostVerifythatthecomputerandhostoperatingsystemmeetthe
systemrequirementsforrunningWorkstation,asdescribedinHostSystem
Requirementsonpage 32.
WorkstationinstallationsoftwareIfyouboughtthepackageddistributionof
Workstation,theinstallationsoftwareisontheCDinyourpackage.Ifyoubought
theelectronicdistribution,theinstallationsoftwareisinthefileyoudownloaded.
VMwareWorkstationisavailableforbothWindowsandLinuxhostcomputers.
TheinstallationfilesforbothhostplatformsareincludedonthesameCDROM.
VMware, Inc.
47
WorkstationserialnumberYourserialnumberisontheregistrationcardinyour
package.IfyoupurchasedWorkstationonline,theserialnumberissentbyemail.
YourserialnumberallowsyoutouseWorkstationonlyonthehostoperating
systemforwhichyoulicensedthesoftware.Forexample,ifyouhaveaserial
numberforaWindowshost,youcannotrunthesoftwareonaLinuxhost.Make
sureyouentertheserialnumberforthecorrectoperatingsystem.
TouseWorkstationonadifferenthostoperatingsystem,purchasealicenseonthe
VMwareWebsite.Youcanalsogetanevaluationlicenseatnochargefora30day
evaluationofthesoftware.Formoreinformation,goto
www.vmware.com/download/.
AguestoperatingsystemAfterWorkstationisinstalled,youwillneedthe
operatingsysteminstallationCDsorOSimagestosetupyourguest.
InstallingWorkstationonaWindowsHostonpage 48
InstallingWorkstationonaLinuxHostonpage 53
48
VMware, Inc.
LogintoyourMicrosoftWindowshostastheAdministratoruserorasauserwho
isamemberoftheWindowsAdministratorsgroup.
Loginaslocaladministrator(thatis,donotlogontothedomain,unlessyour
domainaccountisalsoalocaladministrator).
AlthoughanadministratormustinstallWorkstation,anormaluserwithout
administrativeprivilegescanruntheprogramafteritisinstalled.
NOTEYouneedonelicenseforeachuser.
FromtheStartmenu,chooseRun,andspecifythepathtoeithertheCDROM
driveorthedownloadedinstallerfile:
IfyouareinstallingfromaCD,enterD:\setup.exe,whereD:isthedrive
letterforyourCDROMdrive.
Ifyouareinstallingfromadownloadedfile,browsetothedirectorywhere
yousavedthedownloadedinstallerfile,andruntheinstaller.(Thefilenameis
similartoVMware-workstation-<xxxx-xxxx>.exe,where<xxxx-xxxx>is
aseriesofnumbersrepresentingtheversionandbuildnumbers.)
OnWindowsVista,whentheUserAccountControldialogboxappears,
promptingyouforpermissiontoruntheinstaller,clickContinue.
NOTEIfyouhaveanearlierversionofWorkstationinstalledonyoursystem,the
installerremovesthatversionbeforeinstallingthenewversion.Afterthe
uninstallationiscomplete,youmightbepromptedtorestartyourcomputerbefore
theinstallercaninstallthenewversion.
3
Whenthewizardopensandfinishescomputingspacerequirements,clickNextto
dismisstheWelcomepage.
OntheSetupTypepage,selectTypicalunlessyoudonotwanttoinstallthe
applicableWorkstationIDEplugins,orifyouhaveEclipseinstalledina
nonstandardlocation:
VMware, Inc.
IfyouhaveVisualStudio2005orEclipseinstalled,theinstallerinstallsan
integratedvirtualdebugger(IDEplugin).Ifyoudontwantaplugin
installed,selecttheCustomsetup,andselectnottoinstallthatcomponent.
IfyouhaveEclipseinstalledinadifferentdirectorythanC:\Eclipseor
C:\Program Files\Eclipseandyouwanttoinstalltheintegratedvirtual
debuggerforit,selecttheCustomsetup,andselecttoinstallthatcomponent.
49
NOTEIfyoudonothaveEclipseorVisualStudioinstalled,thepluginswillnot
beinstalled.Ifyouinstalloneorbothoftheseprogramsafteryouinstall
Workstation,runtheWorkstationinstalleragainandselecttheModifyoptionto
installthepluginsatthattime.
Also,donotattempttoinstalltheEclipseVirtualDebuggeron64bitWindows
hosts.
IfyouselectCustom,youcanusetheSpacebuttontofindouthowmuchdisk
spaceisrequiredforeachcomponentoftheinstallation.ClicktheHelpbuttonfor
adescriptionofwhateachtypeoficoninthelistmeans.
5
OntheDestinationFolderpage(fortypicalsetups)ortheCustomSetuppage(for
customsetups),ifyoudonotwantWorkstationinstalledinthedirectorythatis
shown,clickChangeandspecifythedirectoryyouwant.
Ifyouspecifyadirectorythatdoesnotexist,theinstallercreatesitforyou.
CAUTIONDonotinstallVMwareWorkstationonanetworkdrive.
ClickNext.
WindowsandtheMicrosoftInstallerlimitthelengthofapathtoafolderonalocal
driveto255characters.Forapathtoafolderonamappedorshareddrive,thelimit
is240characters.Ifthepathexceedsthislimit,anerrormessageappears.Youmust
selectorenterashorterpath.
OntheConfigureShortcutspage,deselectanyshortcutsyoudonotwantthe
installertocreate.
OntheReadytoInstalltheProgrampage,eitherclickInstallorclickBacktomake
changes.
(Optional)AfteryouclickInstall,ontheRegistrationInformationpage,enteryour
name,companyname,andserialnumberandclickNext.
Yourserialnumberiseitherontheregistrationcardinyourpackageorinanemail
fromVMwareifyoupurchasedWorkstationonline.Theuserandcompany
informationyouenterhereisthenmadeavailableintheAboutbox(Help>About
VMwareWorkstation).
Ifyouskipthisstep,youmustenteryourserialnumberlater,beforeyoucanpower
onavirtualmachine.
10
50
WhenthewizarddisplaystheInstallationWizardCompletedpage,clickFinish.
VMware, Inc.
Someinstallationsmightrequirethatyourebootyourcomputer.Whenyourestart,you
dontneedtologinasauserwithAdministratorprivileges.
SilentlyextracttheadministrativeinstallationimagefromtheVMware
Workstationinstaller:
setup.exe /a /s /v"/qn TARGETDIR=<InstallTempPath>"
setup.exeisthenameoftheinstallerontheCDdistribution.Ifyouareusinga
downloadedinstaller,thefilenameissimilarto
VMwareWorkstation-<xxxx>.exe,where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbers
representingtheversionandbuildnumbers.
<InstallTempPath>isthefullpathtothefolderwhereyouwanttostorethe
administrativeinstallationimage.
2
Runasilentinstallationusingmsiexecandtheadministrativeinstallationimage
youextractedinthepreviousstep:
msiexec -i "<InstallTempPath>\VMware Workstation.msi"
[INSTALLDIR="<PathToProgramDirectory>"] ADDLOCAL=ALL
[REMOVE=<featurename,featurename>] /qn
Enterthecommandononeline.ToinstallWorkstationinalocationotherthanthe
default,changethepaththatfollowsINSTALLDIR=tospecifythelocation.
UsetheoptionalREMOVE=<property>toskipinstallationofcertainfeatures.The
REMOVE=<property>settingcantakeoneormoreofthevalueslistedinTable 21.
VMware, Inc.
51
Description
Authd
VMwareauthorizationservice,whichisusedtoperformtaskswhenyouare
notrunningWorkstationasanAdministrator.
Network
Networkingcomponentsincludingthevirtualbridgeandthehostadapters
forhostonlynetworkingandNATnetworking.Donotremovethis
componentifyouwanttouseNATorDHCP.
DHCP
VirtualDHCPserver.
NAT
VirtualNATdevice.
Ifyouspecifymorethanonevalue,useacommatoseparatethevalues.For
example,REMOVE=Authd,NAT.
NOTEIfyouspecifyREMOVE=Network,theinstallerskipsinstallationofcertain
networkingcomponents,includingNATandDHCP.Thereisnoneedtospecify
DHCPorNATseparately.
Youcancustomizetheinstallationfurtherbyaddinganyofthefollowing
installationpropertiestothecommandusingtheformat<property>="<value>".
Avalueof1meanstrue.Avalueof0meansfalse.Ifyouusetheserialnumber
property,entertheserialnumberwithhyphens(xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx).
Default
DESKTOP_SHORTCUT
Installsashortcutonthedesktop.
DISABLE_AUTORUN
DisablesCDautorunonthehost.
REMOVE_LICENSE
(Uninstallonly)Removesallstoredlicensesat
uninstall.
SERIALNUMBER
Enterstheserialnumber.
52
VMware, Inc.
Ifyouhaveaprevioustarinstallation,deletethepreviousvmware-distrib
directorybeforeinstallingfromatarfileagain.Thelocationofthisdirectory
dependsonwhereyouplaceditwhenyoudidthepreviousinstallation.Oftenitis
placedin:
/tmp/vmware-distrib
TherealtimeclockfunctionmustbecompiledintoyourLinuxkernel.
WorkstationforLinuxrequiresthattheparallelportPCstylehardwareoption
(CONFIG_PARPORT_PC)bebuiltandloadedasakernelmodule(thatis,itmust
besettomwhenthekerneliscompiled).
TousetheWorkstationHelpsystem,youmusthaveaWebbrowserinstalledon
yourhostcomputer.
NOTEThefollowingproceduredescribesaninstallationfromaCDROMdisc.If
youdownloadedthesoftware,thestepsarethesame,exceptthatyoustartfrom
thedirectorywhereyousavedtheinstallerfileyoudownloaded,notfromthe
LinuxdirectoryontheCD.
LogontoyourLinuxhostwiththeusernameyouplantousewhenrunning
Workstation.
Inaterminalwindow,usethefollowingcommandtobecomerootsoyoucan
performtheinitialinstallationsteps:
su -
MounttheWorkstationCDROM.
Changetothe LinuxdirectoryontheCD.
Continueinstallationwiththeappropriatesectionforyourdesiredinstaller:
VMware, Inc.
UsingthetarInstalleronpage 54
UsingtheRPMInstalleronpage 54
53
UsingthetarInstaller
Youcanskipthestepsforcopyingandunpackingthearchiveandinstalldirectly
fromthe vmware-distrib directoryontheCD:
a
Copythetararchivetoatemporarydirectoryonyourharddrive(forexample,
/tmp):
cp VMware-<xxxx>.tar.gz /tmp
Changetothistemporarydirectory:
cd /tmp
Unpackthearchive:
tar zxpf VMware-<xxxx>.tar.gz
Changetotheinstallationdirectory:
cd vmware-distrib
Runtheinstallationprogram:
./vmware-install.pl
Acceptthedefaultdirectoriesforthebinaryfiles,libraryfiles,manualfiles,
documentationfiles,andinitscript.
EnterYeswhenpromptedtorunvmware-config.pl.
Respondtotheprompts,asdescribedinRunningvmwareconfig.plon
page 55.
UsingtheRPMInstaller
a
RunRPMspecifyingtheinstallationfile:
rpm -Uhv VMware-<xxxx>.rpm
VMware-<xxxx>.rpm istheinstallationfileontheCD.Inplaceof<xxxx>the
filenamecontainsnumbersthatcorrespondtotheversionandbuild.
b
Runtheconfigurationprogram:
vmware-config.pl
Respondtotheprompts,asdescribedinRunningvmwareconfig.plon
page 55.
VMware, Inc.
NOTEIfyouruntheRPMinstaller,youneedtorunthisprogramseparatelyfromthe
commandline.Ifyouinstallfromthetararchive,theinstallerofferstolaunchthe
configurationprogramforyou.AnswerYeswhenyouseetheprompt.
WhenyouinstallVMwareWorkstationthefirsttime.
WhenyouupgradeyourversionofWorkstation.
Whenyouupgradeyourhostoperatingsystemkernel.(Itisnotnecessaryto
reinstallWorkstationafteryouupgradeyourkernel.)
ToreconfigurethenetworkingoptionsforWorkstationforexample,toaddor
removehostonlynetworking.
Location of vmware-config.pl
Theinstallerplacesvmware-config.plin/usr/bin.If/usr/binisnotinyour
defaultpath,runtheprogramwiththefollowingcommand:
/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl
Running vmware-config.pl
Afteryouruntheinstallertoperformafreshinstallationoranupgrade,youneedto
runvmware-config.pl.Ifyouhavenotalreadydoneso,openaterminalwindowand
becomerootbeforeperformingthefollowingprocedure.
To use vmware-config.pl
1
Usethefollowingcommandtostarttheprogramifnecessary:
vmware-config.pl
Respondtotheprompts.Inmostcases,thedefaultresponseisappropriate.
Takethefollowingconsiderationsintoaccount:
IfyouhaveEclipseinstalledandwanttoinstallWorkstationsIntegrated
VirtualDebuggerforEclipse,enterYes,whenprompted.(ThedefaultisNo.)
IfyouwanttoinstalltheIntegratedVirtualDebuggerforEclipse,whenyou
arepromptedtoinstalltheVIXAPIandacceptitslicenseagreement,doso.
ThedebuggercannotrunwithouttheVIXAPI.
Iftheconfigurationprogramdoesnotdisplayamessagesayingtheconfiguration
completedsuccessfully,runtheconfigurationprogramagain.
VMware, Inc.
55
Whendone,exitfromtherootaccount:
exit
Thefirsttimeyouattempttopoweronavirtualmachine,youarepromptedtoenter
theWorkstation6serialnumber.
Where<xxxx>isaseriesofnumbersrepresentingtheversionandbuild.Ifyouhave
Workstationproperlyinstalled,youcanfindtheWorkstationbuildnumberbyrunning:
rpm -qa | grep VM
Where to Go Next
AfterWorkstationisinstalled,youwill:
1
Createavirtualmachine.
SeeChapter 5,CreatingaNewVirtualMachine,onpage 89.
Installaguestoperatingsysteminthenewvirtualmachine.
SeeInstallingaGuestOperatingSystemonpage 97ortheVMwareGuest
OperatingSystemInstallationGuide,availablefromtheHelpmenu.
InstalltheVMwareToolspackageinthevirtualmachine.
SeeChapter 6,InstallingandUsingVMwareTools,onpage 113.
Startusingthevirtualmachine.
SeeChapter 4,LearningWorkstationBasics,onpage 65andChapter 7,
RunningaVirtualMachine,onpage 149.
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Upgrading VMware
Workstation
ThischapterdiscusseshowtoupgradeVMwareWorkstation4or5onyourLinuxor
Windowshostsystem,andhowtouseexistingvirtualmachinesunderWorkstation 6.
Thischaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:
PreparingfortheUpgradeonpage 57
UpgradingonaWindowsHostonpage 59
UpgradingonaLinuxHostonpage 60
UsingWorkstation4or5VirtualMachinesinWorkstation 6onpage 61
DirectupgradesfromaWorkstation3virtualmachinearenotsupportedin
Workstation6.
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ShutdownvirtualmachinescompletelybeforeyouremovetheversionofWorkstation
thatyouusedtocreatethem.Ifavirtualmachineissuspended,resumeit,shutdown
theguestoperatingsystem,andpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
NOTEIfyouattempttoresumeavirtualmachinethatwassuspendedunderadifferent
VMwareproductoradifferentversionofWorkstation,adialogboxgivesyouthe
choiceofdiscardingorkeepingthefilethatstoresthesuspendedstate.Torecoverthe
suspendedstate,clickKeep,andresumethevirtualmachineunderthecorrectVMware
productorversion.IfyouclickDiscard,youcanpoweronnormally,butthesuspended
stateislost.
InstallingWorkstationonaWindowsHostonpage 48
InstallingWorkstationonaLinuxHostonpage 53
NOTEIfyouhaveWorkstationversion2or3virtualmachinesthatyouwanttouse
withWorkstation6,upgradethevirtualmachinestoatleastWorkstationversion4
beforeyouinstallWorkstation6.
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LogintoyourMicrosoftWindowshostastheAdministratoruserorasauserwho
isamemberoftheWindowsAdministratorsgroup.
LaunchtheWorkstation6installerfromyourdownloaddirectoryorCDROM.
Workstationautomaticallyuninstallsthepreviousversion.
Rebootyourcomputerifyouarepromptedtodoso,andloginagainasthe
AdministratoruserorasauserwhoisamemberoftheWindowsAdministrators
group.
Completetheinstallationwizard.
Fordetailedinstructionsonrunningtheinstaller,seeInstallingWorkstationona
WindowsHostonpage 48.
Rebootyourcomputerifyouarepromptedtodoso.
Youcannowloginasyounormallydo.Youdonotneedtologinasan
AdministratornowthatWorkstationisinstalled.
to
C:\Users\<user>\Documents\My Virtual Machines
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Aftertheupgradeiscomplete,theFavoriteslistinWorkstationshouldworkcorrectly.
LoginastheAdministratoruserorasauserwhoisamemberoftheWindows
Administratorsgroup.
MakesurethatWorkstationisnotrunningandthatnovirtualmachinesare
runninginthebackground.
UpgradethehostoperatingsystemtoWindowsVista,asdescribedinthe
Microsoftdocumentation.
StartWorkstationandpoweronavirtualmachine.
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IfyouusedthetarinstallertoinstallWorkstationversion4or5andyouplantousethe
tarinstallerforversion6,youdonotneedtouninstalltheolderversion.
Similarly,ifyouusedtheRMPinstallertoinstallversion4or5andyouplantousethe
RMPinstallerforversion6,youdonotneedtouninstalltheolderversion.
Ifyouusedatarinstallertoinstallversion4or5,andyouwanttousetheRPMinstaller
forversion6,orthereverse,youdonotneedtouninstalltheolderversion.
UsinganOlderVersionVirtualMachineWithoutUpgradingonpage 61
ChangingtheVersionoftheVirtualMachineonpage 61
AvirtualmachinecreatedinWorkstation4.xiscompatiblewithGSXServer3.x,
ESXServer2.x,andACE1.0.
AvirtualmachinecreatedinWorkstation5.xiscompatiblewithVMwareServer
1.x,ESXServer3.x,andVMwarePlayer1.x.
YoucanrunthesevirtualmachinesinWorkstation6,butyouwillnothavethebenefits
ofthenewfeaturesofWorkstation6.
FormoreinformationaboutcompatibilitybetweenVMwareproducts,refertothe
VMwareVirtualMachineMobilityPlanningGuide.
Ifyoudecidenottoupgradeavirtualmachine,youstillneedtoupgradeVMwareTools
tothenewversion.Followtheinstructionsforyourguestoperatingsystemin
InstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 115.Donotremovetheolder
versionofVMwareToolsbeforeinstallingthenewversion.
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If,however,youcreatedWorkstation6virtualmachinesbutyounowwanttodeploy
thosevirtualmachinestorunonadifferentVMwareproduct,youmightneedto
downgradetoaversionthatiscompatiblewiththatproduct.
TheChangeVersionwizardenablesyoutodoeitherofthesetasks.
UsingWorkstation6,youhavethefollowingupgradeanddowngradechoices:
UpgradeaWorkstation4virtualmachinetoeitherversion5orversion6.
UpgradeaWorkstation5virtualmachinetoversion6ordowngradeittoversion4.
DowngradeaWorkstation6virtualmachinetoeitherversion4orversion5.
TheChangeVersionwizardalsohelpsyoudeterminewhichvirtualhardwareversion
touse.
Considerthefollowingwhenchangingthevirtualhardwareversionofavirtual
machine:
Thewizardletsyoueitherchangetheversionoftheoriginalvirtualmachineor
createafullclone,sothattheoriginalremainsunaltered.
IfyouupgradeaWorkstation4or5virtualmachinethatiscompatiblewithESX
ServertoWorkstation6,youwillnotbeabletolaterdowngradeitagaintoan
ESXcompatiblevirtualmachinebyusingtheChangeVersionwizard.
OnWindowshosts,youcan,howeverusetheConverterImportwizard
(File>Import)toperformsuchadowngrade.
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Ifyouareupgradingavirtualmachinethatrunsfromaphysicaldisk,youmight
seethefollowingerrormessagewhileWorkstationisupgradingthevirtual
machine:Unabletoupgrade<drivename>.Oneofthesuppliedparametersis
invalid.ClickOKtocontinuetheupgradeprocess.
WhenyouupgradeaWindowsXP,WindowsServer2003,orWindowsVista
virtualmachine,theMicrosoftproductactivationfeaturemightrequireyouto
reactivatetheguestoperatingsystem.
Makebackupcopiesofyourvirtualdisksbeforestartingtheupgradeor
downgrade.
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Intheguestoperatingsystem,makeanoteoftheNICsettings.
Specifically,ifyouhavespecifiedastaticIPaddressforthisvirtualmachine,after
theupgrade,thatsettingcouldgetchangedtoautomaticassignmentbyDHCP.
TochecktheNICsettings,usethemethodappropriateforyouroperatingsystem.
Forexample,onWindowsXP,youcanusetheControlPanelsNetwork
ConnectionsitemtofindinformationabouttheTCP/IPaddressforthevirtual
machine.
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsystemandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
Selectthevirtualmachineand,fromtheWorkstationmenubar,choose
VM>Upgrade or Change Version.
CompletethepagesoftheChangeVersionwizard.
Whenyouselectahardwarecompatibilityversion,youseealistoftheVMware
productsthatarecompatiblewiththatversion.IfyouselectWorkstation4or5,you
alsoseealistofWorkstation6featuresthatarenotsupportedforthatversion.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
Intheguestoperatingsystem,checktheNICsettingsandadjustthemifthey
changed,asdescribedinStep 1.
IfthevirtualmachinedoesnothavethelatestversionofVMwareToolsinstalled,
upgradeVMwareTools.
Evenif,forexample,youupgradedaversion4virtualmachinetoversion5rather
thanversion6,youshouldstillupgradeVMwareToolstotheversionofTools
includedwithWorkstation6.RefertoInstallingandUpgradingVMwareTools
onpage 115.DonotremovetheolderversionofVMwareToolsbeforeinstalling
thenewversion.
NOTEIfyouareupgradingavirtualmachinethatrunsfromaphysicaldisk,you
cansafelyignorethemessage:Unabletoupgrade<drivename>.Oneofthe
suppliedparametersisinvalid.ClickOKtocontinuetheupgrade.
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Learning Workstation
Basics
ThischapterdiscusseslaunchingtheWorkstationprogramandintroducestheVMware
Workstationwindow.Thischaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:
StartingWorkstationonpage 66
OverviewoftheWorkstationWindowonpage 66
CheckingforProductUpdatesonpage 78
IntroductiontoCreatingaVirtualMachineonpage 79
IntroductiontoWorkstationPreferencesonpage 81
IntroductiontoVirtualMachineSettingsonpage 83
ClosingVirtualMachinesandExitingWorkstationonpage 86
KeyboardShortcutsonpage 87
TheillustrationsinthesesectionsshowaWindowsXPguestoperatingsystem.
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Starting Workstation
ThemethodofstartingtheWorkstationapplicationdependsonyourhostoperating
system.
To start Workstation on a Windows host
1
FromtheStartmenu,chooseStart>Programs>VMware>VMwareWorkstation,or
doubleclicktheshortcutonyourdesktop.
IfthisisthefirsttimeyouhavelaunchedWorkstation,readandaccepttheenduser
licenseagreement(EULA).
TheVMwareWorkstationwindowopens.
Openaterminalwindow.
Typevmware &andpressEnter.
Bydefault,theinstallerplacesthefilein/usr/bin.If/usr/binisnotinyour
defaultpath,runtheprogramwiththefollowingcommand:
/usr/bin/vmware &
NOTEOnLinuxhosts,theWorkstationinstalleraddsanentrytotheStartmenu
forVMwareWorkstation.Thismenuentryislocatedindifferentsubmenus,
dependingonyourLinuxdistribution.Forexample:
SUSELinux9.1:Start>System>MorePrograms>VMwareWorkstation
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAS/WSRelease3:Start>SystemTools>MoreSystem
Tools>VMwareWorkstation
3
Readandaccepttheenduserlicenseagreement(EULA).
TheWorkstationwindowopens.
VMware, Inc.
machinesandteamsofvirtualmachines.Youcanalsoswitcheasilyfromoneto
another.
ThissectionshowsyouhowtonavigateandusetheVMwareWorkstationwindow,and
howtosetupalistoffavorites.Favoritesarevirtualmachinesandteamsthatyouuse
oftenandwanttoaccessquickly.
Figure 4-1. VMware Workstation Window
menus
toolbar
tabs
,
sidebar
status
bar
home page,
summary, or
console
view
message
log
TheVMwareWorkstationwindowcontainsthefollowingsections:
Homepage,summary,console,orapplianceviewThismainpartofthewindow
showsyourvirtualmachines.
TabsEachopenvirtualmachinehasitsowntab.Clickatabtomakethatvirtual
machineactive.ClicktheXtoclosethetab.Dependingonhowyouconfigure
Workstation,thevirtualmachineistheneitherpoweredofforcontinuestorunin
thebackground.
SidebarBookmarkyourfavoritevirtualmachinesandteamsofvirtualmachines
forquickaccess.Youcanalsoseewhichvirtualmachinesarepoweredon.
Rightclickcontextmenusenableyoutoperformmanyoperationsonaselected
virtualmachine.
IfyouhaveWorkstationACEEdition,anadditionalsectionofthesidebardisplays
ACEManagementServers.Foradescriptionofthisproduct,seeUpgradePathto
WorkstationACEEditiononpage 22.
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StatusbarThisareadisplaysWorkstationmessagesandaniconforeach
removabledevice.Youcanrightclickanicontodisconnectitoreditits
configuration.
MessagelogAnoteiconthatindicateswhetheranyunreadmessagesare
presentinthemessagelogfortheselectedvirtualmachine.Iftheiconisdimmed,
allmessageshavebeenread.Toopenthemessagelog,eitherdoubleclicktheicon
orrightclickitandchooseOpenMessageLog.Alternatively,fromthemenubar,
chooseVM>MessageLog.
Messagesincludewarninginformationaboutthevirtualmachine,suchasCould
notconnecttothefloppydriveorNobootabledevicewasdetected.Selectan
iteminthemessagelogtoseealongerdescriptionofthemessage.
Home Page
ClicktheHometabtodisplaytheWorkstationhomepage.Usetheiconsonthehome
pagetostartcreatinganewvirtualmachineoropenanexistingvirtualmachine.
Toclosethehomepage,clicktheXtotherightofthetabsonaWindowshostortheX
onthetabonaLinuxhost.Todisplaythehomepageagain,chooseView>GotoHome
Tab.
Summary View
Whenyouselectatabforapoweredoffvirtualmachineorteamofmachines,
Workstationdisplaysasummaryoftheconfigurationinformationaboutthatitem.
Workstationalsodisplaysasummaryforasuspendedvirtualmachineorteam.Click
theSummarytoolbarbuttonatanytimetoexaminesettingsinthesummaryview.
NOTESummarytabsappearonlyforvirtualmachinesthatarecurrentlyopen.Toopen
avirtualmachinethatisnotdisplayed,chooseFile>Open>Virtual Machine,navigate
tothevirtualmachines.vmxfile,andselectOpen.Thesummaryorconsoletab
remainsvisibleaslongasthevirtualmachineremainsopen.
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Figure 42showsanexampleofthesummaryviewforWorkstation.Thesummary
viewforWorkstationACEEditionincludesadditionalsectionsforpolicies,package
settingsandhistory,andotherACEspecificfunctionality.Formoreinformation,see
theVMwareACEAdministratorsManual.
Figure 4-2. Summary View for a Virtual Machine (Windows Host)
Summary View button
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Console View
Theconsoleviewforanactivevirtualmachineislikethemonitordisplayofaphysical
computer.
Figure 4-3. Console View (Windows Host)
Console View button
Whenavirtualmachineisactive,thenameofthevirtualmachineorteamofvirtual
machinesisdisplayedinatabatthetopoftheconsole.Toswitchfromtheactivevirtual
machineorteam,clickthetabofanothervirtualmachineorteam.Youcanusethe
consoletabsinthewindowedmodeandalsointhequickswitchmode.
Appliance View
Ifyousetupthevirtualmachinetoactasanappliance,suchasaWebserverwitha
browserbasedconsole,youcanspecifythatthedefaultviewshouldbeanappliance
view.Theapplianceviewgivesyouabriefdescriptionofthetypeofserverorappliance
andprovidesalinkthatopensthebrowseronthehostsystemandconnectstothe
appliancesmanagementconsole.
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Applianceviewisavailableonlyforvirtualmachinesthatyoudesignateasappliances,
asdescribedinDisplayingtheVirtualMachineasanApplianceonpage 170.
Toolbar Buttons
ThetoolbarareaatthetopoftheVMwareWorkstationwindowcontainsbuttonsyou
canclicktopoweryourvirtualmachinesonandoff,changetheWorkstationdisplay,
managesnapshots,andrecordvirtualmachineactivity.
Figure 4-5. Workstation Toolbar
Power toolbar
VMware, Inc.
Snapshot toolbar
View toolbar
Replay toolbar
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Thefollowinglistdescribesthetoolbarbuttons.Tocustomizethetoolbardisplay,see
CustomizingtheToolbaronpage 74.
CAUTIONWhenateamisactive,clickingthePowerOn,PowerOff,Suspend,Resume,
orResetbuttonaffectsallthevirtualmachinesinthatteam.
Powertoolbar:
PowerOffTurnsofftheactivevirtualmachineorteamlikethepowerbutton
onahardwarePC.YoucanconfigureWorkstationforasoftpoweroff(called
shutdown)orahardpoweroff(calledpoweroff).SeeShuttingDowna
VirtualMachineonpage 154orStartingandStoppingTeamsonpage 264.
SuspendStopsavirtualmachineorteaminamannerthatallowsyouto
resumeyourworklater.SeeUsingtheSuspendandResumeFeatureson
page 225.
PowerOnorResumePowersonaselectedvirtualmachineorteamthatis
poweredoff,orresumesavirtualmachineorteamthatissuspended.
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PowerOnSeeStartingaVirtualMachineonpage 150,orStarting
andStoppingTeamsonpage 264.
ResumeSeeUsingtheSuspendandResumeFeaturesonpage 225.
ResetResetsavirtualmachineorteamliketheresetbuttononaphysicalPC.
SeePoweringOffVersusShuttingDownandResettingVersusRestartingon
page 154.
Snapshottoolbar:
TakeSnapshotAllowsyoutosavethestateofavirtualmachineinthesame
manneryoumightsaveawordprocessingdocument.Youcancomebackto
thatstateifyoumakeamistakebyusingtheRevertbutton.SeeUsing
Snapshotsonpage 227.
RevertAllowsyoutoreturnavirtualmachinetotheparentstate,astate
previouslypreservedbytakingasnapshot.SeeUsingSnapshotson
page 227.
ManageSnapshotsOpensthesnapshotmanager,whereyoucanviewthe
virtualmachinesexistingsnapshots,reverttoasnapshot,takeanew
snapshot,andmakeaclonefromasnapshot.SeeWorkingwithSnapshotsin
theSnapshotManageronpage 233.
VMware, Inc.
Viewtoolbar:
ShoworHideSidebarTogglesbetweenshowingandhidingthesidebar.See
Sidebaronpage 75.
QuickSwitchEnlargestheWorkstationconsoletocovertheentirehost
monitor.Consoletabsarevisible,allowingyoutoswitchbetweenyourvirtual
machinesandteamswithasingleclick.SeeUsingQuickSwitchModeon
page 159.
FullScreenEnlargesthevirtualmachinedisplaytocovertheentirehost
monitor.Thevirtualmachinenolongerappearsinawindow.SeeUsingFull
ScreenModeonpage 158.
NOTEWorkstationmenusandtoolbararenotvisibleinfullscreenmode.
Moveyourcursortothetopofthescreentoshowthefullscreentoolbar.Press
Ctrl+Alt+EntertorestoretheWorkstationwindow.
Ifyoucannotenterfullscreenmodewhentheguestsdisplaymodeissmaller
thanthehostsdisplaymode,tryaddingthefollowinglinetothevirtual
machinesconfiguration(.vmx)file:
mks.maxRefreshRate=1000
SeeFilesThatMakeUpaVirtualMachineonpage 110foradescriptionof
thisfile.
SummaryViewDisplaysthesummaryview.SeeSummaryViewon
page 68.
ApplianceViewDisplaystheapplianceview.SeeApplianceViewon
page 70.
ConsoleViewDisplaystheconsoleview.SeeConsoleViewonpage 70.
Replaytoolbar:
ReplayLastRecordingPlaysthelastrecordingmadeforthisvirtual
machine.
RecordBeginsrecordingtheactivityofthisvirtualmachine.
StopStopsrecordingtheactivityofthisvirtualmachine.
Forinformationabouttheexperimentalrecord/replayfeature,seeRecordingand
PlayingBackVirtualMachineActivityonpage 242.
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RightclickthefarrightsideofthetoolbartodisplayaToolbarmenu.
ChoosePower,Snapshot,View,orReplaytoaddorremovethecorresponding
toolbarbuttons.
Whenachoiceischecked,thecorrespondingbuttonsaredisplayed.
Inthelowerpartofthemenu,choosethedisplaystylefortoolbarbuttons.
RightclickanypartofthetoolbartodisplayaToolbarmenu.
ClickPower,Snapshot,View,orReplaytoaddorremovethattoolbar.
Whenatoolbarischecked,itisdisplayed.
Tochangewhichbuttonsappearinatoolbarortheorderinwhichtheyappear,
displaythattoolbarandcontinuewiththefollowingsteps.
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RightclickthePower,Snapshot,View,orReplaytoolbartoopentheCustomize
Toolbarwindow.
TheCustomizeToolbarwindowforthattoolbarappears.Buttonslistedunder
CurrentToolbarButtonsaredisplayedinthetoolbar,intheordershowninthe
CustomizeToolbarswindow.
Makeanyofthefollowingchanges:
Toaddorremoveabuttonfromthetoolbar,selectthebuttonandclickAddor
Remove.Addaseparatortodisplayaverticallinebetweenthebuttons.
Tochangetheorderofthebuttons,selectanybuttonunderCurrentToolbar
ButtonsandclickMoveUporMoveDowntorearrangethebuttons.
Youcanalsochangetheorderofthecurrentlydisplayedbuttonswithout
openingtheCustomizeToolbarwindow:HolddowntheShiftkeywhileyou
draganddropabuttontoadifferentlocationinthetoolbar.
Torestorethedefaultsetup,withallbuttonsdisplayed,clickReset.
ClickClose.
Sidebar
Thesidebarcontainsalistoffavoritesandshowswhichvirtualmachinesorteamsof
virtualmachinesarecurrentlypoweredon.IfyouhaveWorkstationACEEdition,an
additionalsectionofthesidebardisplaysACEManagementServers.(Foradescription
ofthisproduct,seeUpgradePathtoWorkstationACEEditiononpage 22.)
To toggle the display of the Sidebar list on or off
ChooseView>Sidebar.
Ifthesidebarwasvisible,itbecomeshidden.Ifitwashidden,itisdisplayed.
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right-click menu
Suspended icon
Powered On icon
Workstation 4
virtual machine
TheFavoriteslistprovidesthefollowingbenefits:
76
FastaccessQuicklyaccessfrequentlyuseditems.Withyourvirtualmachines
andteamsontheFavoriteslist,youcanopenthemwithoutbrowsingthehostfile
system.Alsolikebrowserbookmarks,Favoriteslisticonscanbeorganizedin
folders,added,rearranged,ordeleted.
StatusDifferenticonsindicatethestatusofvirtualmachinesandteams.A
Favoriteslisticonindicateswhethertheteamorvirtualmachineispoweredoff,
poweredon,orsuspended.Abrown(ratherthanblue)virtualmachineicon
indicatesthatthevirtualmachineisaWorkstation4virtualmachine.
RightclickcommandsRightclickonaFavoritesicontodisplayamenuof
commandsyoucanuseforthatvirtualmachineorteam.Youcanclickelsewhere
intheFavoriteslist(thatis,notonavirtualmachineorteam)todisplayacontext
menufromwhichyoucanchoosetocreateanewvirtualmachine,team,orfolder.
Youcanalsoopenanexistingvirtualmachine,team,MicrosoftVirtualPCor
VirtualServervirtualmachine,StorageCraft,orSymantecBackupExecSystem
Recoverysystemimage.
VMware, Inc.
RightclickFavorites(oranyitemintheFavoriteslist),andchooseNewFolder.
CompletetheNewFolderdialogboxthatappears.
Youcanalsodraganddropfolderstoplaceoneinsideanother.
DraganddropFavoritesitemsinthedesiredfolder.
LaunchWorkstation.Forinstructions,seeStartingWorkstationonpage 66.
ChooseFile>Openandbrowsetothelocationofthevirtualmachine(.vmx file)or
team(.vmtm file)thatyouwanttoaddasafavorite.
ChooseFile>AddtoFavorites.
ThevirtualmachineorteamnameappearsintheFavoriteslist.
Inthesidebar,rightclickthevirtualmachineorteaminthePoweredOnlist.
Fromthecontextmenuthatappears,chooseAddtoFavorites.
ThevirtualmachinenameappearsintheFavoriteslist.
ClickanameintheFavoriteslisttoselectit.
ChooseFile>RemovefromFavorites.
ThevirtualmachinenameisremovedfromtheFavoriteslist.
YoucanremovethenameofavirtualmachinefromtheFavoriteslistatanytime.
Removingthenamedoesnotaffectthevirtualmachinesfilesoroperation.Youcanadd
thevirtualmachinetothelistagainatanytime.
To remove the currently open virtual machine from the Favorites list
ChooseFile>RemovefromFavorites.
ThevirtualmachineisremovedfromtheFavoriteslist.
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RightclicktheFavoritesitemyouwanttorename.
ChooseRenamefromthecontextmenu.
TypethenewnamefortheitemandpressEnter.
Anotherwaytochangethenameofavirtualmachineorteamistochoose
VM>Settings>Options>General(foravirtualmachine),or
Team>Settings>Options(forateam),andtypethenewnameintotheNamefield.
NOTEChangingthenameisfordisplayonlyanddoesnotrenamethevirtual
machinefilesonthehost.
Powered On List
Thislistenablesyoutofindoutwhichvirtualmachinesorteamsarecurrentlypowered
on.RightclickitemsinthePoweredOnlisttodisplayamenuofcommandsyoucan
useforthatvirtualmachineorteam.
Alternatively,youcanseethesameinformationaboutwhichmachinesarepoweredon
byrightclickingthevirtualmachinestatusiconinthenotificationareaofyourhosts
taskbar.
ChooseEdit>Preferences>Workspace.
OntheCheckforSoftwareUpdatesdropdownmenu,settheinterval.
TheSoftwareupdatessectionoftheWorkspacetabshowsthetimeandresultofthe
mostrecentautomaticcheckforupdatesandthetimeofthenextscheduledcheck.
YoucancheckforupdatesmanuallybychoosingHelp>CheckforUpdatesonthe
Web.Alternatively,onLinux,clickCheckNowontheWorkspacetabofthe
preferenceseditor(fromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences).
NOTECheckingforproductupdatesworksonlyifthehostcomputerisconnectedto
theInternet.
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StartVMwareWorkstation.
Forinstructions,seeStartingWorkstationonpage 66.
ChooseFile>New>VirtualMachine,tostarttheNewVirtualMachinewizardand
clickNext.
IntheSelecttheAppropriateConfigurationpage,selectTypicalandclickNext.
OntheSelectaGuestOperatingSystempage,selecttheoperatingsystem
(includingtheversion)thatyouintendtoinstallinthenewvirtualmachineand
clickNext.
Completetherestofthewizardpagesasfollows:
NametheVirtualMachinepageClickNexttoacceptthedefault.
NetworkTypepageSelectNATandclickNext.ForWindowsguests,itis
recommendedthatyouuseNATuntilyouinstallsecuritysoftware,suchas
antivirussoftware.
SpecifyDiskCapacitypageClickFinish.
VirtualmachinecreatedsuccessfullyClickClose.
ThevirtualmachineiscreatedanditsnameisaddedtotheFavoriteslist.
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Inserttheinstallationdiscfortheoperatingsysteminthehostcomputers
CDROMdrive.
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IntheWorkstationwindow,onthetabforthenewlycreatedvirtualmachine,inthe
Commandssection,clickStartthisvirtualmachine.
OnLinuxhosts,thecommandiscalledPoweronthisvirtualmachine.
Theconsoleviewforthevirtualmachineappears.Soonthebootdevice(the
CDROM)isdetectedandyouarepromptedtobegininstallationoftheoperating
system.
Followtheinstallationinstructionsprovidedbytheoperatingsystemvendor.
Afteryoufinishinstallingtheguestoperatingsystem,youcaninstallVMware
Tools,asdescribedinthenextstep.Makesuretheguestoperatingsystemis
runningand,ifnecessary,youareloggedin.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>InstallVMwareTools,and
completetheinstallationwizardthatappearsintheguestoperatingsystem.
Acceptthedefaultsettingsprovidedinthewizard.
ItisassumedthatyouareusingaWindowsguestoperatingsystem.Installing
VMwareToolsinaWindowssystemisasimplematterofclickingNextto
completethewizard.InstallingVMwareToolsinLinuxandSolarissystems
requiresyoutouseacommandlineprogram,asdescribedinInstallingand
UpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 115.
Nowthatyouhavecreatedavirtualmachineandinstalledaguestoperatingsystem,
youcanrefertoitasyoureadtherestofthesectionsinthischapter.
IfyoudidnotentertheWorkstationserialnumberwhenyouinstalledtheproduct(an
optionavailableonaWindowshost),youarepromptedtoenteritthefirsttimeyou
attempttopoweronavirtualmachine.Theserialnumberisontheregistrationcardin
yourpackageorintheemailmessageconfirmingyourelectronicdistributionorder.
EnteryourserialnumberandclickOK.
TheserialnumberyouenterissavedandWorkstationdoesnotaskyouforitagain.For
yourconvenience,WorkstationsendstheserialnumbertotheVMwareWebsitewhen
youusecertainWeblinksbuiltintotheproduct(forexample,Help>VMwareonthe
Web>RegisterNow!andHelp>VMwareontheWeb>RequestSupport).Thisallows
VMwaretodirectyoutothecorrectWebpagetoregisterandgetsupportforyour
product.
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FollowingisalistofthetabsinthePreferencesdialogbox,alongwithcrossreferences
tothesectionsofthismanualthatpertaintoeachtab:
WorkspacetabLetsyouconfigurethefollowingsettings:
LocationsectionLetsyouchangethedirectoryinwhichnewlycreated
virtualmachinesarestored.SeeVirtualMachineLocationonpage 152and
FilesThatMakeUpaVirtualMachineonpage 110.
VirtualMachinessectionSeveraloftheseoptionshavetodowithexiting
Workstationwhileleavingsomevirtualmachinespoweredon.SeeClosing
VirtualMachinesandExitingWorkstationonpage 86.Forinformationabout
enablingsharedfolders,seeUsingSharedFoldersonpage 173.
SoftwareUpdatessectionSeeCheckingforProductUpdatesonpage 78.
InputtabLetsyouadjustthewaythevirtualmachinecapturescontrolof
keyboardandmouse.Forexample,bydefaultthevirtualmachinegrabskeyboard
andmouseinputwhenyouclickinsidethevirtualmachine.
HotKeystabLetsyouspecifythekeycombinationthatisusedwithhotkey
sequencesforallyourvirtualmachines.Usehotkeysequencestoenterandleave
fullscreenmode,ungrabmouseandkeyboardinput,andsoon.
DisplaytabLetsyouadjustthemannerinwhichtheconsoleandthehostdisplay
accommodateadifferentguestoperatingsystemdisplayresolution.
AlsoseeFittingtheWorkstationConsoletotheVirtualMachineDisplayon
page 165andUsingFullScreenModeonpage 158.
MemorytabFordetailsonadjustingmemorysettingsinVMwareWorkstation,
seeMemoryonpage 374.OnLinux,youmustberunningWorkstationasrootin
ordertochangethesettingsontheMemorytabofthepreferenceseditor.
PrioritytabForinformationaboutthesnapshotsettingsonthistab,see
EnablingSnapshotActionsasaBackgroundActivityonpage 231.OnLinux,
youmustberunningWorkstationasrootinordertochangethissetting.
ForinformationabouttheprocessprioritysettingsavailableonWindowshosts,
seeConfiguringProcessSchedulingonWindowsHostsonpage 373.
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Lockouttab(Windowshostsonly)Letsyourestrictwhocancreatenewvirtual
machines,editvirtualmachineconfigurations,andchangenetworkingsettings.
Fordetails,seeLockingOutInterfaceFeatures(WindowsHostsOnly)on
page 391.
VMware, Inc.
ToolstabLetsyouspecifywhetheryouwanttoautomaticallyupgradeVMware
ToolsonWindowsandLinuxguestsystemswhenanewversionbecomes
available.OnLinuxhosts,youmustberunningWorkstationasrootinorderto
changethesettingsontheToolstabofthepreferenceseditor.
VMwareToolsisasuiteofutilitiesthatenhancestheperformanceofthevirtual
machinesguestoperatingsystemandimprovesmanagementofthevirtual
machinebyWorkstation.SeeChapter 6,InstallingandUsingVMwareTools,on
page 113.
Devicestab(Windowshostsonly)Bydefault,theautorunfeaturementionedon
thistabisdisabledbydefault.Therefore,youneedtomanuallyconnecttothe
CDROMdrivebyusingtheVM>RemovableDevicesmenu,asdescribedin
ConnectingandDisconnectingRemovableDevicesonpage 182.
Inadditiontothecrossreferencesmentionedinthislist,moreinformationaboutthe
settingsoneachtabisavailableintheWorkstationonlinehelp.ClicktheHelpbutton
inthePreferencesdialogbox.
Thesettingsonthefollowingtabsapplyonlytotheusercurrentlyloggedontothehost
computer:Workspacetab,Inputtab,HotKeystab,Prioritytab,andToolstab.
Thesettingsonthefollowingtabsapplynomatterwhichvirtualmachineisrunningor
whichuserisloggedontothehostcomputer:Displaytab,Memorytab,Lockouttab,
andDevicestab.
Hardware Tab
UsetheHardwaretabtoadd,remove,andconfigurevirtualdevicesfortheselected
virtualmachine.Toaddandremovehardware,andtochangemanyofthe
configurationsettings,youneedtopoweroff(butnotclose)thevirtualmachinebefore
displayingthisdialogbox.
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Whenyouselectaniteminthehardwarelist,theoptionsthatcorrespondtotheitem
aredisplayedontherightsideofthedialogbox.Forexample,inFigure 48,memory
optionsaredisplayedbecausetheMemoryitemisselected.
TopicsandchaptersrelatedtoeachofthevirtualdevicesintheHardwarelistare
providedlaterinthismanual.Todisplayonlinehelpforanitemyouselectinthe
Hardwarelist,clicktheHelpbutton.
Options Tab
TheOptionstabletsyouadjustcharacteristicsoftheselectedvirtualmachine:
84
Manyoptionscontrolinteractionsbetweenthehostandtheguestoperating
system,suchashowfolderscanbeshared,howfilesaretransferred,andwhat
happenstoaguestoperatingsystemwhenyouexitWorkstation.
SomeoptionsletyouoverridesimilarPreferencesdialogboxoptions,whichare
globalpreferencessetforallvirtualmachines.Forexample,youcanusethe
AdvancedoptiontooverridetheprocessprioritiessetonthePrioritytabinthe
Preferencesdialogbox.
VMware, Inc.
Someoptionsletyouchangesettingsyoumightinitiallymakewhenrunningthe
NewVirtualMachinewizardtocreateavirtualmachine.Forexample,youcanuse
theGeneraloptionstochangethenameofthevirtualmachine.
ThesettingsforthevirtualmachineOptionstabarediscussedlaterinthismanual,in
thetaskspecifictopicsandprocedureswhereyouwouldusethem.Todisplayonline
helpforanitemyouselectintheOptionslist,clicktheHelpbutton.
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Continuerunningthevirtualmachineinthebackground.Ifavirtualmachine
continuesrunningafteryouexitWorkstation,youcanstillinteractwithitthrough
VNCorsomeotherservice.
Suspendthevirtualmachine.Thesuspendoperationsavesthestateofthevirtual
machine.Formoreinformation,seeUsingtheSuspendandResumeFeatureson
page 225.
Powerthevirtualmachineoff.Ifyouhaveconfiguredthepoweroperationtodoa
softpoweroff,aVMwareToolsscriptrunsinordertocleanlyshutdownthe
guestoperatingsystembeforepoweringoff.Formoreinformation,seePowering
OffVersusShuttingDownandResettingVersusRestartingonpage 154.
IfyoudontwanttoreceiveaprompteverytimeyouexitWorkstationorcloseavirtual
machineorteam,youcansetapreferencetospecifythatyouwantvirtualmachinesto
alwaysruninthebackgroundwhenyouexit.
To set virtual machines to run in the background
Dooneofthefollowing:
RespondtothepromptwhenyouclosethevirtualmachineorexitWorkstation,as
follows:ClickRuninBackground.
SetaWorkstationpreference:
a
FromtheVMwareWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences.
OntheWorkspacetab,selectRunpoweredonvirtualmachinesin
backgroundaftercloseandclickOK.
Virtualmachineswillruninthebackgroundwhenyoucloseataborexit
Workstation.Youwillnolongerbeprompted.
Bydefault,whenvirtualmachinesruninthebackground,astatusiconisdisplayedin
thenotificationareaofthetaskbar.Placeyourmousepointerovertheicontodisplaya
atooltipthatshowsthenumberofvirtualmachinesandteamsthatarerunninginthe
background.Thesearethevirtualmachinesandteamsthatbelongtotheloggedinuser.
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Keyboard Shortcuts
Ifyouprefertoworkfromthekeyboard,usethekeyboardshortcutsshowninTable 41.
IfyouchangedthePreferencessettingforthehotkeycombination,substituteyournew
settingforCtrl+AltasneededintheshortcutslistedinTable 41.
Table 4-1. Keyboard Shortcuts
Shortcut
Action
Ctrl+B
Poweron.
Ctrl+E
Poweroff.
Ctrl+R
Resetthepower.
Ctrl+Z
Suspend.
Ctrl+N
Createanewvirtualmachine.
Ctrl+O
Openavirtualmachine.
Ctrl+F4
Closethesummary/consoleviewfortheselectedvirtualmachine.
Aconfirmationdialogappearsonlyifthevirtualmachineispoweredon.
Ctrl+D
Editthevirtualmachinesconfiguration.
F9
Togglebetweendisplayingandhidingthesidebar.
Ctrl+G
Grabinputfromkeyboardandmouse.
Ctrl+P
Editpreferences.
Ctrl+Alt+Enter
Togglebetweenfullscreenmodeandwindowedmode.
Ctrl+Alt
Releasethemousecursor.Ifthevirtualmachineisinthetypeoffullscreen
modecalledexclusivemode,pressingCtrl+Altbringsthevirtualmachine
outofexclusivemodeandintofullscreenmode.
Ctrl+Alt+Tab
Switchamongopenvirtualmachineswhilemouseandkeyboardinput
aregrabbed.
Ctrl+Tab
Switchamongopenvirtualmachineswhilemouseandkeyboardinput
arenotgrabbed.VMwareWorkstationmustbetheactiveapplication.
Ctrl+Shift+Tab
Switchamongopenvirtualmachineswhilemouseandkeyboardinput
arenotgrabbed.VMwareWorkstationmustbetheactiveapplication.
Ctrl+Shift+right
arrow
Infullscreenmode,switchtothenextpoweredonvirtualmachine.
Ctrl+Shift+left
arrow
Infullscreenmode,switchtothepreviouspoweredonvirtualmachine.
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Thischapterdiscusseshowtocreateanewvirtualmachineandinstallaguest
operatingsystem.Thischaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:
SettingUpaNewVirtualMachineonpage 89
InstallingaGuestOperatingSystemonpage 97
ImportingVirtualMachinesfromOtherFormats(WindowsHostsOnly)on
page 100
FilesThatMakeUpaVirtualMachineonpage 110
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Theguestoperatingsystem.Forinformation,seeGuestOperatingSystem
Selectiononpage 91.
Thevirtualmachinenameandthelocationofthevirtualmachinesfiles.For
information,seeVirtualMachineLocationonpage 91.
Thenetworkconnectiontype.Forinformation,seeNetworkConnectionTypeon
page 92.
Whethertoallocateallthespaceforavirtualdiskatthetimeyoucreateit.For
information,seeDiskCapacityonpage 94.
Whethertosplitavirtualdiskinto2GBfiles.Forinformation,seeDiskCapacity
onpage 94.
Youarenotpromptedtospecifythevirtualmachineversion.Thevirtualmachine
version(Workstation4,5,or6)isassumedtobetheonespecifiedinthepreferences
editor(fromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences,andseethesetting
forDefaulthardwarecompatibility).
Manycircumstancescancauseyoutoselectacustominstallation.SelectCustomifyou
wantto:
Makeadifferentversionofvirtualmachinethanwhatisspecifiedinthe
preferenceseditor(fromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences,and
seethesettingforDefaulthardwarecompatibility).
SpecifywhetheryouwanttocreateanIDEoraSCSIvirtualdisk,regardlessofthe
defaultthatisusuallyusedfortheguestoperatingsystem.
Inordertofindoutwhattypeofvirtualdiskwouldbecreatedbydefaultfora
particularoperatingsystem,selecttheCustomoptionandclickNextthroughthe
wizardpages,selectthedesiredguestoperatingsystem,andthencontinue
throughthewizarduntilyougettothepagecalledSelectaDiskType.Thedefault
isalreadyselected.
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Useaphysicaldiskratherthanavirtualdisk(forexpertusers).Thistopicis
discussedinVirtualDisksandPhysicalDisksonpage 94.
Useanexistingvirtualdiskratherthancreateanewvirtualdisk.Thistopicis
discussedinVirtualDisksandPhysicalDisksonpage 94.
Setmemoryoptionsthataredifferentfromthedefaults.
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Assignmorethanonevirtualprocessortothevirtualmachine.Thistopicis
discussedinNumberofProcessorsonpage 92.
Createavirtualmachineforendusers.ThistopicisdiscussedinUsingFull
ScreenSwitchMode(WindowsHostsOnly)onpage 395.
Selectappropriatedefaultvalues,suchastheamountofmemoryneeded
Namefilesassociatedwiththevirtualmachine
Adjustsettingsforoptimalperformance
Workaroundspecialbehaviorsandbugswithinaguestoperatingsystem
Donotattempttoinstalla64bitoperatingsystemafterselectinga32bitguest
operatingsystemtypehere.
Iftheoperatingsystemyouplantouseisnotlisted,selectOtherforbothguest
operatingsystemandversion.
NOTEWorkstationsupports64bitguestoperatingsystemsonlyinWorkstation
versions5.5andlater,andonlyonhostmachineswithsupportedprocessors.Forthe
listofprocessorsWorkstationsupportsfor64bitguestoperatingsystems,seethe
VMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuide,availablefromtheHelpmenu.
Windowshosts:OnWindows2000,WindowsXP,andWindowsServer2003,the
defaultfolderforaWindowsXPProfessionalvirtualmachineis:
C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\My Documents\My Virtual
Machines\Windows XP Professional
OnWindowsVista,thedefaultfolderis:
C:\Users\<username>\Documents\Virtual Machines\Windows XP Professional
Linuxhosts:ThedefaultlocationforaWindowsXPProfessionalvirtualmachine
is<homedir>/vmware/Windows XP Professional,where<homedir>isthe
homedirectoryoftheuserwhoiscurrentlyloggedon.
Virtualmachineperformancemightbeslowerifyourvirtualharddiskisonanetwork
drive.Forbestperformance,besurethevirtualmachinesfolderisonalocaldrive.
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However,ifotherusersneedtoaccessthisvirtualmachine,youshouldconsider
placingthevirtualmachinefilesinalocationthatisaccessibletothem.Formore
information,seeSharingVirtualMachineswithOtherUsersonpage 193.
Number of Processors
Thisoptionisavailableforcustomconfigurationsonly.Settingthevirtualmachineto
havetwoprocessorsissupportedonlyforhostmachineswithatleasttwological
processors.(Ifyouarecreatingaversion4virtualmachine,youwillnotseethispanel.)
Thefollowingareallconsideredtohavetwologicalprocessors:
Asingleprocessorhostwithhyperthreadingenabled
AsingleprocessorhostwithadualcoreCPU
AmultiprocessorhostwithtwoCPUs,regardlessofwhethertheyaredualcoreor
havehyperthreadingenabled
FormoreaboutWorkstationsupportforvirtualSymmetricMultiprocessing(SMP),see
UsingTwoWayVirtualSymmetricMultiprocessing(Experimental)onpage 367.
BridgednetworkingIfyourhostcomputerisonanetworkandyouhavea
separateIPaddressforyourvirtualmachine(orcangetoneautomaticallyfroma
DHCPserver),selectUsebridgednetworking.Othercomputersonthenetwork
canthencommunicatedirectlywiththevirtualmachine.
NATIfyoudonothaveaseparateIPaddressforyourvirtualmachinebutyou
wanttobeabletoconnecttotheInternet,selectUsenetworkaddresstranslation
(NAT).Thevirtualmachineandthehostshareasinglenetworkidentitythatisnot
visibleoutsidethenetwork.
HostonlyHostonlynetworkingprovidesanetworkconnectionbetweenthe
virtualmachineandthehostcomputer,usingavirtualEthernetadapterthatis
visibletothehostoperatingsystem.Withhostonlynetworking,thevirtual
machinecancommunicateonlywiththehostandothervirtualmachinesinthe
hostonlynetwork.Thisapproachcanbeusefulifyouneedtosetupanisolated
virtualnetwork.
NoconnectionYoucanalwayssetupaconnectionafteryoufinishcreatingthe
virtualmachine.
FormoredetailsaboutWorkstationnetworkingoptions,seeConfiguringa
VirtualNetworkonpage 273.
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Disk Capacity
Thewizardpromptsyoutosetasizebetween0.1GBand950GBforaSCSIvirtualdisk.
Youthenchoosewhethertoallocateallthediskspacenoworallowthevirtualmachine
togrowasyouuseit.Itisrecommendedthatyouallowthedisktogrow.
TheoptionAllocatealldiskspacenowgivessomewhatbetterperformanceforyour
virtualmachine.Ifyouallocateallthedisknow,youwillnotbeabletousetheshrink
diskfeaturelater.
NOTEAllocatingalldiskspacenowisatimeconsumingoperationthatcannotbe
canceled,andrequiresasmuchphysicaldiskspaceasyouspecifyforthevirtualdisk.
YouarealsogiventheoptionSplitdiskinto2GBfiles.Selectthisoptionifyourvirtual
diskisstoredonafilesystemthatdoesnotsupportfileslargerthan2GB.
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Tocreateavirtualmachinebyusingthetypicalsetuponpage 95
Tocreateavirtualmachinebyusingthecustomsetuponpage 95
VMware, Inc.
Ifyouneedassistanceindeterminingwhichtypeofsetuptouse,seeTypicalVersus
CustomConfigurationsonpage 90.
To create a virtual machine by using the typical setup
1
StartVMwareWorkstation.
Forinstructions,seeStartingWorkstationonpage 66.
ChooseFile>New>VirtualMachine,tostarttheNewVirtualMachinewizardand
clickNext.
IntheSelecttheAppropriateConfigurationpage,selectTypicalandclickNext.
OntheSelectaGuestOperatingSystempage,selecttheoperatingsystem
(includingtheversion)thatyouintendtoinstallinthenewvirtualmachineand
clickNext.
Formoreinformation,seeGuestOperatingSystemSelectiononpage 91.
OntheNametheVirtualMachinepage,selectanameandfolderforthevirtual
machineandclickNext.
ThenameyouenterhereisusedifyouaddthisvirtualmachinetotheVMware
WorkstationFavoriteslist.Thisnameisalsousedasthenameofthefolderwhere
allthefilesassociatedwiththisvirtualmachinearestored.
Eachvirtualmachineshouldhaveitsownfolder.Formoreinformation,see
VirtualMachineLocationonpage 91.
OntheNetworkTypepage,configurethenetworkingcapabilitiesofthevirtual
machineandclickNext.
Formoreinformation,seeNetworkConnectionTypeonpage 92.
OntheSpecifyDiskCapacitypage,enterthesizeofthevirtualdisk,specifythe
wayyouwantthediskspaceallocated,andclickFinish.
Formoreinformation,seeDiskCapacityonpage 94.
Nowthatthevirtualmachineiscreated,continueonwithInstallingaGuestOperating
Systemonpage 97.
To create a virtual machine by using the custom setup
1
StartVMwareWorkstation.
Forinstructions,seeStartingWorkstationonpage 66.
ChooseFile>New>VirtualMachine,tostarttheNewVirtualMachinewizardand
clickNext.
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IntheSelecttheAppropriateConfigurationpage,selectCustomandclickNext.
OntheChoosetheVirtualMachineHardwareCompatibilitypage,specify
whetheryouwanttocreateaWorkstation4,5,or6virtualmachineandclickNext.
WhenyoumakeaselectionfromtheHardwareCompatibilitylist,youwillseea
listofotherVMwareproductsandversionsthatarecompatiblewithyour
selection.Youwillalsoseealistoffeaturesthatwillnotbeavailableforthat
version.
OntheSelectaGuestOperatingSystempage,selecttheoperatingsystem
(includingtheversion)thatyouintendtoinstallinthenewvirtualmachineand
clickNext.
Formoreinformation,seeGuestOperatingSystemSelectiononpage 91.
OntheNametheVirtualMachinepage,selectanameandfolderforthevirtual
machineandclickNext.
ThenameyouenterhereisusedifyouaddthisvirtualmachinetotheVMware
WorkstationFavoriteslist.Thisnameisalsousedasthenameofthefolderwhere
allthefilesassociatedwiththisvirtualmachinearestored.
Eachvirtualmachineshouldhaveitsownfolder.Formoreinformation,see
VirtualMachineLocationonpage 91.
IfyouarecreatingaWorkstation5or6virtualmachine,ontheProcessor
Configurationpage,selectthenumberofprocessorsforthevirtualmachineand
clickNext.
Formoreinformation,seeNumberofProcessorsonpage 92.
OntheMemoryfortheVirtualMachinepage,eitheradjustthememorysettingsor
acceptthedefaultsettingandclickNext.
Inmostcases,itisbesttokeepthedefaultmemorysetting.Ifyouplantousethe
virtualmachinetorunmanyapplicationsorapplicationsthatneedlargeamounts
ofmemory,youmightwanttouseahighermemorysetting.Formoreinformation,
seeSettingtheMemorySizeofaVirtualMachineonpage 374.
NOTEYoucannotallocatemorethan2GBofmemorytoavirtualmachineifthe
virtualmachinesfilesarestoredonafilesystemsuchasWindows9.xandMEwith
FAT16thatdoesnotsupportfilesgreaterthan2GB.
OntheNetworkTypepage,configurethenetworkingcapabilitiesofthevirtual
machineandclickNext.
Formoreinformation,seeNetworkConnectionTypeonpage 92.
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10
OntheSelectI/OAdapterTypespage,selectthetypeofSCSIadapteryouwantto
usewiththevirtualmachineandclickNext.
Formoreinformation,seeSCSIAdapterTypesonpage 93.
11
OntheSelectaDiskpage,selectwhethertocreateanIDEorSCSIdiskandclick
Next.
Formoreinformation,seeVirtualDisksandPhysicalDisksonpage 94.
12
OntheSelectaDiskTypepage,selectwhethertocreateanIDEorSCSIdiskand
clickNext.
Thewizardrecommendsthebestchoicebasedontheguestoperatingsystemyou
selected.AllLinuxdistributionsyoucanselectinthewizarduseSCSIvirtualdisks
bydefault,asdoseveralnewerWindowsoperatingsystemsand64bitoperating
systems.
13
(Linuxhostsonly)AlsoontheSelectaDiskTypepage,ifyouwanttoexcludedisks
fromsnapshots,intheModesection,selectIndependentforthemodeandchoose
oneofthefollowingoptions:
PersistentChangesareimmediatelyandpermanentlywrittentothedisk.
NonpersistentChangestothediskarediscardedwhenyoupoweroffor
reverttoasnapshot.
Formoreinformation,seeUsingSnapshotsonpage 227.
14
OntheSpecifyDiskCapacitypage,enterthesizeofthevirtualdisk,specifythe
wayyouwantthediskspaceallocated,andclickNext.
Formoreinformation,seeDiskCapacityonpage 94.
15
OntheSpecifyDiskFilepage,enterthelocationofthevirtualdisksfilesandclick
Finish.
Thewizardsetsupthefilesneededforyourvirtualmachine.
Nowthatthevirtualmachineiscreated,continueonwithInstallingaGuestOperating
Systemonpage 97.
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InstallingaguestoperatingsysteminsideyourVMwareWorkstationvirtualmachine
isessentiallythesameasinstallingitonaphysicalcomputer.
To install a guest operating system
1
StartVMwareWorkstation.
InserttheinstallationCDROMorfloppydiskforyourguestoperatingsystem.
Insomehostconfigurations,thevirtualmachinecannotbootfromtheinstallation
CDROM.YoucanworkaroundthatproblembycreatinganISOimagefilefrom
theinstallationCDROM.Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditor(choose
VM>Settings)toconnectthevirtualmachinesCDdrivetotheISOimagefile,and
poweronthevirtualmachine.
IftheoperatingsystemspansseveralCDs,whenyouarepromptedtoinsertthe
secondCD:
a
DisconnectfromthecurrentimagebychoosingVM>Removable
Devices>CDROM>Disconnect.
EdittheCDsettingsbychoosingVM>RemovableDevices>CDROM>Edit.
ForUseISOimagefile,clickBrowse,andselecttheISOimageforthesecond
CD.
IntheDeviceStatusarea,selecttheConnectedcheckboxandclickOK.
Intheguestoperatingsystem,clickOKorotherwiserespondtotheprompt
sothatinstallationcancontinue.RepeatthisprocessforadditionalCDs.
ClickthePowerOnbuttontopoweronyourvirtualmachine.
Followtheinstructionsprovidedbytheoperatingsystemvendor.
ThenextsectionprovidesnotesoninstallingaWindowsXPguestoperatingsystem.
ThestepsarethesameonaLinuxhost.
Forinformationoninstallingotherguestoperatingsystems,seetheVMwareGuest
OperatingSystemInstallationGuide,availablefromtheVMwareWebsiteorfromthe
Helpmenu.
NOTEWorkstationsupports64bitguestoperatingsystemsonlyinWorkstation
versions5.5andlater,andonlyonhostmachineswithsupportedprocessors.Forthe
listofprocessorsWorkstationsupportsfor64bitguestoperatingsystems,seethe
VMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuide.
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Dooneofthefollowingtoaccesstheinstallationmediafortheguestoperating
system:
ConfigurethevirtualmachinetousethehostsCDROMdrive,andinsertthe
WindowsXPCDintheCDROMdrive.SeeAddingDVDorCDDrivestoa
VirtualMachineonpage 213.
ConnecttoanISOimageofaninstallationdisk.SeeConnectinga
CDROM/DVDorFloppyDrivetoanImageFileonpage 215.
NOTEIfyouplantouseaPXEservertoinstalltheguestoperatingsystemovera
networkconnection,youdonotneedtheoperatingsysteminstallationmedia.
Whenyoupoweronthevirtualmachineinthenextstep,thevirtualmachine
detectsthePXEserver.
2
PoweronthevirtualmachinetostartinstallingWindowsXP.
FollowtheWindowsXPinstallationstepsasyouwouldforaphysicalcomputer.
Whentheinstallerisfinished,youhaveavirtualmachinerunningWindowsXP.
InstallVMwareTools,asdescribedinInstallingandUpgradingVMwareTools
onpage 115.
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StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClickOptions.
TheGeneraloptionisselectedbydefault.
FromtheVersionfield,selecttheversionthatyouplantoupgradetoandclickOK.
Thesettingyouspecifyhereiswrittentothevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile.
Thissettingdoesnotactuallychangetheguestoperatingsystemitself.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
Followtheupgradeinstructionsprovidedbytheoperatingsystemvendor.
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Avoidreinstallingoperatingsystemsandapplicationsforsystemconfigurations
youuseoften.
Overcomelegacymigrationbarriers.Certainlegacysystemsmightbeimpossible
torecreatethroughreinstallation.
Convertaphysicalmachineintoavirtualmachine.
Usevirtualmachinesorsystemimagescreatedwithproductsfromother
companiessuchasNorton,Symantec,andStorageCraft.
VMware, Inc.
UsetheFile>Opentoconvertandopenavirtualmachineorsystemimagequickly.
Workstationusesdefaultsettingstomaketheconversionautomatically,withno
inputrequiredfromyou.TheoriginalMicrosoftVirtualPC,SymantecBackup
ExecSystemRecovery,orStorageCraftconfiguration(.vmc,.spf,or.sv2i)fileis
unchanged.TheFile>Opencommandcreatesalinkedclonewhenitopensthefile.
Ifyouattempttoopenavirtualmachineorsystemimagethatis
passwordprotected,youwillbepromptedtousetheConverterImportwizard.
UsetheFile>Importcommandtospecifyanumberofoptionsfortheconverted
virtualmachine:theconvertedvirtualmachineslocation,whetherornotthe
convertedvirtualmachinesharesvirtualdiskswiththeoriginalvirtualmachineor
systemimage,andwhethertheconvertedvirtualmachineistobecompatiblewith
Workstation4.x,5.x,or6.x;ESX2.xor3.x;GSXServer3.x;orVMwareACE1.xor2.
DetailedproceduresareprovidedinOpeningandImportingaVirtualMachineor
SystemImageonpage 108.
ThewizardoutputsacompletelynewVMwarevirtualmachinebasedontheinput
virtualmachineorsystemimage.ThenewlymigratedVMwarevirtualmachineretains
theconfigurationoftheoriginalvirtualmachineorimage.
Themigrationprocessisnondestructive,soyoucancontinuetousetheoriginalvirtual
machinewithMicrosoftVirtualPC,ortheoriginalsystemimagewithSymantec
BackupExecSystemRecovery.However,ifyouplantorunanewVMwarevirtual
machineonthesamenetworkastheoriginalVirtualPCvirtualmachine,youmust
modifythenetworknameandIPaddressononeofthevirtualmachines,sotheoriginal
andnewvirtualmachinescancoexist.
Thissectionincludesthefollowingtopics:
VMwareConverterVersustheImporterWizardinWorkstationonpage 102
ConverterImportWizard:OverviewandSupportedSourceMachineson
page 102
SupportedDestinationsonpage 105
HowConvertingAffectsSettingsonpage 107
OpeningandImportingaVirtualMachineorSystemImageonpage 108
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Physicalmachines:
WindowsNTSP6+(withInternetExplorer5orhigher)
Windows2000
Windows200332bitand64bit
WindowsXPProfessional32bitand64bit
NOTETheVMwareConverterImportwizardincludedwithWorkstationdoesnot
convertWindowsVistaphysicalmachinestovirtualmachines.Italsodoesnot
supportconvertingWindowsVistaimages.
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VMwarevirtualmachines(.vmxand.vmtnfiles):
Workstation4.x,5.x,and6.x
VMwarePlayer1.xand2.x
ESXServer3.x
ESXServer2.5.x(ifthevirtualmachineismanagedwithVirtualCenter2.x)
GSXServer3.x
VMwareServer1.x
VirtualCenter2.x
Virtualmachinesmustbepoweredoffbeforeyouattemptthemigrationprocess.
Suspendedvirtualmachinescannotbemigrated.
Othervirtualmachinesandsystemimages:
StorageCraftimages(.spffiles)
MicrosoftVirtualPC7.xandhigher(.vmcfiles)
AnyversionofMicrosoftVirtualServer(.vmcfiles)
SymantecBackupExecSystemRecoveryformerlyLiveStateRecovery
(.sv2ifiles)
NortonGhostimages9.xandhigher(.sv2ifiles)
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Supported Destinations
TheConverterImportwizardcanoutputvirtualmachinesthatarecompatiblewith:
Workstation4.x,5.x,and6.x
VMwarePlayer1.xand2.x
ESXServer3.x(Thisdestinationisnotsupportedifyouareimportingaremote
physicalmachineunlessyoualsohaveaVMwareConverterEnterpriselicense
installedonthehost.)
ESXServer2.5.x(Thisdestinationissupportedonlybyimportingthrougha
VirtualCenter2.xserverthatmanagesthe2.5.xESXServer.)
GSXServer3.x
VMwareServer1.x
VirtualCenter2.x
NOTEWorkstation4virtualmachinesarecompatiblewithVMwareGSXServer3.0,
ESXServer2.x,andACE1.x.
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NameoftheVirtualCenterserverandtheusernameandpasswordforloggingin.
NameofthefolderintheVirtualCenterinventorywhereyouwanttostorethe
virtualmachine.
Nameofthehost,cluster,orresourcepoolwithinahostorclusterfromwhichto
runthevirtualmachine.Ifyouselectaclusterinmanualmode,youwillalsoneed
tochooseaspecifichost.
Nameofthedatastoreforthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfilesanddisks.Use
theadvancedsettingifyouwanttodistributethevirtualmachinesdisksover
multipledatastores.
Network Adapters
Youarepromptedtochoosefromtheavailablenetworksatthedestinationlocation.If
youarecreatingavirtualmachinetousewithWorkstationratherthanESXorVirtual
Center,youcanfindmoreinformationaboutWorkstationnetworkingchoicesin
Chapter 13,ConfiguringaVirtualNetwork,onpage 273.
Computerinformation
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ComputernameAlphanumericnameofupto63characters.Hyphensand
underscoresareallowed.
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SecurityID(SID)Optionally,generateanewsecurityID.
LocationofSysprepfilesIfthewizardcandetectthelocation,thewizard
pagedisplaysit.Otherwise,youneedtosupplythelocation.
Windowslicensinginformation
ProductIDLeavethisblankifyoulike.
WindowsServerlicenseinformationForMicrosoftWindows2000Server
and2003Serveronly.
Timezone
Networkinformation
Networkadapter(interfaces)Youcanmakechangeshere.Or,ifmorethan
onenetworkadapterhasbeenmodified,resetthemtothedefault.
DHCPChoosebetweenusingDHCPtoobtainIPaddressesorenteringthem
manually.YoucanalsouseDHCPtoobtainaDNSserveraddressorenterit
manually.
DNSEnterDNSsuffixesandcustomizetheirordertospecifytheorderin
whichavirtualmachineshouldusethemtomakeconnections.
WINSSpecifyprimaryandsecondaryWINSaddresses.
WorkgroupordomainForworkgroups,specifytheworkgroupname(upto
15characters).Fordomains,specifytheWindowsServerdomain,alongwith
theappropriateusernameandpassword.
Operatingsystemconfiguration(computername,securityID,useraccounts,
profilesandpreferences,andsoforth).
Applicationsanddatafiles.
Eachdiskpartitionsvolumeserialnumber.
Becausethetargetandthesourcevirtualmachinesorsystemimageshavethesame
identities(name,SID,andsoon),runningbothonthesamenetworkcanresultin
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conflicts.Ifyouareplanningtoredeploythesourcevirtualmachineorsystemimage,
beawareofthisissueanddonotrunboththesourceandtargetimagesorvirtual
machinesonthesamenetworkatthesametime.
Alternatively,youcanresolvetheduplicateIDproblembyusingadditionaltools,such
astheWindows2000SystemPreparationTool(Sysprep).Forexample,ifyouusethe
ConverterImporttotesttheviabilityofrunningaVirtual PCvirtualmachineasa
VMwarevirtualmachinewithoutfirstdecommissioningtheoriginalVirtual PC
machine,youneedtoresolvetheduplicateIDproblem.
TheCPUmodelandserialnumbers(ifactivated)canbedifferentafterthe
migration.TheycorrespondtothephysicalcomputerhostingtheVMwarevirtual
machine.
TheEthernetadaptercanbedifferent(AMDPCNetorVMXnet)withadifferent
MACaddress.EachinterfacesIPaddressmustbeindividuallyreconfigured.
Thegraphicscardcanbedifferent(VMwareSVGAcard).
Thenumbersofdisksandpartitionsarethesame,buteachdiskdevicecanhavea
differentmodelanddifferentmanufacturerstrings.
Theprimarydiskcontrollerscanbedifferentfromthesourcemachines
controllers.
Applicationsmightnotworkiftheydependondevicesthatarenotavailablefrom
withinavirtualmachine.
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FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseFile>Open.
IntheFilenamefield,browsetoandopentheconfiguration(.vmx,.vmc,.spf,or
.sv2i)fileforthevirtualmachineorsystemimagetoconvert.
YoucanusethefieldFilesoftypetofilterthefilesdisplayedbyfileextension.
ClickOpen.
WorkstationcreatesaVMwarevirtualmachine,withaVMwareconfigurationfile
(.vmx)fortheconvertedvirtualmachineorsystemimage.Theconvertedvirtual
machinelinkstothevirtualdisksoftheoriginalvirtualmachineorsystemimage.
TheoriginalVirtualPC,SymantecBackupExecSystemRecovery,orStorageCraft
configuration(.vmc,.spf,or.sv2i)fileisunchanged.
Ifyouattempttoopenavirtualmachineorsystemimagethatis
passwordprotected,youwillbepromptedtousetheConverterImportwizard.
GathertheinformationyouneedtocompletetheConverterImportwizard:
Foralistoftheinformationyouwillneedwhenyouselectasource,see
RequiredInformationWhenImportingfromVariousSourceTypeson
page 103.
Foralistoftheinformationyouwillneedwhenyouspecifyadestination,see
RequiredInformationWhenDesignatingaDestinationfortheVirtual
Machineonpage 106.
Ifyouareimportingavirtualmachine,makesurethevirtualmachineispowered
off.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseFile>ImporttolaunchtheVMware
ConverterImportwizard.
Completethewizardpages.
Asyouproceedthroughthewizard,thenavigationpane,whichisontheleftside
ofthewizard,helpsyoukeeptrackofwhereyouareintheprocess.
Wheneveryougettoanewphaseorstep,alistexpandstodisplaythenamesof
thewizardpagesincludedinthatstep.Whenyoucompleteanentirestep,thenext
stepexpands.
Ifyouwanttogobacktoapreviouspage,youcanclickitsnameinthenavigation
pane.
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File Name
Description
<vmname>.log
KeepsalogofkeyVMwareWorkstationactivity.
Thisfileisusefulintroubleshooting.Thisfileis
storedinthedirectorythatholdstheconfiguration
(.vmx)fileofthevirtualmachine.
or
vmware.log
.nvram
<vmname>.nvram
StoresthestateofthevirtualmachinesBIOS.
or
nvram
.vmdk
<vmname>.vmdk
Virtualdiskfile,whichstoresthecontentsofthe
virtualmachinesharddiskdrive.
Avirtualdiskismadeupofoneormore.vmdkfiles.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditorshowsthename
ofthefirstfileinthesettheonethatcontains
pointerstotheotherfilesintheset.
(Ifyouspecifythatallspaceshouldbeallocated
whenyoucreatethedisk,thesefilesstartatthe
maximumsizeanddonotgrow.)Almostallofa
.vmdkfilescontentisthevirtualmachinesdata,
withasmallportionallottedtovirtualmachine
overhead.
Ifthevirtualmachineisconnecteddirectlytoa
physicaldisk,the.vmdkfilestoresinformationabout
thepartitionsthevirtualmachineisallowedto
access.
EarlierVMwareproductsusedtheextension.dsk
forvirtualdiskfiles.
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File Name
Description
.vmdk
Continued
<vmname>-s<###>.vmdk
Ifyouspecifiedthatthefilescangrow,thefilenames
haveansinthefilenumber(forexample,Windows
XP Professional-s001.vmdk.)
Ifyouspecifiedthatthevirtualdiskshouldbesplit
into2GBchunks,thenumberof.vmdkfilesdepends
onthesizeofthevirtualdisk.Asdataisaddedtoa
virtualdisk,the.vmdk filesgrow,toamaximumof
2GBeach.
<vmname>-f<###>.vmdk
Ifthediskspaceisallocatedinadvance,thenames
aresimilar,exceptthattheyincludeanfinsteadof
ans(forexample,Windows XP
Professional-f001.vmdk).
<diskname>-<###>.vmdk
Aredologfile,createdwhenavirtualmachinehas
oneormoresnapshots.Thisfilestoreschangesmade
toavirtualdiskwhilethevirtualmachineisrunning.
Theremightbemorethanonesuchfile.The###
indicatesauniquesuffixaddedbyVMware
Workstationtoavoidduplicatefilenames.
<uuid>.vmem
Thevirtualmachinespagingfile,whichbacksupthe
guestmainmemoryonthehostfilesystem.Thisfile
existsonlywhenthevirtualmachineisrunningorif
thevirtualmachinehascrashed.
<snapshot_name_number>.vmem
Eachsnapshotofavirtualmachinethatispowered
onhasanassociated.vmemfile,whichcontainsthe
guestsmainmemory,savedaspartofthesnapshot.
.vmsd
<vmname>.vmsd
Acentralizedfileforstoringinformationand
metadataaboutsnapshots.
.vmsn
<vmname>-Snapshot.vmsn
Thesnapshotstatefile,whichstorestherunning
stateofavirtualmachineatthetimeyoutakethat
snapshot.
<vmname>-Snapshot<###>.vmsn
Thefilethatstoresthestateofasnapshot.
<vmname>.vmss
Thesuspendedstatefile,whichstoresthestateofa
suspendedvirtualmachine.
.vmem
.vmss
SomeearlierVMwareproductsusedtheextension
.stdforsuspendedstatefiles.
.vmtm
VMware, Inc.
<vmname>.vmtm
Theconfigurationfilecontainingteamdata.
111
File Name
Description
.vmx
<vmname>.vmx
Theprimaryconfigurationfile,whichstoressettings
chosenintheNewVirtualMachinewizardorvirtual
machinesettingseditor.Ifyoucreatedthevirtual
machineunderanearlierversionofVMware
WorkstationonaLinuxhost,thisfilemighthavea
.cfgextension.
.vmxf
<vmname>.vmxf
Asupplementalconfigurationfileforvirtual
machinesthatareinateam.Notethatthe.vmxffile
remainsifavirtualmachineisremovedfromthe
team.
Therecanbeotherfilesinthedirectory,someofwhicharepresentonlywhileavirtual
machineisrunning.Forexample,seeLockFilesonpage 198.
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VMware, Inc.
Thischapterdiscusseshowtoinstall,upgrade,andrunVMwareTools.Thischapter
containsthefollowingsections:
AboutVMwareToolsonpage 113
InstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 115
UninstallingVMwareToolsorChangingWhichModulesAreInstalledon
page 134
VMwareToolsConfigurationOptionsonpage 134
CustomizationstoVMwareToolsonpage 141
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113
WhenyouinstallVMwareTools,youinstall:
VMwareToolsservice.TheprogramfileiscalledVMwareService.exeon
Windowsguestsandvmware-guestdonLinux,FreeBSD,andSolarisguests.
Thisserviceperformsvariousdutieswithintheguestoperatingsystem:
Passesmessagesfromthehostoperatingsystemtotheguestoperating
system.
Executescommandsintheoperatingsystemtocleanlyshutdownorrestarta
Linux,FreeBSD,orSolarissystemwhenyouselectpoweroperationsin
Workstation.
SendsaheartbeattoaVMwareServer,ifyouusethevirtualmachinewith
VMwareServer.
OnWindowsguests,grabsandreleasesthemousecursor.
OnWindowsguests,fitstheguestsscreenresolutiontothehostsandvice
versa.
Synchronizesthetimeintheguestoperatingsystemwiththetimeinthehost
operatingsystem.
Runsscriptsthathelpautomateguestoperatingsystemoperations.The
scriptsrunwhenthevirtualmachinespowerstatechanges.
Theservicestartswhentheguestoperatingsystemboots.
NOTETheVMwareToolsserviceisnotinstalledonNetWareoperatingsystems.
Instead,thevmwtoolprogramisinstalled.Itsynchronizestimeandallowsyouto
turntheCPUidleronoroff.SeeUsingtheSystemConsoletoConfigureVMware
ToolsinaNetWareGuestOperatingSystemonpage 139.
114
AsetofVMwaredevicedrivers.Thesedriversinclude:
SVGAdisplaydriverthatprovideshighdisplayresolutionandsignificantly
fasteroverallgraphicsperformance.
Thevmxnetnetworkingdriverforsomeguestoperatingsystems.
BusLogicSCSIdriverforsomeguestoperatingsystems.
VMwaremousedriver.
Akernelmoduleforhandlingsharedfolders,calledhgfs.sysonWindows
andvmhgfsonLinuxandSolaris.
VMware, Inc.
VMwareuserprocess.TheprogramfileiscalledVMwareUser.exeonWindows
guestsandvmware-useronLinuxandSolarisguests.
Thisserviceperformsthefollowingtaskswithintheguestoperatingsystem:
Enablesyoutocopyandpastetextbetweentheguestandhostoperating
systems,andcopyandpastefilesbetweenthehostoperatingsystemsand
Windows,Linux,andSolarisguestoperatingsystems.
Enablesyoutodraganddropfilesbetweenthehostoperatingsystemsand
Windows,Linux,andSolarisguestoperatingsystems.
OnLinuxandSolarisguests,grabsandreleasesthemousecursorwhenthe
SVGAdriverisnotinstalled.
OnLinuxandSolarisguests,fitstheguestsscreenresolutiontothehosts.
NOTETheVMwareToolsuserprocessisnotinstalledonNetWareoperating
systems.Instead,thevmwtoolprogramisinstalled.Itcontrolsthegrabbingand
releasingofthemousecursor.Italsoallowsyoucopyandpastetext.Youcannot
draganddroporcopyandpastefilesbetweenhostsandNetWareguestoperating
systems.
VMwareToolscontrolpanel.TheToolscontrolpanelletsyoumodifysettings,
shrinkvirtualdisks,andconnectanddisconnectvirtualdevices.
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ForinformationaboutinstallingVMwareTools,seetheappropriatesection:
InstallingVMwareToolsonaWindowsGuestonpage 118
InstallingVMwareToolsonaLinuxGuestonpage 125
InstallingVMwareToolsinaSolarisGuestonpage 129
InstallingVMwareToolsinaFreeBSDGuestonpage 130
InstallingVMwareToolsinaNetWareVirtualMachineonpage 132
OnWindowsandLinuxguestsystems,youcansetVMwareToolstoupdateitself
whenthevirtualmachineispoweredon.Inthiscase,thestatusbardisplaysthe
message,InstallingVMwareTools...whenanupgradeisinprogress.Afterthe
upgradeiscomplete,ifyouareloggedintoaWindowsguest,arestartprompt
appearsfor30seconds.Ifyouarenotloggedin,theoperatingsystemrestarts
withoutprompting.
AutomaticupgradesworkforversionsofVMwareToolsincludedinWorkstation
5.5andabove(build29772andabove).Automaticupgradesdonotworkfor
versionsofVMwareToolsincludedinvirtualmachinescreatedwithVMware
Server1.x.
NOTEAnautoupgradecheckisperformedaspartofthebootsequencewhenyou
poweronavirtualmachine.Ifthevirtualmachinewassuspendedandyouresume
itorrestoreittoasnapshotduringthebootsequencebeforethischeckoccurs,the
automaticupgradewilloccurasplanned.
If,however,youresumethevirtualmachineorrestoreittoasnapshotafterthe
autoupgradecheckoccurs,theautomaticupgradewillnotoccur.
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VMware, Inc.
Youcanspecifythatnoautomaticupdateshouldoccur.Inthiscase,thestatusbar
displaysamessagewhenanewversionisavailable.Toinstalltheupdate,usethe
sameprocedurethatyouusedforinstallingVMwareToolsthefirsttime.Forthe
platformspecificinstallationprocedure,seeInstallingVMwareToolsona
WindowsGuestonpage 118orInstallingVMwareToolsonaLinuxGueston
page 125.
NOTEOnWindows,youcanalternativelyopentheVMwareToolscontrolpanel
(doubleclicktheVMwareToolsiconinthenotificationareaofthetaskbar),and
ontheOptionstab,clickUpgrade.
Thedefaultpolicyistonotperformtheupgradeautomatically.Thefollowing
proceduresdescribehowtosetautoupgradeoptionsonapervirtualmachinebasis
andanaglobalbasis,forallvirtualmachinesconfiguredtousetheglobalsetting.
To use global settings for upgrading VMware Tools automatically
1
StartWorkstation.IfyouuseaUNIXhost,becomeroot(su -)andthenstart
Workstation.
OnUNIXsystems,nonrootusersarenotallowedtomodifythepreferencesetting
forVMwareToolsupgrades.
FromtheVMwareWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferencesandclickthe
Toolstab.
SpecifywhichupdatepolicyyouwanttouseandclickOK.
Ifyouneedmoreinformationabouttheoptions,clickHelptodisplaytheonline
helpforthisdialogbox.
NOTETheautomaticupgradefeatureisavailableonlyforWindowsandLinux
guestoperatingsystems.
Foreachofyourvirtualmachines,dothefollowing:
a
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
VMware, Inc.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectTools.
SelectUseglobalsettingsfromEdit>Preferences>ToolsandclickOK.
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Selectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectTools.
SelecttheupdateoptionyouwanttouseandclickOK.
Formoreinformationabouttheoptions,clickHelptodisplaytheonlinehelp.
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VMware, Inc.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
Whentheguestoperatingsystemstarts,chooseVM>InstallVMwareTools.
Theremainingstepstakeplaceinsidethevirtualmachine.
LogintoaWindowsNT,Windows2000,WindowsXP,WindowsServer2003,or
WindowsVistaguestoperatingsystemasanadministratortoinstallVMware
Tools.
AnyusercaninstallVMwareToolsinaWindows95,Windows98,orWindowsMe
guestoperatingsystem.
Ifyouhaveautorunenabledinyourguestoperatingsystem(thedefaultsettingfor
Windowsoperatingsystems),adialogboxappearsafterafewseconds.Itasksif
youwanttoinstallVMwareTools.
Ifautorunisnotenabled,thedialogboxdoesnotappearautomatically.Ifitdoesnt
appear,runtheVMwareToolsinstaller.ClickStart>Runandenter
D:\setup\setup.exewhereD:isyourfirstvirtualCDROMdrive.
ClickYestolaunchtheInstallShieldwizard.
Followtheonscreeninstructions:
OnWindowsServer2003,WindowsMe,Windows98SE,andWindows98
guests,theSVGAdriverisinstalled,andtheguestoperatingsystemusesit
afteritreboots.
WithWindows2000andWindowsXPguests,youdonothavetoreboottouse
thenewdriver.
StarttheVMwareToolscontrolpanelandconfigureVMwareTools,asdescribed
inVMwareToolsConfigurationOptionsonpage 134.
YoucanaccessVMwareToolsthroughtheWindowsControlPanel(choose
Start>Settings>ControlPanel>VMwareTools)orbydoubleclickingor
rightclickingtheVMwareToolsicon,whichappearsbydefaultinthenotification
areaofthetaskbar.
119
Seethefollowingstepsthatcorrespondtoyourguestoperatingsystem.
To migrate from Windows NT guest operating systems
1
AfterinstallingVMwareTools,clickFinish.
TheDisplayPropertiesdialogboxappears.
ClicktheDisplayTypebutton.
TheDisplayTypedialogboxappears.
ClicktheChangebutton.
TheChangeDisplaydialogboxappears.
SelectVMware,Inc.fromtheManufacturerlist.
SelectVMwareSVGAasthedisplayadapterandclickOK.
ClickYesinresponsetotheonscreenquestionaboutthirdpartydriverstoinstall
thedriverandclickOKtoconfirmthedriverswereinstalled.
ClickClosefromtheDisplayTypedialogboxandclickClosefromtheDisplay
Propertiesdialogbox.
ClickYestorestartWindowsNTandstartusingthenewvideodriver.
TheVMwareToolsbackgroundapplicationislaunchedwhenyourebootyour
virtualmachine.
AfterinstallingVMwareTools,clickFinish.
TheDisplaySettingsdialogboxappears.
ClicktheAdvancedbutton.
ClicktheAdaptertab.
ClicktheChangebutton,andaftertheUpdateDeviceDriverwizardstarts,click
Next.
ChoosetheoptionSpecifythelocationofthedriverandclickNext.
ChecktheSpecifyalocationcheckboxandenterthefollowingpath:
D:\video\win9x
D:isthedriveletterforthefirstvirtualCDROMdriveinyourvirtualmachine.
7
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ClickOK.WindowsMelocatesyourdriver.
VMware, Inc.
SelecttheVMwareSVGAIIdisplayadapterandclickNext.
ClickNexttoinstallthedriver.
IfyouareupgradingavirtualmachinecreatedunderVMwareGSXServer2,you
mightseeadialogboxthatwarns,Thedriveryouareinstallingisnotspecifically
designedforthehardwareyouhave.Doyouwishtocontinue?ClickYes.
10
Afterthedriverisinstalled,clickFinish.
11
ClickYestorestartWindowsMeandstartusingthenewvideodriver.
TheVMwareToolsbackgroundapplicationstartswhenyourebootyourvirtual
machine.
AfterinstallingVMwareTools,clickFinish.
TheDisplaySettingsdialogboxappears.
ClicktheAdvancedbutton.
TheStandardDisplayAdapter(VGA)Propertiesdialogboxappears.
IfyouareupgradingfromapreviousversionoftheVMwaredrivers,thisdialog
boxistitledVMwareSVGAProperties.
ClicktheAdaptertab.
ClicktheChangebutton,andaftertheUpdateDeviceDriverwizardstarts,click
Next.
ChoosetheoptionDisplayalistofalldriversinaspecificlocationandclickNext.
SelectHaveDisk.
TheInstallFromDiskdialogboxappears.
Enterthefollowingpath:
D:\video\win9x
D:isthedriveletterforthefirstvirtualCDROMdriveinyourvirtualmachine.
8
ClickOK.
SelectVMwareSVGAdisplayadapterandclickOK.
10
AnswerYestotheonscreenquestionandclickNexttoinstallthedriver.
11
Afterthedriverisinstalled,clickFinish.
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12
ClickCloseintheSVGAPropertiesdialogboxandclickCloseintheDisplay
Settingsdialogbox.
13
ClickYestorestartWindows98andstartusingthenewvideodriver.
TheVMwareToolsbackgroundapplicationstartswhenyourebootyourvirtual
machine.
AfterinstallingVMwareTools,clickFinish.
TheDisplaySettingsdialogboxappears.
ClicktheAdvancedPropertiesbutton.
TheAdvancedDisplayPropertiesdialogboxappears.
ClicktheChangebutton.
TheSelectDevicedialogboxappears.
SelectHaveDisk.
EnterthefollowingpathandclickOK:
D:\video\win9x
D:isthedriveletterforthefirstvirtualCDROMdriveinyourvirtualmachine.
6
ClickOKagaintoinstallthedriver.
ClickClosefromtheAdvancedDisplayPropertiesdialogboxandclickClosefrom
theDisplaySettingdialogbox.
ClickYestorestartWindows95andstartusingthenewvideodriver.
TheVMwareToolsbackgroundapplicationstartswhenyourebootyourvirtual
machine.
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VMware, Inc.
MakesuretheguestoperatingsysteminwhichyouareinstallingVMwareTools
hastheMicrosoftWindowsInstallerruntimeengineversion2.0orhigherinstalled.
Version2.0orhigherisincludedwithnewerversionsofWindows.Ifyouare
installingVMwareToolsinolderWindowsguestoperatingsystems,checkthe
versionofthisfile:
%WINDIR%\system32\msiexec.exe
Ifyouneedtoupgradetheengine,runinstmsiw.exe(instmsia.exefor
Windows95orWindows98guests),whichisincludedwiththeVMwareTools
installer.
FormoreinformationonusingtheMicrosoftWindowsInstaller:
msdn.microsoft.com/library/default.asp?url=/library/enus/msi/setup/about_win
dows_installer.asp.
MakesurethevirtualmachinesCDROMdriveisconfiguredtoconnecttothe
VMwareToolsISOimagewhenyoupoweronthevirtualmachine:
a
SelectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM>Settings>Hardware>CDROM.
IntheDevicestatussection,selecttheConnectatPowerOncheckbox.
IntheConnectionsection,selectUseISOimageandbrowsetothe
windows.isofile,locatedinthedirectorywhereyouinstalledWorkstation.
ClickOK.
Intheguestoperatingsystem,ifnecessary,suppresspromptsaboutinstalling
unsigneddrivers.
ThedriversinstalledbyVMwareToolsarenotsignedbyMicrosoft.Whenyou
installVMwareTools,youareaskedtoconfirmtheinstallationofthesedrivers.
ForallWindowssystemsexceptWindowsVista:
VMware, Inc.
OnthevirtualmachinesdesktoporStartmenu,rightclickMyComputer,
andchooseProperties.
ClicktheHardwaretabandclickDriverSigning.TheDriverSigningdialog
boxappears.
ClickIgnoreandclickOKtwice.
123
ForWindowsVista:
OntheStartmenu,rightclickComputer,andchooseProperties.
ClickAdvancedsystemsettings>Hardware>WindowsUpdatedriver
settings.
ClickNevercheckfordriverswhenIconnectanewdeviceandclickOK
twice.
Runthesilentinstallationontheextractedinstallationpackages.
Atthecommandprompt,ifyouwanttoinstallalltheVMwareToolscomponents
type:
msiexec -i "D:\VMware Tools.msi" ADDLOCAL=ALL /qn
YoucancustomizetheinstallationcommandbyusingstandardMicrosoft
WindowsInstallerinstallationoptions.IfyoudonotwanttoinstallalltheVMware
Toolscomponents,usethefollowinglisttodeterminewhichcomponentstoinstall:
ToolboxVMwareToolscontrolpanelanditsutilities.Excludingthisfeature
preventsyoufromusingVMwareToolsintheguestoperatingsystem,andis
notrecommended.
DriversIncludestheSVGA,mouse,BusLogic,andvmxnetdrivers.
SVGAVMwareSVGAdriver.Excludingthisfeaturelimitsthedisplay
capabilitiesofyourvirtualmachine.
MouseVMwaremousedriver.Excludingthisfeaturedecreasesmouse
performanceinyourvirtualmachine.
BuslogicVMwareBusLogicdriver.Ifyourvirtualmachineis
configuredtousetheLSILogicdriver,youmightwanttoremovethis
feature.
VMXNetVMwarevmxnetnetworkingdriver.
MemCtlVMwarememorycontroldriver.Recommendedifyouplantouse
thisvirtualmachinewithVMwareESXServer.Excludingthisfeaturehinders
thememorymanagementcapabilitiesofthevirtualmachinerunningonan
VMwareESXServersystem.
HgfsVMwaresharedfoldersdriver.Recommendedifyouplantousethis
virtualmachinewithVMwareWorkstation.Excludingthisfeatureprevents
youfromsharingafolderbetweenyourvirtualmachineandtheWorkstation
host.
Toincludeafeature,useitwiththeADDLOCALoption.
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VMware, Inc.
Toexcludeafeature,useitwiththeREMOVEoption.
Forexample,toinstalleverythingbutthesharedfoldersdriver,typethefollowing
onthecommandline:
msiexec -i "D:\VMware Tools.msi" ADDLOCAL=ALL REMOVE=Hgfs /qn
TheSVGA,Mouse,BusLogic,vmxnet,andMemCtlfeaturesarechildrenofthe
Driversfeature.Thus,onthecommandline,ifyoutype:
msiexec -i "D:\VMware Tools.msi" ADDLOCAL=ALL REMOVE=Drivers /qn
youalsoskipinstallationoftheSVGA,Mouse,BusLogic,vmxnet,andMemCtl
drivers.
InstallingVMwareToolsWithinXonpage 125
InstallingVMwareToolsfromtheCommandLinewiththeTarorRPMInstaller
onpage 127
Poweronthevirtualmachine,andaftertheguestsystemhasstarted,choose
VM>Install VMwareTools.
TheguestoperatingsystemmountstheVMwareToolsinstallationvirtualCD.A
windowmanagermightappear,displayingtwofiles,onefortheRPMinstallerand
oneforthetarinstaller.Alternatively,aVMwareToolsCDiconmightappearon
thedesktop.
Dooneofthefollowing:
IfyouseeaVMwareToolsCDicononthedesktop,doubleclickit,andafter
itopens,doubleclicktheRPMinstallerintherootoftheCDROM.
Ifyouseeafilemanagerwindow,doubleclicktheRPMinstallerfile.
InsomeLinuxdistributions,theVMwareToolsCDiconmightfailtoappear.In
thiscase,continueinstallingVMwareToolsasdescribedinInstallingVMware
ToolsfromtheCommandLinewiththeTarorRPMInstalleronpage 127.
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125
Whenprompted,entertherootpasswordandclickOK.
Theinstallerpreparesthepackages.
ClickContinuewhentheinstallerpresentsadialogboxthatshowsCompleted
SystemPreparation.
Adialogboxappearswithaprogressbar.Whentheinstallerisdone,VMware
Toolsisinstalled.Thereisnoconfirmationorfinishbutton.
InanXterminal,asroot(su -),runthefollowingfiletoconfigureVMwareTools:
vmware-config-tools.pl
Respondtothequestionstheinstallerdisplaysonthescreen.PressEntertoaccept
thedefaultvalue.
6
Whendone,exitfromtherootaccount:
exit
InanXterminal,launchtheVMwareToolscontrolpanel:
vmware-toolbox &
ForinformationaboutusingthiscontrolpaneltoconfigureVMwareTools,see
VMwareToolsConfigurationOptionsonpage 134.
NOTEYoucanrunVMwareToolsasrootorasanormaluser.Toshrinkvirtual
disksortochangeanyVMwareToolsscripts,youmustrunVMwareToolsasroot
(su -).
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VMware, Inc.
Installing VMware Tools from the Command Line with the Tar or RPM
Installer
Thefirststepisperformedonthehost,withinWorkstationmenus,andtheremaining
stepsareperformedinsidethevirtualmachine.
To install VMware Tools with the tar installer or RPM installer
1
Poweronthevirtualmachine,andaftertheguestsystemhasstarted,choose
VM>InstallVMwareTools.
Theremainingstepstakeplaceinsidethevirtualmachine.
Asroot(su -),mounttheVMwareToolsvirtualCDROMimageandchangetoa
workingdirectory(forexample,/tmp),asfollows.
NOTESomeLinuxdistributionsautomaticallymountCDROMs.Ifyour
distributionusesautomounting,donotusethemountandumountcommands
describedinthisprocedure.YoustillmustuntartheVMwareToolsinstallerto
/tmp.
SomeLinuxdistributionsusedifferentdevicenamesororganizethe/dev
directorydifferently.IfyourCDROMdriveisnot/dev/cdromorifthemount
pointforaCDROMisnot/mnt/cdrom,youmustmodifythefollowing
commandstoreflecttheconventionsusedbyyourdistribution:
mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
cd /tmp
NOTEIfyouhaveapreviousinstallation,deletetheprevious
vmware-tools-distribdirectorybeforeinstalling.Thelocationofthisdirectory
dependsonwhereyouplaceditwhenyoudidthepreviousinstallation.Oftenitis
placedin:
/tmp/vmware-tools-distrib
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127
UncompresstheinstallerandunmounttheCDROMimage.
DependingonwhetheryouareusingthetarinstallerortheRPMinstaller,doone
ofthefollowing:
Forthetarinstaller,atthecommandprompt,enter:
tar zxpf /mnt/cdrom/VMwareTools-5.0.0-<xxxx>.tar.gz
umount /dev/cdrom
FortheRPMinstaller,atthecommandprompt,enter:
rpm -Uhv /mnt/cdrom/VMwareTools-5.0.0-<xxxx>.i386.rpm
umount /dev/cdrom
DependingonwhetheryouareusingthetarinstallerortheRPMinstaller,doone
ofthefollowing:
Forthetarinstaller,runtheVMwareToolstarinstaller:
cd vmware-tools-distrib
./vmware-install.pl
Respondtotheconfigurationquestionsonthescreen.PressEntertoacceptthe
defaultvalue.
FortheRPMinstaller,configureVMwareTools:
vmware-config-tools.pl
Respondtothequestionstheinstallerdisplaysonthescreen.PressEnterto
acceptthedefaultvalue.
5
Logofftherootaccount.
exit
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StartXandyourgraphicalenvironment.
VMware, Inc.
InanXterminal,launchtheVMwareToolscontrolpanel:
vmware-toolbox &
ForinformationaboutusingthiscontrolpaneltoconfigureVMwareTools,see
VMwareToolsConfigurationOptionsonpage 134.
NOTEYoucanrunVMwareToolsasrootorasanormaluser.Toshrinkvirtual
disksortochangeanyVMwareToolsscripts,youmustrunVMwareToolsasroot
(su -).
Poweronthevirtualmachine,andaftertheguestsystemhasstarted,choose
VM>InstallVMwareTools.
Theremainingstepstakeplaceinsidethevirtualmachine.
Loginasroot(su -)and,ifnecessary,mounttheVMwareToolsvirtualCDROM
image,asfollows.
Usually,theSolarisvolumemanagervoldmountstheCDROMunder
/cdrom/vmwaretools.IftheCDROMisnotmounted,restartthevolume
managerusingthefollowingcommands:
/etc/init.d/volmgt stop
/etc/init.d/volmgt start
AftertheCDROMismounted,changetoaworkingdirectory(forexample,/tmp)
andextractVMwareTools,asfollows:
cd /tmp
gunzip -c /cdrom/vmwaretools/vmware-solaris-tools.tar.gz | tar xf -
RuntheVMwareToolstarinstaller:
cd vmware-tools-distrib
./vmware-install.pl
Respondtotheconfigurationquestionsonthescreen.PressEntertoacceptthe
defaultvalue.
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129
Logoffoftherootaccount.
exit
StartXandyourgraphicalenvironment.
InanXterminal,launchtheVMwareToolscontrolpanel:
vmware-toolbox &
ForinformationaboutusingthiscontrolpaneltoconfigureVMwareTools,see
VMwareToolsConfigurationOptionsonpage 134.
NOTEYoucanrunVMwareToolsasrootorasanormaluser.Toshrinkvirtual
disksorchangeVMwareToolsscripts,youmustrunVMwareToolsasroot(su -).
Poweronthevirtualmachine,andaftertheguestsystemhasstarted,choose
VM>InstallVMwareTools.
Theremainingstepstakeplaceinsidethevirtualmachine.
Besuretheguestoperatingsystemisrunningintextmode.
YoucannotinstallVMwareToolswhileXisrunning.
Asroot(su -),mounttheVMwareToolsvirtualCDROMimage,changetoa
workingdirectory(forexample,/tmp),uncompresstheinstaller,andunmountthe
CDROMimage.
SomeFreeBSDdistributionsautomaticallymountCDROMs.Ifyourdistribution
usesautomounting,donotusethemountandumountcommandsbelow.Youstill
mustuntartheVMwareToolsinstallerto/tmp.
mount /cdrom
cd /tmp
UntartheVMwareToolstarfile:
tar zxpf /cdrom/vmware-freebsd-tools.tar.gz
umount /cdrom
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VMware, Inc.
RuntheVMwareToolsinstaller:
cd vmware-tools-distrib
./vmware-install.pl
Logoutoftherootaccount.
exit
StartXandyourgraphicalenvironment
InanXterminal,launchtheVMwareToolscontrolpanel:
vmware-toolbox &
ForinformationaboutusingthiscontrolpaneltoconfigureVMwareTools,see
VMwareToolsConfigurationOptionsonpage 134.
NOTEYoucanrunVMwareToolsasrootorasanormaluser.Toshrinkvirtual
disksorchangeVMwareToolsscripts,youmustrunVMwareToolsasroot(su -).
InaFreeBSD4.5guestoperatingsystem,sometimesVMwareToolsdoesnotstartafter
youinstallVMwareTools.Inthiscase,reboottheguestoperatingsystemorstart
VMwareToolsonthecommandlineintheguest.Anerrormessageappears:
Shared object 'libc.so.3' not found.
Therequiredlibrarywasnotinstalled.Thisdoesnothappenwithfullinstallationsof
FreeBSD4.5,butdoesoccurforminimalinstallations.Tofixtheproblemofthemissing
library:
1
InsertandmounttheFreeBSD4.5installationCDoraccesstheISOimagefile.
Changedirectoriesandruntheinstallationscript.
cd /cdrom/compat3x
./install.sh
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Poweronthevirtualmachine,andaftertheguestsystemhasstarted,choose
VM>InstallVMwareTools.
Theremainingstepstakeplaceinsidethevirtualmachine.
LoadtheCDROMdriversotheCDROMdevicemountstheISOimageasa
volume.
Dooneofthefollowing:
InthesystemconsoleforaNetWare6.5virtualmachine,enter:
LOAD CDDVD
InthesystemconsoleforaNetWare6.0orNetWare5.1virtualmachine,enter:
LOAD CD9660.NSS
InthesystemconsoleforaNetWare4.2virtualmachine,enter:
load cdrom
ThenmounttheVMwareToolsCDROMimagebyentering:
cd mount vmwtools
Whenthedriverfinishesloading,youcanbegininstallingVMwareTools,as
describedinthenextstep.
3
Inthesystemconsole,enteroneofthefollowing:
ForNetWare5.1,6.0,or6.5:
vmwtools:\setup.ncf
ForNetWare4.2:
vmwtools:\setup
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ForNetWare4.2only,bringtheguestoperatingsystemdown.
Inthesystemconsole,enter:
down
Torestarttheguestoperatingsystem,inthesystemconsole,enter:
restart server
AfteryouinstallVMwareTools,makesuretheVMwareToolsvirtualCDROMimage
(netware.iso)isnotattachedtothevirtualmachine.Ifitis,disconnectit.Rightclick
theCDROMiconinthestatusbaroftheconsolewindowandchooseDisconnect.
AddanXapplicationnametothe/etc/vmware-tools/xautostart.conffile.
Thevmware-guestdprogramlooksinthexautostart.conffile,andifany
applicationlistedthereisrunning,vmware-guestdtriestorunvmware-user.If
noneoftheapplicationslistedinthefileisrunninginX,findanapplicationon
yoursystemthatrunsonlywhenyouareloggedintoyourXsessionandadditto
thelist.
Addvmware-usertotheappropriateXstartupscript.
Thevmware-userprogramislocatedinthedirectorywhereyouselectedtoinstall
binaryprograms,whichdefaultsto/usr/bin.Whichstartupscriptyouneedto
modifydependsonyourparticularsystem.
Ifyoufindthatsomefeatures,suchascopyandpasteordraganddropdonot
work,usetheotherstrategyofaddinganXapplicationnametothe
/etc/vmware-tools/xautostart.conffile.
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OnaWindowsguest,usetheguestoperatingsystemsAdd/RemovePrograms
itemtoremoveVMwareTools.
OnaUNIXguest,logonasroot(su -)andentertheappropriatecommand:
Fromatarinstall,usethefollowingcommand:
vmware-uninstall-tools.pl
Alternatively,onLinuxfromanRPMinstall,usethefollowingcommand:
rpm -e VMwareTools
InWorkstation,selectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM>InstallVMwareTools.
ClickChangetorepairormodifywhichcomponentsofVMwareToolsare
installed.
Youmightneedtousethisbuttonif,afteraVMwareToolsupgrade,certain
featuressuchasenhancedfilesharingdonotseemtobeworking.Inthiscase,use
theModifyoptiontomakesurethatthecomponentsyouwantareinstalled.
Completetherestofthepagesofthewizard.
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UsingtheVMwareToolsControlPaneltoConfigureToolsonpage 135
UsingtheSystemConsoletoConfigureVMwareToolsinaNetWareGuest
OperatingSystemonpage 139
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OnWindowsguests,doubleclickVMwareToolsiconintheguestoperating
systemsnotificationarea.
OnWindowsVistaguests,youneedtobeloggedinasanAdministratoruserto
opentheVMwareToolscontrolpanel.
IftheVMwareToolsicondoesnotappearinthenotificationareaofthetaskbar,
gotoStart>ControlPanel.LocatetheVMwareToolsiconanddoubleclickitto
displaytheVMwareToolsPropertiesdialogbox.
OntheOptionstaboftheVMwareToolscontrolpanel,selectShowVMware
ToolsinthetaskbarandclickApply.
OnLinux,FreeBSD,andSolarisguests,openaterminalwindowandenterthe
command:
/usr/bin/vmware-toolbox &
OnNetWare,dooneofthefollowing:
InaNetWare5.1orhigherguest,chooseNovell>Settings>VMwareToolsfor
NetWare.
InaNetWare4.2guest,useVMwareToolscommandsinthesystemconsole.
TheVMwareToolsprogramiscalledvmwtool.Itsoptionsaredescribedin
UsingtheSystemConsoletoConfigureVMwareToolsinaNetWareGuest
OperatingSystemonpage 139.
TabsintheVMwareToolscontrolpanelaredescribedinthefollowingsections:
OptionsTabonpage 136
DevicesTabonpage 137
ScriptsTabonpage 137
SharedFoldersTab(WindowsGuestsOnly)onpage 139
ShrinkTabonpage 139
AboutTabonpage 139
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Options Tab
IntheOptionstab,youcansetthefollowingoptions:
Timesynchronizationbetweenthevirtualmachineandthehostoperating
systemYoucansynchronizethetimeintheguestoperatingsystemwiththetime
onthehostoperatingsystemonlywhenyousettheclockintheguestoperating
systemtoatimeearlierthanthetimesetonthehost.Forinformationabout
sychronizingtimewhentheguestissettoalatertimethanthehost,seeUsingthe
VMwareToolsCommandLineInterfaceonpage 146.
Undersomecircumstances,thevirtualmachinemightsynchronizetimewiththe
hosteventhoughthisitemisnotselected.Ifyouwanttodisabletime
synchronizationcompletely,poweroffthevirtualmachine,openthevirtual
machinesconfigurationfile(.vmx)inatexteditor,andsetthefollowingoptionsto
FALSE.
Table 6-1. Time Synchronization Options
Option name
tools.syncTime
Poweringonavirtualmachine.
time.synchronize.restore
Revertingtoasnapshot.
time.synchronize.resume.disk
Resumingasuspendedvirtualmachine.
time.synchronize.continue
Takingasnapshot.
time.synchronize.shrink
Shrinkingavirtualdisk.
YoucanalsousetheVMwareToolscommandlineinterfacetosettheseandother
timesynchronizationoptions.Ifyouusethiscommandlineinterface,youdonot
needtopoweroffthevirtualmachine.Formoreinformation,seeUsingthe
VMwareToolsCommandLineInterfaceonpage 146.
136
ShowVMwareToolsinthetaskbar(Windowsguestsonly)Selectthisoptionto
displaytheVMwareToolsiconinthetaskbar.
Notifyifupgradeisavailable(Windowsguestsonly)Selectthisoptionifyou
wanttheVMwareToolsicontoincludeayellowcautioniconwhenanupgradeis
available.
Upgradebutton(Windowsguestsonly)Thisbuttonbecomesenabledwhenan
upgradeisavailable.Clickingthisbuttonhasthesameeffectaschoosing
VM>InstallVMwareToolsfromtheWorkstationmenubar.
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Devices Tab
IntheDevicestab,youcanenableordisablethefollowingremovabledevicesby
selectingordeselectingthecorrespondingcheckboxes.Removabledevicesinclude
floppydrives,CDROMdrives,andUSBdevices,amongothers.Youcanalsoenableor
disableremovabledevicesinbychoosingVM>Removable Devicesfromthe
Workstationmenubar.
Scripts Tab
IfVMwareToolsisinstalledintheguestoperatingsystem,andifyouconfigurea
virtualmachinespowercontrolstousetheguestoptions,oneormoredefaultscripts
runontheguestwheneveryouchangethepowerstateofthevirtualmachine.
Forexample,ifyouusethevirtualmachinesettingseditor(choose
VM>Settings>Options>Power)andsetthePowerOffcontroltouseShutdownGuest,
thenthepoweroff-vm-defaultscriptrunswhenyouclickthePowerOffbuttonin
theWorkstationtoolbar.Thisscriptcausestheguestoperatingsystemtoshutdown
gracefully.Adescriptionofeachscriptisprovidedlaterinthissection,inTable 62.
InWindowsguests,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedintheProgram
Files\VMware\VMware Toolsfolder.OnUNIX,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedinthe
/etc/vmware-toolsdirectory.
YoucanusetheScriptstabtodisablethesescriptsortopointtocustomscriptsforthe
Suspend,Resume,PowerOn,PowerOff,andResetbuttons:
Todisableascript,selectascriptevent,andcleartheUseScriptcheckbox.Default
scriptsforsuspendingandresumingarewrittentoworktogether.Ifyoudisable
thescriptofoneoftheseactions,disablethescriptfortheotheractionaswell.
Touseascriptthatyoucreate,selectascriptevent,selecttheUseScriptcheckbox,
selectCustomscript,andusetheBrowsebuttontopointtothescriptyouwantto
use.
YoucanalsousetheEditbuttontoeditacustomscript.Forinformationabout
creatingthescript,seeUsingCustomScriptsWhenthePowerStateChangeson
page 141.
NOTEOnUNIXguests,toeditscriptsfromtheScriptstab,xtermandvimustbe
installedintheguestoperatingsystemandmustbeinyourPATH.Youmustbea
rootusertoeditthescript.Youcanalsoeditscriptsmanuallyusinganytexteditor.
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Torunascriptimmediately,selectthescripteventyouwantandclickRunNow.
YoumightnoticethatyoucansuccessfullyrunascriptbyclickingtheRunNow
buttonintheVMwareToolscontrolpanelbutthatthissamescriptfailswhenrun
aspartofaWorkstationpoweroperation.Thisisbecausescriptsrunbyclicking
RunNowarerunastheloggedinuserandhaveadifferentworkingdirectorythan
whenscriptsarerunbyvmware-guestd.
Description
poweroff-vm-default
Ifyouconfiguredthepoweroffoperationtoshutdowntheguest,
thisscriptrunswhenthevirtualmachineisbeingpoweredoff.
Ifyouconfiguredtheresetoperationtorestarttheguest,thisscript
runswhenthevirtualmachineisbeingreset.
Thisscripthasnoeffectonnetworkingforthevirtualmachine.
poweron-vm-default
Ifyouconfiguredthepoweronoperationtostartuptheguest,this
scriptrunswhenthevirtualmachineisbeingpoweredonrather
thanresumed.
Ifyouconfiguredtheresetoperationtorestarttheguest,thisscript
runsaftervirtualmachinerestarts.
Thisscripthasnoeffectonnetworkingforthevirtualmachine.
resume-vm-default
Ifyouconfiguredthepoweronoperationtostartuptheguest,or
theresetoperationtorestarttheguest,thisscriptrunswhenthe
virtualmachineisresumedafteritwassuspended.
OnWindowsguests,ifthevirtualmachineisconfiguredtouse
DHCP,thisscriptrenewstheIPaddressofthevirtualmachine.
OnLinux,FreeBSD,andSolarisguests,thisscriptstartsnetworking
forthevirtualmachine.
suspend-vm-default
Ifyouconfiguredthesuspendoperationtosuspendtheguest,this
scriptrunswhenthevirtualmachineisbeingsuspended.
OnWindowsguests,ifthevirtualmachineisconfiguredtouse
DHCP,thisscriptreleasestheIPaddressofthevirtualmachine.
OnLinux,FreeBSD,andSolarisguests,thisscriptstopsnetworking
forthevirtualmachine.
NOTEScriptsinWindowsNTandWindowsMeguestoperatingsystemsdonot
releaseandrenewtheIPaddress.ScriptscannotberuninWindows95,NetWare,and
FreeBSDguestoperatingsystems.
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Shrink Tab
IntheShrinktab,youcanreclaimunusedspaceinavirtualdisk.However,some
configurationsdonotallowyoutoshrinkavirtualdisk.Formoreinformation,see
ShrinkingVirtualDisksonpage 202.
OnUNIXguests,toshrinkvirtualdisks,runVMwareToolsastherootuser(su -).If
youshrinkthevirtualdiskasanonrootuser,youcannotpreparetoshrinkthepartsof
thevirtualdiskthatrequirerootlevelpermissions.
About Tab
TheAbouttabdisplaysversion(buildnumber)andcopyrightinformation.In
Windowsguests,thistabalsoshowsthestatusoftheVMwareToolsService.
Toentervmwtoolcommandsinthesystemconsole,usethefollowingformat:
vmwtool <command>
where<command>isoneofthecommandslistedinTable 63.
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Definition
help
DisplaysasummaryofVMwareToolscommandsand
optionsinaNetWareguest.
partitonlist
Displaysalistofalldiskpartitionsinthevirtualdisk
andwhetherornotapartitioncanbeshrunk.
shrink [<partition>]
Shrinksthelistedpartitions.Ifnopartitionsare
specified,allpartitionsinthevirtualdiskareshrunk.
Thestatusoftheshrinkprocessappearsatthebottomof
thesystemconsole.
devicelist
Listseachremovabledeviceinthevirtualmachine,its
deviceID,andwhetherthedeviceisenabledor
disabled.Removabledevicesincludethevirtual
networkadapter,CDROM,andfloppydrives.
disabledevice [<device
name>]
Disablesthespecifieddeviceordevicesinthevirtual
machine.Ifnodeviceisspecified,allremovabledevices
inthevirtualmachinearedisabled.
Enablesthespecifieddeviceordevicesinthevirtual
machine.Ifnodeviceisspecified,allremovabledevices
inthevirtualmachineareenabled.
synctime [on|off]
Letsyouturnonoroffsynchronizationoftimeinthe
guestoperatingsystemwithtimeonthehostoperating
system.Bydefault,timesynchronizationisturnedoff.
Usethiscommandwithoutanyoptionstoviewthe
currenttimesynchronizationstatus.
idle [on|off]
LetsyouturntheCPUidleronoroff.Bydefault,the
idleristurnedon.TheCPUidlerprogramisincludedin
VMwareToolsforNetWareguests.
TheidlerprogramisneededbecauseNetWareservers
donotidletheCPUwhentheoperatingsystemisidle.
Asaresult,avirtualmachinetakesCPUtimefromthe
hostregardlessofwhethertheNetWareserversoftware
isidleorbusy.
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UsingCustomScriptsWhenthePowerStateChangesonpage 141
ExecutingCommandsAfterYouPowerOfforResetaVirtualMachineon
page 143
PassingaStringfromtheHosttotheGuestonpage 143
PassingInformationBetweentheGuestandAnotherProgramonpage 146
OnMicrosoftWindowsguests,thedefaultscriptexecutedwhenyoususpenda
virtualmachinereleasestheIPaddressofthevirtualmachine.Thedefaultscript
executedwhenyouresumeavirtualmachinerenewstheIPaddressofthevirtual
machine(thisaffectsonlyvirtualmachinesconfiguredtouseDHCP).
InWindowsguests,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedintheProgram
Files\VMware\VMware Toolsfolder.
OnUNIXguests,thedefaultscriptexecutedwhenyoususpendavirtualmachine
stopsnetworkingforthevirtualmachine,whilethedefaultscriptexecutedwhen
youresumeavirtualmachinestartsnetworkingforthevirtualmachine.
OnUNIX,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedinthe/etc/vmware-toolsdirectory.
Youcan,however,createyourownscriptsandusetheminsteadofthedefaultscripts.
ScriptsarerunbytheVMwareToolsdaemon(VMwareService.exeonWindows,and
vmware-guestdonUNIXandWindowsVista).
Becausevmware-guestdisrunasrootonUNIXandasSystemonWindowsVista,the
scriptsareruninaseparatesessionfromtheloggedinuserssession.The
vmware-guestdprogramthereforehasnoknowledgeofdesktopsessions,which
meansthatitcannotdisplaygraphicalapplications.
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NOTEYoumightnoticethatyoucansuccessfullyrunascriptbyclickingtheRunNow
buttonintheVMwareToolscontrolpanelbutthatthissamescriptfailswhenrunas
partofaWorkstationpoweroperation.ThisisbecausescriptsrunbyclickingRunNow
arerunastheloggedinuserandhaveadifferentworkingdirectorythanwhenscripts
arerunbyvmware-guestd.
To use custom scripts
1
Studythedefaultscriptstodetermineifyouwanttocreateyourcustomscriptby
makingchangestothedefaultscriptandsavingittoanewlocation.
InWindowsguests,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedintheProgram
Files\VMware\VMware Toolsfolder.
OnUNIX,thedefaultscriptsarelocatedinthe/etc/vmware-toolsdirectory.
Eithermodifythedefaultscriptandsaveitwithadifferentname,orwritea
completelydifferentscript.
Ifyouwriteanewscript,forWindows,createthescriptasabatchfile.ForUNIX,
createthescriptinanyexecutableformat(suchasshellorPerlscripts).
Associateeachcustomscriptwithitsparticularpoweroperation.
Formoreinformation,seeScriptsTabonpage 137.
Makesurethatthefollowingconditionsaremetintheguestoperatingsystem:
ThevirtualmachineisusingthelatestversionofVMwareTools.
TheVMwareToolsserviceisrunninginthevirtualmachine.
Dependingontheoperationthescriptperforms,thevirtualmachinemust
haveavirtualnetworkadapterconnected,orthepoweroperationfails.
WARNINGWhenyoureinstallVMwareToolsafteryouupgradetheWorkstation
software,anychangesyoumadetothedefaultscriptsareoverwritten.Anycustom
scriptsyoucreatedremainuntouched,butdonotbenefitfromanyunderlyingchanges
thatenhancethedefaultscripts.
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where<command>isthecommandtoexecutewhenyoushutdowntheguestoperating
system.
reboot-command = <command>
where<command>isthecommandtoexecutewhenyourestarttheguestoperating
system.
Placeastringinthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfilebysettingthestringtothe
machine.idparameter.Forexample,youcansetthisstring:
machine.id = "Hello World."
Passthestringtotheguestoperatingsystemfromthecommandlinewhenyou
poweronthevirtualmachine.Foranexample,seetheprocedureincludedatthe
endofthissection.
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<config_file_2>.vmxcontains:
ide0:0.present = TRUE
ide0:0.fileName = "my_common_virtual_hard_drive.vmdk"
machine.id = "the_string_for_my_second_vm"
Passingastringisalsousefulwhenyouwanttodeployvirtualmachinesonanetwork
usingacommonconfigurationfile,whileprovidingeachmachinewithitsownunique
identity.Inthiscase,youspecifythestringatthecommandline.Launcheachvirtual
machinewiththevmware -scommand.Foranexample,seetheprocedureToretrieve
astringanduseitinastartupscriptonpage 145.
Eachvirtualmachinediskfilemustbecopiedintoitsowndirectoryifitsharesitsfile
namewithanothervirtualmachinediskfile.
ThefollowingexampleusesaWindowshostandguesttoillustratehowyoucanuse
theservicetoretrieveastringcontainingwhatwillbecomethevirtualmachines
machinenameandIPaddress.Inthisexample,W2KVMisthemachinenameand
148.30.16.24istheIPaddress.
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Definethestringbyusingoneofthefollowingmethods:
Addthefollowinglinetoyourvirtualmachinesconfigurationfile:
machine.id = "W2K-VM 148.30.16.24"
Openvirtualmachineusingthisconfigurationfile.
Openthevirtualmachinefromthecommandlinebyenteringthefollowing
ononeline:
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation\vmware -s
'machine.id=W2K-VM 148.30.16.24' C:\Virtual
Machines\win2000\win2000.vmx
OnaLinuxhost,themachineIDpassedonthecommandlinetakesprecedence
andispassedtotheguestoperatingsystemifthefollowingconditionsaremet:
AvirtualmachineIDisspecifiedinaconfigurationfile.
Youusethatfiletoopenthevirtualmachine.
YoualsospecifyamachineIDonthecommandline.
Retrievethestringinthevirtualmachine:
InaWindowsguest,thecommandtoretrievethestringis:
VMwareService --cmd machine.id.get
InaLinuxguestoperatingsystemsstartupscript,addthefollowing
commandbeforethenetworkstartupsection.Forexample:
/usr/sbin/vmware-guestd --cmd 'machine.id.get'
Thelocationofvmware-guestddependsonthedirectoryyouspecifyatthe
timeofinstallation.
3
Furthercustomizethisstartupscriptsothatitusesthestringtheserviceretrieved
duringstartuptosetthevirtualmachinesnetworknametoW2KVManditsIP
addressto148.30.16.24.
Placethisstringinthescriptbeforethecommandtostartthenetworkservices.If
youreusingaWindows2000guestoperatingsystem,forexample,youcancallthe
NetShellutility(netsh)andpassitthecontentsofthestring,whichthenusesthe
stringaccordingly.Thatis,itcansetanewIPaddressforthevirtualmachine,if
thatiswhatwaspassedinthestringoriginally.
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NOTETopreventastringfrombeingpassedfromthehosttotheguestthroughthe
service.Setthefollowinglineinyourvirtualmachinesconfigurationfile:
isolation.tools.getMachineID.disable = "TRUE"
ConfiguretimesynchronizationinyourLinuxguestoperatingsystemwithout
havingtorunX.
Usesomespecialtimesynchronizationoptionswithouthavingtofirstpoweroff
thevirtualmachineandedititsconfiguration(.vmx)file.
ConfigureVMwareToolsoptionsfromthecommandlineratherthanfromthe
VMwareToolboxgraphicaluserinterface.
AdescriptionofeachoptionisprovidedinOptionsfortheVMwareToolscmd
Commandonpage 147.
To use the VMware Tools command-line interface
1
Ontheguestoperatingsystem,changedirectoriestothedirectorythatcontainsthe
VMwareToolsdaemon:
OnMicrosoftWindowssystems,thedaemoniscalledVMwareService.exe.
ThelocationisC:\Program Files\VMware\VMware
Tools\VMwareService.exe.
OnUNIXsystems,thedaemoniscalledvmware-guestd.
Thelocationofvmware-guestddependsonthedirectoryyouspecifyatthe
timeofinstallation.Thedefaultis/usr/sbin/vmware-guestd.
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Usethevmx.set_optioncommandtosetthedesiredoption.
Thesyntaxis:
<daemon> --cmd "vmx.set_option <option> <old-val> <new-val>"
where:
<daemon>isvmware-guestdonUNIXsystemsorVMwareService.exeon
Windowssystems.
<option>isoneoftheoptionsdescribedinOptionsfortheVMwareToolscmd
Commandonpage 147.
<old-val>and<new-val>aretheoldandnewvalues,respectively.Use0tomean
FALSEand1tomeanTRUE.
FollowingisanexampleofsettingtimesychronizationtoTRUEonaLinuxguest:
./vmware-guestd --cmd "vmx.set_option synctime 0 1"
Whenyouusecommandlineoptions,thenewsettingsarewrittenintothevirtual
machinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.
NOTEForinformationaboutavailablecommandsotherthanthe--cmdcommand,use
the--helpcommandlinecommand.
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time.synchronize.tools.enable
(Defaultis0,whichmeansFALSE)Controlswhethertogglingthesynctime
optionto1causesanimmediate,onetimesynchronizationtooccur.Unlikethe
normalperiodictimesync,whichcanmovetheguestclockonlyforward,this
specialtimesynchronizationcanmovetheguestclockeitherforwardorbackward.
Disablethisoptionifyourguestsmustabsolutelyneversyncbackwardintime.
time.synchronize.tools.startup
(Defaultis0,whichmeansFALSE)ControlswhethertheVMwareToolsdaemon
willdoaoneshottimesynchronizationwhenitstartsup.Thisspecialtimesync
canbeeitherforwardorbackwardintime.Becausethesettingcontrolsdaemons
startupbehavior,thedaemonmustberestartedforthisoptiontohaveanyeffect.
Makesurethisoptionissetto0ifyourguestsmustabsolutelyneversync
backwardintime.
time.sychronize.restore
(Defaultis1,whichmeansTRUE)Controlswhethertimeissynchronizedbetween
thehostandguestwhentheguestrevertstoasnapshot.
time.sychronize.resume.disk
(Defaultis1,whichmeansTRUE)Controlswhethertimeissynchronizedbetween
thehostandguestwhenyouresumeasuspendedvirtualmachine.
time.sychronize.continue
(Defaultis1,whichmeansTRUE)Controlswhethertimeissynchronizedbetween
thehostandguestwhenyoutakeasnapshotofavirtualmachine.
time.sychronize.shrink
(Defaultis1,whichmeansTRUE)Controlswhethertimeissynchronizedbetween
thehostandguestwhenyoushrinkavirtualdisk.
autohide
(Defaultis1,whichmeansTRUE)Makestheguestscursordisappearwhenyou
moveitofftheedgeoftheguestsscreen.Tomaketheguestscursorremainonthe
edgeofthescreenwhenyoumoveitoffthewindow,setthisoptiontoFALSE.
enableDnD
(Defaultis1,whichmeansTRUE)Enablesdraganddropfunctionalitysothatyou
candraganddropfilesandfoldersfromaWindowsorLinuxhosttoaWindows,
Linux,orSolarisguest.Formoreinformationaboutthisfeature,seeUsingDrag
andDroponpage 171.
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Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
StartingaVirtualMachineonpage 150
RunningVMwareToolsonpage 152
ShuttingDownaVirtualMachineonpage 154
DeletingaVirtualMachineonpage 156
ControllingtheDisplayonpage 156
InstallingNewSoftwareonpage 168
RunningVirtualMachinesfromWithinanIDEonpage 169
DisplayingtheVirtualMachineasanApplianceonpage 170
TransferringFilesandTextBetweentheHostandGuestonpage 171
UsingDevicesinaVirtualMachineonpage 181
CreatingaScreenShotofaVirtualMachineonpage 183
CreatingaMovieofaVirtualMachineonpage 183
UsingaVNCClientforRemoteConnectionstoaVirtualMachineonpage 184
TheillustrationsinthesesectionsshowaWindowsXPguestoperatingsystem.Some
commandsusedintheillustrationsaredifferentfromthoseusedinotherguest
operatingsystems.
ThefollowingWorkstationtasksarediscussedinseparatechapters:
UsingsnapshotsSeeChapter 10,PreservingtheStateofaVirtualMachine,on
page 225.
Recordingavirtualmachine(experimental)SeeChapter 10,Preservingthe
StateofaVirtualMachine,onpage 225.
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CloningavirtualmachineSeeChapter 11,CloningaVirtualMachine,on
page 247.
WorkingwithvirtualmachineteamsSeeChapter 12,ConfiguringTeams,on
page 255.
YoucanlaunchavirtualmachinewhenWorkstationiseitherrunningornot
running,asdescribedin:
TostartavirtualmachinefromtheWorkstationuserinterfaceonpage 150
Toopentheconsoleforavirtualmachinethatisrunninginthebackground
onpage 151
Youcanalsostartavirtualmachinefromthecommandline.SeeTostartavirtual
machinefromthecommandlineonpage 151.
StartWorkstation.
Forinstructions,seeStartingWorkstationonpage 66.
ChooseFile>Openandbrowsetotheconfiguration(.vmx)fileforthevirtual
machineyouwanttouse.
RefertoVirtualMachineLocationonpage 152forhelpfindingvirtualmachines
onyourhostoperatingsystem.
IfyouaddthenameofthevirtualmachinetotheFavoriteslist,youwillnotneed
tobrowseforthefilewhenyouwanttoopenthevirtualmachine.SeeThe
FavoritesListonpage 75.
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ClickthePowerOnbuttontostartthevirtualmachine.
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Clickanywhereinsidethevirtualmachineconsoletogivethevirtualmachine
controlofyourmouseandkeyboard.
Ifyouneedtologontotheoperatingsysteminthevirtualmachine,typeyour
nameandpasswordjustasyouwouldonaphysicalcomputer.
NOTEOnWindowshosts,ifyourWindowsguestoperatingsystempromptsyou
topressCtrl+Alt+Delbeforeloggingin,youmightneedtopressCtrl+Alt+Ins
instead.YouneedtouseCtrl+Alt+Insifthevirtualmachineisnotusingthe
enhancedvirtualkeyboard.SeeEnhancedVirtualKeyboardforWindowsHosts
onpage 343.
Usetheappropriateplatformspecificinstructionsforstartingthevirtualmachine:
StartupOptionsforWorkstationandVirtualMachinesonpage 407
UsingStartupOptionsinaWindowsShortcutonpage 409
Tooperatethevirtualmachinebyusingacommandlineprogram,usethe
instructionsinCommandLineApplicationforOperatingVirtualMachineson
page 409.
To open the console for a virtual machine that is running in the background
1
Clickthepowerstatusiconinthenotificationareaofthehoststaskbar.
Clickthetooltipthatappearstodisplayalistofthevirtualmachines.
List of powered on virtual
machines
Thislistcontainsthevirtualmachinesandteamsthatbelongtotheloggedinuser.
NOTEIfyoudonotseeapoweredoniconinthesystemtray,makesurethat
youhavesetthepreferencetoshowit.FromtheWorkstationmenubar,choose
Edit>Preferences>Workspace,andselectthecheckboxforshowingthetrayicon.
3
Clickthemachineyouwanttoopen.
Workstationstartsanddisplaystheconsoleviewofthevirtualmachine.
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OnWindowshostsVMwareWorkstationstoresvirtualmachinesinthe
My Documentsfolderoftheuserwhoisloggedonatthetimethevirtualmachine
iscreated.
OnWindowsServer2003,WindowsXPandWindows2000,thedefaultfolderis
C:\Documents and Settings\<username>\My Documents\My Virtual
Machines\<guestOSname>.
OnWindowsVista,thedefaultfolderisC:\Users\<username>\Virtual
Machines\<guestOSname>.
OnLinuxhostsVMwareWorkstationstoresvirtualmachinesin
<homedir>/vmware/<guestOSname>,where<homedir>isthehomedirectoryof
theuserwhoisloggedonatthetimethevirtualmachineiscreated.
TheworkingdirectoryisalsowhereWorkstationstoressuspendedstate(.vmss),
snapshot(.vmsn),andredologfiles.Youcanfindthepathtotheworkingdirectoryby
displayingthevirtualmachinesettingseditor(selectthevirtualmachineandchoose
VM>Settings>Options>General).Formoreinformationabouttheworkingdirectory,
clicktheHelpbuttonontheOptions>Generaltab.
OnWindowsguests,iftheVMwareToolsiconincludesayellowcautionicon,itmeans
thatanupdateisavailable.Toperformtheupdate,doubleclicktheicon,andonthe
Optionstabthatappears,clicktheUpgradebutton.
IftheVMwareToolsiconappearswitharedcircleandslashoverit,thismeansthat
theVMwareToolsserviceisnotrunning.Tostarttheservice,chooseRunfromthe
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WindowsStartmenu,andenterservices.msc.Inthewindowthatappears,startthe
servicecalledVMwareToolsService.
IftheVMwareToolsicondoesnotappearinthenotificationareaoftheWindows
gueststaskbar,usetheVMwareToolscontrolpanelintheguestoperatingsystemto
displayit,asdescribedinthefollowingprocedure.
To change property settings for VMware Tools on Windows systems
1
Intheguestsystem,clickStart>Settings>ControlPanelorStart>ControlPanel,
dependingontheversionofWindowsyouareusing.
OnWindowsVistaguests,youneedtobeloggedinasanAdministratoruserto
opentheVMwareToolscontrolpanel.
IntheControlPanel,locatetheVMwareToolsiconanddoubleclickit.
IntheVMwareToolsPropertiesdialogboxthatappears,ontheOptionstab,select
ShowVMwareToolsinthetaskbar.
Thissettingreactivatestheiconinthenotificationareaofthetaskbar.
TochangeanyotherVMwareToolsproperties,usethetabsinthisdialogbox.
Formoreinformationabouttheproperties,clicktheHelpbutton.
Boottheguestoperatingsystem,startX,andlaunchyourgraphicalenvironment.
LaunchtheVMwareToolsbackgroundapplicationwiththiscommand:
vmware-toolbox &
YoucanrunVMwareToolsasrootorasanormaluser.Toshrinkvirtualdisksor
tochangeanyVMwareToolsscripts,youmustrunVMwareToolsasroot(su -).
3
TochangeanyotherVMwareToolsproperties,usethetabsinthisdialogbox.
Formoreinformationabouttheproperties,clicktheHelpbutton.
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Intheguestsystem,shutdowntheoperatingsystemasyouwouldifyouwere
usingaphysicalmachineratherthanavirtualmachine.
Forexample,inWindowsXP,clickStart>ShutDown.Inthedialogboxthat
appears,chooseShutDownandclickOK.
Aftertheguestoperatingsystemshutsdown,clickPowerOfftoturnoffthe
virtualmachine.
NOTEAlternatively,youcanconfigurethePowerOffbuttontoshutdowntheguest
operatingsystembeforepoweringoffthevirtualmachine.SeePoweringOffVersus
ShuttingDownandResettingVersusRestartingonpage 154.
YouarenotrequiredtoshutdowntheguestbeforeexitingWorkstation.Ifyouwantto
exitWorkstationbutleavethevirtualmachinerunninginthebackgroundratherthan
shuttingitdown,seeClosingVirtualMachinesandExitingWorkstationonpage 86.
SetthePowerOffbuttontoworkthesamewayapowerswitchworksonapower
supply.Thevirtualmachineisabruptlypoweredoff,withnoconsiderationfor
workinprogress.
WARNINGIfavirtualmachineiswritingtodiskwhenitreceivesaPowerOff
command,datacorruptionmightoccur.
SetthePowerOffbuttontosendashutdownsignaltotheguestoperatingsystem.
Anoperatingsystemthatrecognizesthissignalshutsdowngracefully.
TousethisShutdownGuestoption,makesureVMwareToolsisinstalledinthe
guestoperatingsystem.TheVMwareToolsservicethenissuesashutdown
commandandrunsascripttoshutdowncleanly.
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Similarly,youcanconfiguretheResetbuttontoworkthesamewayasaresetswitch,
sothatitresetsthevirtualmachineabruptly,withnoconsiderationforworkin
progress.OryoucansettheResetbuttontohavetheVMwareToolsservicesenda
restartsignaltotheguestoperatingsystem.Itthenshutsdowngracefullyandrestarts.
NOTENotallguestoperatingsystemsrespondtoashutdownsignalfromthePower
Offbutton,ortoarestartsignalfromtheReset.Ifyouroperatingsystemdoesnot
respondtothesignal,shutdownorrestartfromwithintheoperatingsystem,asyou
wouldwithaphysicalmachine.
To configure the Power options for a virtual machine
1
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbepoweredonoroff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectPower.
InthePowerControlsareaofthedialogbox,specifywhetheryouwantthePower
Offbuttontoshutdowntheguestgracefullyortoabruptlypowerthevirtual
machineoff.
Theselectionyoumakeisreflectedinthetooltipyouseewhenyouplaceyour
mousepointeroverthePowerOffbutton.
Similarly,specifyhowyouwanttheResetbuttontowork.
Itcaneitheractasaresetswitchandabruptlyresettheguestoperatingsystem,or
itcansendarestartsignaltotheguestoperatingsystemsothatitshutsdown
gracefullyandrestarts.
TousetheRestartGuestoption,makesureVMwareToolsisinstalledintheguest
operatingsystem.
Ifyouwanttochangeanyoftheothersettingsandneedmoreinformation,click
Helptodisplaytheonlinehelp.
ForUNIXguests,ifyouwanttopassXtoolkitoptionswhenyoupoweronavirtual
machine,seeAppendix A,WorkstationCommandLineReference,onpage 407.
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156
SimplifyingtheScreenDisplayonpage 157
UsingFullScreenModeonpage 158
UsingQuickSwitchModeonpage 159
ReportingBatteryInformationintheGuestOperatingSystemonpage 160
UsingExclusiveModeonpage 160
UsingMultipleMonitorsonpage 162
FittingtheWorkstationConsoletotheVirtualMachineDisplayonpage 165
WorkingwithNonstandardResolutionsonpage 167
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Sidebar
Toolbar
Statusbar
Virtualmachinetabs
OnaWindowshost,youcanalsohidethemenubar,thetoolbar,thestatusbar,andthe
sidebar.Clickthetitlebaricon,andchooseHideControls.
Figure 7-1. Hide Controls Command on a Windows Host
ForthesimplestVMwareWorkstationwindowonaWindowshost,firstchoose
View>Tabstoturnoffthetabs.Then,fromthetitlebariconshortcutmenu,choose
HideControls.Thiswindowisverysimilartofullscreenmodeexceptthatthetaskbars
forboththehostandtheguestaredisplayed.
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NOTEIfyouplantorunthevirtualmachineinfullscreenmodeonalaptopcomputer,
alsoseeReportingBatteryInformationintheGuestOperatingSystemonpage 160.
To use full screen mode
1
StartWorkstationandmakesureoneormorevirtualmachinesarepoweredon.
Ifyouhavemultiplemonitors,movetheWorkstationwindowintothemonitor
youwanttousefordisplayingthisvirtualmachineinfullscreenmode.
NOTEForbestperformance,makesuretheguestoperatingsystemhasVMware
Toolsinstalled.SeeInstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 115.
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Toenterfullscreenmode,selectapoweredonvirtualmachineanddooneofthe
following:
Fromthemenubar,chooseView>FullScreen.
ClicktheFullScreenbuttononthetoolbar.
PressCtrl+Alt+Enter.
Toswitchfromfullscreenmodebacktowindowedmode,whichshowsyour
virtualmachineinsideaWorkstationwindowagain,dooneofthefollowing:
ClicktheRestorebuttononthefullscreentoolbar.
PressCtrl+Alt+Enter.
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Tohidethefullscreentoolbarandmenuswhileyouareusingfullscreenmode,
clickthepushpiniconandmoveyourmousepointeroffofthetoolbar.
Thisactionwillunpinthetoolbar.Thetoolbarslidesuptothetopofthemonitor
anddisappears.
Todisplaythetoolbaragain,movethemousepointertothetopofthescreenuntil
thetoolbarappears.
Ifyouwantthetoolbartoremainonthescreen,clickthepushpiniconagain.
Toswitchfromonepoweredonvirtualmachinetoanotherwhileinfullscreen
mode,dooneofthefollowing:
ClicktheNextbuttononthetoolbar,asshowninFigure 72.
Clickthevirtualmachinearrow,asshowninFigure 72.
Thevirtualmachineselectorarrowenablesyoutochooseaspecific
poweredonvirtualmachine.
PressCtrl+Alt+rightarrowtogotothenextvirtualmachine,orpress
Ctrl+Alt+leftarrowtogotothepreviousvirtualmachine.
UsetheVMmenuonthetoolbartoaccessanyofthecommandsthatyounormally
seeintheWorkstationVMmenu.
NOTETodisplaythevirtualmachineacrosstwoormoremonitorsinfullscreenmode,
seeUsingMultipleMonitorsonpage 162.
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Toresizeaguestoperatingsystemsdisplaysoitfillsasmuchofthescreenaspossible
inquickswitchmode,chooseView>FitGuestNow.TheFitGuestNowoptionworks
onlyifyouhavethecurrentversionofVMwareToolsinstalledintheguestoperating
system.
Togetoutofquickswitchmode,movethemousepointertothetopofthescreento
activatethemenuandchooseView>QuickSwitch.
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
OntheOptionstab,selectPower.
SelecttheReportbatteryinformationtoguestcheckboxandclickOK.
Thefullscreentoolbarisnotavailableinexclusivemode.Toconfigureanyvirtual
machinesettings,youneedtoleaveexclusivemode(bypressingCtrl+Alt).
Exclusivemodedoesnotusemorethanonemonitor.
Exclusivemodecausesthehostresolutiontoresize,whichcancauseitemsonthe
hostdesktoptobemoved.
Forbestperformance,makesuretheguestoperatingsystemhasVMwareTools
installed.SeeInstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 115.
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StartWorkstationandmakesureoneormorevirtualmachinesarepoweredon.
Ifyouhavemultiplemonitors,movetheWorkstationwindowintothemonitor
youwanttousefordisplayingthisvirtualmachineinexclusivemode.
PressCtrl+Alt+Entertoenterfullscreenmode.
Onthefullscreentoolbar,dooneofthefollowing:
OnWindowshosts,clicktheWorkstationicontodisplaythesystemmenu
andchooseExclusiveMode.
System menu
OnLinuxhosts,clicktheViewmenuonthefullscreentoolbarandchoose
ExclusiveMode.
Toexitfullscreenmodeandreturntowindowedmode,pressCtrl+Alt.
Inexclusivemode,youcannotdisplaythefullscreentoolbar.
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ThevirtualmachineisaWorkstation6orhighervirtualmachine.
VMwareToolsisinstalledandrunninginthevirtualmachinesguestoperating
system.TheversionofVMwareToolsmustbetheversionincludedinWorkstation
6orhigher.Forinstructions,seeInstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolson
page 115.
TheguestoperatingsysteminthevirtualmachineisWindowsXP,WindowsVista,
orLinux.
Onthehost,thedisplaysettingsformonitorsmustbesetinacompatibletopology.
Forexample,theleftmostmonitorcannotnotbelowanyothermonitor.Itdoesnot
matterifthemonitorshavedifferentresolutionsororientations.Whenentering
fullscreenmode,themonitorcontainingtheWorkstationwindowcannotbebelow
anothermonitor.
Putanotherway:WhenyouusetheWindowsdisplaypropertiescontrols,ifyou
selectamonitoriconandbegintodragittoanewlocation,apopupdisplaysthe
coordinates.Ifacoordinateshownforthenewlocationoftheiconisanegative
number,thatlocationwillnotwork.
Thissectionincludesthefollowingprocedures:
Tousemultiplemonitorstodisplayonevirtualmachineonpage 162
Todisplaymultiplevirtualmachinesinmultiplemonitorsonpage 164
StartWorkstationandchooseEdit>Preferences.
Thepreferenceseditoropens.
InthePreferencesdialogbox,clicktheDisplaytab,andintheFullScreensection,
selectAutofitguestandclickOK.
SelecttheWorkstation6virtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
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ClicktheHardwaretab,andselectDisplay.
IfDisplaydoesnotappearinthelistontheHardwaretab,itprobablymeansthat
thevirtualmachineisaWorkstation4or5virtualmachine.OnlyWorkstation6
virtualmachineshavethisfeature.
OntheDisplaytab,undermostcircumstances,selectUsehostsettingfor
monitors.
Thisoptionmeansthatifthevirtualmachineisrunonahostthatisusingone
monitor,thevirtualmachinewillseeonlyonemonitor.Butifthesamevirtual
machineismovedtoadifferenthostthatisusingtwomonitors,thevirtual
machinewillseetwomonitors.
Here,thenumberofmonitorsdependsonthenumberofmonitorsthehost
recognizeswhenitstartsup.Forexample,ifyoupoweronalaptopthatis
undocked,thehostsettingisonemonitor,evenifyoulaterplacetherunning
laptopinadockingstationthatusestwomonitors.
Similarly,ifthehosthasonemonitorandyoususpendthevirtualmachineand
thenchangeyourhosttohavetwomonitors,whenyouresume,thevirtual
machinewillstillbeconfiguredtouseonemonitor.Youwillneedtorestartthe
virtualmachinetodetectthenewsettings.
Ifyousetaspecificnumberofmonitors,alsospecifyasufficientmaximum
resolution.
Theresolutionofahostmonitorthatyouusetodisplaythevirtualmachinemust
notexceedtheMaximumresolutionsettingyouspecifyhere.
PoweronthevirtualmachineandchooseView>FullScreenfromtheWorkstation
menubar.
Formoreinformationaboutfullscreenmode,seeUsingFullScreenModeon
page 158.
NOTEMakesurethevirtualmachineiscompletelypoweredon.Ifwhenyou
poweronthevirtualmachineitissettoberestoredfromasnapshotandif
backgroundsnapshotsareenabled,poweringonmighttakelonger.Inthiscase,
displayingthevirtualmachinetotwomonitorsmightnotworkcorrectlyatfirst.If
youseethisissue,gotoEdit>Preferences>Prioritydeselectthecheckboxcalled
Takeandrestoresnapshotsinthebackground.
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Onthefullscreentoolbar,clicktheCycleMultipleMonitorsbutton.
TheCycleMultipleMonitorsbuttonisavailableonlyifthehosthasmorethanone
monitor.ThisbuttonisshowninFigure 72,FullScreenToolbaronaWindows
Host,onpage 158.
Ifthevirtualmachinedoesnotdisplaycorrectly,usethesystemmenu(on
Windowshosts)ortheViewmenu(onLinuxhosts)andmakesureAutofitGuest
isselected.
NOTEClickingtheCycleMultipleMonitorsbuttoncausestheguestoperating
systemsdesktoptoextendtotheadditionalmonitorormonitors.OnWindows
guests,youdonotneedto,andshouldnot,usetheWindowsdisplayproperties
settingstoconfiguremultiplemonitors.
10
Ifyouhavemorethantwomonitors,andyouwantthevirtualmachinetostretch
acrossadifferenttwomonitors,clicktheCycleMultipleMonitorsbuttonagain.
Theorderingofthemonitorsdependsontheorderinwhichthemonitorswere
addedtothehostoperatingsystem.
11
Toreturntousingonlyonemonitor,clicktheCycleMultipleMonitorsbutton
untilthedisplayreturnstoonemonitor.
Ifyouhavetwoormoremonitors,dooneofthefollowing:
OpenmultipleWorkstationwindows.
YoucaneitherrepeattheprocedureyouusedtostartWorkstationthefirst
timeoryoucanchooseFile>New>WindowfromtheWorkstationmenubar.
AlthoughyouhavetwoWorkstationwindows,bothwindowsoperateina
singleWorkstationprocess,whichsavesmemoryandallowspreferencesand
Favoriteslistitemstobeshared.
(Linuxonly)StartmultipleinstancesofWorkstation.
OnLinuxhosts,ifyouwanttorunseparateWorkstationprocessesindifferent
Xservers,startthesecondinstanceofWorkstationwiththe-Wflag.Ina
terminalwindow,enter:
vmware -W &
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StartoneormorevirtualmachinesineachVMwareWorkstationwindow.
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DrageachWorkstationwindowtothemonitoronwhichyouwanttouseit.
Forthelargestpossiblescreendisplay,switcheachofthewindowstofullscreen
mode(chooseView>FullScreen).Formoreinformation,seeUsingFullScreen
Modeonpage 158.
Toswitchmouseandkeyboardinputfromthevirtualmachineonthefirstscreen
tothevirtualmachineonthesecondscreen,movethemousepointerfromoneto
theother.
YoudonotneedtotakeanyspecialstepsifVMwareToolsisrunninginbothguest
operatingsystemsandifyouareusingthedefaultsettingsforgrabbinginput.
Ifyouchangedthedefaults,youmightneedtopressCtrl+Alttoreleasethemouse
pointerfromthefirstvirtualmachine,moveittothesecondvirtualmachine,and
clickinthesecondvirtualmachinesoitwillgrabcontrolofmouseandkeyboard
input.
AutofitGuest1
Description
1
CausestheWorkstationconsoletomaintainthesizeofthevirtual
machinesdisplayresolution.Iftheguestoperatingsystemchangesits
resolution,theWorkstationconsoleresizestomatchthenewresolution.
Causesthevirtualmachinetoresizetheguestdisplayresolutionto
matchthesizeoftheWorkstationconsole.
1. AnAutofitcommandistoggledonoroffeachtimeyouselectit.IfbothAutofitcommands
aretoggledon,youcanmanuallyresizetheWorkstationconsole,buttheguestoperating
systemcanalsoresizetheWorkstationconsole.
2. ThiscommandisredundantwhenoneoftheAutofitoptionsisactivebecausetheconsole
andtheguestoperatingsystemdisplayarethesamesize.
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Description
FitWindowNow2
CausestheWorkstationconsoletomatchthecurrentdisplaysizeofthe
guestoperatingsystem.
FitGuestNow2
Causestheguestoperatingsystemdisplaysizetomatchthecurrent
Workstationconsole.
1. AnAutofitcommandistoggledonoroffeachtimeyouselectit.IfbothAutofitcommands
aretoggledon,youcanmanuallyresizetheWorkstationconsole,buttheguestoperating
systemcanalsoresizetheWorkstationconsole.
2. ThiscommandisredundantwhenoneoftheAutofitoptionsisactivebecausetheconsole
andtheguestoperatingsystemdisplayarethesamesize.
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IfyouhavevirtualmachinesthatweresuspendedunderaversionofVMware
Toolsbeforeversion5.5,displayresizingwillnotworkuntilthevirtualmachines
arecompletelypoweredoffandpoweredonagain.(Rebootingthevirtualmachine
isnotsufficient.)
UpdateVMwareToolstothelatestversionintheguestforthedisplayresizing
optionstowork.
BeforeyoucanusetheAutofitGuestandFitGuestNowoptions,VMwareTools
mustberunning.
AlltherestrictionsonresizingthattheX11Windowssystemimposesonphysical
hostsapplytoguests:
Youcannotresizetoamodethatisnotdefined.TheVMwareTools
configurationscriptwilladdalargenumberofmodelines,butyouwillnot
get1pixelgranularityasinWindows.VMwareToolsaddsmodelinesin
100pixelincrements.Thismeansyoucannotresizeaguestlargerthanthe
largestmodedefinedinyourX11configurationfile.Ifyouattempttoresize
larger,ablackborderwillappearandtheguestwillstopgrowing.
TheXserveralwaysstartsupinthelargestresolutionthatisdefined.This
cannotbeavoided.TheXDM/KDM/GDMloginscreenwillalwaysappearat
thelargestsize.ButbothGnomeandKDEallowyoutospecifyyourpreferred
resolution,soyoucanreducetheguestdisplaysizeafteryoulogin.
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UpdateVMwareToolstoversion6.0orhigherintheguestforthedisplayresizing
optionstowork.
BeforeyoucanusetheAutofitGuestandFitGuestNowoptions,VMwareTools
mustberunning.
Solaris10guestsmustberunninganXorgXserverandJDS/Gnome.
Ifyourhostcomputersscreenresolutionishighenough,youcanenlargethe
window,andchooseFitGuestNow.
Ifyourhostcomputersscreenresolutiondoesnotallowyoutoenlargethe
Workstationconsolesufficiently,youcanmanuallysettheguestoperating
systemsscreenresolutionto640480orlarger.
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MakesurethatWorkstationcanaccessthemediayouwanttouseforinstallingthe
software.FromtheWorkstationmenu,chooseVM>RemovableDevicesand
verifythatthevirtualmachinehasaccesstotheCDROMdrive,ISOimagefile,or
floppydrive,asneeded.
Formoreinformation,seeAddingDVD/CDROMandFloppyDrivestoaVirtual
Machineonpage 212.
SetthefinalmemorysizeforyourvirtualmachineandinstallVMwareTools
beforeyouactivatethesoftware.
Someapplicationsuseaproductactivationfeaturethatcreatesakeybasedonthe
virtualhardwareinthevirtualmachinewhereitisinstalled.Changesinthe
configurationofthevirtualmachinemightrequireyoutoreactivatethesoftware.
Tominimizethenumberofsignificantchanges,setthememorysizeandinstall
VMwareTools.
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredofforpoweredon.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClickOptions,andselectAdvanced.
IntheSettingssection,selectDisableaccelerationandclickOK.
Thissettingslowsdownvirtualmachineperformance,soitisrecommendedonlyfor
gettingpasttheproblemwithrunningtheprogram.Afteryoupassthepointwherethe
programwasencounteringproblems,tryreturningtothevirtualmachinesettings
editorandremovingthecheckbesideDisableacceleration.
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IfyouhavealreadyinstalledVisualStudioorEclipse,youcaninstalleitherorboth
oftheseIDEpluginswhenyouinstallWorkstation,asfollows:
OnWindowshosts,whenyoucompletetheWorkstationInstallationwizard,
ifyouhaveVisualStudioorEclipsealreadyinstalled,thevirtualdebuggers
areinstalledbydefault.Ifyoudonotwanttoinstallthem,youneedtochoose
theCustomsetupanddeselectthem.
OnLinuxhosts,duringinstallation,youarepromptedtospecifywhetheryou
wantthedebuggerinstalled.
IfyoualreadyhaveWorkstationinstalled,runtheWorkstationinstalleragain:
OnWindowshosts,chooseModifytoinstallthevirtualdebuggers.
OnLinuxhosts,whenprompted,specifythatyoudowantthedebugger
installed.
ForinformationaboutinstallingandusingtheWorkstationIDEplugins,see
Appendix B,UsingtheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebugger,onpage 415and
Appendix C,UsingtheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebugger,onpage 427.
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VerifythatthevirtualmachineisaWorkstation6virtualmachine.
Forinstructionsonupgrading,seeChangingtheVersionoftheVirtualMachine
onpage 61.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonoroff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
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ClicktheOptionstab,andselectApplianceView.
MakesuretheEnableapplianceviewcheckboxisselected.
Completethefieldsonthispaneltocreatethetextandimagesthatuserswillsee
whenthevirtualmachinestartsup:
OnlytheNamefieldisrequired.
SpecifytheTCP/IPportnumberthattheappliancewillusetoserveHTTP
content.
Ifyouincludeanimagefile,itmustbeaPNGorBMPfile.Themaximumsize
is256x256pixels.
IfyoudonotselectSwitchtoapplianceviewatpoweron,theconsoleview
willbedisplayed.Oftenthisviewshowsonlyasimpledisplayofthevirtual
machinesIPaddressandtellstheusertoopenabrowser.
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ClickOKtoclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Whenauserstartsupthisvirtualmachine,thenewlycreatedapplianceviewis
displayed.Itfirstdisplaysapoweringonmessageandthenprovidesalinktoclick
inordertoaccesstheappliancesmanagementconsole.
UsingDragandDroponpage 171
UsingCopyandPasteonpage 172
UsingSharedFoldersonpage 173
UsingaMappedDrive(WindowsOnly)onpage 180
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Topreventfilesfromaccidentallybeingtransferredbetweenthevirtualmachineand
thehost,turnoffthisfeature,asdescribedinthefollowingprocedure.
To enable or disable drag and drop for a virtual machine
1
MakesureVMwareToolsisinstalledonthevirtualmachine.
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectGuestIsolation.
Toenableordisablethesetting,usethecheckboxcalledEnabledraganddropto
andfromthisvirtualmachineandclickOK.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
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ClicktheOptionstab,andselectGuestIsolation.
Toenableordisablethesetting,usethecheckboxcalledEnablecopyandpasteto
andfromvirtualmachineandclickOK.
WindowsServer2003
WindowsXP
Windows2000
WindowsNT4.0
WindowsVista
Linuxwithakernelversionof2.4orhigher
Solarisx8610
Solarisx8610Update1
Solarisx8610Update2
Solarisx8610Update3
Thesharedfolderscanbeinthehostcomputersfilesystemortheycanbenetwork
directoriesaccessiblefromthehostcomputer.
To set up shared folders for a virtual machine
1
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
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ClicktheOptionstab,andselectSharedFolders.
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ClickAdd.
OnWindows,clickingAddstartstheAddSharedFolderwizard.OnLinux,it
openstheSharedFolderPropertiesdialogbox.
UsethefollowinginformationtohelpyoucompletethewizardorProperties
dialogbox:
NameNamethatappearsinsidethevirtualmachine.
HostfolderPathonthehosttothedirectorythatyouwanttoshare.
EnabledorEnablethisshareYoumightwanttoaddafoldertothelist
withoutenablingitimmediately.Inthiscase,deselectthisoptiontodisablethe
sharedfolderwithoutdeletingitfromthevirtualmachineconfiguration.
Youcanthenenablethefolderatanytimebyselectingthecheckboxnextto
itsnameinthelist.Youcanalternativelyselectitsnameinthelist,click
Properties,andenablethefolderinthePropertiesdialogbox.
ReadonlySelectthisoptiontopreventthevirtualmachinefromchanging
thecontentsofthesharedfolderinthehostfilesystem.Accesstofilesinthe
sharedfolderisalsogovernedbypermissionsettingsonthehostcomputer.
Tochangetheseproperties,usethePropertiesdialogbox.OnWindows,afteryou
selectSharedFoldersontheOptionstab,clickProperties.
6
Afterthesharedfolderiscreated,ontheSharedFolderssettingspanel,useoneof
thecheckboxesintheFolderSharingsectiontoenablesharedfoldersforthis
virtualmachine.
SelectEnableduntilnextpowerofforsuspendifyouwanttoenablefolder
sharingtemporarily,untilyoushutdown,suspend,orrestartthevirtualmachine.
YouneedtoselecteitherthisoptionorAlwaysenabledifyouwanttoenableor
disablespecificfoldersintheFolderssection.
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Accesstheenabledsharedfolderontheguestoperatingsystem:
OnaWindowsguestoperatingsystem,mapanetworkdrivetotheShared
Foldersdirectory,asdescribedinViewingaSharedFolderonpage 177.
OnLinux,sharedfoldersappearunder/mnt/hgfs.OnSolaris,sharedfolders
appearunder/hgfs.
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Toenablesharedfoldersforvirtualmachinescreatedbyotherusersonpage 175
Asasecurityprecaution,bydefault,asharedfolderisdisabledifitwasnotcreated
bytheuserthatpowersonthevirtualmachine.Thisproceduredescribeshowto
changethedefaultbehavior.
Youmightwanttoenablefoldersharingifyoucreatedvirtualmachineswith
Workstation4or5.FoldersharingforWorkstation4and5virtualmachinesisalso
disabledbydefault.
Toenableordisablesharedfoldersforspecificvirtualmachinesonpage 176
Thisproceduredescribeshowtoenablefoldersharingforaspecificvirtual
machineandalsohowtoenablespecificfolders.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences.
OntheWorkspacetab,intheVirtualMachinessection,selectEnableallshared
foldersbydefault.
Thissettingappliestosharedfoldersonallvirtualmachinesthatarecreatedby
otherusers,suchasappliancedevelopers.
CAUTIONEnablingallsharedfoldersmightposeasecurityriskbecauseashared
foldercouldenableexistingprogramsinsidethevirtualmachinetoaccessthehost
filesystemwithoutyourknowledge.
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Foraparticularvirtualmachine,toenableordisablefoldersharing:
a
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbepoweredofforpoweredon.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectSharedFolders.
UsethecheckboxesintheFolderSharingsectiontospecifywhetheryouwant
toenableordisablesharedfolders,andclickOK.
SelectEnableduntilnextpowerofforsuspendifyouwanttoenablefolder
sharingtemporarily,untilyoushutdown,suspend,orrestartthevirtual
machine.YouneedtoselecteitherthisoptionorAlwaysenabledifyouwant
toenableordisablespecificfoldersintheFolderssection.
OnWindows,ifyoudisablesharedfolders,afteryoupoweronthisvirtual
machineandattempttoselectamappeddrivetothesharedfolder,youwillreceive
amessagethattheconnectioncannotbemade.
Afteryouenablefoldersharingforavirtualmachine,youwillstillnotbeableto
shareparticularfoldersunlessthespecificfoldersarealsoenabled,asdescribedin
thenextstep.
2
Toenablespecificsharedfoldersforavirtualmachine:
a
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings>Options>SharedFolders.
IntheFolderslistforthevirtualmachine,selectthecheckboxnexttothename
ofthesharedfolderthatyouwanttoenable.
Alternatively,selectthesharedfolderandclickProperties.Tomakethefolder
readonly,usethePropertiesbutton.Inthedialogboxthatappears,selectthe
checkboxforsharingthefolderandclickOK.
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Performanceimprovements,asdescribedinPerformanceImprovementson
page 178.
SupportforsymboliclinksifyouuseaLinuxhost.
Anewmechanismformountingsharedfolders,asdescribedinFolder
Mountingonpage 178.Thismechanismallowsyoutomountoneormore
directoriesorsubdirectoriestoanylocationinyourfilesystem.
Permissionsenhancements,asdescribedinImprovedHandlingofPermissions
onpage 179.
Performance Improvements
Amongotherperformanceimprovements,hostguestfilesharingisintegratedwiththe
guestpagecache.Filesinsharedfoldersarecachedforreadingandcanbewrittento
asynchronously.(Youwontseereadcachingbenefitsonfilesthatarebeingactively
writtentofromtheguest,however.)
Tospeedperformance,youcanalsousethettl(timetolive)optiontothemount
command.Usethisoptiontospecifytheintervalusedbythehgfs(hostguestfile
system)driverforvalidatingfileattributes.Forexample,ifyouusethefollowing
command,attributesarevalidatedevery3secondsinsteadofevery1second,whichis
thedefault:
mount -o ttl=3 -t vmhgfs .host:/<share> <mountpoint>
Beaware,however,thatlengtheningtheintervalinvolvessomerisk.Ifsomethinginthe
hostmodifiesafilesattributes,theguestmightnotgetthemodificationsasquickly,
anditispossiblethatthefilecouldbecomecorrupted.
Folder Mounting
Youcannowmountsharedfolderstootherlocationsbesidesthedefaultlocationof
/mnt/hgfs.Youcanusethemountprogramtomountallshares,oneshare,ora
subdirectorywithinasharetoanylocationinyourfilesystem.Forexample:
mount -t vmhgfs .host:/ /home/user1/shares
mountsallsharesto/home/user1/shares.
mount -t vmhgfs .host:/foo /tmp/foo
mountsthesharenamedfooto/tmp/foo.
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mountsthesubdirectorybarwithinthesharefooto/var/lib/bar.
Whenyouusethemountprogram,theVMwarehostguestfilesystemallowsyoutouse
VMwarespecificoptionsinadditiontothestandardmountsyntax.Toseeusage
informationhostguestfilesystemoptions,enter:
/sbin/mount.vmhgfs -h
NOTEWhenyouinstallVMwareTools,anentryismadetoetc/fstabtospecifythe
locationofsharedfolders.Youcaneditthisfiletochangeoraddentries.
InpreviousversionsofVMwareTools,whenaLinuxguestattemptedtomounta
sharedfolder,thevmware-guestdprogramattemptedtoperformthemount.Ifit
failed,theonlyevidenceofthefailurewasanemptyfolder.
WiththenewversionofVMwareTools,theToolsservicesscriptloadsadriverthat
performsthemount.Ifthemountfails,youwillseeamessageregardingMounting
HGFSshares(HGFSmeanshostguestfilesystem).
Themountmightfailifsharedfoldersaredisabledorifthesharedoesntexist.Inthis
case,receivingthefailuremessageistobeexpected.Youwillnolongerbepromptedto
reruntheVMwareToolsconfigurator(thevmware-config-tools.plfile).
Improved Handling of Permissions
ManyrefinementshavebeenmadeforLinuxguestsonbothLinuxandWindowshosts:
IfyouuseaLinuxhostandcreatefilesthatyouwanttosharewithaLinuxguest,
thefilepermissionsshownontheguestareexactlythesameasthoseonthehost.
Usefmaskanddmasktomaskoutpermissionsbitsforfilesanddirectories.
IfyouuseaWindowshostandcreatefilesthatyouwanttosharewithaLinux
guest,readonlyfilesaredisplayedashavingreadandexecutepermissionfor
everyone,andotherfilesareshownasfullywritablebyeveryone.
IfyouuseaLinuxguesttocreatefilesthatyouwanttorestrictpermissionson,use
themountprogramwiththefollowingoptionsintheguest:uid,gid,fmask,
dmask,ro(readonly),andrw(readwrite).Notethatrwisthedefault.
AlsonotethatifyouareusingaWindowshostoraLinuxhostcreatedwitha
previousreleaseofWorkstation,youcanchangeonlytheownerpermissions.(This
behavioristhesameasinpreviousreleases.)
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Tomapadisk:
a
Makesurethatallvirtualmachinesthatusethediskarepoweredoff.
ChooseFile>MaporDisconnectVirtualDisks.
IntheMaporDisconnectVirtualDrivesdialogbox,clickMap.
Inthedialogboxthatappears,clickBrowse,navigatetothedesireddiskfile
(.vmdkfile),andselectit.ClickOpen.
YouarereturnedtotheMapaVirtualDiskdialogbox.
Selectthevolumeyouwanttomap,andselectadriveletterthatisnotyet
beingusedonyourhost.
CAUTIONItisstronglyrecommendedthatyouleavethecheckboxcalled
Openfileinreadonlymodeselected.Thissettingpreventsyoufrom
accidentallywritingdatatoavirtualdiskthatmightbetheparentofa
snapshotorlinkedclone.Writingtosuchadiskcouldmakethesnapshotor
cloneunusable.
ClickOK.
ThedrivenowappearsinWindowsExploreronyourhost.
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Fromthehost,readfromorwritetofilesonthemappedvirtualdisk,asdesired.
Whenyouarefinishedandwanttoaccessthisdiskfromavirtualmachineagain,
proceedtothenextstep.
Todisconnectthehostfromthedisk:
a
ChooseFile>MaporDisconnectVirtualDisks.
IntheMaporDisconnectVirtualDrivesdialogbox,selectthevolumethatyou
wanttodisconnectandclickDisconnect.
Ifyoureceiveanerrormessageaskingwhetheryouwanttoforcibly
disconnect,clickYes.
ClickOK.
Youcannowpoweronanyvirtualmachinethatusesthisdisk.
NOTEAsanalternativetousingtheFile>MaporDisconnectVirtualDiskscommand,
youcanselectapoweredoffvirtualmachineandchooseVM>Settings>Hardwaretab.
SelectaharddiskandclickUtilities>Map.TheMapVirtualDiskdialogboxappears
withthecorresponding.vmdkfilealreadyselected.Todisconnect,choose
VM>Settings>Hardware,selecttheharddiskandclickUtilities>Disconnect.
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Selectthevirtualmachine.Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
Dooneofthefollowing:
Toaddanewdevicetoavirtualmachine,ontheHardwaretab,clickAddand
followtheinstructionsintheNewHardwarewizard.
Tochangesettingsforadevice,selectthedeviceintheleftpaneandmake
yourchangesinthesettingspanelontheright.ClickOKtosaveyourchanges
andclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Toremoveadevice,clickthenameofthedeviceandclickRemove.ClickOK
toclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredon.
Dooneofthefollowing:
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Removable
Devices><Device_Name>andthenConnectorDisconnect.
IfyouchooseEdit,adialogboxappears.Makethedesiredchangesandclick
OK.Ifyouneedassistance,clicktheHelpbuttontodisplayonlinehelp.
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FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings,andselectthedevice
intheleftpane.Inthesettingspanelontheright,intheDevicestatussection,
clickConnected,andclickOK.
Rightclickthedeviceiconinthenotificationareaofthewindowandchoose
ConnectorDisconnect.
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FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>CaptureMovie.
ASaveFiledialogboxappears.
EnterinformationforyourmovieandclickSave.
Usethefollowingguidelines:
TheQualitysettingdeterminesthecompressionandthereforethefilesizeof
theresultingmovie.
IfyouselectOmitframesinwhichnothingoccurs,themoviewillinclude
onlythoseperiodsoftimewhensomethingisactuallyhappeninginthe
virtualmachine.Thisreducesthefilesizeandlengthofthemovie.
Whilemoviecaptureisactive,aredcircle(avirtualLED)appearsinthe
notificationareaofthewindow.
Inthevirtualmachine,performtheactionsyouwanttohaveappearinthemovie.
Tostopthemovie,dooneofthefollowing:
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ChooseVM>StopMovieCapture.
RightclickthemoviecaptureiconinthenotificationareaandchooseStop
MovieCapture.Theredcircledisappearsfromthestatusbar,andyourmovie
issaved.
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OnWindowsmachines,makesureVMwareCODEC(coderdecoder)isinstalled.
ThisCODECisautomaticallyinstalledonwithWorkstationonWindowshosts.A
separatelydownloadableinstallerisalsoavailableforplaybackofmovieson
WindowsmachineswithoutWorkstation.Goto
http://www.vmware.com/download/ws/drivers_tools.html.
AlthoughyoucancaptureamovieonLinux,youneedtoplayitbackona
Windowsmachine.
Playbackyourmovieinanycompatiblemediaplayer.
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Youcannottakeorreverttosnapshots.
Youcannotchangethepowerstateofthevirtualmachine;thatis,youcannot
poweron,poweroff,suspend,orresume.Youcanshutdowntheguestoperating
system,however,whichmightpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
Youcannotcopyandpastetextbetweenthehostandguestoperatingsystem.
Youcannotconfigurethevirtualmachinewiththevirtualmachinesettingseditor,
andneithercanyouupgradeVMwareTools.
Remotedisplaydoesnotworkwellifyouarealsousingthe3Dfeature.This
featureisdescribedinExperimentalSupportforDirect3Donpage 322.
MakesuretheguestoperatingsystemhasVMwaretoolsinstalled.
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
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ClicktheOptionstab,andselectRemoteDisplay.
ClickEnableremotedisplay,specifyaportnumber,andifdesired,setapassword
forconnectingtothevirtualmachinefromaVNCclient.
Thepasswordcanbeupto8characterslong.Becauseitisnotencryptedwhenitis
sentbytheVNCclient,donotuseapasswordthatyouuseforothersystems.
NOTEAfterremotedisplayisenabledandusersconnecttothevirtualmachine
withaVNCclient,youcanusetheViewConnectedUsersbuttononthistabtosee
alistoftheconnectedusers.
ClickOK.
Tomakesurethevirtualmachineisconfiguredproperly,tryconnectingtoitwith
aVNCclient:
a
Onalocalorremotecomputer,startaVNCclient.
YoucanuseanyVNCclient,butnotaJavaviewerinabrowser.Ifyouneedto
downloadandinstallaVNCclient,oneofthemanyWebsiteswhereyoucan
buyorgetoneforfreeishttp://www.realvnc.com/download.html.
WhenpromptedfortheVNCservername,enterthenameorIPaddressofthe
hostcomputerandtheportnumberyouspecifiedinStep 5.
Usetheformat:
<machine_name>:<port_number>
Ifapasswordisrequired,enteronewhenprompted.
ThisisthesamepasswordyousetinStep 5.
Forinformationaboutmappingthekeyboardtovariouslanguages,seeSpecifyinga
LanguageKeymapforVNCClientsonpage 345.
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Thischapterprovidesinformationonhowtomoveyourvirtualmachinesfromone
hosttoanother,orelsewhereonthesamehost,plusrecommendationsonhowtoshare
virtualmachineswithotherusers.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
VirtualMachineIdentifier:UUIDonpage 187
MovingaVirtualMachineonpage 190
MovinganOlderVirtualMachineonpage 193
SharingVirtualMachineswithOtherUsersonpage 193
MovingLinkedClonesonpage 193
SharingVirtualMachineswithVMwarePlayeronpage 194
NOTEWhenyoumoveavirtualmachinetoanewhostcomputerortoadifferent
directoryonthesamehostcomputerorwhenyourenameadirectoryinthepathto
thevirtualmachinesconfigurationfileWorkstationgeneratesadifferentMAC
addressforthevirtualEthernetadapter.Foradditionalinformation,seeMaintaining
andChangingtheMACAddressofaVirtualMachineonpage 296.
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ThisUUIDisgeneratedwhenyouinitiallypoweronthevirtualmachine.Aslongas
youdonotmoveorcopythevirtualmachinetoanotherlocation,theUUIDremains
constant.TosetaspecificUUID,seeSpecifyingaUUIDforaVirtualMachineon
page 189.
Youhavefouroptions:Create,Keep,AlwaysCreate,AlwaysKeep.Theproper
selectiondependsonthecauseforthechangedUUID:
KeepIfthevirtualmachinewasmovedratherthancopied,youcanchooseto
keeptheUUID.
CreateIfthevirtualmachinewascopiedtoanewlocation,youshouldcreatea
newUUIDsothatthecopywillhaveitsownUUIDandnotconflictwiththatof
theoriginalvirtualmachine.Ifyouarenotsurewhichoptiontochoose,thesafest
optionisCreate.
AlwaysCreateIftheoriginalvirtualmachineisbeingusedasamastercopyfor
morevirtualmachines,youcancreateanewUUIDthefirsttimeyoupoweron
eachcopy.Afteryouconfigurethevirtualmachineandarereadytomakeita
mastercopy,moveittoanewlocationandpoweriton.Whenthemessageappears
afteryoupoweron,selectAlwaysCreate.Thevirtualmachineissetuptocreatea
newUUIDeverytimeitismoved.Poweroffthevirtualmachineandbeginusing
itasamastercopybycopyingthevirtualmachinefilestootherlocations.
NOTEYoucanavoidhavingtousethisprocessofcreatingamastercopythat
alwayscreatesanewUUIDifyousimplyclonethevirtualmachineratherthan
copyit.
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AlwaysKeepIfyouintendtomovethevirtualmachinenumeroustimesand
wanttokeepthesameUUIDeachtimethevirtualmachinemoves,selectAlways
Keep.
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NOTETochangetheAlwaysKeeporAlwaysCreatesetting,poweroffthevirtual
machineandedititsconfigurationfile(.vmx).Deletethelinethatcontains:
uuid.action = "create"
or
uuid.action = "keep"
Or,conversely,ifyouwanttospecifytoalwayskeeporalwayscreatetheUUID
andnotprompttheusertochooseasettingwhenfirstpoweringonthevirtual
machine,edittheconfigurationfileandaddtheappropriatelineforuuid.action.
Suspendingandresumingavirtualmachinedoesnottriggertheprocessthatgenerates
aUUID.Thus,theUUIDinuseatthetimethevirtualmachinewassuspendedremains
inusewhenthevirtualmachineisresumed,evenifithasbeencopiedormoved.
However,thenexttimethevirtualmachineisrebooted,themessageappears,soyou
canchoosetocreateanewUUIDorkeeptheexistingone.
YoumightwanttoassignaspecificUUIDtothevirtualmachine.Todothis,youneed
tooverridethegeneratedUUIDvalue.Poweroffthevirtualmachineandeditits
configurationfile(.vmx)tosetthevalueoftheUUIDparameter.Useatexteditortoedit
theconfigurationfile.Theformatforthelineis:
uuid.bios = <uuidvalue>
TheUUIDvaluemustbesurroundedbyquotationmarks.Asampleconfigurationline
lookslike:
uuid.bios = "00 11 22 33 44 55 66 77-88 99 aa bb cc dd ee ff"
Afteraddingthislinetotheconfigurationfile,poweronthevirtualmachine.Thenew
UUIDisusedwhenthevirtualmachineboots.
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NOTEIfthehostisauniprocessormachine,assigningtwoprocessorsisneither
supportednorrecommended.Awarningmessagewillappear.Youcandisregardthis
messageandassigntwoprocessorstothevirtualmachine,butwhenyoufinishcreating
thevirtualmachine,youwillnotbeabletopoweritonunlessyoumoveittoahost
machinewithatleasttwologicalprocessors.
Opening a Virtual Machine Created in ESX Server That Has More Than
Two Processors
YoucanuseWorkstation5.5orhigher,runningonamultiprocessorhostmachine,to
openavirtualmachinecreatedinVMwareESXServerthathasoneormorevirtual
processors.However,inWorkstationyoucannotpoweronorresumeavirtualmachine
thathasmorethantwovirtualprocessorsassigned,evenifmoreprocessorswere
assignedwhenthevirtualmachinewascreatedinESXServer.
Youcanseethissettinginthevirtualmachinessummaryvieworbyusingthevirtual
machinesettingseditor.
To open an ESX virtual machine that has more than two processors
1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings>Hardware>Processors,and
notethatNumberofProcessorsissettoOther(x),wherexisthenumberof
processorsoriginallyassignedinESXServer.
Workstationpreservesthisoriginalconfigurationsettingforthenumberof
processors,eventhoughtwoisthemaximumnumberofprocessorssupported.
Changethissettingtotwoprocessorssothatyoucanpoweronthevirtualmachine
inWorkstation.
Notethatonceyoucommitachangetothissetting,theoriginalsettingfornumber
ofprocessorsisdiscarded,andnolongerappearsasanoptioninthevirtual
machinesettingseditor.
Workstation4.x,5.x,6.x
GSXServer3.x
VMwareServer1.x
ESXServer2.xor3.x
VMwareACE1.x,2.x
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SeeLegacyVirtualDisksonpage 222formoreinformationonvirtualmachine
formatsfromolderVMwareproducts.
To move a virtual machine
1
Makesurethatallthevirtualmachinefilesarestoredinthevirtualmachine
directory.
Forexample,ifyouconfiguredtheworkingdirectorytobelocatedinadifferent
locationonthehost,moveitintothevirtualmachinedirectoryandusethevirtual
machinesettingseditor(VM>Settings>Options>General)topointtothislocation.
Ifthevirtualmachineyouwanttomoveisalinkedclone,seeMovingLinked
Clonesonpage 193.
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsystemandpoweroffthevirtualmachine.
Ifthevirtualmachineissuspended,resumeitandthenshutitdown.
Copyallthefilesinthevirtualmachinedirectorytothenewlocation.
Tomovethevirtualmachinesfilestoanotherhost,ifyoudonthaveanetwork
connectiontothenewhost,useasharednetworkdirectory,burnthefilesontoa
DVD,orusesomeotherstoragemediathathasenoughdiskspace.
NOTEForadescriptionofthefilesthatyouaremoving,seeFilesThatMakeUp
aVirtualMachineonpage 110.
StartWorkstationandopenthevirtualmachineinitsnewlocation,asfollows:
ChooseFile>Open,andbrowsetothevirtualmachinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.
IfthevirtualmachineisanESXServervirtualmachinewithmorethantwo
processors,seeMovingSMPVirtualMachinesBetweenWorkstationandESX
Serveronpage 368.
NOTEIfyouaremovingthevirtualmachinetoadifferentlocationonthesame
host,removethevirtualmachinefromtheFavoriteslistandadditbackusingthe
newlocation.
Whenyouarecertainthatthevirtualmachineinthenewlocationworkscorrectly,
youcandeletethevirtualmachinefilesfromtheoldlocation,ifdesired.
Ifthevirtualmachineinthenewlocationisnotworkingcorrectly,examinethe
virtualmachineintheoriginallocationtofindoutwhetheryoumissedcopying
somefiles,perhapsbecausetheywereoutsideofthevirtualmachinedirectory.
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Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditor(VM>Settings>Hardware)toselectdevices
andfindoutwhetheranyassociatedfilespointtolocationsthatcannotbeaccessed
fromthenewvirtualmachine.
Onlyoneusercanrunavirtualmachineatatime.Otheruserscanalsosharea
virtualmachinebymakingalinkedcloneofit.Alinkedcloneisacopythatuses
thesamevirtualdisksastheparentvirtualmachineitwascopiedfrom.See
CloningaVirtualMachineonpage 247.
OnWindowshosts,relocatethevirtualmachinefilestoadirectorythatis
accessibletoallappropriateusers.ThedefaultlocationforaWindowshostisnot
typicallyaccessibletootherusers:
OnWindowsVista:C:\Users\<user name>\Documents\Virtual
Machines
WhenyouconfigurethevirtualmachineintheNewVirtualMachinewizard,you
canspecifyalocationforthevirtualmachineelsewhereonyoursystemorona
networkvolume.
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OnLinuxhosts,permissionsforthevirtualmachinefilesshouldbesetforother
usersaccordingtohowyouwantthemtousethevirtualmachine.
Permissionssettingsareespeciallyimportantfortheconfigurationfile(.vmx)and
virtualdisks(.vmdk).Forexample,ifyouwantuserstorunavirtualmachinebut
notbeabletomodifyitsconfiguration,donotmaketheconfigurationfilewritable.
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OpenVMwarePlayer,eitherfromthegraphicaluserinterface(GUI)orfromthe
commandline:
FromtheGUI,onWindows,selectVMwarePlayerfromthe
Start>Programs>VMwaremenu.InaLinuxXsession,selectVMwarePlayer
fromthecorrespondingprogrammenu,suchastheSystemToolsmenu.
Fromthecommandline,openacommandprompt,andenteroneofthe
followingcommands:
OnWindows:<path>vmplayer.exe
where<path>istheappropriatepathonyoursystemtotheapplication
file.
OnLinux:vmplayer &
Openavirtualmachine.
Whenyoulaunchtheplayer,itdisplaysaWelcomepagethatgivesyoutheoption
ofbrowsingtoavirtualmachinefile,openingarecentlyusedvirtualmachine,or
downloadingavirtualappliancefromtheVMTN(VMwareTechnologyNetwork)
Website.
Shutdowntheguestoperatingsysteminthevirtualmachine.Theplayercloses
aftertheguestoperatingsystemshutsdown.
InVMwarePlayer,chooseVMwarePlayer>Exit(Windows)orPlayer>Quit
(Linux).Playerwilleithersuspendorpoweroffthevirtualmachine,dependingon
thepreferenceyousetforexitbehaviorinPlayer>Preferences.
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Followingarerecommendationstohelpyouconfigurevirtualmachinesformaximum
compatibilitywithVMwarePlayerandwiththewidestrangeofhostmachines:
Determinewhichvirtualdevicesareactuallyrequired,anddontincludeanythat
arenotneededorusefulforthesoftwareyouaredistributingwiththevirtual
machineandVMwarePlayer.Forexample,genericSCSIdevicesareextremely
unlikelytobeappropriate.
Toconnectaphysicaldevicetoavirtualdevice,usetheAutodetectoptionswhen
configuringthevirtualmachine.TheAutodetectoptionsallowthevirtual
machinetoadapttotheuserssystem,andtheyworkwhetherthehostoperating
systemisWindowsorLinux.Userswhohavenophysicaldeviceatallwillreceive
awarningmessage.
ToconnectaCDROMorfloppytoanimagefilethatyoushipwiththevirtual
machine,makesuretheimagefileisinthesamedirectoryasthevirtualmachine.
Thisway,arelativepath,ratherthananabsolutepath,isused.
ForbothaphysicalCDROMandanimage,providetwovirtualCDROMdevices
inthevirtualmachine.VMwarePlayerdoesnotprovideawayintheuserinterface
toswitchasingleCDROMdevicebetweenaphysicalCDROMandanimage.
Thisalsomeansthatifyouwanttoshipmultipleimages,theuserwillnotbeable
toswitchbetweenthem.
Chooseareasonableamountofmemorytoallocatetothevirtualmachine.Ifthe
usershostmachinedoesnothaveenoughphysicalmemorytosupportthe
memoryallocation,theplayercannotpoweronthevirtualmachine.
InstallVMwareToolsinthevirtualmachine.VMwareToolssignificantlyimproves
theusersexperienceworkingwiththevirtualmachine.
Chooseareasonablescreenresolutionfortheguest.Auserislikelytofinditeasier
toincreasetheresolutionmanuallythantodealwithadisplaythatexceedsthe
usersphysicalscreensize.
SomehostoperatingsystemsdonotsupportCDROMsinnonlegacymode.To
ensurethatCDROMsworkproperlyinvirtualmachinesthatyouintendtobe
distributedandplayedonVMwarePlayer,configureCDROMdevicesinlegacy
mode.Formoreinformation,seeLegacyEmulationforDVDandCDDriveson
page 214.
MakeanappropriatesettinginVM>Settings>Options>Snapshots>When
poweringoff.SetthisoptiontoJustpowerofforReverttosnapshot.VMware
Playerdoesnotallowtakingsnapshots.
TheoptionReverttosnapshotisusefulifyouwanttodistributeademothatresets
itselftoacleanstatewhenpoweredoff.
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Using Disks
Thischapterprovidesinformationonconfiguringyourvirtualmachinesharddisk
storagesoitbestmeetsyourneeds.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
OverviewofDiskStorageinaVirtualMachineonpage 197
MaintenanceTasksforVirtualDisksonpage 201
AddingVirtualandPhysicalDiskstoaVirtualMachineonpage 204
UsingVMwareVirtualDiskManageronpage 216
UsingDualBootComputerswithVirtualMachinesonpage 222
LegacyVirtualDisksonpage 222
TomapanexistingvirtualdiskdrivetoaWindowshostmachine,ratherthanadding
ittoavirtualmachine,seeUsingaMappedDrive(WindowsOnly)onpage 180.
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Virtual Disks
Inmostcases,itisbesttoconfigurevirtualmachinestousevirtualharddisksrather
thanphysicalharddisks.Avirtualdiskisafileorsetoffilesthatappearsasaphysical
diskdrivetoaguestoperatingsystem.Thefilescanbeonthehostmachineorona
remotecomputer.Whenyouconfigureavirtualmachinewithavirtualdisk,youcan
installanewoperatingsystemontothevirtualdiskwithoutrepartitioningaphysical
diskorrebootingthehost.
Portability
Akeyadvantageofvirtualdisksistheirportability.Becausethevirtualdisksarestored
asfilesonthehostmachineoraremotecomputer,youcanmovethemeasilytoanew
locationonthesamecomputerortoadifferentcomputer.YoucanalsouseWorkstation
onaWindowshosttocreatevirtualdisks,andthenmovethemtoaLinuxcomputer
andusethemunderWorkstationforLinux,andthereverse.Formoreinformation,see
MovingandSharingVirtualMachinesonpage 187.
Lock Files
Arunningvirtualmachinecreateslockfilestopreventconsistencyproblemsonvirtual
disks.Ifthevirtualmachinedidnotuselocks,multiplevirtualmachinesmightread
andwritetothedisk,causingdatacorruption.
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Lockfilesareusedtoprotectavirtualmachineandarecreatedinsubdirectorieswith
a.lcksuffix.Thelockingsubdirectoriesresideinthesamedirectoryasthevirtual
machines.vmdkfiles.Alockingsubdirectoryandlockfilearecreatedfor.vmdkfiles,
.vmxfiles,and.vmemfiles.
AsoftheWorkstation6release,aunifiedlockingmethodisusedonallhostoperating
systems,sofilessharedbetweenthemarefullyprotected.Forexample,ifoneuseron
aLinuxhosttriestopoweronavirtualmachinethatisalreadypoweredonbyanother
userwithaWindowshost,thelockfileswillpreventtheseconduserfrompoweringon
thevirtualmachine.
Whenavirtualmachinepowersoff,itremovesthelockingsubdirectoriesandtheir
lockfiles.Ifitcannotremovetheselockingcontrols,oneormorestalelockfilesmight
beleft.Forexample,ifthehostmachinecrashesbeforethevirtualmachinehasachance
toremoveitslockingcontrols,stalelockfilesremain.
Whenthevirtualmachinestartsagain,itscansanylockingsubdirectoriesforstalelock
filesand,whenpossible,removesthem.Alockfileisconsideredstaleifbothofthe
followingconditionsaretrue:
Thelockfilewascreatedonthesamehostthatisnowrunningthevirtualmachine.
Theprocessthatcreatedthelockisnolongerrunning.
Ifthosetwoconditionsaretrue,thevirtualmachinecansafelyremovethestalelockor
locks.Ifeitherofthoseconditionsisnottrue,adialogboxappears,warningyouthat
thevirtualmachinecannotbepoweredon.Ifyouaresureitissafetodoso,youcan
deletethelockingdirectoriesandtheirlockfilesmanually.
Physicaldiskpartitionsarealsoprotectedbylocks.However,thehostoperatingsystem
isnotawareofthislockingconventionandthusdoesnotrespectit.Forthisreason,
VMwarestronglyrecommendsthatthephysicaldiskforavirtualmachinenotbe
installedonthesamephysicaldiskasthehostoperatingsystem.
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Avirtualdiskofeithertypecanbestoredoneithertypeofphysicalharddisk.Thatis,
thefilesthatmakeupanIDEvirtualdiskcanbestoredoneitheranIDEharddiskora
SCSIharddisk.SocanthefilesthatmakeupaSCSIvirtualdisk.Theycanalsobestored
onothertypesoffastaccessstoragemedia.
Physical Disks
Insomecircumstances,youmightneedtogiveyourvirtualmachinedirectaccesstoa
physicalharddriveonyourhostcomputer.Aphysicaldiskdirectlyaccessesanexisting
localdiskorpartition.YoucanusephysicaldisksifyouwantWorkstationtorunone
ormoreguestoperatingsystemsfromexistingdiskpartitions.
NOTEOnlyexpertusersshouldattemptphysicaldiskconfigurations.
Althoughvirtualdisksarelimitedto950GB,physicaldiskscanbesetuponbothIDE
andSCSIdevicesofupto2TBcapacity.Bootingfromanoperatingsystemalreadyset
uponanexistingSCSIdiskorpartitioniscurrentlynotsupported.
Also,onWindowsVistahosts,youcannotusethesystempartition,orthephysicaldisk
thatcontainsit,inavirtualmachine.
CAUTIONIfyourunanoperatingsystemnativelyonthehostcomputer,andswitchto
runningitinsideavirtualmachine,thechangeislikepullingtheharddriveoutofone
computerandinstallingitinasecondcomputerwithadifferentmotherboardandother
hardware.Thestepsyoutakedependontheoperatingsystemyouwanttouseinside
thevirtualmachine.Fordetails,seetheVMwaretechnicalnoteDualBootComputersand
VirtualMachines.
Youcanalsocreateanewvirtualmachinethatusesaphysicaldisk.Fordetails,see
UsingPhysicalDisksinaVirtualMachineonpage 207.Inmostcases,however,itis
bettertouseavirtualdisk.Ifyouusephysicaldisk,the.vmdkfilestoresinformation
aboutthephysicaldiskorpartitionusedbythevirtualmachine.
Afteryouconfigureavirtualmachinetouseoneormorepartitionsonaphysicaldisk,
dontmodifythepartitiontablesbyrunningfdiskorasimilarutilityintheguest
operatingsystem.
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Ifyouusefdiskorasimilarutilityonthehostoperatingsystemtomodifythepartition
tableofthephysicaldisk,youmustrecreatethevirtualmachinesphysicaldisk.All
filesthatwereonthephysicaldiskarelostwhenyoumodifythepartitiontable.
WARNINGDonotuseaphysicaldisktosharefilesbetweenhostandguestoperating
systems.Itisnotsafetomakethesamepartitionvisibletobothhostandguest.Youcan
causedatacorruptionifyoudothis.Tosharefilesbetweenhostandguestoperating
systems,usesharedfolders.Fordetails,seeUsingSharedFoldersonpage 173.
DefragmentingVirtualDisksonpage 201
ShrinkingVirtualDisksonpage 202
Runadiskdefragmentationutilityinsidetheguestoperatingsystem.
Forexample,inavirtualmachinewithaWindowsXPguestoperatingsystem,use
theWindowsXPDiskDefragmentertoolfromwithinthevirtualmachine.
DefragmentthevirtualdiskbyusingtheWorkstationdefragmentationtool:
a
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
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SelectHardDisk,anddooneofthefollowing:
OnLinuxhosts,clickDefragment.
OnWindowshosts,clicktheUtilitiesbutton,andchooseDefragment.
Whentheprocessisfinished,clickOKtoclosethedialogbox.
NOTEThiscapabilityworksonlywithgrowablevirtualdisks,notphysical
disksorvirtualdiskswhosediskspacewaspreallocated.
3
Runadiskdefragmentationutilityonthehostcomputer.
Defragmentingdiskscantakeconsiderabletime.
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Youpreallocateddiskspacewhenyoucreatedthedisk.
Thevirtualmachinehasanysnapshots.Todeleteasnapshot,choose
VM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.SelectthesnapshotandclicktheDelete
button(onWindows)oricon(onthesnapshottoolbaronLinux).
Thevirtualdiskisalinkedcloneoristheparentofalinkedclone.
Thevirtualmachinecontainsphysicaldisks.
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ThevirtualdiskisstoredonaCDROM.
Thevirtualdiskisanindependentdiskinnonpersistentmode.
Youcanchangethemodeofavirtualdiskbeforethevirtualmachineispowered
on.SeeExcludingVirtualDisksfromSnapshotsonpage 232foradiscussionof
independentdisks.
WipingTakesplaceintheguestoperatingsystem.VMwareToolsreclaimsall
unusedportionsofdiskpartitions(suchasdeletedfiles)andpreparesthemfor
shrinking.Duringthisphase,youcanstillinteractwiththevirtualmachine.
ShrinkingTakesplaceonthehost.Workstationreducesthesizeofthedisksfiles
bytheamountofdiskspacereclaimedinthewipeprocess.Duringthisphase,the
virtualmachineisstopped,andyoucannotinteractwithit.
LaunchtheVMwareToolscontrolpanel,asappropriateforyouroperatingsystem:
ForaWindowsguest,clicktheVMwareToolsiconinthenotificationareaof
thetaskbar,orchooseStart>Settings>ControlPanel,thendoubleclick
VMwareTools.
ForaLinux,Solaris,orFreeBSDguest,becomerootandrunvmware-toolbox.
Ifyoushrinkdisksasanonrootuseryoucannotwipethepartsofthevirtual
diskthatrequirerootlevelpermissions.
ClicktheShrinktab.
SelectthevirtualdisksyouwanttoshrinkandclickPreparetoShrink.
Adialogboxtrackstheprogressofthewipingprocess.
NOTEIfyoudeselectsomepartitions,thewholediskstillshrinks.However,those
partitionsarenotwipedforshrinking,andtheshrinkprocessdoesnotreducethe
sizeofthevirtualdiskasmuchasitwouldwithallpartitionsselected.
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WhenVMwareToolsfinisheswipingtheselecteddiskpartitions,andyouare
promptedtoshrinkdisksnow,clickYes.
Adialogboxtrackstheprogressoftheshrinkingprocess.Shrinkingdiskscantake
considerabletime.
ClickOKtofinish.
AddingaNewVirtualDisktoaVirtualMachineonpage 204
AddinganExistingVirtualDisktoaVirtualMachineonpage 206
RemovingaVirtualDiskfromaVirtualMachineonpage 206
UsingPhysicalDisksinaVirtualMachineonpage 207
ManyotherSCSIdevicescanbeconnectedtoavirtualmachinebyusingthehost
operatingsystemsgenericSCSIdriver.SeeConnectingtoaGenericSCSIDeviceon
page 359.
TomapanexistingvirtualdiskdrivetoaWindowshostmachine,ratherthanadding
ittoavirtualmachine,seeUsingaMappedDrive(WindowsOnly)onpage 180.
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Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizard.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectHardDiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectaDiskpage,selectCreateanewvirtualdiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectaDiskTypepage,choosewhetheryouwantthevirtualdisktobean
IDEdiskoraSCSIdisk.
InformationabouttherequirementsofcreatingaSCSIdiskappearsinDiskType:
IDEVersusSCSIonpage 199.
AlsoontheSelectaDiskTypepage,ifyouwanttoexcludedisksfromsnapshots,
intheModesection,selectIndependentforthemodeandchooseoneofthe
followingoptions:
PersistentChangesareimmediatelyandpermanentlywrittentothedisk.
NonpersistentChangestothediskarediscardedwhenyoupoweroffor
reverttoasnapshot.
Formoreinformation,seeUsingSnapshotsonpage 227.
8
OntheSpecifyDiskCapacitypage,setthecapacityforthenewvirtualdisk.
Youcansetasizebetween0.1GBand950GBforavirtualdisk.Formore
informationaboutthechoices,seeDiskSizeandFilesonpage 198.
OntheSpecifyDiskFilepage,acceptthedefaultfilenameandlocationorbrowse
toadifferentlocation.
10
ClickFinish.
Thewizardcreatesthenewvirtualdisk.Itappearstoyourguestoperatingsystem
asanew,blankharddisk.
11 Usetheguestoperatingsystemstoolstopartitionandformatthenewdrivefor
use.
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Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizard.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectHardDiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectaDiskpage,selectUseanexistingvirtualdiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectanExistingDiskpage,enterthepathnameandfilenameforthe
existingdiskfile,orbrowsetothefileandclickOK.
IfyouwanttomapanexistingvirtualdiskdrivetoaWindowshostmachine,see
UsingaMappedDrive(WindowsOnly)onpage 180.
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Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
SelectthevirtualdiskyouwanttoremoveandclickRemove.
Thevirtualdiskisdisconnectedfromvirtualmachine.
Becausethevirtualmachineandguestoperatingsystemaccessaphysicaldisk
partitionwhilethehostcontinuestorunitsoperatingsystem,verifythatthe
partitionisnotmountedbythehostorinusebyanothervirtualmachine.
Corruptionispossibleifyouallowthevirtualmachinetomodifyapartitionthat
issimultaneouslymountedunderthehostsoperatingsystem.
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Checktheguestoperatingsystemdocumentationregardingthetypeofpartition
onwhichtheoperatingsystemcanbeinstalled.Forexample,onWindowsVista
hosts,youcannotusethesystempartition,orthephysicaldiskthatcontainsit,in
avirtualmachine.
DOS,Windows95,andWindows98operatingsystemsmustbeinstalledonthe
firstprimarypartition,whereasotheroperatingsystems,suchasLinux,canbe
installedonaprimaryoranextendedpartitiononanypartofthedrive.
Makesurethephysicalpartitionordiskdoesnothavedatayouwillneedinthe
future.Ifitdoes,backupthedata.
(Windowsonly)IfyouuseaWindowshostsIDEdiskinaphysicaldisk
configuration,makesureitisnotconfiguredastheslaveonthesecondaryIDE
channelifthemasteronthatchannelisaCDROMdrive.
(Windowsonly)IfyourhostisrunningWindows2000,WindowsXP,orWindows
Server2003,donotuseadynamicdiskasaphysicaldiskinsideavirtualmachine.
Youcanusethediskmanagementtooltocheckthetypeofdiskusedand,ifitisa
dynamicdisk,changeittoabasicdisk(whichdestroysalldata),asfollows:
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OpenthediskmanagementtoolbychoosingStart>Settings>Control
Panel>AdministrativeTools>ComputerManagement>DiskManagement.
Deletealllogicalvolumesonthedisk.Thisdestroysalldataonthedisk.
RightclickthediskiconandselectReverttoBasicDisk.
Createthepartitionsyouwantonthedisk.
(Windowsonly)Makesurethepartitionyouwanttouseisunmappedinthehost,
asfollows:
WindowsNThost:UsetheDiskAdministrator
(Start>Programs>AdministrativeTools).Highlightthepartitiononwhich
youplantoinstalltheguestoperatingsystem,andchooseTools>Assign
DriveLetter.Inthedialogbox,chooseDonotassignadriveletterforthe
partitionandclickOK.Theunmappinghappensimmediately.
WindowsServer2003,WindowsXP,orWindows2000host:UseDisk
Management(Start>Settings>ControlPanel>Administrative
Tools>ComputerManagement>Storage>DiskManagement).Selectthe
partitionyouwanttounmap,andchooseAction>AllTasks>ChangeDrive
LetterandPaths.ClickRemove.
WindowsVistahost:UseDiskManagement(Start>ControlPanel(Classic
View)>AdministrativeTools>ComputerManagement>Storage>Disk
VMware, Inc.
Management).Rightclickthepartitionyouwanttounmap,andchoose
ChangeDriveLetterandPaths.ClickRemove.
(Linuxonly)Setthedevicegroupmembershipordeviceownership,asfollows:
a
Makesurethemasterphysicaldiskdeviceordevicesarereadableand
writablebytheuserwhorunsVMwareWorkstation.Onmostdistributions,
thephysicaldevices,suchas/dev/hda(IDEphysicaldisk)and/dev/sdb
(SCSIphysicaldisk)belongtogroupiddisk.Ifthisisthecase,youcanadd
VMwareWorkstationuserstothediskgroup.
Anotheroptionistochangetheownerofthedevice.Considerallthesecurity
issuesinvolvedinthisoption.
GrantVMwareWorkstationusersaccesstoall/dev/hd[abcd]physical
devicesthatcontainoperatingsystemsorbootmanagers.
YoucanthenrelyonthephysicaldiskconfigurationfilesinVMwareWorkstation
toguardaccess.Thisprovidesbootmanagersaccesstoconfigurationfilesand
otherfilestheymightneedtoboottheoperatingsystems.Forexample,LILOneeds
toread/bootonaLinuxpartitiontobootanonLinuxoperatingsystemthat
mightbeonanotherdrive.
Afteryouarefinishedpreparingthephysicaldisk,useeitherofthefollowingstrategies
tousethephysicaldiskinavirtualmachine:
CreatingaNewVirtualMachineThatUsesaPhysicalDiskonpage 209
UsingtheVirtualMachineSettingsEditortoAddaPhysicalDiskonpage 211
ForgeneralinformationaboutusingphysicaldiskswithWorkstation,seePhysical
Disksonpage 200.
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MakesureyouhavecompletedthetasksdescribedinPrerequisitesforUsinga
PhysicalDiskonpage 207.
Becausetheprocessissimilarforcreatinganytypeofvirtualmachine,followthe
instructionsinSettingUpaNewVirtualMachineonpage 89,butbesuretouse
thefollowingoptionswhencompletingthewizard:
Whenpromptedtospecifythetypeofvirtualmachineconfiguration,select
Custom.
OntheSelectaDiskpage,selectUseaphysicaldisk,andspecifywhetheryou
wanttouseindividualpartitionsortheentiredisk.
Ifyouuseindividualpartitions,onlythepartitionsyouselectwillbe
accessibletothevirtualmachine.Theotherpartitionsmightbevisibletothe
guestoperatingsystem,butitisnotpossibletomount,access,orformatthem.
Afteryoufinishcreatingthevirtualmachine,ifyouwanttospecifyadevicenode
foryourvirtualdisk,orifyouwanttoexcludedisksfromsnapshots,usethevirtual
machinesettingseditor,asfollows:
a
Selectthevirtualmachine,andchooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
OntheHardwaretab,selectthephysicaldiskandclickAdvanced.
Ifyouwanttoexcludedisksfromsnapshots,selectIndependentforthemode
andchooseoneofthefollowingoptions:
PersistentChangesareimmediatelyandpermanentlywrittentothe
disk.
NonpersistentChangestothediskarediscardedwhenyoupoweroff
orreverttoasnapshot.
Formoreinformationonthesnapshotfeature,seeUsingSnapshotson
page 227.
4
Installtheguestoperatingsystemonthephysicaldisk.
BesuretousetheVMwareGuestOperatingSystemInstallationGuide,whichcontains
instructionsspecifictoeachtypeofsupportedoperatingsystem.Thisguideis
availablefromtheWorkstationHelpmenu.
Formoreinformationaboutusingphysicaldisks,seePhysicalDisksonpage 200.
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Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizard.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectHardDiskandclickNext.
OntheSelectaDiskpage,selectUseaphysicaldiskandclickNext.
Whenthewarningappears,clickOK.
CompletetheSelectaPhysicalDiskpageandclickNext.
Choosethephysicalharddisktousefromthedropdownlist.Workstation
supportsphysicaldisksupto2TB.
Selectwhetheryouwanttousetheentirediskoronlyindividualpartitionson
thedisk.IfyouselectUseentiredisk,continuewithStep 9.
IftheSelectPartitionspageappears,selectthepartitionsyouwanttouseinthe
virtualmachineandclickNext.
ThispageappearsifyouselectedUseindividualpartitionsinStep 7.
Onlythepartitionsyouselectwillbeaccessibletothevirtualmachine.Theother
partitionsmightbevisibletotheguestoperatingsystem,butitisnotpossibleto
mount,access,orformatthem.
OntheSpecifyDiskFilepage,acceptthedefaultfilenameandlocationorbrowse
toadifferentlocation.
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10
Tospecifyadevicenodeforyourvirtualdisk,ortoexcludedisksfromsnapshots,
clickAdvanced.
Toexcludedisksfromsnapshots,selectIndependentforthemodeandchooseone
ofthefollowingoptions:
PersistentChangesareimmediatelyandpermanentlywrittentothedisk.
NonpersistentChangestothediskarediscardedwhenyoupoweroffor
reverttoasnapshot.
Formoreinformationonthesnapshotfeature,seeUsingSnapshotsonpage 227.
11
ClickFinish.
Thewizardconfiguresthenewphysicaldisk.
12
Ifthepartitionsusedonthephysicaldiskarenotformattedforyourguest
operatingsystem,usetheguestoperatingsystemstoolstoformatthem.
CAUTIONRegardingtheuseoffdiskorasimilarutility:
Afteryouaddavirtualmachinediskbyusingoneormorepartitionsona
physicaldisk,nevermodifythepartitiontablesbyrunningfdiskorasimilar
utilityintheguestoperatingsystem.
Ifyouusefdiskorasimilarutilityonthehostoperatingsystemtomodify
thepartitiontableofthephysicaldisk,youmustrecreatethevirtual
machinesphysicaldisk.
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AddingDVDorCDDrivestoaVirtualMachineonpage 213
AddingFloppyDrivestoaVirtualMachineonpage 214
ConnectingaCDROM/DVDorFloppyDrivetoanImageFileonpage 215
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Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizard.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectDVD/CDROMDriveandclickNext.
MakeaselectionontheSelectaDriveConnectionpageandclickNext.
Dooneofthefollowing:
IfyouselectedUsephysicaldrive:
a
ChooseadrivefromthedropdownlistorchooseAutodetect.
IfyoudonotwanttheCDdriveconnectedwhenthevirtualmachinestarts,
deselectConnectatpoweron.
Tospecifywhichdevicenodethedriveshoulduseinthevirtualmachine,click
Advanced.
SelectLegacyemulationonlyifyouhavehadproblemsusingnormalmode.
Fordetails,seeLegacyEmulationforDVDandCDDrivesonpage 214.
Afteryouhavemadeanydesiredchangesinthesesettings,clickFinish.
IfyouselectedUseISOimage:
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Enterthepathandfilenamefortheimagefileorbrowsetothefile.
IfyoudonotwanttheCDdriveconnectedwhenthevirtualmachinestarts,
deselectConnectatpoweron.
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Ifyouwanttospecifywhichdevicenodethedriveshoulduseinthevirtual
machine,clickAdvanced.
Afteryouhavemadeanydesiredchangesinthesesettings,clickFinish.
ThedriveissetupinitiallysoitappearstotheguestoperatingsystemasanIDE
drive.
7
IfyouwantthedrivetoappeartotheguestoperatingsystemasaSCSIdrive,click
thedrivesentryinthevirtualmachinesettingseditorandmakethatchangeinthe
settingspanelontheright.
OnWindowshosts,thisoptionisdeselectedbydefault.
OnLinuxhostswithIDEdrives,thedefaultsettingdependsonwhetherthe
ide-scsimoduleisloadedinyourkernel.Theide-scsimodulemustbeloaded,
oryoumustbeusingaphysicalSCSIdrive,toconnectdirectlytotheDVDorCD
drive.
Ifyourunmorethanonevirtualmachineatatime,andiftheirCDdrivesareinlegacy
emulationmode,startthevirtualmachineswiththeirCDdrivesdisconnected.This
ensuresthatyoudonothavemultiplevirtualmachinesconnectedtotheCDdriveat
thesametime.
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Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizard.
OntheHardwareTypepage,selectFloppyDriveandclickNext.
Completetherestofthewizardbyusingtheinstructionsprovidedinthewizard
pages.
Ifyouareaddingasecondfloppydrivetothevirtualmachine,enablethissecond
floppydriveinthevirtualmachinesBIOS,asfollows:
a
Bootthevirtualmachine,andasitboots,clickinsidethevirtualmachine
windowandpressF2,toentertheBIOSsetuputility.
Onthemainscreen,chooseLegacyDisketteB:andusetheplus(+)andminus
()keysonthenumericalkeypadtoselectthetypeoffloppydriveyouwant
touse.PressF10tosavethesettings.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
SelecttheDVD/CDROMdriveorfloppydriveyouwanttoconnecttotheimage
file.
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Dooneofthefollowing:
ForaDVDorCDROM,selectUseISOImageandenterthepathnameand
filenameorbrowsetothefile.
Forafloppydrive:
Ifthefilealreadyexists,selectUsefloppyImageandenterthepathname
andfilenameorbrowsetothefile.
Ifyouwanttocreateanewimagefile,clickCreate.Browsetothe
directorywhereyouwanttostorethefloppyimagefile,supplya
filename,andclickSave(onWindowshosts)orOpen(onLinuxhosts).
Ifyouwanttomakethefilereadonly,selecttheReadOnlycheckbox.
5
ClickOK.
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Allspaceforthevirtualdiskisallocatedinadvance.Thiscorrespondstowhatthe
VirtualDiskManagercallsthepreallocateddisktype.
Spaceallocatedforthevirtualdiskbeginssmallandgrowsasneeded.This
correspondstowhattheVirtualDiskManagercallsthegrowabledisktype.
VMware, Inc.
WithVirtualDiskManageryoucanchangewhetherthevirtualdisktypeis
preallocatedorgrowableandwhetherthevirtualdiskisstoredinasinglefileorsplit
into2GBfiles.Forexample,youmightallocateallthediskspaceforavirtualdisk,but
laterfindthatyouneedtoreclaimsomeharddiskspaceonthehost.Youcanconvert
thepreallocatedvirtualdiskintoagrowabledisk,andthenremovetheoriginalvirtual
diskfile.Thenewvirtualdiskislargeenoughtocontainallthedataintheoriginal
virtualdisk.Thevirtualdiskgrowsasyouadddatatoit.
Thesefeaturesandtheabilitytousescriptingtoautomatemanagementofvirtualdisks
wereaddedtoWorkstationinversion5.0.
YoucanusetheVirtualDiskManagerto:
Automatethemanagementofvirtualdiskswithscripts.
Createvirtualdisksthatarenotassociatedwithaparticularvirtualmachine,for
example,tobeusedastemplates.
Switchthevirtualdisktypefrompreallocatedtogrowable,orfromgrowableto
preallocated.Whenyouchangethedisktypetogrowable,youreclaimsomedisk
space.Youcanshrinkthevirtualdisktoreclaimevenmorediskspace.
Expandthesizeofavirtualdisksoitislargerthanthesizespecifiedwhenyou
createdit.
Defragmentvirtualdisks.
Prepareandshrinkvirtualdiskswithoutpoweringonthevirtualmachine
(Windowshostsonly).
YoucanusetheVirtualDiskManagerwithvirtualdiskscreatedunderVMwareServer
andVMwareWorkstation.
NOTEYoucannotusetheVirtualDiskManagertocreatephysicaldisksorshrinkthem.
Thecommandsyntaxis:
vmware-vdiskmanager [options]
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Table 91liststheoptionsyoucanusewithvmware-vdiskmanager.Forexamplesof
howyouusetheseoptionstoperformvarioustasks,seeExamplesUsingtheVMware
VirtualDiskManageronpage 220.
Table 9-1. VMware Virtual Disk Manager Utility Commands
Options and
Parameters
<diskname>
Description
Nameofthevirtualdiskfile.Thevirtualdiskfilemusthavea.vmdkextension.
Specifyapathtothefolderwhereyouwanttostorethediskfiles.Ifyoumapped
anetworkshareonyourhostoperatingsystem,youcancreatethevirtualdiskon
thatsharebyprovidingthecorrectpathinformationwiththediskfilename.
-c
Createsthevirtualdisk.Usethe-a,-s,and-toptions,andspecifythenameof
thevirtualdisk(<diskname>).
-r
<sourcediskname>
Convertsthespecifiedvirtualdisk,creatinganewvirtualdiskasaresult.Usethe
-toptiontospecifythedisktypetowhichthevirtualdiskisconverted,and
specifythenameofthetargetvirtualdisk(<targetdiskname>).
Aftertheconversioniscompletedandyouhavetestedtheconvertedvirtualdisk
tomakesureitworksasexpected,deletetheoriginalvirtualdiskfile.
Forthevirtualmachinetorecognizetheconvertedvirtualdisk,usethevirtual
machinesettingseditortoremovetheexistingvirtualdiskfromthevirtual
machine,andthenaddtheconverteddisktothevirtualmachine.SeeAdding
VirtualandPhysicalDiskstoaVirtualMachineonpage 204.
-x <n>[GB|MB]
<diskname>
Expandsthevirtualdisktothespecifiedcapacity.Specifythenew,largersizeof
thevirtualdiskingigabytesormegabytes.Youcannotchangethesizeofa
physicaldisk.
Caution:BeforerunningtheVirtualDiskManagerutility,backupyourvirtual
diskfiles.
-d <diskname>
Defragmentsthespecifiedvirtualdisk.Youcandefragmentonlygrowable
virtualdisks.Youcannotdefragmentpreallocatedvirtualdisks.
-p <mountpoint>
(Windowsonly)Preparesavirtualdiskforshrinking.Formoreinformation,see
ShrinkingVirtualDiskswithVirtualDiskManager(Windows Only)on
page 219.
-k <diskname>
(Windowsonly)Shrinksthespecifiedvirtualdisk.Formoreinformation,see
ShrinkingVirtualDiskswithVirtualDiskManager(Windows Only)on
page 219.
-a [ide|buslogic|
lsilogic]
Specifiesthediskadaptertype.Specifyanadaptertypewhencreatinganew
virtualdisk.Chooseoneofthefollowingtypes:
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ideForanIDEadapter.
buslogicForaBusLogicSCSIadapter.
lsilogicForanLSILogicSCSIadapter.
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Description
-s <n>[GB|MB]
Specifiesthesizeofthevirtualdisk.Specifywhetherthesize<n>isingigabytes
ormegabytes.Specifythesizeofavirtualdiskwhenyoucreateit.
Eventhoughyoumustspecifythesizeofavirtualdiskwhenyouexpandit,do
notusethe-soption.
-t [0|1|2|3]
Specifythetypeofvirtualdiskwhenyoucreateanewoneorreconfigurean
existingone.Specifyoneofthefollowingdisktypes:
0Tocreateagrowablevirtualdiskcontainedinasinglevirtualdiskfile.
1Tocreateagrowablevirtualdisksplitinto2GBfiles.
2Tocreateapreallocatedvirtualdiskcontainedinasinglevirtualdiskfile.
3Tocreateapreallocatedvirtualdisksplitinto2GBfiles.
DisablesVirtualDiskManagerlogging.
-q
Ifyoukeeploggingenabled,messagesgeneratedbytheVirtualDiskManager
arestoredinalogfile.Thenameandlocationofthelogfileappearinthe
commandpromptorterminalwindowaftertheVirtualDiskManagercommand
isrun.
Mounteachvolumeofthevirtualdisk.
Ifthevirtualdiskispartitionedintovolumes,eachvolumeofthevirtualdisk
(driveC:orD:,forexample)mustbemustbemountedandpreparedseparately.
Tomountavolume,seeUsingaMappedDrive(WindowsOnly)onpage 180.Or
usetheVMwareDiskMountUtility,availableasafreedownloadfromtheVMware
Website.Gotowww.vmware.com/download/diskmount.html.TheVMware
DiskMountusersmanualisavailablefromtheVMwareWebsiteat
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www.vmware.com/pdf/VMwareDiskMount.pdf.Itcontainsinstructionson
mountingandunmountingvirtualdiskvolumeswithDiskMount.
2
UsetheVirtualDiskManagertopreparethevolumeforshrinking,asdescribedin
theexampleinPreparingaVirtualDiskforShrinkingonpage 221.
Disconnect(unmount)thevolume,eitherbyusingtheproceduredescribedin
UsingaMappedDrive(WindowsOnly)onpage 180orbyusingVMware
DiskMount.
Repeatthemounting,preparing,andunmountingprocessforeachvolumeofthe
virtualdisk.
UsetheVirtualDiskManagertoshrinkthevirtualdisk,asdescribedinthe
exampleinShrinkingaVirtualDiskonpage 222.
CreatingaVirtualDiskonpage 220
ConvertingaVirtualDiskonpage 220
IncreasingtheSizeofanExistingVirtualDiskonpage 221
RenamingaVirtualDiskonpage 221
DefragmentingaVirtualDiskonpage 221
PreparingaVirtualDiskforShrinkingonpage 221
ShrinkingaVirtualDiskonpage 222
Thiscreatesa40GBIDEvirtualdisknamedmyDisk.vmdk.Thevirtualdiskiscontained
inasingle.vmdkfile.Thediskspaceisnotpreallocated.
Thisconvertsthediskfromitsoriginalpreallocatedtypetoagrowablevirtualdiskthat
consistsofasinglevirtualdiskfile.Thevirtualdiskspaceisnolongerpreallocated,and
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theVirtualDiskManagerreclaimssomediskspaceinthevirtualdisksoitisonlyas
largeasthedatacontainedwithinit.
Thisincreasesthemaximumcapacityofthevirtualdiskto40GB.
Torenamethediskandkeepitinthesamelocation,use:
vmware-vdiskmanager -n myDisk.vmdk myNewDisk.vmdk
Torenamethediskandlocateitinadifferentdirectory,use:
vmware-vdiskmanager -n myDisk.vmdk ..\<new-path>\myNewDisk.vmdk
Tolocatethediskinadifferentdirectoryandkeepthesamename,use:
vmware-vdiskmanager -n myDisk.vmdk ..\<new-path>\myDisk.vmdk
Afteryourenameorrelocatethevirtualdisk,additbacktoanyvirtualmachinesthat
useit.Forinstructions,seeAddinganExistingVirtualDisktoaVirtualMachineon
page 206.
Youcannotdefragmentavirtualdiskifyouallocatedallthediskspacewhenyou
createdthevirtualdisk.Youcannotusethiscommandtodefragmentaphysicaldisk.
SeeDefragmentingDiskDrivesonpage 384foradiscussionoftheperformance
impactofdefragmentingdrives.
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procedureToshrinkavirtualdiskonpage 219.)Toprepareavolumeofthevirtual
diskforshrinking,usethefollowingcommand:
vmware-vdiskmanager -p M:
Afterthepreparationsarecomplete,unmountthevolume.Repeatthisprocessforeach
volumeofthevirtualdisk.Afteryouprepareallthevolumesforshrinking,youcan
shrinkthevirtualdisk.
Youcannotshrinkavirtualdiskifyouallocatedallthediskspacewhenyoucreatedthe
virtualdisk.Youcannotshrinkaphysicaldisk.
Ifthevirtualdiskhasanysnapshots,youcannotshrinkthevirtualdisk.Deleteall
snapshotsbeforeyoushrinkthevirtualdisk.
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Followingisabriefsummaryoffeaturecompatibilitybetweenvariousvirtual
hardwareversionsofVMwareWorkstation:
AWorkstation6virtualmachinesupportsallWorkstation6featuresbutisnot
compatiblewithotherVMwareproducts.
AWorkstation5virtualmachineiscompatiblewithVMwareServer1.x,ESX
Server3.x,andVMwarePlayer1.x.
Workstationversions5.5andlatersupport64bitguestoperatingsystems.
AWorkstation4virtualmachineiscompatiblewithVMwareGSXServer3.x,ESX
Server2.x,andACE1.0.
YoucanuseWorkstation6topoweronvirtualmachinescreatedwithanyofthe
productversionsinthislist.However,manynewfeaturesofWorkstationarenot
availableinoldervirtualmachines.Toupgradeyourvirtualmachinestoversion6,see
ChangingtheVersionoftheVirtualMachineonpage 61.
IfyoudecidenottoupgradeavirtualmachinetoWorkstation6,VMwarerecommends
thatyouupgradeVMwareToolstothelatestversion.Followtheinstructionsforyour
guestoperatingsysteminInstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 115.Do
notremovetheolderversionofVMwareToolsbeforeinstallingthenewversion.
YoucanalsouseWorkstation6tocreateaversion4or5virtualmachines.For
instructions,seeSettingUpaNewVirtualMachineonpage 89.
FormoreinformationaboutcompatibilitybetweenVMwareproducts,refertothe
VMwareVirtualMachineMobilityPlanningGuide.
NOTEIfyouhaveWorkstation2or3virtualmachinesthatyouwanttousewith
Workstation 6,upgradethevirtualmachinestoatleastWorkstationversion4before
youattempttopowerthemonwithWorkstation6.
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10
10
Workstationprovidestwowaystopreservethestateofavirtualmachine:youcan
suspendthevirtualmachineortakeasnapshotofit.Thischapterdescribesthesuspend
andsnapshotfeaturesandhelpsyouunderstandwhentousethem.
Becausetheexperimentalrecord/replayfeatureuseselementsfromthesnapshot
manager,instructionsforrecordingandreplayingvirtualmachineactivityarealso
included.
Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
UsingtheSuspendandResumeFeaturesonpage 225
UsingSnapshotsonpage 227
RecordingActivityofaVirtualMachine(Experimental)onpage 239
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Thespeedofthesuspendandresumeoperationsdependsonhowmuchdatahas
changedduringthetimethatthevirtualmachinewasrunning.Ingeneral,thefirst
suspendoperationtakeslongerthanlatersuspendoperations.
Whenyoususpendavirtualmachine,afilewitha.vmssextensioniscreated.Thisfile
containstheentirestateofthevirtualmachine.Whenyouresumethevirtualmachine,
itsstateisrestoredfromthe.vmssfile.
To prepare a virtual machine for using suspend and resume
1
MakesureVMwareToolsisinstalledintheguestoperatingsystem.
Forinstructions,seeInstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 115.
ConfiguretheSuspendbuttontodoeitherahardsuspendorasoftsuspend
operation,asfollows:
a
SelectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM>SettingsfromtheWorkstation
menubar.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectPower.
InthePowercontrolssection,specifywhetheryouwanttouseahardsuspend
operation(Suspend)orasoftsuspend(SuspendGuest).
IfyouselectSuspendGuest,ascriptrunsthateitherreleasestheIPaddress
(onWindowsguestsusingDHCP)orstopsnetworkingforthevirtual
machine(onLinux,FreeBSD,andSolarisguests).
ClickOKtoclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Ifyourvirtualmachineisrunninginfullscreenmode,returntowindowedmode
bypressingtheCtrl+Alt+Enterkeycombination.
ClicktheSuspendbuttonontheWorkstationtoolbar.
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StartWorkstationandchooseavirtualmachineyouhavesuspended.
ClickResumeontheWorkstationtoolbar.
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Using Snapshots
Workstationsnapshotsallowyoutopreservethestateofthevirtualmachinesoyoucan
returntothesamestaterepeatedly.Forexample,youmightusesnapshotstodevelop
trainingcourses.Youcantakeasnapshotofthemachineforeachlessonorlabinthe
course.Similarly,ifyoutestsoftware,youcantakeasnapshotbeforeinstallingdifferent
versionsofaprogramtoensureeachinstallationbeginsfromanidenticalbaseline.
Windows
operating system
lesson 1
lesson 2
lesson 3
lesson 4
lesson 5
Workstationsupportsmorethan100snapshotsperlinearprocess.
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Windows
operating
system
baseline
IE base
Foxfire base
SP1
IE base1
You Are
Here
Foxfire base1
SP2
IE base2
Foxfire base2
Workstationsupportsmorethan100snapshotsperbranchinaprocesstree.
Inalinearprocess,eachsnapshothasoneparentandonechild,exceptforthelast
snapshot,whichhasnochildren.
Inaprocesstree,eachsnapshothasoneparent,butonesnapshotcanhavemore
thanonechild.Manysnapshotshavenochildren.
Theparentsnapshotofavirtualmachineisthesnapshotonwhichthecurrentstate(the
YouAreHerepositioninFigure 103)isbased.Afteryoutakeasnapshot,thatstored
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stateistheparentsnapshotofthevirtualmachine.Ifyourevertorgotoanearlier
snapshot,theearliersnapshotbecomestheparentsnapshotofthevirtualmachine.
Figure 10-3. Parent-Child Relationship Between Snapshots
Snapshots 2, 3, and 4
are all children of Snapshot1.
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MemorystateContentsofthevirtualmachinesmemory.
SettingsstateVirtualmachinesettings.
DiskstateStateofallthevirtualmachinesvirtualdisks.
Snapshotsoperateonindividualvirtualmachines.Ifyouselectateamofvirtual
machinesandtakeasnapshot,onlytheactivevirtualmachinesstateispreserved.See
ViewingTeamsandTheirVirtualMachinesonpage 260.
Whenyoureverttoasnapshot,youreturnthevirtualmachinesmemory,settings,and
virtualdiskstothestatetheywereinwhenyoutookthesnapshot.Ifyouwantthe
virtualmachinetobesuspended,poweredon,orpoweredoffwhenyoulaunchit,be
sureitisinthestateyouwantwhenyoutakethesnapshot.
NOTEThestateofaphysicaldiskorindependentdiskisnotpreservedwhenyoutake
asnapshot.
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SnapshotsandoldervirtualmachinesYoumustupgradeaWorkstation4
virtualmachinebeforetakingasnapshot.SeeChangingtheVersionoftheVirtual
Machineonpage 61.FormoreinformationaboutusingWorkstation6with
virtualmachinesandsnapshotscreatedunderWorkstationversion4see
SnapshotsandWorkstation4VirtualMachinesonpage 239.
SnapshotsandmultipledisksindifferentmodesYoumustpoweroffthe
virtualmachinebeforetakingasnapshotifthevirtualmachinehasmultipledisks
indifferentdiskmodes.Forexample,ifyouhaveaspecialpurposeconfiguration
thatrequiresyoutouseanindependentdisk,youmustpoweroffthevirtual
machinebeforetakingasnapshot.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences.
ClickthePrioritytab,anddooneofthefollowing:
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Toenablebackgroundsnapshots,makesurethecheckboxintheSnapshots
areaisselected.
Todisablebackgroundsnapshots,deselectthecheckbox.
ClickOK,andrestartthevirtualmachine.
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StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
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OntheHardwaretab,selectthedriveyouwanttoexcludeandclickAdvanced.
IntheAdvanceddialogbox,selectIndependentandselectoneofthefollowing
options:
PersistentChangesareimmediatelyandpermanentlywrittentothedisk.
Allchangestoanindependentdiskinpersistentmoderemain,evenwhenyou
reverttoasnapshot.
NonpersistentCurrentchangestothediskarediscardedwhenyoupower
offorreverttoasnapshot.
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snapshot
tree
snapshot of a
recording
ordinary
snapshot
snapshot of a
linked clone
details
thumbnail of
selected
snapshots
display
command
buttons
Thesnapshottreeshowsallsnapshotsforthevirtualmachine,arrangedtoshowthe
relationshipbetweensnapshots.TheYouAreHereiconisnotasnapshot;itshowsthe
currentstateofthevirtualmachine.SeeRelationshipBetweenSnapshotson
page 228.
NOTEMovethemousepointeroverasnapshot(withoutclicking)todisplaythe
completenameofthatsnapshot.Thisisusefulwhenalongnameistruncatedinthe
snapshottreedisplay.
ThesnapshotmanagerhasaslightlydifferentappearanceonLinuxhosts,asshownin
Figure 105.
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233
OnLinuxhosts,rightclickthetoolbaratthetopofthewindowtochangetheiconstyle.
Youcandisplayiconsandtext,iconsonly,textonly,andsoon.
Followingisadescriptionofthesnapshotactionsyoucanperformbyusingthe
snapshotmanager:
234
TakeSnapshotWiththeYouAreHereiconselected,takesasnapshot.Youcan
takeasnapshotwhileavirtualmachineispoweredon,poweredoff,orsuspended.
Formoreinformation,seeTakingaSnapshotonpage 235.
GoTo/ReplayThebuttonislabeledGoToifyouselectasnapshot.Itislabeled
Replayifyouselectarecording:
Go Torestoresthevirtualmachinetothestateitwasinwhentheselected
snapshotwastaken.Doubleclickingasnapshotisthesameasselectingthat
snapshotandclickingGo To.
Replayplacesthevirtualmachineinthestateitwasinwhentherecording
wasbegun.Thevirtualmachinethengoesthroughthesameactivitiesitdid
throughoutthetimetherecordingwasmade.Doubleclickingarecordingis
thesameasselectingitandclickingReplay.Formoreinformationaboutthis
feature,seeRecordingActivityofaVirtualMachine(Experimental)on
page 239.
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CloneCreatesastandalonevirtualmachinecalledaclone.Poweroffthevirtual
machinebeforemakingaclonefromasnapshot.Formoreaboutclones,see
CloningaVirtualMachineonpage 247.
CAUTIONIfasnapshothasbeencloned,itbecomeslocked.Ifyoudeletealocked
snapshot,theclonescreatedfromthatsnapshotnolongeroperate.
DeleteDeletestheselectedsnapshotsorrecordings.Todeleteasnapshotor
recordingandallitschildren,rightclickitandchooseDeleteSnapshot/Recording
andChildren.Deletingasnapshotorrecordingdoesnotaffectothersnapshotsor
recordingsorthecurrentstateofthevirtualmachine.
Toselectallsnapshotsandrecordings,rightclickasnapshotorrecordingand
chooseSelectAll.
NOTEYoucannotdeletethesnapshotiftheassociatedvirtualmachineis
designatedasatemplateforcloning.SeeLinkedClonesandAccesstotheParent
VirtualMachineonpage 252foradescriptionoftemplatesettingsforlinked
clones.
Openthesnapshotmanagerbydoingoneofthefollowing:
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
OntheWorkstationtoolbar,clicktheManageSnapshotsforVirtualMachine
icon.
Dooneofthefollowing:
Selectasnapshotorrecordingandclickthebuttonforthedesiredaction.To
selectmorethanone,Ctrl+clickthedesiredsnapshotsandrecordings.
Rightclickasnapshotorrecordingandchoosethedesiredactionfromthe
contextmenuthatappears.
Theseactionsweredescribedinthetextprecedingthisprocedure.
Taking a Snapshot
Youcantakeasnapshotwhileavirtualmachineispoweredon,poweredoff,or
suspended.Ifyouaresuspendingavirtualmachine,waituntilthesuspendoperation
hasfinishedbeforetakingasnapshot.AsdescribedinActivitiesThatConflictwith
Snapshotsonpage 230,donottakeasnapshotwhenthevirtualmachineis
communicatingwithanothercomputer.
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NOTEIfyouruseofvirtualmachinesisstronglyperformanceoriented,consider
defragmentingtheguestoperatingsystemsdrivesbeforetakingasnapshot.Usethe
toolsintheguestoperatingsystemtorunadefragmentationutility.
Formoreinformation,seePerformanceImpactofDefragmentingSnapshotsand
LinkedClonesonpage 385.
To take a snapshot
1
Dooneofthefollowing:
IntheWorkstationtoolbar,clicktheTakeSnapshotofVirtualMachineicon.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Snapshot>Take Snapshot.
Fromwithinthesnapshotmanager,withtheYouAreHereiconselected,click
Take Snapshot.(Toopenthesnapshotmanager,choose
VM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.)
Enterauniquenameanddescriptionforyoursnapshot.
Adescriptionisnotrequiredbutisusefulforrecordingyournotesaboutthe
virtualmachinestatecapturedinthesnapshot.Youcanchangethenameand
descriptionatanytime.
ClickOK.
Restoring a Snapshot
YoucanrestoreasnapshotinWorkstationbyusingtheRevertandGotocommands.
Thefollowingsectionsexplainhowthesecommandswork.
Revert to Snapshot
RevertisashortcutforGototheparentsnapshotofthevirtualmachine.Thatis,gotothe
parentsnapshotoftheYouAreHereposition.SeeRelationshipBetweenSnapshots
onpage 228.Revertimmediatelyactivatestheparentsnapshotofthecurrentstateof
thevirtualmachine.Thecurrentdiskandmemorystatesarediscarded,andthevirtual
machinerevertstothediskandmemorystatesoftheparentsnapshot.
Toreverttotheparentsnapshot,fromtheWorkstationmenubar,choose
VM>Snapshot>ReverttoSnapshot,orclicktheRevertbuttonontheWorkstation
toolbar.
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Go to Snapshot
Thiscommandactivatesthespecifiedsnapshot.UnlikeRevert,theGotocommandis
notlimitedtotheparentsnapshotofthecurrentstate.Youcanchooseanysnapshot.
Togotoasnapshot,fromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Snapshotandselect
thesnapshotbyname.Or,inthesnapshotmanager,selectasnapshotandclickGoTo.
(Toopenthesnapshotmanager,chooseVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.)
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectSnapshot/Replay.
InthesectionWhenpoweringoff,selectReverttosnapshot.
Youcanalsosetthevirtualmachinetotakeasnapshotwhenyoupoweroff.Forthis
andotherpoweroffoptions,seeSnapshotOptionsWhenYouPowerOffaVirtual
Machineonpage 238.
Disabling Snapshots
Workstationspeedandresponsetimesareimprovedwhensnapshotsaredisabled,but
withoutasnapshot,allchangesmadetoavirtualmachinearepermanentandyou
cannotrestoreanearlierstate.
Also,ifyoudisablesnapshots,youwillnotbeabletousetheexperimental
record/replayfeature.Formoreinformation,seeRecordingActivityofaVirtual
Machine(Experimental)onpage 239.
Ifyouwanttodisablesnapshots,makesurethatthevirtualmachinedoesnotcurrently
haveanysnapshots.Ifithassnapshots,deletethem,asdescribedinWorkingwith
SnapshotsintheSnapshotManageronpage 233.Youcanthenperformthefollowing
procedure.
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To disable snapshots
1
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectSnapshot/Replay.
IntheGeneralsectionselectDisableSnapshotsandclickOK.
Ifthischeckboxisunavailable,itmeansthatsnapshotshavealreadybeencreated
andneedtobedeleted,asdescribedinWorkingwithSnapshotsintheSnapshot
Manageronpage 233.
JustpoweroffPowersoffwithoutmakinganychangestosnapshots.
ReverttosnapshotRevertstotheparentsnapshotofthevirtualmachines
currentstate(thatis,theparentsnapshotoftheYouAreHerepositioninthe
SnapshotManagerwindow)sothevirtualmachinealwaysstartsinthestateitwas
inwhentheparentsnapshotwastaken.
Revertingtothesnapshotdiscardschanges.Forexample,aninstructormightneed
todiscardstudentanswersforacomputerlessonwhenavirtualmachineis
poweredoffattheendofclass.
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TakeanewsnapshotTakesanewsnapshotofthevirtualmachinestateafteritis
poweredoff.Thisisusefultopreservemilestonesautomatically.Thesnapshot
appearsinthesnapshotmanager.Thenameofthissnapshotisthedateandtime
thevirtualmachinewaspoweredoff.ThedescriptionisAutomaticsnapshot
createdwhenpoweringoff.
AskmePromptsyou,everytimeyoupoweroffavirtualmachine,tospecify
whetheryouwanttopoweroff,revert,ortakeasnapshot.
VMware, Inc.
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectSnapshot/Replay.
SelectanoptioninthesectionWhenpoweringoff.
Theseoptionsaredescribedatthebeginningofthistopicandintheonlinehelp.
ClickOK.
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239
deletethem,andplaythem.Youcanalsomakeanexecutiontracefileofarecordingto
recordeventsthatoccurduringtherecording.
Playingarecordingisinsomerespectssimilartogoingtoasnapshot.Whenyouplay
arecording,youdiscardthecurrentstateofthevirtualmachineandgotothe
recording.Atanytimewhentherecordingisplaying,youcanclicktheStopbuttonand
resumeinteractingwiththeguestoperatingsystematthestatethevirtualmachineis
inwhenyouclickStop.
Thesectionsthatfollowprovidedetailsabouthowtoenablethisfeatureanduseit:
HardwareandVirtualHardwareRequirementsonpage 240
RecordingandPlayingBackVirtualMachineActivityonpage 242
HostCPUsForoptimumperformance,useacomputerwithanIntelP4processor
whenusingthisfeature.Otherprocessorsmightoperatemoreslowlyduring
recordingandreplaying.
Ifyouusetherecord/replayfeatureonahostcomputerthatdoesnothaveanIntel
P4processor,whenyouenabletherecord/replayfeatureandpoweronthevirtual
machine,amessageappears,informingyouthathardwareaccelerationwillbe
disabled.
VirtualmachineversionOnlyWorkstation5and6virtualmachinescanbe
recorded.
SupportedoperatingsystemsYoucanusetherecord/replayfeatureonlyon
32bitversionsofthefollowingguestoperatingsystems:
Windows2000
WindowsXP
Windows2003
WindowsVista
RedHatEnterpriseLinux3and4
SUSELinux9.3and10.x
SMPoperatingsystemsarenotsupported.Ifyouattempttoenablethe
record/replayfeatureonanunsupportedoperatingsystem,thevirtualmachine
willnotpoweronuntilyoudisablerecord/replay.
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UnsupportedvirtualdevicesBeforeyouenabletherecord/replayfeature,usethe
virtualmachinesettingseditortoremovethefollowingdevicesfromthevirtual
machine:
Floppydrives
CDROMdrives
NOTEBeforeyouremovetheCDROMdrivefromavirtualmachine,make
surethatVMwareToolsisinstalledintheguestoperatingsystem.During
VMwareToolsinstallation,Workstationtemporarilyconnectsthevirtual
machinesfirstvirtualCDROMdrivetothecorrectISOimagefileforthe
guestoperatingsystem.
USBcontrollers
Soundadapters
GenericSCSIdevices
LSILogicadapters
Inaddition,avoidconnectingthevirtualmachinetoanetworkordisconnectingit
duringarecordingsession.
DiskspaceHowmuchdiskspacearecordingusesdependsonthetypeofactivity
thatoccursonthevirtualmachineduringtherecordingsession.Assumethatyou
willneedasubstantialamountofdiskspace.
DiskmodeYoucannotusetherecord/replayfeatureifthevirtualmachines
virtualharddiskissettoindependentmode.Thisisbecauserecordingvirtual
machineactivityrequireswritingdataaboutthedisktoacontinualsnapshot.To
changethediskmode,usethevirtualmachinesettingseditor
(VM>Settings>Hardware>HardDisk>Advanced).
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Toenablerecord/replayforavirtualmachineonpage 242
TodisplaytheReplaytoolbaronpage 243
Toplaybackarecordingonpage 244
Toadjustthespeedofplaybackonpage 245
Tocreateanexecutiontracefileofarecordingonpage 246
Todeletearecordingonpage 246
MakesurethatthevirtualmachinemeetstherequirementslistedinHardware
andVirtualHardwareRequirementsonpage 240.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
SelectthevirtualmachineandchooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditorappears.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectSnapshot/Replay.
OntheSnapshot/Replaysettingspanel,usethefollowingsettings:
MakesuretheDisablesnapshotscheckboxisdeselected.
SelecttheEnableexecutionrecordandreplaycheckbox.
ClickOK.
NOTEWhenyouenabletherecord/replayfeature,thedebuggingmodeautomatically
getssettoFull.Ifyoulaterdisablerecord/replay,youneedtomanuallysetdebugging
modebacktoNormal.SeeTurningOffDebuggingModeonpage 380.
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ReplayLastRecordingPlaysthelastrecordingyoumadefortheselectedvirtual
machine.Ifthevirtualmachineispoweredoff,itisresumed,asifithadbeen
suspended.
Toplayanearlierrecording,usethesnapshotmanager.Choose
VM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
RecordTakesasnapshotofthevirtualmachineandbeginsrecording.
StopStopstherecordingorreplaythatisinprogress.
To make a recording
1
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
Whenyouwanttobeginrecording,clicktheRecordbuttoninthetoolbar,or
chooseVM>Replay>Record.
Asnapshotistaken,andaniconappearsinthestatusbartoindicatethatrecording
isinprogress.
IftheRecordcommandisunavailable,thefeaturemightnotbeenabledorthehard
diskmightbesettoindependentmode.SeeToenablerecord/replayforavirtual
machineonpage 242.
CompletetheTakeRecordingdialogboxthatappearsandclickOK.
CAUTIONWhilearecordingisinprogress,avoidexitingWorkstationand
allowingthevirtualmachinetoruninthebackground.Doingsomightcausethe
virtualmachinetocrash.Alwaysstoprecordingbeforesendingavirtualmachine
toruninthebackground.
Whenyouwanttostoprecording,clicktheStopbuttoninthetoolbar,orchoose
VM>Replay>Stop.
Tochangethenameoftherecording,addorchangethedescription,ordeletethe
recording,chooseVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
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Selectthevirtualmachine.
Ifitispoweredonandyoudontwanttolosethecurrentstateofthevirtual
machine,takeasnapshotofit.
Forinstructions,seeTotakeasnapshotonpage 236.
Dooneofthefollowing:
Toplaythelatestrecordingofthevirtualmachine,clicktheReplayLastRecording
buttoninthetoolbar,orchooseVM>Replay>ReplayLastRecording.
Toplayanearlierrecording,usethesnapshotmanager,asfollows:
a
ChooseVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
SelecttherecordingsnapshotyouwanttoplayandclickReplay.
AsnapshotofarecordingisshowninFigure 104,SnapshotManager:
WindowsHost,onpage 233.
Inthedialogboxthatappears,confirmthatyouwanttostartreplayingthe
recording.
(Optional)Toslowdownplaybackoftherecording,seeToadjustthespeedof
playbackonpage 245.
(Optional)Tomakeatracefileofeventsthatoccurredduringrecording,seeTo
createanexecutiontracefileofarecordingonpage 246.
(Optional)Tostopreplayingtherecordingbeforeitfinishesplaying,dooneofthe
following:
ChooseVM>Replay>Stop.
ClicktheStopbuttonintheReplaytoolbar.
Clickinsidethevirtualmachine,sothatkeyboardeventsaregrabbedbythe
virtualmachine,andpresstheLkey(golivekey).
Youcanthenresumeinteractingwiththevirtualmachine.
Youcannotpausetherecordingorreverseit.Ifyoustoptherecordingbeforeitis
finishedreplayingandthenclicktheReplayLastRecordingbuttonagain,the
recordingstartsfromitsbeginning,notfromthepointwhereyouclickedStop.
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Tosetallrecordingsforavirtualmachinetobeginplaybackinslowmotion:
a
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
Addthefollowinglinetotheconfiguration(.vmx)fileforthevirtualmachine:
replay.halt_delay = "<microseconds>"
where<microseconds>isthenumberofmicrosecondsthatthevirtual
processorshouldhaltwhenreplaying.Thissettingcontrolshaltemulation
behavior.Thedefaultis0,whichmeanstherecordingplaysinrealtime.The
maximumvalueis10000.
c
Saveandclosethefile.
Duringplayback,ifyouwanttospeedupplaybackorslowitdowneven
further,usethekeyboardshortcutsdescribedinStep 3.
NOTEThisstepisnotaprerequisitetousingkeyboardshortcutstospeedupor
slowdownarecording.Thisstepisusefulifyouwanttoslowrecordingsdownby
largeincrements,suchas10,000ratherthan100or200microseconds.
2
Replayarecording,asdescribedinToplaybackarecordingonpage 244.
Tousekeyboardshortcutstoslowdownorspeeduparecording:
a
Clickinsidethevirtualmachine,sothatkeyboardeventsaregrabbedbythe
virtualmachine.
Pressoneormoreofthefollowingkeystocontrolthespeedofreplay:
DownarrowSlowsdownreplayby10microseconds.
LeftarrowSlowsdownreplayby100microseconds.
UparrowAcceleratesreplayby10microseconds,ifitwaspreviously
sloweddown.
RightarrowAcceleratesreplayby100microseconds,ifitwas
previouslysloweddown.
Pressthekeyrepeatedlytoslowdownorspeedupreplayevenfurtherin10
or100microsecondincrements,dependingonthekey.
NOTEKeepinmindthatthefastestspeedforreplayisrealtime.Ifyoupressthe
rightarrowkeywhentherecordingissloweddownbyonly10microseconds,then
itwillspeedupbyonly10microseconds.
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Startplaybackofarecording,asdescribedinToplaybackarecordingon
page 244.
Tomakeanexecutiontracefileoftherecording,whichrecordstheeventsthat
occurredduringrecording,clickinsidethevirtualmachine,sothatkeyboard
eventsaregrabbedbythevirtualmachine,andpresstheTkey(tracekey).
Atracefileiscreatedinthedirectorywherethisvirtualmachinesconfiguration
(.vmx)fileisstored.ThefilenameisReplayTrace-<timestamp>.gz,where
<timestamp>isthetimeatwhichyoupressedtheTkey.
NOTEThespeedatwhichtherecordingplaysslowsconsiderablywhilethetrace
fileisbeingmade.
Toendthetracefile,eitherpresstheTkeyagainorclicktheStopbuttoninthe
Replaytoolbar.
Otherwise,thetracefileendswhentherecordingfinishesplaying.
IfyoupresstheTkeytoendthetracefilebeforetherecordingendsandthenpress
Tagain,anothertracefileiscreated.
To delete a recording
1
Selectthevirtualmachine.
ChooseVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.
IntheSnapshotManagerwindow,selecttherecordingandclickDelete.
Recordingscanconsumelargeamountsofdiskspace,dependingontheactivities
ofthevirtualmachineandthelengthoftherecording.Deleterecordingsyoudont
needtoretain.
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11
11
Thischapterprovidesinstructionsforcreatingandconfiguringclonesofvirtual
machines.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
UnderstandingClonesonpage 247
CreatingClonesonpage 249
WorkingwithClonesonpage 251
Understanding Clones
Acloneisacopyofanexistingvirtualmachine.Theexistingvirtualmachineiscalled
theparentoftheclone.Whenthecloningoperationiscomplete,thecloneisaseparate
virtualmachine:
Changesmadetoaclonedonotaffecttheparentvirtualmachine.Changesmade
totheparentvirtualmachinedonotappearinaclone.
AclonesMACaddressandUUIDaredifferentfromthoseoftheparentvirtual
machine.
Tosavethecurrentstateofthevirtualmachine,sothatyoucanreverttothatstate,take
asnapshot.Tomakeacopyofavirtualmachineforseparateuse,createaclone.
Althoughacloneisaseparatevirtualmachine,ifthecloneisalinkedclone,itshares
virtualdiskswiththeparentvirtualmachine.Amoredetailedexplanationoflinked
clonesappearsinFullandLinkedClonesonpage 248.
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AnMISdepartmentcancloneavirtualmachineforeachemployee,withasuiteof
preconfiguredofficeapplications.
Avirtualmachinecanbeconfiguredwithacompletedevelopmentenvironment
andthenclonedrepeatedlyasabaselineconfigurationforsoftwaretesting.
Ateachercancloneavirtualmachineforeachstudent,withallthelessonsandlabs
requiredfortheterm.
Withclonesyoucanmakecompletecopiesofavirtualmachine,withoutbrowsinga
hostfilesystemorworryingifyouhavelocatedalltheconfigurationfiles.
Full Clones
Afullcloneisanindependentcopyofavirtualmachinethatsharesnothingwiththe
parentvirtualmachineafterthecloningoperation.Ongoingoperationofafullcloneis
entirelyseparatefromtheparentvirtualmachine.
Becauseafullclonedoesnotsharevirtualdiskswiththeparentvirtualmachine,full
clonesgenerallyperformbetterthanlinkedclones.However,fullclonestakelongerto
createthanlinkedclones.Creatingafullclonecantakeseveralminutesifthefiles
involvedarelarge.
Linked Clones
Alinkedcloneisacopyofavirtualmachinethatsharesvirtualdiskswiththeparent
virtualmachineinanongoingmanner.Alinkedcloneismadefromasnapshotofthe
parent.(SeeSnapshotProcesses:LinearVersusProcessTreeonpage 227.)This
conservesdiskspaceandallowsmultiplevirtualmachinestousethesamesoftware
installation.
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Allfilesavailableontheparentatthemomentofthesnapshotcontinuetoremain
availabletothelinkedclone.Ongoingchangestothevirtualdiskoftheparentdonot
affectthelinkedclone,andchangestothediskofthelinkedclonedonotaffectthe
parent.
Alinkedclonemusthaveaccesstotheparent.Withoutaccesstotheparent,youcannot
usealinkedcloneatall.SeeLinkedClonesandAccesstotheParentVirtualMachine
onpage 252.
Linkedclonesarecreatedswiftly,soyoucaneasilycreateauniquevirtualmachinefor
eachtaskyouhave.Youcanalsoeasilyshareavirtualmachinewithotherusersby
storingthevirtualmachineonyourlocalnetwork,whereotheruserscanquicklymake
alinkedclone.Thisfacilitatescollaboration:forexample,asupportteamcanreproduce
abuginavirtualmachine,andanengineercanquicklymakealinkedcloneofthat
virtualmachinetoworkonthebug.
Creating Clones
TheCloneVirtualMachinewizardguidesyouthroughtheprocessofmakingaclone.
Youdonotneedtolocateandmanuallycopytheparentvirtualmachinefiles.The
CloneVirtualMachinewizardautomaticallycreatesanewMACaddressandother
uniqueidentifiersfortheclone.
NOTEWorkstation4virtualmachines,andvirtualmachinescreatedwithother
VMwareproductsthatarecompatiblewithversion4,mustbeupgradedtoatleast
Workstationversion5virtualmachinesbeforeyoucanclonethem.SeeChangingthe
VersionoftheVirtualMachineonpage 61.
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Ifyouwanttomakealinkedclone,defragmenttheguestoperatingsystemsdrives
beforecreatingthelinkedclone.
Usethetoolsintheguestoperatingsystemtorunadefragmentationutility.
Formoreinformation,seePerformanceImpactofDefragmentingSnapshotsand
LinkedClonesonpage 385.
Poweroffthevirtualmachinethatyouwanttoclone.
Youcannotcreateaclonefromavirtualmachinethatispoweredonorsuspended.
ClickthenameofavirtualmachineyouwanttocloneintheFavoriteslistorclick
thetabofavirtualmachineinthesummarywindow.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>ClonetoopentheCloneVirtual
Machinewizard.
OntheWelcomepage,clickNext.
OntheCloneSourcepage,selectthestateoftheparentfromwhichyouwantto
createacloneandclickNext.
Youcanchoosetocreateaclonefrom:
Theparentscurrentstate.Workstationcreatesasnapshotofthevirtual
machinebeforecloningit.
Anysnapshotoftheparent.Selectthesnapshotnamefromadropdown
menuofexistingsnapshots.
OntheCloneTypepage,specifywhetheryouwanttocreatealinkedcloneorafull
cloneandclickNext.
SeeFullandLinkedClonesonpage 248foradescriptionofthedifferences.
OntheNameoftheNewVirtualMachinepage,enteranameandapathforthe
clonedvirtualmachineandclickFinish.
Thedefaultnameandpatharebasedontheoriginalvirtualmachinenameand
location.Youcantypeanewentryfornameandpath,orbrowsetoadirectoryfor
theclonefiles.
TheCloneVirtualMachinewizarddisplaysastatuspage.Afullclonecantake
manyminutestocreate,dependingonthesizeofthevirtualdiskthatisbeing
duplicated.
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ClickDonetoexittheCloneVirtualMachinewizard.
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MakingaLinkedCloneofaLinkedCloneonpage 251
MakingaFullCloneofaLinkedCloneonpage 251
NetworkIdentityforaCloneonpage 251
LinkedCloneSnapshotonpage 252
LinkedClonesandAccesstotheParentVirtualMachineonpage 252
Performancedegradeswhenyoudothis.Whenpossible,makealinkedcloneof
theparentvirtualmachine.
Topoweronandworkwithalinkedcloneofalinkedclone,Workstationmustbe
abletolocateallancestorsinthechain.SeeLinkedClonesandAccesstothe
ParentVirtualMachineonpage 252.
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252
Toenabletemplatemodeusingthevirtualmachinesettingseditoronpage 253
Tocreatealinkedclonefromatemplateonpage 253
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StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectAdvanced.
IntheSettingssection,clickEnableTemplatemode(tobeusedforcloning)and
clickOK.
Withtemplatemodeenabled,avirtualmachinecannotbedeletedoraddedtoateam,
andthevirtualmachinessnapshotscannotbedeleted.
To create a linked clone from a template
1
Selectthevirtualmachinetouseasaparentofyourlinkedclone.
Verifythattheparenthasatleastonesnapshot.
Openthesnapshotmanagerandcreateasnapshotifnoneexists.
Verifythattemplatemodehasbeenenabled.
SeeToenabletemplatemodeusingthevirtualmachinesettingseditoron
page 253.
Withthevirtualmachinestillselected,launchtheCloneVirtualMachinewizard
bychoosingVM>ClonefromtheWorkstationmenubar.
ClickNexttodisplaytheCloneSourcepage.
SelectasnapshotfromthedropdownmenuandclickNext.
Thewizarddoesnotallowyoutoclonefromthecurrentstatewhenthevirtual
machinehastemplatemodeenabled.
NamethelinkedcloneandclickFinish.
Workstationcreatesthelinkedcloneanddisplaysastatuspage.
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ClickDonetoexitthewizard.
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Configuring Teams
12
Thischapterdescribeswhatvirtualmachineteamsareusedfor,howtocreatethem,
andhowtoconfigurethem.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
BenefitsofUsingTeamsonpage 255
CreatingaTeamonpage 257
OpeningandClosingaTeamonpage 258
ChangingtheNameofaTeamonpage 259
DeletingaTeamonpage 259
ViewingTeamsandTheirVirtualMachinesonpage 260
AddingandRemovingTeamVirtualMachinesonpage 262
SettingtheStartupSequenceforaTeamonpage 263
StartingandStoppingTeamsonpage 264
WorkingwithTeamNetworksonpage 266
CloningandTakingSnapshotsofTeamMembersonpage 271
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Teamvirtualmachinescanusenetworkingjustasothervirtualmachinescan.In
addition,teammemberscancommunicateinprivatenetworkscalledLANsegments.
LANsegmentsarecompletelyindependentof,andinvisibleto,thehostcomputers
network.
Youcanuseteamsto:
VirtualizemultitierenvironmentsStartseparateclient,server,anddatabase
virtualmachineswithoneclick.Configurestartupdelaytimessoclientsdont
submitqueriesbeforetheserverisready.
VirtualizemultiplemachinetestingenvironmentsSetupasoftwarepackage
forQAonavirtualmachine,andconfigureautomationonothervirtualmachines
totestthefirst.
VirtualizenetworkperformanceandsecurityLANsegmentsofferenhanced
performanceandsecurity.AteamLANsegmentisfullycontained.Itis
undetectableandinaccessiblefromanyothernetwork,insideoroutsidetheteam.
Teamnetworkingletsyou:
Isolateateamcompletelyfromthehostnetwork.
CreateavirtualDMZorproxyservertosecurelybridgetheteammembersto
theoutsidenetwork.
Allowspecificnetworkbandwidthandpacketlosstoeachvirtualmachineon
theteam.
Connectallteammembersfullytohostresources.
Youcontrolalltrafficallowedbetweenthehostnetworkandteamvirtual
machines.
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MonitormultiplevirtualmachinesUsethumbnailviewsofthevirtualmachine
displaystoreviewactivityonteamvirtualmachinessimultaneously.
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Creating a Team
UsetheNewTeamwizardtocreateateamandaddvirtualmachines.
To create a team
1
ToaddvirtualmachinestotheteamwhilecompletingtheNewTeamwizard:
Poweroffanyvirtualmachinesthatyouwanttoaddtotheteam.
Poweroffanyvirtualmachinesthatyouwanttocloneifyouintendtocreate
acloneandaddittotheteam.
Youcaninsteadaddvirtualmachineslater,afteryoucreatetheteam,byusingthe
Teammenu.
2
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,opentheNewTeamwizardbychoosing
File>New>Team.
CompletetheNewTeamwizardthatappears.
Completingthewizardinvolvesspecifyingthefollowingthings:
Thenameoftheteamandlocationofthevirtualteamfiles.Bydefault,the
teamfilesarestoredinthesamedirectoryasvirtualmachines,asdescribedin
VirtualMachineLocationonpage 152.
Whetheryouwanttoaddvirtualmachinestotheteamnoworlater.Ifyou
wanttoaddthemnow,youhavethefollowingoptions:
NewVirtualMachineLaunchestheNewVirtualMachinewizard.See
SettingUpaNewVirtualMachineonpage 89.
ExistingVirtualMachineOpensafilebrowserfromwhichyoucan
navigatethehostfilesystemtolocateanexisting.vmx file.
Whenyouaddavirtualmachinetoateamitcannolongerbeaccessed
outsidetheteam.Formoreinformation,seeAddingandRemoving
TeamVirtualMachinesonpage 262.
NewCloneofVirtualMachineOpensafilebrowserfromwhichyou
cannavigatethehostfilesystemtolocateanexisting.vmx file.Afteryou
selectavirtualmachine,WorkstationlaunchestheCloneVirtualMachine
wizard.SeeCreatingClonesonpage 249.
NOTEWorkstationversion4virtualmachinescannotbeaddedtoteams.
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WhetheryouwanttoaddoneormoreLANsegments.IfyouaddLAN
segmentswhilecreatingtheteam,youchangedefaultnamesandbandwidth
later,asdescribedinConfiguringLANSegmentsonpage 269.
YoucaninsteadaddLANsegmentslater,afteryoucreatetheteam,byusing
theTeammenu.ForinformationaboutLANsegments,seeWorkingwith
TeamNetworksonpage 266.
Aftertheteamiscreated,youcanaddittotheFavoriteslist.UsetheTeammenuto
configuretheteamfurther,ortoaddandremovevirtualmachines.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseFile>Open.
Browsetothelocationofthe.vmtmfilefortheteamyouwant.
SelectthefileandclickOpen.
Theselectedteamappearsasatabbediteminthesummarywindow.
ToaddtheteamtotheFavoriteslist,chooseFile>AddtoFavorites.
AfterateamisaddedtotheFavoriteslist,openitbyclickingitintheFavoriteslist.
To close a team
1
Powerofftheteam,asdescribedinPoweringaTeamOnandOffonpage 264.
Selecttheteamtoclose.
Clickthesummary/consoletabforthedesiredteam,orselecttheteamnameinthe
Favoriteslist.
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ChooseFile>Close.
Ifanyoftheteamsvirtualmachinesarestillpoweredonandyouareprompted
aboutwhetheryouwanttopowerthemofforletthemruninthebackground,click
thebuttonyouwant.
Formoreinformation,seeClosingVirtualMachinesandExitingWorkstationon
page 86.
Theclosedteamisremovedfromthesummarywindow.Toremovetheteamfromthe
Favoriteslist,seeToremoveanamefromtheFavoriteslistonpage 77.
IftheteamisintheFavoriteslist,rightclickitandchooseRename.Typethenew
nameandpressEnter.
OpentheteamorselecttheteamintheFavoriteslistandchoose
Team>Settings>Options.TypeanewnameintheTeamnamefieldandclickOK.
Deleting a Team
Whenyoudeleteateam,youcanchoosetodelete:
Onlytheteam(retainingthevirtualmachinesintheteam)
Theteamandthevirtualmachinesintheteam
WARNINGDeletingateampermanentlyremovestheteamfilesfromthehostfile
systemandremovesassociatedLANsegmentsfromallvirtualmachines.Deletingthe
teamsvirtualmachinesalongwiththeteamremovesthevirtualmachinefiles
permanently.
ToremoveateamfromtheWorkstationwindowwithoutdeletingtheteam,see
OpeningandClosingaTeamonpage 258.
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To delete a team
1
Makesuretheteamispoweredoff.
OpentheteamorselecttheteamintheFavoriteslist,andfromtheWorkstation
menubar,chooseTeam>Delete from Disk.
Dooneofthefollowing:
Todeletetheteamwithoutdeletingthevirtualmachinesinit,chooseDelete.
Todeletetheteamandthevirtualmachinesinit,chooseDeleteTeamand
VMs.
Whenyoudeleteateam,youalsodeleteallteamLANsegments.Thevirtual
EthernetadaptersassociatedwithdeletedLANsegmentsbecomedisconnected.
Bridged,hostonly,NAT,andcustomconfigurationsremainunchanged.
4
ClickOK.
TheteamisremovedpermanentlyfromWorkstationandthehostfilesystem.If
youchoseDeleteTeamandVMs,thevirtualmachinesintheteamarealso
removedpermanentlyfromWorkstationandthehostfilesystem.
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Thesummaryviewisavailableatanytime.SeeSummaryViewonpage 68.
Theconsoleviewisavailableonlywhenateamispoweredon.Agrabbarallows
youtoresizetheareas.
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thumbnail views of
virtual machines in the
team, in the order of
the startup sequence
(left to right)
Youmightneedtoscrollthethumbnailstoviewallyourvirtualmachinesonalarge
team.Thethumbnailsaredisplayedinthesameorderastheteamsstartupsequence,
startingontheleftwiththefirstvirtualmachineinthesequence.
Workstationupdatesthumbnailsinrealtime,todisplaytheactualcontentofthevirtual
machinescreens.Theactivevirtualmachineistheonethatappearsinthelowerpane
oftheconsole.ItsthumbnailisrepresentedbytheVMwareicon.
Workstationmenusandcommandsdirectlyaffectonlytheactivevirtualmachine,and
youcanusethemouseandkeyboardtointeractdirectlywiththeactivevirtual
machine.
ClickathumbnailofavirtualmachineorusetheTeam>SwitchTomenuandthen
selectthevirtualmachinethatyouwanttomakeactive.Thevirtualmachineyouselect
appearsinthelowerpaneoftheconsole,anditsthumbnailbecomestheVMwareicon.
Infullscreenmode,Workstationdisplaysonlytheactivevirtualmachine.SeeUsing
FullScreenModeonpage 158.
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Avirtualmachineisnotpoweredonwhenyouaddittoarunningteam.Youmust
powerontheaddedvirtualmachinemanuallytouseitduringthecurrentsession.
Theaddedvirtualmachineisthereafterpoweredonoroffwiththerestoftheteam.
Whenyouaddavirtualmachinetoateam,youcannolongeroperatethevirtual
machineoutsidetheteam.Addingavirtualmachinetoateamthereforeremoves
itfromtheFavoriteslist.
NOTEWorkstationversion4virtualmachinescannotbeaddedtoteams.
To add a virtual machine to a team
1
Makesurethatanyexistingvirtualmachinesthatyouwanttoaddorcloneare
poweredoff.
OpentheteamorselecttheteamintheFavoriteslist.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseTeam>Addandselectoneofthefollowing
options:
NewVirtualMachineLaunchestheNewVirtualMachinewizard.See
SettingUpaNewVirtualMachineonpage 89.
ExistingVirtualMachineOpensafilebrowserfromwhichyoucannavigate
thehostfilesystemtolocateanexisting.vmx file.
Whenyouaddavirtualmachinetoateamitcannolongerbeaccessedoutside
theteam.
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NewCloneofVirtualMachineOpensafilebrowserfromwhichyoucan
navigatethehostfilesystemtolocateanexisting.vmx file.Afteryouselecta
virtualmachine,WorkstationlaunchestheCloneVirtualMachinewizard.See
CreatingClonesonpage 249.
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Makesurethatanyvirtualmachinesthatyouwanttoremovearepoweredoff.
OpentheteamorselecttheteamintheFavoriteslist.
NOTEWhenyouremoveavirtualmachinefromateam,youalsoremoveitfromteam
LANsegments.VirtualnetworkadaptersassociatedwithLANsegmentsbecome
disconnected.Bridged,hostonly,NAT,andcustomconfigurationsremainunchanged.
Tocompletelydeleteavirtualmachineanderaseitsfilesfromthehostfilesystem,see
DeletingaVirtualMachineonpage 156.
Whenyouaddavirtualmachinetoateam,itisremovedfromtheFavoriteslist.A
virtualmachineisnotautomaticallyaddedtotheFavoriteslistwhenyouremoveit
fromateam.Youmustmanuallyaddit,asdescribedinToaddavirtualmachineor
teamentrytotheFavoriteslistonpage 77.
TheorderinwhichvirtualmachinesstartandstopTeamvirtualmachinesstart
oneatatime,intheorderyousetinthestartupsequence.Settingthestartup
sequenceisuseful,forexample,ifyouhaveavirtualmachinethatrunsan
applicationtobetestedandyouwantittostartbeforethevirtualmachines
runninganautomatedtestingscript.
ThedelaybetweenteammembersinthesequenceSetthetimethatWorkstation
delaysafterstartingorstoppingavirtualmachine,beforestartingorstoppingthe
nextvirtualmachineinthesequence.ThisdelayavoidsoverloadingtheCPUwhen
multiplevirtualmachinesstartandallowsapplicationsonavirtualmachineto
launchbeforeanotherteamvirtualmachineattemptstoconnect.
Youmightalsousethisdelaytoensurethatavirtualmachinefunctioningasa
servercompletesitsstartupbeforeclientvirtualmachinesstart.Ifyourvirtual
machineteamdependsonprecisestartuptiming,experimenttodeterminehow
muchtimeyourhostandguestoperatingenvironmentsandapplicationsneedto
launch.
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Thestartupsequenceappliestopoweron,poweroff,suspend,andresumeoperations.
Poweronandresumeoperationsforvirtualmachinesoccurintheorderofthe
sequenceshownintheteamsettingslist.
Poweroffandsuspendoperationsforvirtualmachinesoccurinthereverseofthe
ordershownintheteamsettingslist.
OpentheteamorselecttheteamintheFavoriteslist.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseTeam>SettingsandclicktheVirtual
Machinestab.
Usetheupanddownarrowbuttonstoarrangethevirtualmachinesinthelist.The
virtualmachineatthetopofthelististhefirstinthestartupsequence.
Selecteachvirtualmachineandspecifyhowmanysecondsyouwantittowait
beforestartingthenextvirtualmachine.
NOTEThisstartupdelayisappliedtopoweron,poweroff,suspend,and
resumeoperations.
ClickOKtosaveyourchanges.
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SelecttheteameitherfromtheFavoriteslistorbyclickingthesummarytabforthe
team.
Dooneofthefollowing:
IntheWorkstationtoolbar,clickthePowerOnbuttonorthePowerOff
button,asappropriate.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseoneoftheTeam>Poweroptions.
Whenyoupoweroffateam,thedefaultsettingsforavirtualmachinecancausethe
guestoperatingsystemtoterminateabruptly.Forinformationaboutconfiguringyour
virtualmachinetorecognizetheshutdownguestcommandwhenyoupoweroffa
team,seeShuttingDownaVirtualMachineonpage 154.
SelecttheteameitherfromtheFavoriteslistorbyclickingthesummarytabforthe
team.
Dooneofthefollowing:
IntheWorkstationtoolbar,clicktheSuspendbuttonortheResumebutton,as
appropriate.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseoneoftheTeam>Poweroptions.
Allteamvirtualmachinesstartsuspendingsimultaneously.Aprogressindicator
appearsforeachteammember.Toseetheprogressofaparticularteammember,choose
Team>Switch To><virtualmachinename>.
Thetimetocompletetheoperationvarieswiththesizeofthevirtualmachines.
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Selectthevirtualmachinefromtheteamsconsole.
Dooneofthefollowing:
ChoosetheappropriatecommandfromtheVM>Powermenu.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseoneoftheTeam>Poweroptions.
Formoreinformationsee:
StartingaVirtualMachineonpage 150
ShuttingDownaVirtualMachineonpage 154
UsingtheSuspendandResumeFeaturesonpage 225
PoweringOffVersusShuttingDownandResettingVersusRestartingon
page 154
Network Adapter
AphysicalPCmusthaveanetworkadapterforeachphysicalnetworkconnection.
Similarly,avirtualmachinemustbeconfiguredwithavirtualnetworkadapterforeach
LANsegmentitinteractswith.ToconnectavirtualmachinetomultipleLANsegments
simultaneously,youmustconfigurethatvirtualmachinewithmultiplenetwork
adapters.SeeAddingandRemovingEthernetAdaptersonpage 268.
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DHCPConfigureaDHCPserveronyourLANsegmenttoallocateIPaddresses
toyourvirtualmachines.
StaticIPConfigureafixedIPaddressforeachvirtualmachineontheLAN
segment.
Whenyouaddanexistingvirtualmachinetoateam,thevirtualmachinemightbe
configuredtoexpectanIPaddressfromaDHCPserver.ADHCPserverisnot
automaticallyprovidedforavirtualLANsegment.YoumustprovideaDHCPserver
ontheLANsegment,orreconfigurethevirtualmachinetouseastaticIPaddress.See
ConfiguringaVirtualNetworkonpage 273.
OpentheteamorselecttheteamintheFavoriteslist.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseTeam>Add>LAN Segment.
EnteranamefortheprivatenetworkandclickOK.
Youcanconfiguretheothersettingsinthisdialogboxlater,asdescribedin
ConfiguringLANSegmentsonpage 269.
TheLANsegmentisaddedtotheteam.
NowthattheLANsegmentiscreated,youcancreateanetworkadaptertoconnectto
it,asdescribedinAddingandRemovingEthernetAdaptersonpage 268.
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Poweroffthevirtualmachinethatyouwanttoaddanadaptertoorremovean
adapterfrom.
SelecttheteameitherfromtheFavoriteslistorbyclickingthesummarytabforthe
team.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseTeam>SettingsandclicktheConnections
tab.
Toaddanadapter,selectthevirtualmachineandclickAddAdapter.
TheaddedadapterisdisplayedintheAdapterscolumn.
TousetheadaptertoconnecttoaLANsegment,selectthecheckboxthat
correspondstotheLANsegment.
IfyouneedtofirstcreateaLANsegment,seeCreatingaTeamLANSegmenton
page 267.
Toremoveanadapter,selecttheadapteryouwanttoremoveandclickRemove
Adapter.
ClickOK.
Nowthatyouhaveaddedanetworkadapter,youcanuseittoconfigureconnections,
asdescribedinConfiguringConnectionsforaLANSegmentonpage 269.
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IfyouhavenotyetcreatedaLANsegment,doso,asdescribedinCreatingaTeam
LANSegmentonpage 267.
OpentheteamorselecttheteamintheFavoriteslist.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseTeam>SettingsandclicktheConnections
tab.
EachvirtualEthernetadapterisdisplayedinaseparaterow.
IfnoEthernetadaptersappearonthistab,addone,asdescribedinAddingand
RemovingEthernetAdaptersonpage 268.
ForeachvirtualEthernetadapter,selectthecheckboxthatcorrespondstotheLAN
segmentandclickOK.
ThevirtualmachineisnowconnectedtotheselectedLANsegment.Continueonto
ConfiguringLANSegmentsonpage 269.
SelecttheteameitherfromtheFavoriteslistorbyclickingthesummarytabforthe
team.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseTeam>Settings.
ClicktheLANSegmentstab,andcompletethefields.
Fromthistabyoucanadd,remove,andrenametheLANsegmentsconfiguredfor
theteam.
ThelistintheleftpanedisplaysLANsegmentsassociatedwiththeteam.
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ClickanametoselecttheLANsegmentyouwanttoconfigure.
Therightpanedisplaysparametersforthephysicalpropertiesoftheemulated
LANsegmentlink:
NameNameoftheLANsegment.Tochangethename,typeanewnamein
theNamefield.
BandwidthDropdownmenuofbandwidthsfortypicalnetworklinks.To
changethebandwidth,chooseanotherconnectiontypefromthedropdown
menu.
KbpsSetacustombandwidth.Changeshereareoverwrittenwhenyou
makeaselectionfromtheBandwidthmenu.Tochangethebandwidth,type
anumberintothefield.
PacketLossAspecificationoftheefficiencyorfaultinessofthelink,
measuredinthepercentageofpacketslostfromthetotalnumberofpackets
transmitted.Tochangethepacketlosssetting,typeanumberintothefield.
ClickOKtosaveyourchanges.
NOTELANsettingschangesareignoredbyvirtualmachinesthatarecurrently
running.ChangestoLANsettingsbecomeactiveforagivenvirtualmachineonlyafter
thatvirtualmachineispoweredon,reset,orresumed.
SelecttheteameitherfromtheFavoriteslistorbyclickingthesummarytabforthe
team.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseTeam>SettingsandclicktheLAN
Segmentstab.
SelecttheLANsegmentyouwanttodelete.
ClickRemove.
TheLANsegmentisremoved.
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Theresultingcloneisnotpartoftheteam.
ThecloneappearsontheFavoriteslistaswellasinasummarywindow.
IftheparentvirtualmachineisconfiguredforaLANsegment,thevirtualEthernet
adapterforthatLANsegmentonthecloneisdisconnected.Toconnecttoa
network,youmustreconfigurethevirtualEthernetadaptermanually.
Snapshotsoperateonvirtualmachines,notonthewholeteam.Whenateamisactive,
theSnapshotbuttononthetoolbartakesasnapshotofonlytheactivevirtualmachine.
Topreservethestateofallvirtualmachinesonateam,powerofftheteam,andtakea
snapshotofeachvirtualmachinebeforeyoupowerontheteamagain.
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13
Configuring a Virtual
Network
13
Thefirsttopicsinthischapterpreviewthevirtualnetworkingcomponentsthat
VMwareWorkstationprovidesandshowhowyoucanusethemwithyourvirtual
machine.Therestofthechapterprovidesmoredetailonnetworkingcapabilitiesand
specializedconfigurations.
Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
NetworkBasicsonpage 274
ComponentsoftheVirtualNetworkonpage 275
CommonNetworkingConfigurationsonpage 276
ExampleofaCustomNetworkingConfigurationonpage 280
ChangingaNetworkingConfigurationonpage 284
AdvancedNetworkingTopicsonpage 291
UsingNATonpage 306
UsingSambawithWorkstationonpage 318
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Network Basics
VMwareWorkstationprovidesseveralwaysyoucanconfigureavirtualmachinefor
virtualnetworking:
BridgednetworkingConfiguresyourvirtualmachineasauniqueidentityonthe
network,separatefromandunrelatedtoitshost.Othercomputersonthenetwork
canthencommunicatedirectlywiththevirtualmachine.Bridgednetworking
workswithEthernet,DSL,cable,wireless,andlegacyphonemodems.See
BridgedNetworkingonpage 276.
Networkaddresstranslation(NAT)Configuresyourvirtualmachinetoshare
theIPandMACaddressesofthehost.Thevirtualmachineandthehostsharea
singlenetworkidentitythatisnotvisibleoutsidethenetwork.NATcanbeuseful
whenyouareallowedasingleIPaddressorMACaddressbyyournetwork
administrator.YoumightalsouseNATtoconfigureseparatevirtualmachinesfor
handlingHTTPandFTPrequests,withbothvirtualmachinesrunningoffthesame
IPaddressordomain.
NATworkswithEthernet,DSL,andlegacyphonemodems.SeeNetwork
AddressTranslation(NAT)onpage 278.
HostonlynetworkingConfiguresyourvirtualmachinetoallownetworkaccess
onlytothehost.Withhostonlynetworking,thevirtualmachinecancommunicate
onlywiththehostandothervirtualmachinesinthehostonlynetwork.Thiscan
beusefulwhenyouwantasecurevirtualmachinethatisconnectedtothehost
network,butavailableonlythroughthehostmachine.Inthisconfiguration,the
virtualmachinecannotconnecttotheInternet.SeeHostOnlyNetworkingon
page 279.
CustomnetworkingLetsyouconfigureyourvirtualmachinesnetwork
connectionmanually.OnWindowshosts,youcanusethevirtualnetworkeditor
toaccessmultiplenetworkcardsinyourhostandcreatemultiplevirtualnetworks.
SeeExampleofaCustomNetworkingConfigurationonpage 280.
IfyouselecttheTypicalsetuppathintheNewVirtualMachinewizard,thewizardsets
upbridgednetworkingforthevirtualmachine.SelecttheCustomsetuppathtochoose
anyoftheothercommonconfigurations:bridgednetworking,networkaddress
translation(NAT),andhostonlynetworking.Thewizardconnectsthevirtualmachine
totheappropriatevirtualnetwork.
Youcansetupmorespecializedconfigurationsbychoosingtheappropriatesettingsin
thevirtualmachinesettingseditor,inthevirtualnetworkeditor(onWindowshosts),
andonyourhostcomputer.
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OnaWindowshost,thesoftwareneededforallnetworkingconfigurationsisinstalled
whenyouinstallWorkstation.OnaLinuxhost,whenyouinstallandconfigure
Workstation,youcanchoosewhethertohavebridged,hostonly,andNATnetworking
availabletoyourvirtualmachines:Youmustchoosealloptionsduringconfigurationto
makeallnetworkingconfigurationsavailableforyourvirtualmachines.
Virtual Switch
Likeaphysicalswitch,avirtualswitchletsyouconnectothernetworkingcomponents
together.VirtualswitchesarecreatedasneededbyWorkstation,uptoatotalof10
virtualswitchesonWindowsand256onLinux.Youcanconnectoneormorevirtual
machinestoaswitch.
Bydefault,afewoftheswitchesandthenetworksassociatedwiththemareusedfor
specialnamedconfigurations:
ThebridgednetworkusesVMnet0,asdescribedinBridgedNetworkingon
page 276.
ThehostonlynetworkusesVMnet1,asdescribedinHostOnlyNetworkingon
page 279.
TheNATnetworkusesVMnet8,asdescribedinNetworkAddressTranslation
(NAT)onpage 278.
TheotheravailablenetworksarenamedVMnet2,VMnet3,VMnet4,andsoon.
Tofindoutwhichtypeofnetworkavirtualmachineisusing,selectthevirtualmachine,
andfromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings>Hardware,andselectthe
Ethernetadapter.TheNetworkConnectionsectiondisplaysthedetails.Youcan
changethesetting.Toaddanotheradapter,seeAddingandModifyingVirtual
NetworkAdaptersonpage 284.
DHCP Server
TheDHCP(dynamichostconfigurationprotocol)serverprovidesIPnetwork
addressestovirtualmachinesinconfigurationsthatarenotbridgedtoanexternal
network.Forexample,hostonlyandNATconfigurationsusetheDHCPserver.
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Network Adapter
Onevirtualnetworkadapterissetupforyourvirtualmachinewhenyoucreateitwith
theNewVirtualMachinewizardusinganytypeofnetworking.Itappearstotheguest
operatingsystemasanAMDPCNETPCIadapterorasanIntelPro/1000MTServer
Adapter.OnWindowsVistaguests,itisanIntelPro/1000MTServerAdapter.
Youcancreateandconfigureupto10virtualnetworkadaptersineachWorkstation6
virtualmachinebyusingthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.Thelimitis3adaptersfor
Workstation4or5virtualmachines.Formoreinformation,seeAddingandModifying
VirtualNetworkAdaptersonpage 284.
Bridged Networking
Bridgednetworkingconnectsavirtualmachinetoanetworkbyusingthehost
computersEthernetadapter.IfyourhostcomputerisonanEthernetnetwork,thisis
oftentheeasiestwaytogiveyourvirtualmachineaccesstothatnetwork.Thevirtual
EthernetadapterinthevirtualmachineconnectstothephysicalEthernetadapterin
yourhostcomputer,allowingittoconnecttotheLANusedbythehostcomputer.
Bridgednetworkingmakesthevirtualmachinevisibletoothercomputersonthe
network,andtheycancommunicatedirectlywiththevirtualmachine.Bridged
networkingworkswithEthernet,DSL,andlegacyphonemodems.
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Virtual machine
Virtual Ethernet switch
(VMnet0)
Virtual bridge
Host
Ethernet
adapter
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Virtual machine
DHCP server
Virtual Ethernet switch
(VMnet8)
Network
NAT device
IfyouselectNAT,thevirtualmachinecanusemanystandardTCP/IPprotocolsto
connecttoothermachinesontheexternalnetwork.Forexample,youcanuseHTTPto
browseWebsites,FTPtotransferfiles,andTelnettologontoothercomputers.NAT
alsoallowsyoutoconnecttoaTCP/IPnetworkusingaTokenRingadapteronthehost
computer.
Inthedefaultconfiguration,computersontheexternalnetworkcannotinitiate
connectionstothevirtualmachine.Thatmeans,forexample,thatthedefault
configurationdoesnotletyouusethevirtualmachineasaWebservertosendWeb
pagestocomputersontheexternalnetwork.Thisconfigurationhastheadvantageof
protectingtheguestoperatingsystemfrombeingcompromisedbeforeyouhavea
chancetoinstallsecuritysoftware.Forexample,itisoftenrecommendedthatfor
Windowsguestoperatingsystems,youuseNATuntilyouinstallantivirussoftware.
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Host-Only Networking
Hostonlynetworkingcreatesanetworkthatiscompletelycontainedwithinthehost
computer.Hostonlynetworkingprovidesanetworkconnectionbetweenthevirtual
machineandthehostcomputer,usingavirtualEthernetadapterthatisvisibletothe
hostoperatingsystem.Thisapproachcanbeusefulifyouneedtosetupanisolated
virtualnetwork.
Figure 13-3. Host-Only Networking Setup
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual machine
DHCP server
Virtual Ethernet switch
(VMnet1)
Host virtual
adapter
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Theexampledescribedinthissectionillustratesmanyofthewaysyoucancombine
devicesonavirtualnetwork.OthercustomconfigurationsaredescribedinAdvanced
NetworkingTopicsonpage 291andUsingNATonpage 306.
Inthisconfiguration,aWebserverconnectsthroughafirewalltoanexternalnetwork.
AnadministratorscomputerconnectstotheWebserverthroughasecondfirewall.
Figure 13-4. Custom Configuration That Uses Two Firewalls
Host's
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual
Ethernet switch
(VMnet0)
Virtual
Bridge
bridge
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual machine 2
Web server
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual
Ethernet switch
(VMnet2)
Virtual machine 1
Firewall
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual
Ethernet
adapter
Virtual
Ethernet switch
(VMnet3)
Virtual machine 3
Firewall
Virtual machine 4
Internal PC
Tosetupthisconfiguration,createfourvirtualmachinesandusethevirtualmachine
settingseditortoadjustthesettingsfortheirvirtualEthernetadapters.Youalsoneed
toinstalltheappropriateguestoperatingsystemsandapplicationsoftwareineach
virtualmachineandmaketheappropriatenetworkingsettingsineachvirtualmachine.
To set up a virtual network that connects to an external network
1
SetupfourvirtualmachinesusingtheNewVirtualMachinewizard:
a
Toopenthiswizard,chooseFile>New>VirtualMachine.
Createthefirstvirtualmachinewithbridgednetworkingsoitcanconnectto
anexternalnetworkbyusingthehostcomputersEthernetadapter.
Createtheotherthreevirtualmachineswithoutnetworking.
YouwillsetuptheirvirtualEthernetadaptersinlatersteps.
YouwillnotinstalltheoperatingsystemsuntilStep 7.
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Configurenetworksettingsforthefirstvirtualmachine:
a
Openvirtualmachine1,butdonotpoweriton.
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortoaddasecondvirtualnetwork
adapter.
SeeAddingandModifyingVirtualNetworkAdaptersonpage 284.
c
3
ConnectthesecondadaptertoCustom(VMnet2).
Configurenetworksettingsforthesecondvirtualmachine,asfollows:
a
Openvirtualmachine2,butdonotpoweriton.
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortoaddavirtualnetworkadapter.
SeeAddingandModifyingVirtualNetworkAdaptersonpage 284.
c
4
ConnectthesecondadaptertoCustom(VMnet2).
Configurenetworksettingsforthethirdvirtualmachine,asfollows:
a
Openvirtualmachine3,butdonotpoweriton.
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortoaddavirtualnetworkadapter.
SeeAddingandModifyingVirtualNetworkAdaptersonpage 284.
ConnectthesecondadaptertoCustom(VMnet2).
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortoaddasecondvirtualnetwork
adapter.
ConnecttheadaptertoCustom(VMnet3).
Configurenetworksettingsforthefourthvirtualmachine,asfollows:
a
Openvirtualmachine4,butdonotpoweriton.
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortoaddavirtualnetworkadapter.
SeeAddingandModifyingVirtualNetworkAdaptersonpage 284.
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ConnectthesecondadaptertoCustom(VMnet3).
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DeterminethenetworkaddressesusedforVMnet2andVMnet3:
OnWindowshosts,openacommandpromptandrun:
ipconfig /all
Notethenetworkaddressesusedbyeachvirtualadapter.
OnLinuxhosts,openaterminalandrun:
ifconfig
Notethenetworkaddressesusedbyeachvirtualswitch.
7
Poweroneachvirtualmachineinturnandinstalltheappropriateguestoperating
system.
NOTEOnaWindowshost,forStep 8,youarenotrequiredtoconfigurenetwork
addressesmanually.YoucaninsteaduseWorkstationsDHCPserver.Fromthe
Workstationmenubar,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettings>DHCPandadd
VMnet2andVMnet3tothelistofvirtualnetworksservedbythevirtualDHCP
server.
Configurethenetworkingineachguestoperatingsystem:
Machine1ForthebridgedEthernetadapterinvirtualmachine1,usethe
networkingsettingsneededforaconnectiontotheexternalnetwork.Ifthe
virtualmachinegetsitsIPaddressfromaDHCPserverontheexternal
network,thedefaultsettingsshouldwork.
ForthesecondEthernetadapterinvirtualmachine1,manuallyassignanIP
addressintherangeyouareusingwithVMnet2.
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Machine2AssignanIPaddressintherangeyouareusingwithVMnet2.
Machine3NetworkadaptersareconnectedtoVMnet2andVMnet3.Assign
eachadapteranIPaddressintherangeyouareusingwiththevirtualnetwork
towhichitisconnected.
Machine4AssignanIPaddressintherangeyouareusingwithVMnet3.
Installthenecessaryapplicationsoftwareineachvirtualmachine.
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Poweroffthevirtualmachinetowhichyouwanttoaddtheadapter.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
OntheHardwaretab,clickAdd.
TheAddHardwarewizardstarts.
SelectEthernetAdapterandclickNext.
Selectthenetworktypeyouwanttouse.IfyouselectCustom,choosetheVMnet
networkyouwanttousefromthedropdownlist.
NOTEAlthoughVMnet0,VMnet1,andVMnet8aretechnicallyavailableinthis
list,theyarenormallyusedforbridged,hostonly,andNATconfigurations,
respectively.Specialstepsarerequiredtomakethemavailableforuseincustom
configurations.Youshouldchooseoneoftheotherswitches.
ClickFinish.Thenewadapterisadded.
ClickOKtosaveyourconfigurationandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings.
OntheHardwaretab,selecttheadapteryouwanttomodify.
Selectthenetworktypeyouwanttouse.
IfyouselectCustom,choosetheVMnetvirtualnetworkyouwanttouseforthe
networkfromthedropdownlist.
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ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
BesuretheguestoperatingsystemisconfiguredtouseanappropriateIPaddress
onthenewnetwork.
IftheguestisusingDHCP,releaseandrenewthelease.IftheIPaddressisset
statically,besuretheguesthasanaddressonthecorrectvirtualnetwork.
Viewandchangethesettingsforbridgednetworkingonyourhost.SeeTo
configureVMnet0bridgednetworkingonpage 285.
Determinewhichnetworkadaptersonyourhosttouseforbridgednetworking,as
describedinTodesignateaphysicalEthernetadaptertobridgetocustomvirtual
switchesonpage 286andToaddorremoveahostEthernetadapterfromthelist
ofexcludedadaptersonpage 286.
Mapspecificnetworkadapterstospecificvirtualnetworks,calledVMnets,as
describedinTomakechangestothesubnetortheDHCPsettingsforavirtual
networkonpage 287.
Thechangesyoumaketobridgednetworkingaffectallvirtualmachinesusingbridged
networkingonthehost.
To configure VMnet0 bridged networking
1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettings.
Thevirtualnetworkeditorappears,withtheSummarytabactive.
Bydefault,theVMnet0virtualnetworkissetupinbridgedmodeandbridgesto
oneoftheactiveEthernetadaptersonthehostcomputer.
ClicktheAutomaticBridgingtab,andselectthecheckboxforAutomatically
chooseanavailablephysicaladapter.
OnhostsystemswithmorethanonephysicalEthernetadapterinstalled,thechoice
ofwhichadapterWorkstationusesisarbitrary.Ifyouwanttoplacerestrictionson
thechoice,seetheprocedurefollowingthisone,whichiscalledToaddorremove
ahostEthernetadapterfromthelistofexcludedadapters.
ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethevirtualnetworkeditor.
ThefollowingprocedureenablesyoutoexcludeahostEthernetadapterfromthelistof
adaptersWorkstationusesforautomaticbridgednetworkingonVMnet0.
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To add or remove a host Ethernet adapter from the list of excluded adapters
1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettings.
ClicktheAutomaticBridgingtab.
IntheExcludedadapterssection,dooneofthefollowing,asappropriate:
Toremoveanadapter,selecttheadapterandclickRemove.
Toaddanadapter,clickAdd.IntheAddExcludedAdaptersdialogbox,select
thelistingfortheadapteryouwanttoaddandclickOK.
ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethevirtualnetworkeditor.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettings.
ClicktheHostVirtualNetworkMappingtab.
Chooseanadapterfromthedropdownlistbesidethenameofthevirtualswitch
youwanttouse.
YoucancreateacustombridgednetworkonvirtualswitchesVMnet2toVMnet7.
OnWindows,youcanalsouseVMnet9.OnLinux,youcanalsouseVMnet10
throughVMnet255.
CAUTIONBecarefulwhenyouchangethebridgedadaptermappings.Ifyou
reassignaphysicalEthernetadaptertoadifferentvirtualnetwork,anyvirtual
machineusingtheoriginalnetworklosesitsnetworkconnectivitythroughthat
network.Youmustthenchangethesettingforeachaffectedvirtualmachines
networkadapterindividually.
ThiscanbeespeciallytroublesomeifyourhosthasonlyonephysicalEthernet
adapterandyoureassignittoaVMnetotherthanVMnet0.Inthiscase,even
thoughtheVMnetstillappearstobebridgedtoanautomaticallychosenadapter,
theonlyadapteritcanusehasbeenassignedtoanotherVMnet.
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ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethevirtualnetworkeditor.
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To make changes to the subnet or the DHCP settings for a virtual network
1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettings.
ClicktheHostVirtualNetworkMappingtab.
Clickthebuttonontherightthatcorrespondstothevirtualnetworkyouwantto
configure.
ChooseSubnetorDHCP:
IntheSubnetdialogbox,youcanchangethesubnetsIPaddressandthe
subnetmask.
Theaddressshouldspecifyavalidnetworkaddressthatissuitableforuse
withthesubnetmask.
Thedefaultsubnetmaskis255.255.255.0(aclassCnetwork).Typically,this
meansyoushouldmodifyonlythethirdnumberintheIPaddressfor
example,xin192.168.x.0or172.16.x.0.Ingeneral,youshouldnotchangethe
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subnetmask.Certainvirtualnetworkservicesmightnotworkaswellwitha
customizedsubnetmask.
Whenyoumodifythenetworkaddressorsubnetmask,Workstation
automaticallyupdatestheIPaddresssettingsforothercomponentssuchas
DHCP,NAT,andhostvirtualadapterifthedefaultsettingshaveneverbeen
changed.ThespecificsettingsthatareautomaticallyupdatedincludeDHCP
leaserange,DHCPserveraddress,NATgatewayaddress,andhostvirtual
adapterIPaddress.
However,ifyouhavechangedanyofthesesettingsfromitsdefaultvalue,
Workstationdoesnotupdatethatsettingautomatically.Workstation
presumesthatcustomsettingsarenottobemodified.Thisisthecaseevenif
youlaterchangedthesettingbacktothedefault.
IntheDHCPsettingsdialogbox,youcanchangetherangeofIPaddresses
providedbytheWorkstationDHCPserveronaparticularvirtualnetwork.
YoucanalsousethisdialogboxtosetthedurationofDHCPleasesprovided
toclientsonthevirtualnetwork.
5
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ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethevirtualnetworkeditor.
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FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettings.
ClicktheHostVirtualAdapterstab.
Selecttheadapteryouwanttoenableordisable.
ClickDisableorEnable,asappropriate.
ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethevirtualnetworkeditor.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettings.
ClicktheHostVirtualAdapterstab.
Toaddanadapter,dothefollowing:
a
ClickAdd.
IntheAddNetworkAdapterdialogbox,choosethevirtualnetworkonwhich
youwanttousetheadapterandclickOK.
Toremoveanadapter,selecttheadapteryouwanttoremoveandclickRemove.
ClickOKtosaveyourchangesandclosethevirtualnetworkeditor.
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Inaterminalwindow,becomeroot(su -)andruntheWorkstationconfiguration
program.
vmware-config.pl
Respondtothefollowingquestion:
Do you want networking for your Virtual Machines? (yes/no/help) [yes]
Enteryesifyoustillwanttouseanynetworkinginyourvirtualmachines,and
continuetothenextquestion.
Otherwise,enternotoremoveallnetworking.
3
Ifyouenteryes,whenyoureceivethefollowingprompt,entereditor.
Thisistheonlywaytodeletevirtualnetworkadapterswithoutremovingallof
them.
Would you prefer to modify your existing networking configuration using
the wizard or the editor? (wizard/editor/help) [wizard] editor
Afteryouentereditor,youwillseealistofvirtualnetworksthathavebeen
configured.
4
Selectthenetworkcorrespondingtotheadapteryouwanttodisable.
The following virtual networks have been defined:
. vmnet0 is bridged to eth0
. vmnet1 is a host-only network on subnet 172.16.155.0.
. vmnet8 is NAT network on a private subnet 172.16.107.0.
Which virtual network do you wish to configure? (0-99) 1
Ifyoureceivetheapromptsimilartothefollowing,enteryes:
The network vmnet1 has been reserved for a host-only network. You may
change it, but it is highly recommended that you use it as a host-only
network. Are you sure you want to modify it? (yes/no) [no] yes
Whenyoureceivetheapromptsimilartothefollowing,enternone,andthevirtual
networkwillberemoved.
What type of virtual network do you wish to set vmnet1?
(bridged,hostonly,nat,none) [hostonly] none
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SelectingIPAddressesonaHostOnlyNetworkorNATConfigurationon
page 291
AvoidingIPPacketLeakageinaHostOnlyNetworkonpage 293
MaintainingandChangingtheMACAddressofaVirtualMachineonpage 296
ControllingRoutingInformationforaHostOnlyNetworkonLinuxonpage 297
PotentialIssueswithHostOnlyNetworkingonLinuxonpage 298
SettingUpaSecondBridgedNetworkInterfaceonaLinuxHostonpage 299
SettingUpTwoSeparateHostOnlyNetworksonpage 300
RoutingBetweenTwoHostOnlyNetworksonpage 304
UsingVirtualEthernetAdaptersinPromiscuousModeonaLinuxHoston
page 305
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TofindoutwhichnetworkisusedonaWindowshost,fromtheWorkstationmenubar,
chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettingsandcheckthesubnetnumberassociatedwith
thevirtualnetwork(ontheSummarytab).OnaLinuxhost,runifconfigina
terminal.
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FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettings.
ClicktheDHCPtab.
Selectthevirtualnetworkforwhichyouwanttochangesettingsandclick
Properties.
IntheDHCPSettingsdialogboxthatappears,makechangesandclickOK.
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Address Use
Example
<net>.1
Hostmachine
192.168.0.1
<net>.2<net>.127
Staticaddresses
192.168.0.2192.168.0.127
<net>.128<net>.253
DHCPassigned
192.168.0.128192.168.0.253
<net>.254
DHCPserver
192.168.0.254
<net>.255
Broadcasting
192.168.0.255
Address Use
Example
<net>.1
Hostmachine
192.168.0.1
<net>.2
NATdevice
192.168.0.2
<net>.3<net>.127
Staticaddresses
192.168.0.3192.168.0.127
<net>.128<net>.253
DHCPassigned
192.168.0.128192.168.0.253
<net>.254
DHCPserver
192.168.0.254
<net>.255
Broadcasting
192.168.0.255
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Windows Hosts
SystemsusingserverversionsofWindowsoperatingsystemsarecapableof
forwardingIPpacketsthatarenotaddressedtothem.Bydefault,however,these
systemsandWindowsVistasystemscomewithIPpacketforwardingdisabled.IP
forwardingisnotanissueonWindows2000Professional,WindowsXPProfessional,
orWindowsXPHomeEditionhosts.
IfyoufindpacketsleakingoutofahostonlynetworkonaWindowshostcomputer,
checktoseeifforwardinghasbeenenabledonthehostmachine.Ifitisenabled,disable
it.
To determine whether packet forwarding is enabled and to turn it off
Dooneofthefollowing:
StoptheRoutingandRemoteAccessservice,asfollows:
a
ChooseStart>Run,andthenenterservices.mscintheRundialogbox.
IntheServiceswindowthatappears,disabletheRoutingandRemoteAccess
service.
UseWindowsAdministrativeToolstodisableroutingandremoteaccess,as
follows:
a
OnaWindows2000orWindows2003Serverhost,choose
Start>Programs>AdministrativeTools>RoutingandRemoteAccess.
Aniconontheleftislabeledwiththehostname.Ifagreendotappearsover
theicon,IPforwardingisturnedon.
ToturnoffIPforwarding,rightclicktheiconanddisableRoutingand
RemoteAccess.
Areddotappears,indicatingthatIPforwardingisdisabled.
Windows2000ProfessionalUsers:TheWindows2000AdministrativeToolsarenot
installedonaWindows2000Professionalsystem.However,youcaninstallthesetools
fromaWindows2000ServerorWindows2000AdvancedServerCDROM.
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Openthei386folderontheapplicableWindows2000Serverdisc.
Doubleclicktheadminpak.msifile,andfollowtheinstructionsthatappearinthe
Windows2000AdministrativeToolsSetupwizard.
AfterWindows2000AdministrativeToolsareinstalled,youcanaccessmostofthe
serveradministrativetoolsbychoosingStart>Programs>AdministrativeTools.
Linux Hosts
IfyoufindpacketsleakingoutofahostonlynetworkonaLinuxhostcomputer,see
whetherforwardinghasmistakenlybeenenabledonthehostmachine.Ifitisenabled,
disableit.
To determine whether packet forwarding is enabled
DependingonwhichtypeofLinuxsystemyouhave,useoneofthefollowingmethods:
Disableforwardingbywritinga0(zero)tothespecialfile
/proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward.Asroot(su-),enterthiscommand:
echo "0" > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
UseaconfigurationoptionthatisappropriateforyourLinuxdistribution.For
example,youmightuseacontrolpanel,specifyasettingatthetimeyoucompile
yourkernel,orpossiblyenteraspecificationwhenyoubootyoursystem.Consult
youroperatingsystemdocumentationfordetailsonthemethodtousewithyour
particulardistribution.
Using Filtering
Ifthehostcomputerhasmultiplenetworkadapters,itmightbeintentionally
configuredtodoIPforwarding.Ifthatisthecase,youdonotwanttodisable
forwarding.Toavoidpacketleakage,youmustenableapacketfilteringfacilityand
specifythatpacketsfromthehostonlynetworkshouldnotbesentoutsidethehost
computer.Consultyouroperatingsystemdocumentationfordetailsonhowto
configurepacketfiltering.
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Thevirtualmachineisnotmoved.Thatis,thepathnameandfilenameforthe
virtualmachinesconfigurationfileremainthesame.
Nochangesaremadetocertainsettingsintheconfigurationfile.
Inaddition,Workstationdoesitsbest,butcannotguarantee,toautomaticallyassign
uniqueMACaddressesforvirtualmachinesthatrunonmultiplehostsystems.
Intheseoptions,[n]isthenumberofthevirtualEthernetadapter,forexample0.
NOTETopreserveavirtualEthernetadaptersMACaddress,youalsomustbecareful
nottoremovetheadapter.Ifyouremovetheadapterbutlaterrecreateit,theadapter
mightreceiveadifferentMACaddress.
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Intheseoptions,[n]isthenumberofthevirtualEthernetadapter,forexample,
ethernet0.
Addthefollowinglinetotheconfigurationfile:
ethernet[n].address = 00:50:56:XX:YY:ZZ
Inthisline,thefourthpairofnumbers,XX,mustbeavalidhexadecimalnumber
between00hand3Fh,andYYandZZmustbevalidhexadecimalnumbersbetween00h
andFFh.BecauseWorkstationvirtualmachinesdonotsupportarbitraryMAC
addresses,youmustusetheaboveformat.PlacethislineabovetheUUIDlinesinthe
file.
IfyouchooseavalueforXX:YY:ZZthatisuniqueamongyourhardcodedaddresses,
conflictsbetweentheautomaticallyassignedMACaddressesandthemanually
assignedaddressesshouldneveroccur.
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Ifeitheroftheseprogramsisbeingrunonlytoreceiveroutinginformation,theeasiest
solutionistorunitwitha-qoptionsothatitdoesnotsupplyroutinginformationbut
onlyreceivesit.
If,however,routingservicesarerunningbecausetheyaretosupplyrouting
information,youneedtoconfigurethemsotheydonotadvertiseroutestothe
hostonlynetwork.
TheversionofroutedthatcomeswithmanydistributionsofLinuxhasnosupportfor
specifyingthataninterfaceshouldnotbeadvertised.Consulttherouted(8)manual
pageforyoursystemincaseyouhaveamorecontemporaryversionofthesoftware.
Forgated,configurationisinvolved.YouneedtoexplicitlyexcludetheVMnet1
interfacefromanyprotocolactivity.Ifyouneedtorunvirtualmachinesonahostonly
networkonamultihomedsystemwheregatedisusedandhaveproblemsdoingso,
pleasecontactVMwaretechnicalsupportbysubmittingasupportrequestat
www.vmware.com/requestsupport.
DHCPD on the Linux Host Does Not Work After Installing Workstation
IfyouwererunningtheDHCPserverprogramdhcpdonyourmachinebefore
installingWorkstation,itprobablywasconfiguredtorespondtoDHCPrequestsfrom
clientsonanynetworkinterfacepresentonthemachine.Whenhostonlynetworking
isconfigured,anadditionalnetworkinterface,VMnet1,ismarkedupandavailable
foruse,anddhcpdmightnoticethis.
Insuchcases,somedhcpdimplementationsabortiftheirconfigurationfilesdonot
includeasubnetspecificationfortheinterfaceevenifdhcpdisnotsupposedto
respondtomessagesthatarrivethroughtheinterface.
Thebestsolutionistoaddalineinthefollowingformattothedhcpdconfigurationfile:
subnet <net>.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {}
<net>isthenetworknumberassignedtoyourhostonlynetworkforexample,
192.168.0.Thislineintheconfigurationfileinformsdhcpdaboutthehostonlynetwork
andtellsitexplicitlynottorespondtoanyDHCPrequestsitseescomingfromit.
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Analternativesolutionistoexplicitlystatethesetofnetworkinterfacesthatyouwant
dhcpdtolistentoeachtimeyoustarttheprogram.Forexample,ifyourmachinehas
oneEthernetinterface,eth0,eachtimeyoustartdhcpd,listitonthecommandline:
dhcpd eth0
Thiskeepsdhcpdfromprobingforallavailablenetworkinterfaces.
IfthesesolutionsdonotworkforyourDHCPserverprogram,itisprobablyanold
DHCPserver.YoucantryupgradingtoamorecurrentversionsuchastheDHCP
softwareavailablefromtheISC(www.isc.org).
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Onthehostcomputer,becomeroot(su -)andruntheWorkstationconfiguration
program:
vmware-config.pl
IfyouhavemorethanonephysicalEthernetadapter,enteryesatthefollowing
prompt:
The following bridged networks have been defined:
. vmnet0 is bridged to eth0
Do you wish to configure another bridged network? (yes/no) [no]
IfyouhaveadditionalphysicalEthernetadaptersnotyetconnectedtoabridged
network,thepromptisrepeated,showinginformationaboutallcurrently
configuredbridgednetworks.
3
Whenyouhavesetupallthebridgednetworksyouwant,enterno.
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FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettings.
OntheHostVirtualAdapterstab,clickAdd.
ChoosethevirtualnetworkonwhichyouwanttousetheadapterandclickOK.
ClickOKtoclosethevirtualnetworkeditor.
Asroot(su),runtheWorkstationconfigurationprogram:
/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl
Whenyouseethefollowingprompt,enteryes:
Do you want to be able to use host-only networking in your virtual
machines?
Thewizardreportsonhostonlynetworksthatyouhavealreadysetuponthehost
or,ifnoneispresent,configuresthefirsthostonlynetwork.
3
Whenyouseethefollowingprompt,enteryes:
Do you wish to configure another host-only network?
Repeatthisstepuntilyouhaveasmanyhostonlynetworksasyouwant,andthen
enterno.
4
Completetheremainingstepsinthewizard.Whenitisfinished,itrestartsall
servicesusedbyWorkstation.
Runifconfig.
Atleastfournetworkinterfacesappear:eth0,lo,vmnet1,andvmnet2.IftheVMnet
interfacesdonotshowupimmediately,waitforaminute,andrunthecommand
again.ThesefourinterfacesshouldhavedifferentIPaddressesonseparate
subnets.
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Configuration1ThevirtualmachineisconfiguredwithonevirtualEthernet
adapter,andthatvirtualadapterisconnectedtothedefaulthostonlyinterface
(VMnet1).Tousethisconfiguration,seeTouseconfiguration1or2onpage 302.
Configuration2ThevirtualmachineisconfiguredwithonevirtualEthernet
adapter,andthatvirtualadapterisconnectedtothenewlycreatedhostonly
interface(VMnet2).Tousethisconfiguration,seeTouseconfiguration1or2on
page 302.
Configuration3ThevirtualmachineisconfiguredwithtwovirtualEthernet
adapters.Onevirtualadapterisconnectedtothedefaulthostonlyinterface
(VMnet1)andtheothervirtualadapterisconnectedtothenewlycreatedhostonly
interface(VMnet2).Tousethisconfiguration,seeTouseconfiguration3connect
totwohostonlyinterfacesonpage 303.
To use configuration 1 or 2
1
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Itcanbeeitherpoweredofforpoweredon.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
OntheHardwaretab,selectEthernet.
IntheNetworkConnectionsection,dooneofthefollowing:
Toconnecttothedefaulthostonlyinterface(VMnet1),selectHostonly.
Toconnecttothenewlycreatedhostonlyinterface,selectCustom,andchoose
VMnet2(Hostonly)fromthedropdownlistontheright.
Ifnonetworkadapterisshowninthelistofdevices,addone,asdescribedin
AddingandModifyingVirtualNetworkAdaptersonpage 284.
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Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
OntheHardwaretab,selectEthernet.
Connectthetwoadapters,asfollows:
a
Selectthefirstnetworkadapterinthelistofdevices,andintheNetwork
Connectionsection,selectHostonly.
Thisadapterisconnectedtothedefaulthostonlyinterface(VMnet1),
Selectthesecondnetworkadapterinthelist,andintheNetworkConnection
section,selectCustomandchooseVMnet2(Hostonly)fromthedropdown
list.
Ifnonetworkadapterisshowninthelistofdevices,addone,asdescribedin
AddingandModifyingVirtualNetworkAdaptersonpage 284.
To finish configuring the adapters
1
Poweronthevirtualmachineandinstallyourguestoperatingsystem.
Inconfigurations1and2,youseeoneEthernetadapter.Inconfiguration3,yousee
twoEthernetadapterswithintheguest.
ConfiguretheEthernetadaptersasyouwouldphysicaladaptersonaphysical
computer,givingeachanIPaddressontheappropriateVMnetsubnet.
ToseewhatIPaddressahostonlynetworkisusing:
OnWindowshosts,openacommandpromptandrun:
ipconfig /all
OnLinuxhosts,openaterminalandrun:
ifconfig
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Setuptheconnectiontothefirst(default)hostonlyinterface,asdescribedinTo
useconfiguration1or2onpage 302.
Setuptheconnectiontothesecond(VMnet2)hostonlyinterface,asdescribedin
Touseconfiguration1or2onpage 302.
Ifyouplantoruntheroutersoftwareonavirtualmachine,setupathirdvirtual
machinewithconnectionstothetwohostonlyinterfaces,asdescribedinTouse
configuration3connecttotwohostonlyinterfacesonpage 303.
Toruntheroutersoftwareonyourhostcomputer,skipthisstep.
Therestofthestepsinthisproceduredescribehowtoconfigurethevirtual
machinestousestaticIPaddresses.
StoptheVMnetDHCPserverservice:
OnaWindowshost,fromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Virtual
NetworkSettings>DHCP,selecttheserviceandclickStop.
OnaLinuxhost,openaterminalandusethefollowingcommandtostopthe
vmnet-dhcpdservice:
killall -TERM vmnet-dhcpd
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Installguestoperatingsystemsineachofthevirtualmachines.
Installtheroutersoftware,eitheronthehostcomputerorinthethirdvirtual
machine,dependingontheapproachyouareusing.
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Configurenetworkinginthefirsttwovirtualmachinestouseaddressesonthe
appropriatehostonlynetwork:
OnWindowshosts,openacommandpromptandrunipconfig /alltosee
whichIPaddresseseachhostonlynetworkisusing.
OnLinuxhosts,openaterminalandrunifconfigtoseewhichIPaddresses
eachhostonlynetworkisusing.
AssignIPaddressesbydoingoneofthefollowing:
Ifyouarerunningtherouteronthehostcomputer,assigndefaultrouter
addressesbasedontheaddressesofthehostonlyadaptersonthehost
computer.
Inthefirstvirtualmachinesnetworkingconfiguration,thedefaultrouter
addressshouldbetheIPaddressforthehostonlyadapterconnectedto
VMnet1.Inthesecondvirtualmachinesnetworkingconfiguration,the
defaultrouteraddressshouldbetheIPaddressforthehostonlyadapter
connectedtoVMnet2.
Ifyouarerunningtheroutersoftwareinathirdvirtualmachine,setthe
defaultrouteraddressesinthefirsttwovirtualmachinesbasedonthoseused
bythethirdvirtualmachine.
Inthefirstvirtualmachinesnetworkingconfiguration,thedefaultrouter
addressshouldbetheIPaddressforthethirdvirtualmachinesEthernet
adapterconnectedtoVMnet1.Inthesecondvirtualmachinesnetworking
configuration,thedefaultrouteraddressshouldbetheIPaddressforthethird
virtualmachinesEthernetadapterconnectedtoVMnet2.
Atthispointyoushouldbeabletopingtheroutermachinefromvirtualmachines1and
2.Iftheroutersoftwareissetupcorrectly,youshouldbeabletocommunicatebetween
thefirstandsecondvirtualmachines.
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TosetthevirtualmachinesEthernetadaptertopromiscuousmode,youmustlaunch
WorkstationasrootbecauseyoumusthavereadandwriteaccesstotheVMnetdevice.
Forexample,ifyouareusingbridgednetworking,youmusthaveaccessto
/dev/vmnet0.
TograntselectedotherusersreadandwriteaccesstotheVMnetdevice,youcancreate
anewgroup,addtheappropriateuserstothegroupandgrantthatgroupreadand
writeaccesstotheappropriatedevice.Youmustmakethesechangesonthehost
operatingsystemasroot(su -).Forexample,youcanenterthefollowingcommands:
chgrp <newgroup> /dev/vmnet0
chmod g+rw /dev/vmnet0
<newgroup>isthegroupthatshouldhavetheabilitytosetvmnet0topromiscuous
mode.
ForalluserstobeabletosetthevirtualEthernetadapter(/dev/vmnet0intheexample)
topromiscuousmode,runthefollowingcommandonthehostoperatingsystemas
root:
chmod a+rw /dev/vmnet0
Using NAT
Networkaddresstranslation(NAT)providesawayforvirtualmachinestousemost
clientapplicationsoveralmostanytypeofnetworkconnectionavailabletothehost.
TheonlyrequirementisthatthenetworkconnectionmustsupportTCP/IP.
NATisusefulwhenyouhavealimitedsupplyofIPaddressesorareconnectedtothe
networkthroughanonEthernetnetworkadapter.NATworksbytranslatingaddresses
ofvirtualmachinesinaprivateVMnetnetworktothatofthehostmachine.Whena
virtualmachinesendsarequesttoaccessanetworkresource,itappearstothenetwork
resourceasiftherequestiscomingfromthehostmachine.
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machineandforwardsthedatatothevirtualmachineonthevirtualnetwork.This
translationoccursautomaticallyandrequiresminimalconfigurationontheguestand
thehost.
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ThevirtualmachinesintheprivateNATnetworkarenot,themselves,accessible
throughDNS.IfyouwantthevirtualmachinesrunningontheNATnetworktoaccess
eachotherbyDNSnames,youmustsetupaprivateDNSserverconnectedtotheNAT
network.
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OnaWindowsHostonpage 309
OnaLinuxHostonpage 311
On a Windows Host
UsethevirtualnetworksettingseditortoconfigureNAT,asdescribedinthefollowing
procedure.ToedittheNATconfigurationfile,seeCustomNATandDHCP
ConfigurationonaWindowsHostonpage 310.
To configure NAT on a Windows host
1
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>VirtualNetworkSettings.
UsethecontrolsontheNATtabtoconfigureNAT:
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StopandstartthevirtualNATdevicebyclickingtheappropriatebuttons.
ToeditNATsettingsforavirtualnetwork,choosetheVMnetnetworkfrom
thedropdownmenuandclickEdit.TheNATSettingsdialogboxappears.
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ClicktheappropriatebuttontosetuporchangeportforwardingortospecifyDNS
serversthevirtualNATdeviceshoulduse.
ClickOKtoclosethevirtualnetworkeditor.
NOTEYoucanchangemanykeyNATandDCHPsettingsusingthevirtualnetwork
settingseditor(Edit>VirtualNetworkSettings).However,ifyoumakemanual
changestotheconfigurationfiles,thosechangesmightbelostwhenyouusethevirtual
networksettingseditor.Ifyoumakemanualchanges,makebackupcopiesofthefiles
beforechanginganysettingsinthevirtualnetworksettingseditor.Youcanthencopy
yourmanualchangesbackintotheappropriateconfigurationfiles.
Specifying Connections from Ports Below 1024
WhenaclientmachinemakesaTCPorUDPconnectiontoaserver,theconnection
comesfromaparticularportontheclient(thesourceport)andconnectstoaparticular
portontheserver(thedestinationport).Forsecurityreasons,someserversaccept
connectionsonlyfromsourceportsbelow1024.Youmightseethisconfigurationon
machinesusedasNFSfileservers,forexample.
IfavirtualmachineusingNATattemptstoconnecttoaserverthatrequirestheclient
touseasourceportbelow1024,itisimportantthattheNATdeviceforwardtherequest
fromaportbelow1024.Youcanspecifythisbehaviorinthevmnetnat.conffile.
Thisbehavioriscontrolledbyentriesinsectionsheaded[privilegedUDP]and
[privilegedTCP].Youmightneedtoaddsettingstoormodifysettingsineitheror
bothofthesesections,dependingonthekindofconnectionyouneedtomake.
Youcansettwoparameters,eachofwhichappearsonaseparateline.
autodetect = <n>
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TheautodetectsettingdetermineswhethertheVMwareNATdeviceautomatically
attemptstomapvirtualmachinesourceportsbelow1024toNATsourceportsbelow
1024.Asettingof1meanstrue.Asettingof0meansfalse.OnaWindowshost,the
defaultis1(true).OnaLinuxhost,thedefaultis0(false).
port = <n>
Theportsettingspecifiesadestinationport(where<n>istheportontheserverthat
acceptstheconnectionfromtheclient).Wheneveravirtualmachineconnectstothe
specifiedportonanyserver,theNATdeviceattemptstomaketheconnectionfroma
sourceportbelow1024.Youcanincludeoneormoreportsettingsinthe
[privilegedUDP]or[privilegedTCP]sectionorinbothsections,asrequiredforthe
connectionsyouneedtomake.Entereachportsettingonaseparateline.
On a Linux Host
UsetheNATconfigurationfileonthehosttoconfiguretheNATdevice.Thisfileis
locatedin/etc/vmware/vmnet8/nat/nat.conf.
Theconfigurationfileisdividedintosections.EachsectionconfiguresapartoftheNAT
device.Textsurroundedbysquarebracketssuchas[host]marksthebeginningof
asection.Ineachsectionisaconfigurationparameterthatcanbeset.Theconfiguration
parameterstaketheformip = 192.168.27.2/24.
ForanexampleofaNATconfigurationfile,seeSampleLinuxvmnetnat.confFileon
page 317.TheconfigurationfilevariablesaredescribedinContentsoftheNAT
ConfigurationFileonpage 311.
OnaWindowshost:
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\vmnetnat.conf
Ifyoueditthisfileandthenusethevirtualnetworksettingseditor(Edit>Virtual
NetworkSettings),youreditsmightbelost.
OnaLinuxhost:
/etc/vmware/vmnet8/nat/nat.conf
TheNATconfigurationfilecontainsthefollowingsections.
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TheIPaddressthattheNATdeviceshoulduse.Itcanoptionallybefollowedbya
slashandthenumberofbitsinthesubnet.
netmask
ThesubnetmasktousefortheNATnetwork.DHCPaddressesareallocatedfrom
thisrangeofaddresses.
configport
AportthatcanbeusedtoaccessstatusinformationabouttheNATdevice.
device
TheVMnetdevicetouse.WindowsdevicesareoftheformVMnet<x>where<x>
isthenumberoftheVMnet.Linuxdevicesareoftheform/dev/vmnet<x>.
activeFTP
FlagtoindicateifactiveFTPistobeallowed.ActiveFTPallowsincoming
connectionstobeopenedbytheremoteFTPserver.Turningthisoffmeansthat
onlypassivemodeFTPworks.Setthisflagto0toturnitoff.
The [udp] Section
timeout
NumberofsecondstokeeptheUDPmappingfortheNATnetwork.
The [dns] Section
ThissectionisforWindowshostsonly.Linuxdoesnotusethissection.
policy
PolicytouseforDNSforwarding.Acceptedvaluesinclude:
orderSendoneDNSrequestatatimeinorderofthenameservers.
rotateSendoneDNSrequestatatimeandrotatethroughtheDNSservers.
burstSendtothreeserversandwaitforthefirstonetorespond.
timeout
TimeinsecondsbeforeretryingaDNSrequest.
retries
NumberofretriesbeforetheNATdevicegivesuponaDNSrequest.
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autodetect
FlagtoindicatewhethertheNATdeviceshoulddetecttheDNSserversavailable
tothehost.
nameserver1
IPaddressofaDNSservertouse.
nameserver2
IPaddressofaDNSservertouse.
nameserver3
IPaddressofaDNSservertouse.
Ifautodetectisonandsomenameserversarespecified,theDNSserversspecified
innameserver1,nameserver2andnameserver3areaddedbeforethelistof
detectedDNSservers.
The [netbios] Section
ThissectionappliestoWindowshostsonly.Linuxdoesnotusethissection.
nbnsTimeout = 2
Timeout,inseconds,forNBNSqueries.
nbnsRetries = 3
NumberofretriesforeachNBNSquery.
nbdsTimeout = 3
Timeout,inseconds,forNBDSqueries.
The [incomingtcp] Section
UsethissectiontoconfigureTCPportforwardingforNAT.Inthissection,youcan
assignaportnumbertoanIPaddressandportnumberonavirtualmachine.
Thefollowinglineshowstheformatusedinthissection:
8887 = 192.168.27.128:21
Thisexamplecreatesamappingfromport8887onthehosttotheIPaddress
192.168.27.128andport21.Whenthismappingissetandanexternalmachineconnects
tothehostatport8887,thenetworkpacketsareforwardedtoport21(thestandardport
forFTP)onthevirtualmachinewithIPaddress192.168.27.128.
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Thisexamplecreatesamappingfromport6000onthehosttotheIPaddress
192.168.27.128andport6001.Whenthismappingissetandanexternalmachine
connectstothehostatport6000,thenetworkpacketsareforwardedtoport6001onthe
virtualmachinewithIPaddress192.168.27.128.
NATcausessomeperformanceloss.
BecauseNATrequiresthateverypacketsenttoandreceivedfromavirtual
machinemustbeintheNATnetwork,thereisanunavoidableperformance
penalty.
NATisnotperfectlytransparent.
Itdoesnotnormallyallowconnectionstobeinitiatedfromoutsidethenetwork,
althoughyoucansetupserverconnectionsbymanuallyconfiguringtheNAT
device.ThepracticalresultisthatsomeTCPandUDPprotocolsthatrequirea
connectionbeinitiatedfromtheservermachinesomepeertopeerapplications,
forexampledonotworkautomatically,andsomemightnotworkatall.
NATprovidessomefirewallprotection.
AstandardNATconfigurationprovidesbasiclevelfirewallprotectionbecausethe
NATdevicecaninitiateconnectionsfromtheprivateNATnetwork,butdeviceson
theexternalnetworkcannotnormallyinitiateconnectionstotheprivateNAT
network.
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TouseNetLogon,youneedtoknowhowWINSserversandWindowsdomain
controllerswork.Thissectionexplainshowtosetupthevirtualmachinetouse
NetLogon.Thesetupprocessissimilartothewayyousetupaphysicalcomputeron
oneLANthatisusingadomaincontrolleronanotherLAN.
TologontoaWindowsdomainoutsidethevirtualNATnetwork,thevirtualmachine
needsaccesstoaWINSserverforthatdomain.Youcanconnectthevirtualmachineto
aWINSserverintwoways:
ConnecttotheWINSserverprovidedbytheDHCPserverusedontheNAT
network,iftheWINSserverisalreadysetuponthehost.
ToconnectfromthevirtualmachinetoaWINSservernotsetuponthehost,you
canmanuallyentertheIPaddressoftheWINSserver.
Thissectionprovidesinstructionsforbothstrategies.
Inthevirtualmachine,rightclickMyNetworkPlacesandchooseProperties.
ForWindowsVista,opentheNetworkandSharingCenter,andclicktheView
Statuslinkfortheconnectionthatusesthedesiredvirtualnetworkadapter.
IntheNetworkConnectionswindow,rightclickthevirtualnetworkadapterand
chooseProperties.
ForWindowsVista,intheConnectionStatuswindow,clickPropertiesandclick
Continuewhenpromptedforpermission.
InthePropertiesdialogbox,selectInternetProtocol(TCP/IP)andclickProperties.
IntheTCP/IPPropertiesdialogbox,clickAdvanced.
OntheWINStab,underNetBIOSsetting,selectUseNetBIOSsettingfrom
DHCPServer.
ClickOKtwiceandclickClose.
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Inthevirtualmachine,rightclickMyNetworkPlacesandchooseProperties.
ForWindowsVista,opentheNetworkandSharingCenter,andclicktheView
Statuslinkfortheconnectionthatusesthevirtualnetworkadapter.
IntheNetworkConnectionswindow,rightclickthevirtualnetworkadapterand
chooseProperties.
ForWindowsVista,intheConnectionStatuswindow,clickPropertiesandclick
Continuewhenpromptedforpermission.
InthePropertiesdialogbox,selectInternetProtocol(TCP/IP)andclickProperties.
IntheTCP/IPPropertiesdialogbox,clickAdvanced.
OntheWINStab,clickAdd.
IntheTCP/IPWINSServerdialogbox,entertheIPaddressfortheWINSserverin
theWINSserverfieldandclickOK.
TheIPaddressoftheWINSserverappearsintheWINSaddresseslistontheWINS
tab.
ClickOKtwiceandclickClose.
NowthatthevirtualmachinehasanIPaddressforaWINSserver,youuseNetLogon
inthevirtualmachinetologontoadomainandaccesssharesinthatdomain.
Forexample,iftheWINSservercoversadomainwithadomaincontroller,itispossible
toaccessthatdomaincontrollerfromthevirtualmachineandaddthevirtualmachine
tothedomain.YouneedtoknowtheuserIDandpasswordoftheAdministratoruser
onthedomaincontroller.
NOTEYouraccessislimitedtosharesofvirtualmachinesthatareonthesameNAT
networkorarebridgedonthesamedomain.
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#nameserver2 = 63.93.12.3
#nameserver3 = 208.23.14.4
[netbios]
# This section applies only to Windows.
# Timeout for NBNS queries.
nbnsTimeout = 2
# Number of retries for each NBNS query.
nbnsRetries = 3
# Timeout for NBDS queries.
nbdsTimeout = 3
[incomingtcp]
# Use these with care - anyone can enter into your virtual machine through
# these...
# FTP (both active and passive FTP is always enabled)
#
ftp localhost 8887
#8887 = 192.168.27.128:21
# WEB (make sure that if you are using named webhosting, names point to
#
your host, not to guest... And if you are forwarding port other
#
than 80 make sure that your server copes with mismatched port
#
number in Host: header)
#
lynx http://localhost:8888
#8888 = 192.168.27.128:80
# SSH
#
ssh -p 8889 root@localhost
#8889 = 192.168.27.128:22
[incomingudp]
# UDP port forwarding example
#6000 = 192.168.27.128:6001
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MakesuretheSambapasswordfileincludesentriesforallusersofthevirtualmachine
whowillaccessthehostsfilesystem.TheusernamesandpasswordsintheSamba
passwordfilemustmatchthoseusedforloggingontotheguestoperatingsystem.
YoucanaddusernamesandpasswordstotheSambapasswordfileatanytimefroma
terminalwindowonyourLinuxhostcomputer.
To add users to the Samba password file
1
Logontotherootaccount:
su
RuntheSambapasswordcommand:
smbpasswd -a <username>
<username>istheusernametoadd.
3
Followtheinstructionsonthescreen.
Logoutoftherootaccount:
exit
ThisexampletellstheSambaservertolistentoanduseboththeeth0andvmnet1
interfaces,whicharetheinterfacesusedbybridgedandhostonlynetworking,
respectively.
to/etc/samba/smb.confandrestartSamba.
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14
Thefollowingsectionsprovideinformationonconfiguringthevideodisplayand
soundforVMwareWorkstation.Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
SettingScreenColorDepthonpage 321
ExperimentalSupportforDirect3Donpage 322
ConfiguringSoundonpage 327
16color(VGA)mode
8bitpseudocolor
16bitsperpixel(16significantbitsperpixel)
32bitsperpixel(24significantbitsperpixel)
Ifthehostisin15bitcolormode,theguestoperatingsystemscolorsettingcontrols
offer15bitmodeinplaceof16bitmode.
Ifthehostisin24bitcolormode,theguestoperatingsystemscolorsettingcontrols
offer24bitmodeinplaceof32bitmode.
Ifyourunaguestoperatingsystemsetforagreaternumberofcolorsthanyourhost
operatingsystemisusing,youcanencountervariousproblems.Insomecases,for
example,thecolorsintheguestarenotcorrect.Inothers,theguestoperatingsystemis
notabletouseagraphicalinterface.
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Youcantryeitherofthefollowingsolutions:
Increasethenumberofcolorsavailableonthehost,asdescribedinChanging
ScreenColorDepthontheHostonpage 322.
Decreasethenumberofcolorsusedintheguest,asdescribedinChangingScreen
ColorDepthintheVirtualMachineonpage 322.
Forbestperformance,usethesamenumberofcolorsintheguestandonthehost.
InaWindowsguest,theDisplayPropertiescontrolpaneloffersonlythosesettings
thataresupported.
InaLinuxorFreeBSDguest,youmustchangethecolordepthbeforeyoustartthe
XserverorrestarttheXserveraftermakingthechanges.
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WorkstationacceleratesDirectX8applicationsandDirectX9applicationsthatuse
onlythesubsetofDirectX8.
Supportfor3Dapplicationsisnotoptimizedforperformance.
OpenGLapplicationsruninsoftwareemulationmode.
Notallaspectsof3Daccelerationareenabled.Thefollowing3Dfeaturesarenot
accelerated:
Pixelandvertexshaders
Multiplevertexstreams
Hardwarebumpmapping,environmentmapping
Projectedtextures
Textureswithone,three,orfourdimensions
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Withregardstohardware,useahostvideocardwithsupportforaccelerated
OpenGL,suchasNVIDIATNT,GeForceandQuadrocards,orATIFireGLand
Radeon8500(orhigher)videocards.
Ifyouareunsure,checkwithyourhardwaremanufacturer.
Withregardstosoftware,upgradethehostsvideodriverstothelatestversion
available:
ATIdriversareavailableat:
ati.amd.com/support/driver.html
NVIDIAdriversareavailableat:
www.nvidia.com/content/drivers/drivers.asp
IfyouareusingaWindows2000orWindowsXPhost,makesurehardware
accelerationisturnedupinthedisplayproperties:
a
Rightclickthedesktopandchoose
Properties>Settings>Advanced>Troubleshoot.
MovetheHardware AccelerationsliderallthewaytotheFullposition.
IfyouareusingLinux,testyourLinuxhostforcompatibility:
a
Toverifythatdirectrenderingisenabled,run:
glxinfo | grep direct
Toensurethat3Dapplicationsworkonyourhost,run:
glxgears
Afteryourhostisconfigured,configureavirtualmachineforaccelerated3D.
To enable a virtual machine for accelerated 3-D
1
ChooseavirtualmachinewithWindows2000orXPguestoperatingsystem.
DonotenableDirect3Donavirtualmachinethatispoweredonorsuspended.
Ifthevirtualmachineissettousemorethanonemonitor,usethevirtualmachine
settingseditortosetitbacktousingonlyonemonitor.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff,andthenselectit,choose
VM>Settings>Hardware>Display,andspecifyonemonitor.
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Addthefollowingtotheconfiguration(.vmx)fileforthevirtualmachine:
mks.enable3d = "TRUE"
Thislineenablesaccelerated3Donthehost.Itisrequiredtosupportaccelerated
3Dintheguestandalsoenablesthehosttoaccelerate2Dportionsoftheguest
display.
4
Alsoaddoneorbothofthefollowingoptionallines:
svga.vramSize = "67108864"
ThislineincreasestheamountofVRAMonthevirtualdisplaycardto64MB.
AddingmoreVRAMhelpstoreducethrashingintheguest.Themaximumvalue
is128MB.
vmmouse.present = "FALSE"
Thislinedisablestheabsolutepointingdeviceintheguest.Applicationsthat
requireDirectInputrelativemoderequirethatyouturnofftheabsolutepointing
deviceintheguest.Inpractice,thisisonlyrequiredforacertainclassoffullscreen
3Dapplications(forexample,realtimegameslikefirstpersonshooters).
5
Ifyousetthevmmouse.presentoption,alsoturnoffthepreferenceformotion
ungrabbingintheWorkstationpreferences,asfollows:
a
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences.
ClicktheInputtab.
DeselectUngrabwhencursorleaveswindow.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
InstallVMwareTools.
Forinstructions,seeInstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolsonpage 115.
InstallDirectX9.0cEndUserRuntime.
ThisdownloadisavailablefromMicrosoftat:
www.microsoft.com/downloads/search.aspx?displaylang=en&categoryid=2
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Installandrunyour3Dapplications.
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Known Issues
CommonproblemsforDirect3Dexperimentalsupportincludethefollowing:
SwitchingtabsintheVMwareWorkstationconsoledoesnotworkwhile3D
applicationsarerunning.
Switchingbetweenfullscreenandwindowedmodedoesnotworkwhile3D
applicationsarerunning.
Runningmultiple3DapplicationssimultaneouslymightcrashtheWorkstation
application.
Whena3Dapplicationisrunning,youcannotsuspendorresumethevirtual
machine,andyoucannottakesnapshots.
Graphicalcorruptionoccurs,suchas:
Screenshotormoviecapturedisplaysgraphicalcorruptionforthe3Dareaof
thescreen.
Theguestcursoroccasionallyhasahaloofcorruption(usuallywhite)when
mousingover3Dregionsintheguestoperatingsystem.
Catastrophicfailuressuchasbluescreeningtheguest,or3Dapplicationsthat
crashWorkstation.
TestingreportsaboutATI8500(andlater)videocards(whetherornottheywork).
TestingreportsaboutLinuxhostoperatingsystems(whetherornottheywork).
TestingreportsaboutspecificDirectX8andDX9applicationsyouareusing
(whetherornottheywork).
Specificproblemsyouarehavingwhenrunning3D.
SpecificdirectionsinwhichyouwanttoseeVMware3Dtechnologyevolve.
Specificanddetailedreportscanhelpspeedthisfeaturefromexperimentalsupportto
fullfunctionality.Includeasmanydetailsaboutyourconfiguration,3Dapplications,
andhardwareasyoucan.
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Configuring Sound
WorkstationprovidesasounddevicecompatiblewiththeSoundBlasterAudioPCIand
supportssoundinWindows95,Windows98,WindowsMe,WindowsNT,Windows
2000,WindowsXP,WindowsServer2003,andLinuxguestoperatingsystems.The
Workstationsounddeviceisenabledbydefault.
SoundsupportincludesPCM(pulsecodemodulation)outputandinput.Forexample,
youcanplay.wavfiles,MP3audio,andRealMediaaudio.MIDIoutputfromWindows
guestsissupportedthroughtheWindowssoftwaresynthesizer.MIDIinputisnot
supported,andnoMIDIsupportisavailableforLinuxguests.
Windows2000,WindowsXP,andmostrecentLinuxdistributionsautomaticallydetect
thesounddeviceandinstallappropriatedriversforit.
ForWindowsVista,whenyouinstallVMwareToolsina64bitWindowsVistaguest
operatingsystem,asounddriverisinstalled.For32bitWindowsVistaguestsand
Windows2003Serverguests,youneedtouseWindowsUpdatetoinstalla32bitdriver.
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Connecting Devices
15
Thischapterdescribeshowtousevariousdeviceswithavirtualmachine.Thischapter
includesthefollowingtopics:
UsingParallelPortsonpage 329
UsingSerialPortsonpage 335
ConfiguringKeyboardFeaturesonpage 343
UsingUSBDevicesinaVirtualMachineonpage 353
ConnectingtoaGenericSCSIDeviceonpage 359
UsingTwoWayVirtualSymmetricMultiprocessing(Experimental)onpage 367
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StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClickAddtostarttheNewHardwarewizard.
SelectParallelPortandclickNext.
Maketheappropriateselectiontouseaphysicalparallelportorconnectthevirtual
parallelporttoafile.
Specifywhichoptionyouwanttousefortheparallelport:
IfyouselectUsephysicalparallelport,clickNextandchoosetheportfrom
thedropdownlist.
IfyouselectOutputfile,clickNextandenterthepathandfilenameorbrowse
tothelocationofthefile.
UnderDevicestatus,ifyoudonotwanttheparallelporttoconnectatpoweron
clearthecheckbox.
ClickFinish.
InaWindows95orWindows98guest,afteryouaddtheport,runtheguestoperating
systemsAddNewHardwarewizard(Start>Settings>ControlPanel>AddNew
Hardware)andletWindowsdetectthenewdevice.
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ParallelPortsandLinux2.2.xKernelsonpage 331
ParallelPortsandLinux2.4.xKernelsonpage 332
ParallelPortsandLinux2.6.xKernelsonpage 333
DevicePermissionsonpage 334
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Determinewhethertheparport,parport_pc,andvmppusermodulesare
installedandrunningonyoursystembyrunningthelsmodcommandastheroot
user.
Thesethreemodulesshouldbeincludedinthelistingofrunningmodules.Youcan
alsolookatthe/proc/modulesfileforthesamelist.
Toloadthepropermodules,runthiscommand:
insmod <modulename>
Ifnoneofthelistedparallelportmodulesisloaded,usethiscommand:
insmod parport_pc
Thiscommandinsertsthethreemodulesneededforaparallelport.
Ifyoucontinuetoseeproblems,itispossiblethatthelpmoduleisrunning.Ifitis,
thevirtualmachinecannotusetheparallelportcorrectly.
4
Ifthelpmoduleisloaded,runthiscommandastherootusertoremoveit:
rmmod lp
Verifythatthelinereferringtothelpmoduleinthe/etc/modules.confor
/etc/conf.modulesfileisremovedorcommentedoutbyinsertingahash
character(#)atthebeginningoftheline.
ThenameoftheconfigurationfiledependsontheLinuxdistributionyouare
using.Whenyourebootthehostafterremovingthisline,theconfigurationfileno
longerstartsthelpmodule.
Toensurethatthepropermodulesfortheparallelportareloadedatboottime,add
thislinetothe/etc/modules.confor/etc/conf.modulesfile:
alias parport_lowlevel parport_pc
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Determinewhethertheparport,parport_pc,andppdevmodulesareinstalled
andloadedonyoursystembyrunningthelsmodcommandastherootuser.
Thesethreemodulesshouldbeincludedinthelistingofloadedmodules.Youcan
alsolookatthe/proc/modulesfileforthesamelist.
Toloadthepropermodules,runthiscommand:
insmod <modulename>
Ifnoneofthelistedparallelportmodulesisloaded,usethiscommand:
insmod parport_pc
Usethiscommandtoloadtheppdevmodule:
insmod ppdev
Ifyoucontinuetoseeproblems,itispossiblethatthelpmoduleisloaded.Ifitis,
thevirtualmachinecannotusetheparallelportcorrectly.
5
Ifthelpmoduleisloaded,runthiscommandastherootusertoremoveit:
rmmod lp
Verifythatthelinereferringtothelpmoduleinthe/etc/modules.confor
/etc/conf.modulesfileisremovedorcommentedoutbyinsertingahash
character(#)atthebeginningoftheline.
ThenameoftheconfigurationfiledependsontheLinuxdistributionyouare
using.Whenyourebootthehostafterremovingthisline,theconfigurationfileno
longerstartsthelpmodule.
Toensurethatthepropermodulesfortheparallelportareloadedatboottime,add
thislinetothe/etc/modules.confor/etc/conf.modulesfile:
alias parport_lowlevel parport_pc
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Linuxkernelsinthe2.4.xseriesalsouseaspecialarbitratorthatallowsaccesstothe
parallelporthardware.Iftheparallelportisinusebythehost,theguestcannotuseit.
Ifavirtualmachineisusingtheparallelport,thehostandanyusersaccessingthehost
arenotgivenaccesstothedevice.Workstationputsalockonthedevice,andthislock
restrictsaccesssothatonlythevirtualmachinecanusetheport.
FromtheVMwareWorkstationmenubar,youcanchooseVM>RemovableDevicesto
disconnecttheparallelportfromthevirtualmachineandreconnectit.
Ifnoneofthelistedparallelportmodulesisloaded,usethiscommand:
modprobe parport_pc && modprobe ppdev
Thiscommandinsertsthemodulesneededforaparallelport.
Ifyoucontinuetoseeproblems,itispossiblethatthelpmoduleisloaded.Ifitis,
thevirtualmachinecannotusetheparallelportcorrectly.
3
Ifthelpmoduleisloaded,runthiscommandastherootusertoremoveit:
rmmod lp
Verifythatthelinereferringtothelpmoduleinthe/etc/modules.confor
/etc/conf.modulesfileisremovedorcommentedoutbyinsertingahash
character(#)atthebeginningoftheline.
ThenameoftheconfigurationfiledependsontheLinuxdistributionyouare
using.Whenyourebootthehostafterremovingthisline,theconfigurationfileno
longerstartsthelpmodule.
Toensurethatthepropermodulesfortheparallelportareloadedatboottime,add
thislinetothe/etc/modules.confor/etc/conf.modulesfile:
alias parport_lowlevel parport_pc
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Linuxkernelsinthe2.6.xseriesalsouseaspecialarbitratorthatallowsaccesstothe
parallelporthardware.Iftheparallelportisinusebythehost,theguestcannotuseit.
Ifavirtualmachineisusingtheparallelport,thehostandanyusersaccessingthehost
arenotgivenaccesstothedevice.Workstationputsalockonthedevice,andthislock
restrictsaccesssothatonlythevirtualmachinecanusetheport.
YoucanchooseVM>RemovableDevicestodisconnecttheparallelportfromthe
virtualmachineandreconnectit.
Device Permissions
SomeLinuxdistributionsbydefaultdonotgrantthevirtualmachineaccesstothelp
andparportdevices.Inmostofthesecases,theownerofthedeviceisrootandthe
associatedgroupislp.ToallowtheVMwareusertoaccessthedevice,addtheuserto
theassociatedgroup.Toviewtheownerandgroupofthedevice,runthiscommand:
ls la /dev/parport0
Thethirdandfourthcolumnsoftheoutputshowtheownerandgroup,respectively.
Toaddtheusertothedevicegroup,editthe/etc/groupfile.Onthelinestartingwith
lp,whichdefinesthelpgroup,addtheWorkstationusersusername.Youmustmake
thischangeastherootuser.Thefollowinglineprovidesanexampleforauserwhose
usernameisuserj.
lp::7:daemon,lp,userj
Thenexttimetheuserlogsontothehost,thechangestakeeffect.
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Connectavirtualserialporttoaphysicalserialportonthehostcomputer.
Connectavirtualserialporttoafileonthehostcomputer.
Makeadirectconnectionbetweentwovirtualmachinesorbetweenavirtual
machineandanapplicationrunningonthehostcomputer.
Thissectionprovidesinstructionsforalltheseoptions.Youcanalsoselectwhetherto
connectthevirtualserialportwhenyoupoweronthevirtualmachine.
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizardandclickNext.
SelectSerialPortandclickNext.
OntheSerialPortTypepage,selecteitherUsephysicalserialportonthehostor
OutputtofileandclickNext.
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Dependingonwhetheryouwanttouseaphysicalserialportorafile,dooneofthe
following:
Foraphysicalserialport,ontheSelectaPhysicalSerialPortpage,choosethe
portonthehostcomputerthatyouwanttouseforthisserialconnection.
Forafile,ontheChooseSerialPortOutputFilepage,browsetothefileonthe
hostcomputerthatyouwanttousetostoretheoutputofthevirtualserial
port.
MakesuretheConnectatpoweroncheckboxisselectedifdesired.
ClickFinishtoreturntotheHardwaretabofthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
(Windowshostsonly)OntheHardwaretab,toconfigurethisserialporttouse
polledmode,selectYieldCPUonpoll.
Thisoptionisofinteresttodeveloperswhoareusingdebuggingtoolsthat
communicateoveraserialconnection.Formoreinformation,seeConfiguration
OptionsforAdvancedUsersonpage 340.
10
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
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ClickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizardandclickNext.
SelectSerialPortandclickNext.
OntheSerialPortTypepage,selectOutputtoNamedPipeandclickNext.
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DependingonwhetheryouareusingaLinuxhostoraWindowshost,dooneof
thefollowing:
ForaWindowshost:OntheSpecifyNamedPipepage,acceptthedefaultpipe
nameorenteranotherpipename.Thepipenamemustfollowtheform
\\.\pipe\<namedpipe>thatis,itmustbeginwith\\.\pipe\.
ForaLinuxhost:InthePathfield,enter/tmp/<socket>oranotherUNIX
socketnameofyourchoice.
SelectThisendistheserverorThisendistheclient.
SelectThisendistheserverifyouplantostartthisendoftheconnectionfirst.
SelectTheotherendisanapplication.
MakesuretheConnectatpoweroncheckboxisselectedifdesired.
10
ClickFinishtoreturntotheHardwaretabofthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
11 (Windowshostsonly)OntheHardwaretab,toconfigurethisserialporttouse
polledmode,selectYieldCPUonpoll.
Thisoptionisofinteresttodeveloperswhoareusingdebuggingtoolsthat
communicateoveraserialconnection.Formoreinformation,seeConfiguration
OptionsforAdvancedUsersonpage 340.
12
Onyourhostcomputer,configuretheapplicationthatcommunicateswiththe
virtualmachinetousethesamepipename(foraWindowshost)orthesameUNIX
socketname(foraLinuxhost).
13
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
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StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizardandclickNext.
SelectSerialPortandclickNext.
OntheSerialPortTypepage,selectOutputtoNamedPipeandclickNext.
DependingonwhetheryouareusingaLinuxhostoraWindowshost,dooneof
thefollowing:
ForaWindowshost:OntheSpecifyNamedPipepage,acceptthedefaultpipe
nameorenteranotherpipename.Thepipenamemustfollowtheform
\\.\pipe\<namedpipe>thatis,itmustbeginwith\\.\pipe\.
ForaLinuxhost:InthePathfield,enter/tmp/<socket>oranotherUNIX
socketnameofyourchoice.
SelectThisendistheserver.
SelectTheotherendisavirtualmachine.
MakesuretheConnectatpoweroncheckboxisselectedifdesired.
10
ClickFinishtoreturntotheHardwaretabofthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
11 (Windowshostsonly)OntheHardwaretab,toconfigurethisserialporttouse
polledmode,selectYieldCPUonpoll.
Thisoptionisofinteresttodeveloperswhoareusingdebuggingtoolsthat
communicateoveraserialconnection.Formoreinformation,seeConfiguration
OptionsforAdvancedUsersonpage 340.
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Poweronthevirtualmachine.
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StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizardandclickNext.
SelectSerialPortandclickNext.
OntheSerialPortTypepage,selectOutputtoNamedPipeandclickNext.
DependingonwhetheryouareusingaLinuxhostoraWindowshost,dooneof
thefollowing:
ForaWindowshost:OntheSpecifyNamedPipepage,acceptthedefaultpipe
nameorenteranotherpipename.Thepipenamemustfollowtheform
\\.\pipe\<namedpipe>thatis,itmustbeginwith\\.\pipe\.
ForaLinuxhost:InthePathfield,enter/tmp/<socket>oranotherUNIX
socketnameofyourchoice.Thepipenamemustbethesameonbothserver
andclient.
SelectThisendistheclient.
SelectTheotherendisavirtualmachine.
MakesuretheConnectatpoweroncheckboxisselectedifdesired.
10
ClickFinishtoreturntotheHardwaretabofthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
11
(Windowshostsonly)OntheHardwaretab,toconfigurethisserialporttouse
polledmode,selectYieldCPUonpoll.
Thisoptionisofinteresttodeveloperswhoareusingdebuggingtoolsthat
communicateoveraserialconnection.Formoreinformation,seeConfiguration
OptionsforAdvancedUsersonpage 340.
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Poweronthevirtualmachine.
339
YieldingCPUonPolltoImprovePerformanceWhenDebugging(WindowsHosts
Only)onpage 340
ChangingtheInputSpeedoftheSerialConnectiononpage 340
Theseoptionsareofinterestprimarilytodeveloperswhoareusingdebuggingtools
thatcommunicateoveraserialconnection.
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredofforpoweredon.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
OntheHardwaretab,selectSerialPort.
(Windowshostsonly)IntheI/Omodesection,selectYieldCPUonpollandclick
OK.
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Usetheguestoperatingsystemtoconfiguretheserialportforthehighestsetting
supportedbytheapplicationyouarerunninginthevirtualmachine.
PoweroffthevirtualmachineandclosetheWorkstationwindow.
Useatexteditortoaddthefollowinglinetoyourvirtualmachinesconfiguration
(.vmx)file:
serial<n>.pipe.charTimePercent = "<x>"
<n>isthenumberoftheserialport,startingfrom0.Sothefirstserialportis
serial0.
<x>isapositiveintegerthatspecifiesthetimetakentotransmitacharacter,
expressedasapercentageofthedefaultspeedsetfortheserialportintheguest
operatingsystem.Forexample,asettingof200forcestheporttotaketwiceaslong
percharacter,orsenddataathalfthedefaultspeed.Asettingof50forcestheport
totakeonlyhalfaslongpercharacter,orsenddataattwicethedefaultspeed.
Assumingthattheserialportspeedissetappropriatelyintheguestoperating
system,experimentwiththissetting.Startwithavalueof100andgradually
decreaseituntilyoufindthehighestspeedatwhichyourconnectionworks
reliably.
WiththedebuggingapplicationontheWorkstationhost(Windowshostsonly)
Withthedebuggingapplicationinanothervirtualmachineonthesame
Workstationhost(usefulonaLinuxhostandcanalsobedoneonaWindowshost)
Usingeitherofthesemethodsletsyoudebugkernelcodeononesystem,withoutthe
needfortwophysicalcomputers,amodem,oraserialcable.
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Preparethetargetvirtualmachine,asdescribedinConnectinganApplicationon
theHosttoaVirtualMachineonpage 336.
Makesureyouconfigurethevirtualmachinesvirtualserialportasfollows:
SelectThisendistheserver.
UnderI/OMode,selecttheYieldCPUonpollcheckbox,becausethekernel
inthetargetvirtualmachineusesthevirtualserialportinpolledmode,not
interruptmode.
Preparethehost:MakesureyouhavearecentversionofDebuggingToolsfor
Windowsonethatsupportsdebuggingoverapipe.
Youneedversion5.0.18.0orhigher.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
Makesuretheserialportisconnected,asfollows:FromtheWorkstationmenubar,
chooseVM>RemovableDevices.
Onthatmenu,Serial<n>shouldbereportedas\\.\pipe\<namedpipe>(on
Windowshosts)or/tmp/<socket>(onLinuxhosts).Iftheserialportisnot
connected,choosethevirtualserialportandclickConnect.
Onthehost,openacommandpromptwindowanddooneofthefollowing:
IfyouareusingWinDbg,typethefollowing:
windbg -k com:port=\\.\pipe\<namedpipe>,pipe
IfyouareusingKD,typethefollowing:
kd -k com:port=\\.\pipe\<namedpipe>,pipe
PressEntertostartdebugging.
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Preparethetargetvirtualmachine:Usetheappropriateplatformspecific
procedurefortheservervirtualmachinedescribedinConnectingTwoVirtual
Machinesonpage 337.
OnWindowshosts,makesurewhenyouconfigurethetargetvirtualmachines
virtualserialportthatyouselecttheYieldCPUonpollcheckbox,becausethe
kernelinthetargetvirtualmachineusesthevirtualserialportinpolledmode,not
interruptmode.
Forthedebuggervirtualmachine,makesureyouhavedownloadedDebugging
ToolsforWindows.
FollowthestepsfortheclientvirtualmachineinConnectingTwoVirtual
Machinesonpage 337.
Poweronbothvirtualmachines.
Makesuretheserialportisconnected:ChoosechooseVM>RemovableDevices.
Iftheserialportisnotconnected,choosethevirtualserialportandclickConnect.
Inthedebuggervirtualmachine,startdebuggingwithWinDbgorKDnormally.
EnhancedVirtualKeyboardforWindowsHostsonpage 343
HotKeysonpage 344
SpecifyingaLanguageKeymapforVNCClientsonpage 345
KeyboardMappingonaLinuxHostonpage 346
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StartWorkstationontheWindowshostandselectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectGeneral.
Toenableordisablethesetting,usethecheckboxcalledUseenhancedvirtual
keyboardandclickOK.
IfyouhavejustinstalledWorkstationorupgradedtoWorkstation6,youmight
needtorestartthehostcomputerbeforeturningonthissetting.
Hot Keys
Hotkeysletyouspecifythekeycombinationthatisusedwithhotkeysequencesforall
yourvirtualmachines.Forexample,youcanrequirethatallhotkeysequencesuse
Ctrl+Shift+Alt.Thisisusefulifyouwanttopreventcertainkeycombinations(suchas
Ctrl+Alt+Del)frombeinginterceptedbyWorkstationinsteadofbeingsenttotheguest
operatingsystem.
Usehotkeysequencesto:
Switchbetweenvirtualmachines
Enterandleavefullscreenmode
Ungrabinput
SendCtrl+Alt+Deltothevirtualmachineonly(nottothehostmachine)
Sendcommandstothevirtualmachineonly(nottothehostmachine)
BecauseCtrl+AlttellsWorkstationtorelease(ungrab)mouseandkeyboardinput,
combinationsthatincludeCtrl+Altarenotpassedtotheguestoperatingsystem.Ifyou
needtousesuchacombinationforexample,useCtrl+Alt+<Fkey>toswitchbetween
LinuxworkspacesinavirtualmachinepressCtrl+Alt+Space,releaseSpacewithout
releasingCtrlandAlt,andpressthethirdkeyofthekeycombinationyouwanttosend
totheguest.
UseWorkstationspreferenceseditortospecifywhichhotsequencesyouwanttouse.
Fromthemenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences>HotKeys.
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SetthevirtualmachinetoactasaVNCserver,asdescribedinUsingaVNCClient
forRemoteConnectionstoaVirtualMachineonpage 184.
Useatexteditortoopentheconfigurationfile(.vmxfile)forthevirtualmachine
andaddthefollowinglines:
RemoteDisplay.vnc.keyMap = "<xx>"
where<xx>isthecodeforthelanguageyouwanttouse,suchasjpfor
Japanese.Thissettingtellsthevirtualmachinewhichkeyboardmapfileto
use.ItassumesthatthekeyboardmapfilesarelocatedintheWorkstation
installationdirectory:/usr/lib/vmware/vnckeymaponLinuxandin
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application
Data\VMware\vnckeymaponWindows.Followingisalistoflanguagecodes:
de:German
de-ch:German(Switzerland)
es:Spanish
fi:Finnish
fr:French
fr-be:French(Belgium)
fr-ch:French(Switzerland)
is:Icelandic
it:Italian
jp:Japanses
nl-be:Dutch(Belgium)
no:Norwegian
pt:Polish
uk:UKEnglish
us:USEnglish
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Ifthekeyboardmapfileyouwanttouseisinsomeotherlocation,youcanset
thepropertyRemoteDisplay.vnc.keyMapFileinsteadof
RemoteDisplay.vnc.keyMap.SetRemoteDisplay.vnc.keyMapFiletoan
absolutefilepath.
RemoteDisplay.vnc.enabled = "TRUE"
StartthevirtualmachineandconnecttoitfromaVNCclient.
SomelanguagespecifickeyboardsdonotappeartobesupportedbyWorkstation.
Someofthekeysonthekeyboarddontworkcorrectlyinthevirtualmachine.
Thekeyboardworksfinewhenyourunavirtualmachinelocally,butnotwhen
yourunthesamevirtualmachinewitharemoteXserver.
IfyourkeyboardworkscorrectlywithalocalXserver,andyoujustwantthesame
behaviorwitharemoteXserver(whichisalsoanXFree86serverrunningonaPC),first,
poweroffthevirtualmachineandclosetheVMwareWorkstationwindow.Addthe
followinglinetothevirtualmachineconfigurationfileorto~/.vmware/config:
xkeymap.usekeycodeMapIfXFree86 = "TRUE"
Makethischangeonthehostmachine,whereyourunthevirtualmachine,notonthe
machinewiththeremoteXserver.
IfyouareusinganXFree86basedserverthatWorkstationdoesnotrecognizeasan
XFree86server,usethislineinstead:
xkeymap.usekeycodeMap = "TRUE"
IfyouareusinganXFree86serverrunninglocally,andthekeyboarddoesnotwork
correctly,reporttheproblemtoVMwaretechnicalsupport.
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keyboard.Mostkeyshaveonebytescancodes,butsomekeyshavetwobytescan
codeswithprefix0xe0.
Internally,WorkstationusesasimplifiedversionofthePCscancodethatisasingle
ninebitnumericvalue,calledavscancode.Avscancodeiswrittenasathreedigit
hexadecimalnumber.Thefirstdigitis0or1.Forexample,thelefthandCtrlkeyhasa
onebytescancode(0x1d);itsvscancodeis0x01d.TherighthandCtrlkeyscancode
istwobytes(0xe0,0x1d);itsvscancodeis0x11d.
AnXserverusesatwolevelencodingofkeys.AnXkeycodeisaonebytevalue.The
assignmentofkeycodestokeysdependsontheXserverimplementationandthe
physicalkeyboard.Asaresult,anXapplicationnormallycannotusekeycodesdirectly.
Instead,thekeycodesaremappedintokeysymsthathavenameslikespace,escape,x
and2.ThemappingcanbecontrolledbyanXapplicationbyusingthefunction
XChangeKeyboardMapping()orbytheprogramxmodmap.Toexplorekeyboard
mappings,youcanusexev,whichshowsthekeycodesandkeysymsforkeystyped
intoitswindow.
Akeycodecorrespondsroughlytoaphysicalkey,whileakeysymcorrespondstothe
symbolonthekeytop.Forexample,withanXFree86serverrunningonaPC,theZkey
ontheGermankeyboardhasthesamekeycodeastheYkeyonanEnglishkeyboard.
TheGermanZkeysym,however,isthesameastheEnglishZkeysym,anddifferent
fromtheEnglishYkeysym.
ForanXFree86serveronaPC,thereisaonetoonemappingfromXkeycodestoPC
scancodes(orvscancodes,whichiswhatWorkstationreallyuses).Workstationtakes
advantageofthisfact.WhenitisusinganXFree86serveronthelocalhost,itusesthe
builtinmappingfromXkeycodestovscancodes.Thismappingiskeyboard
independentandshouldbecorrectformost,ifnotall,languages.Inothercases(notan
XFree86serverornotalocalserver),Workstationmustmapkeysymstovscancodes
byusingasetofkeyboardspecifictables.
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addconfigurationsettingstothevirtualmachinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.Following
aresomeconfigurationsettingsyoumightwanttouse:
xkeymap.usekeycodeMapIfXFree86 = "TRUE"
UsekeycodemappingifyouareusinganXFree86server,evenifitisremote.
xkeymap.usekeycodeMap = "TRUE"
Alwaysusekeycodemappingregardlessofservertype.
xkeymap.nokeycodeMap = "TRUE"
Neverusekeycodemapping.
TheeasiestwaytofindtheXkeycodeforakeyistorunxevorxmodmap -pk.Mostof
thevscancodesarecoveredinVScanCodeTableonpage 349.Thekeysym
mappingtablesdescribedinthissectionarealsohelpful.
Usethisfeaturetomakesmallmodificationstothemapping.Forexample,toswapleft
CtrlandCapsLock,usethefollowinglines:
xkeymap.keycode.64 = "0x01d # X Caps_Lock -> VM left ctrl"
xkeymap.keycode.37 = "0x03a # X Control_L -> VM caps lock"
TheseconfigurationlinescanbeaddedtoyourpersonalWorkstationconfiguration
(~/.vmware/config),oreventothehostwide(/etc/vmware/config)or
installationwide(usually/usr/lib/vmware/config)configuration.
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Lockusingxmodmap.Thismeansthekeysareswappedinthevirtualmachinewhen
usingaremoteserver(keysymmapping)butareunswappedwhenusingalocalserver
(keycodemapping).
Therefore,keysymmappingisnecessarilyimperfect.Tomakeupforthisdefect,you
canchangemostofthebehaviorbyusingconfigurationsettings:
xkeymap.language = "<keyboard-type>"
UsethissettingifWorkstationhasatableinxkeymapforyourkeyboardbutcant
detectit.<keyboard-type>mustbeoneofthetablesinthexkeymapdirectory.
(Seeaboveforlocation.)However,thefailuretodetectthekeyboardprobably
meansthetableisntcompletelycorrectforyou.
xkeymap.fileName = "<file-path>"
Usethekeysymmappingtablein<file-path>.Atableisasequenceof
configurationlinesofthefollowingform:
<sym> = "<v-scan code>"
where<sym>isanXkeysymname,and<v-scan code>isaCsyntaxhexadecimal
number(forexample,0x001).(Seetheexplanationofxkeymap.keysymabovefor
tipsonfindingthekeysymsandvscancodesforyourkeyboard.)
Compilingacompletekeysymmappingisdifficult.Itisbesttostartwithan
existingtableandmakesmallchanges.
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Shifted Symbol
Location
Esc
0x001
0x002
0x003
0x004
0x005
0x006
0x007
&
0x008
0x009
0x00a
0x00b
0x00c
0x00d
Backspace
0x00e
Tab
0x00f
0x010
0x011
0x012
0x013
0x014
0x015
0x016
0x017
0x018
0x019
0x01a
0x01b
Enter
Ctrl
350
V-Scan Code
0x01c
left
0x01d
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Table 15-1. V-Scan Codes for the 104-Key U.S. Keyboard (Continued)
Symbol
Shifted Symbol
Location
V-Scan Code
0x01e
0x01f
0x020
0x021
0x022
0x023
0x024
0x025
0x026
0x027
0x028
0x029
Shift
\
left
|
0x02a
0x02b
0x02c
0x02d
0x02e
0x02f
0x030
0x031
0x032
<
0x033
>
0x034
0x035
Shift
right
0x036
numericpad
0x037
Alt
left
0x038
Spacebar
0x039
CapsLock
0x03a
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Table 15-1. V-Scan Codes for the 104-Key U.S. Keyboard (Continued)
Symbol
Shifted Symbol
Location
F1
0x03b
F2
0x03c
F3
0x03d
F4
0x03e
F5
0x03f
F6
0x040
F7
0x041
F8
0x042
F9
0x043
F10
0x044
NumLock
numericpad
ScrollLock
0x045
0x046
Home
numericpad
0x047
Uparrow
numericpad
0x048
PgUp
numericpad
0x049
numericpad
0x04a
numericpad
0x04b
numericpad
0x04c
numericpad
0x04d
numericpad
0x04e
Leftarrow
5
Rightarrow
+
End
numericpad
0x04f
Downarrow
numericpad
0x050
PgDn
numericpad
0x051
Ins
numericpad
0x052
numericpad
0x053
Del
F11
0x057
F12
0x058
Break
Enter
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V-Scan Code
Pause
0x100
numericpad
0x11c
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Table 15-1. V-Scan Codes for the 104-Key U.S. Keyboard (Continued)
Symbol
Location
V-Scan Code
Ctrl
right
0x11d
numericpad
0x135
SysRq
Shifted Symbol
PrintScrn
0x137
Alt
right
0x138
Home
functionpad
0x147
Uparrow
functionpad
0x148
PageUp
functionpad
0x149
Leftarrow
functionpad
0x14b
Rightarrow
functionpad
0x14d
End
functionpad
0x14f
Downarrow
functionpad
0x150
PageDown
functionpad
0x151
Insert
functionpad
0x152
Delete
functionpad
0x153
Windows
left
0x15b
Windows
right
0x15c
Menu
0x15d
The84keykeyboardhasaSysReqkeyonthenumericpad.Itsvscancodeis0x054.
KeyboardsoutsidetheU.S.usuallyhaveanextrakey(often<>or<>|)nexttotheleft
shiftkey.Thevscancodeforthiskeyis0x056.
ForUSB1.1,aUHCIcontrollerwithavirtualhubenablesyoutoconnecttomore
thantwoUSB1.1devices.
ForUSB2.0,anEHCIcontrollerenablesyoutoconnecttouptosixUSB2.0devices.
ForUSB2.0support,yourhostmachinemustsupportUSB2.0,andyoumust
enableUSB2.0supportinWorkstation,asdescribedinthissection.
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USB2.0supportisavailableonlyforWorkstation6virtualmachines.
Onthehostsystem,whenaUSB2.0deviceconnectstoaport,thedeviceconnectsto
theEHCIcontrollerandoperatesinUSB2.0mode.AUSB1.1deviceisautomatically
connectedtoaUHCIcontrollerandoperatesinUSB1.1mode.InWorkstation6virtual
machines,thissamebehaviorissimulatedifyouselectthecheckboxcalledEnable
highspeedsupportforUSB2.0devicesontheVM>Settings>Hardware>USB
Controllertab.SelectthischeckboxtoconnecthighspeedorisochronousUSBdevices
suchaswebcams,speakers,andmicrophones.
AlthoughyourhostoperatingsystemmustsupportUSB,youdonotneedtoinstall
devicespecificdriversforyourUSBdevicesinthehostoperatingsystemtousethose
devicesonlyinthevirtualmachine.
NOTEWindowsNTandLinuxkernelsolderthan2.2.17donotsupportUSB.
OnWindowsXPguests,besuretoinstallthelatestservicepackifyouwanttouseUSB
2.0.IfyouuseWindowsXPwithnoservicepacks,thedriverfortheEHCIcontroller
cannotbeloaded.
OnaWindows2000hostcomputerwithUSB2.0support,usetheMicrosoftUSB2.0
driverfortheUSBcontroller.ThirdpartyUSB2.0drivers,suchasthoseprovidedby
somemotherboardmanufacturers,arenotsupported.Fornotesonreplacingthe
thirdpartydrivers,seeReplacingUSB2.0DriversonaWindows2000Hoston
page 356.
VMwarehastestedavarietyofUSBdeviceswiththisrelease.Iftheguestoperating
systemhasappropriatedrivers,youshouldbeabletousePDAs,printers,storage(disk)
devices,scanners,MP3players,digitalcameras,andmemorycardreaders.
Modemsandcertainstreamingdatadevices,suchasspeakersandwebcams,donot
workproperlyunlessyouenableUSB2.0support,asdescribedearlierinthissection.
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Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredon.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>RemovableDevices>USB Devices>
<DeviceName>.
Here<DeviceName>specifiestheUSBdevicethatispluggedintoyourhost
computer.Acheckmarkappearsnexttothedevicesname,indicatingthatitis
connected.
IfthephysicalUSBdevicesareconnectedtothehostcomputerthroughahub,the
virtualmachineseesonlytheUSBdevices,notthehub.
Ifyouphysicallypluganewdeviceintothehostcomputerandtheautoconnectfeature
doesnotconnectittoavirtualmachine,thismeansthedeviceisinsteadconnectedto
thehost.ItsnameisalsoaddedtotheVM>RemovableDevicesmenusoyoucan
connectittothevirtualmachinemanually.
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IfWorkstationisunabletoreconnecttothedevice(forexample,becausethedevicehas
beendisconnected),thedeviceisremoved,andamessageisdisplayed,indicatingthat
Workstationisunabletoconnecttothedevice.Youcanconnectmanuallytothedevice,
ifitisstillavailable.
OpentheDeviceManager,asfollows:
a
RightclickMyComputerandchooseProperties.
ClicktheHardwaretabandclickDeviceManager.
ExpandthelistingforUniversalSerialBuscontrollers.
RightclickthelistingforthecontrollerandchooseProperties.
ClicktheDrivertab.
IfthedriverprovidershownonthatpageisMicrosoft,youhavethecorrectdriver
already.
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IfthedriverproviderisnotMicrosoft,downloadthelatestUSBdriverforyourhost
operatingsystemfromtheMicrosoftWebsiteandfollowtheMicrosoftinstructionsto
installit.DetailsareavailableinMicrosoftknowledgebasearticle319973.
IfyouattachaUSBdrivetoaLinuxmachine,usetheabovementionedprocedureto
accessit.DonotattempttoaddaUSBdrivesdevicenode(forexample,/dev/sda)
directorytothevirtualmachineasaharddisk.Thatis,toaddaUSBdrive,usetheAdd
HardwarewizardtoaddaUSBController,notaharddisk.
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Undersomecircumstances,ifaUSBstoragedeviceisinuseonthehost(forexample,
oneormorefilesstoredonthedeviceareopenonthehost),anerrorappearsinthe
virtualmachinewhenyoutrytoconnecttothedevice.Youmustletthehostcomplete
itsoperationorcloseanyapplicationconnectedtothedeviceonthehost,andthen
connecttothedeviceinthevirtualmachineagain.
Disconnectandreconnectthedevice.
YoucaneitherunplugitphysicallyandplugitbackinorusetheVM>Removable
Devicesmenutodisconnectitandreconnectit.
Ifyouseeadialogboxwarningthatthedeviceisinuse,disableitinthehotplug
configurationfilesinthe/etc/hotplugdirectory.
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Thisisimportantwithdatastoragedevices(aZipdrive,forexample).Ifyoumovea
datastoragedevicetoosoonaftersavingafileandtheoperatingsystemhasnot
actuallywrittenthedatatothedisk,youcanlosedata.
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HaveyourWindowsNTinstallationCDavailable.
OpentheSCSIAdapterscontrolpanelbychoosing:
Start>Settings>ControlPanel>SCSIAdapters
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ClicktheDriverstabandclickAdd.
Inthelistofvendorsontheleft,selectBusLogic.
Inthelistofdriversontheright,selectBusLogicMultiMasterPCISCSIHost
AdaptersandclickOK.
InserttheWindowsNTCDwhenyouarepromptedandclickOK.
Rebootwhenyouareprompted.
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StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizardandclickNext.
SelectGenericSCSIDeviceandclickNext.
FromthedropdownlistofSCSIdevices,choosetheoneyouwanttouse.
Ifyoudonotseethedeviceyouwantinthelist,youmightneedtoadditmanually,
asdescribedinAddingaGenericSCSIDeviceNotDetectedbyWorkstation
(AdvancedUsers)onpage 362.
MakesuretheConnectatpoweroncheckboxisselectedifdesired.
ClickFinishtoreturntotheHardwaretabofthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
OntheHardwaretab,intheVirtualdevicenodesection,selecttheSCSIdevice
identifiertouseforthedrive.Forexample,ifyouselectSCSI0:2,theguest
operatingsystemseesthedriveasID2oncontroller0.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
NOTEToremovethisdevice,launchthevirtualmachinesettingseditor,selectthe
genericSCSIdeviceandclickRemove.
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Adriverforthatdeviceisnotinstalledonthehost.
Adriveronthehostpreventsthedevicefrombeingdetected.
Thevirtualmachineusesadeviceforwhichtherearenodriversavailabletothe
hostoperatingsystem.
Addingadeviceinthismannerisrecommendedforadvancedusersonly.Beforeyou
attempttheproceduredescribedinthissection,verifywhetherthedevicedriveris
installedonthehost.Ifthedriverisnotinstalled,installitandseeifthedeviceappears
correctlytoWorkstation.Ifitdoesnotappearcorrectly,orifyoucannotordonotwant
toinstallthedriveronthehost,addthedevicemanuallytothevirtualmachine,as
describedintheprocedurethatfollows.
Whenaddingadevicemanuallytothevirtualmachine,usescsiX:Ynotationtorefer
tothedeviceonthehostinsteadofadevicenameWorkstationusessuchasCdRom0.For
thistypeofnotation,XistheSCSIbusonwhichthedeviceislocatedonthehostandY
isthetargetIDthedeviceusesonthehost.
CAUTIONBeforeyouaddthedevice,youmustdisabletheoriginalSCSIdevicedriver
onthehost.SomeWindowsoperatingsystemsdonotprocessthesendcommandfrom
theadapterifthedevicedriverisowningthedevice.
Afewcircumstancesrequireyoutoaddorconfigurethedevicemanually.Followthe
directionsforthescenariothatmatchesyourcircumstance.Ineachcase,poweroffthe
virtualmachine,andopenthevirtualmachinesconfiguration(.vmx)fileinatexteditor
andmakethechangesdescribed.
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DefineX,Y,andZasfollows:
XistheSCSIbusthedeviceusesonthehostsystem.
YisthetargetIDthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachineandonthehost.Usethe
sametargetIDinthevirtualmachinethatthehostalreadyusesforthedeviceto
allowthedevicetoworkcorrectly.
ZistheSCSIbusthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachine.
Scenario 2: You Want to Use the Existing SCSI Device as a Generic SCSI
Inthiscase,thevirtualmachinehasaSCSIadapterandaSCSIdeviceandyouwantto
usethesamedeviceasagenericSCSIdevice.
ToconfigurethedeviceasagenericSCSIdevice,addthefollowinglinestothevirtual
machinesconfigurationfile:
scsiZ:Y.deviceType = "scsi-passthru"
scsiZ:Y.fileName = "scsiX:Y"
DefineX,Y,andZasfollows:
XistheSCSIbusthedeviceusesonthehostsystem.
YisthetargetIDthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachineandonthehost.Usethe
sametargetIDinthevirtualmachinethatthehostalreadyusesforthedeviceto
allowthedevicetoworkcorrectly.
ZistheSCSIbusthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachine.
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Changethelineto:
scsiZ:Y.fileName = "scsiX:Y"
DefineX,Y,andZasfollows:
XistheSCSIbusthedeviceusesonthehostsystem.
YisthetargetIDthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachineandonthehost.Usethe
sametargetIDinthevirtualmachinethatthehostalreadyusesforthedeviceto
allowthedevicetoworkcorrectly.
ZistheSCSIbusthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachine.
Forexample,iftheproblematicdeviceisaCDROMdrive,theentryinthe
configurationfilemightbe:
scsi0:4.fileName = "CdRom0"
Ifthedeviceonthehostislocatedonbus2withtargetID4,changethislineto:
scsi0:4.fileName = "scsi2:4"
ThetargetIDthedeviceusesinthevirtualmachinemustbethesameasthetargetID
thedeviceusesonthehostsystem.
NOTETheSCSIbusisassignedanumberbythehostoperatingsystemafterallIDE
buseshavebeenassignednumbers.Forexample,ifyouhavetwoIDEbuses,theyare
numbered0and1.ThefirstSCSIbusisassignedbusnumber2.Intheexampleabove,
youuse2forX.
IfyoucannotdeterminetheSCSIbusnumber,tryusingathirdpartytoollikewinobj
(whichyoucandownloadforfreefromwww.sysinternals.com)todeterminethis
information.
ThedevicetargetIDisusuallysetbysomejumpersorswitchesonthedevice.Referto
theownersmanualforthedeviceforinformationonhowtodeterminethetargetID.
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Device Support
Intheory,genericSCSIiscompletelydeviceindependent,butVMwarehasdiscovered
itissensitivetotheguestoperatingsystem,deviceclass,andspecificSCSIhardware.
TryanySCSIhardwareandreportproblemstoVMwaretechnicalsupport.
NOTEIfyouusegenericSCSIdevicesinaWindows95,98,orMeguestoperating
systemandareexperiencingproblemswiththedevices,downloadthelatestMylex
(BusLogic)BT/KT958compatiblehostbusadapterfromwww.lsilogic.com.Thisdriver
overrideswhatWindowschoosesasthebestdriver,butitcorrectsknownproblems.
TouseSCSIdevicesina32bitWindowsXPvirtualmachine,youneedaspecialSCSI
driveravailablefromthedownloadsectionoftheVMwareWebsiteat
www.vmware.com/download.
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClickAddtostarttheAddHardwarewizardandclickNext.
SelectGenericSCSIDeviceandclickNext.
OntheChooseSCSIDevicepage,fromthedropdownlistofSCSIdevicesthatare
availablefromthehost,choosetheoneyouwanttouse.
MakesuretheConnectatpoweroncheckboxisselectedifdesired.
ClickFinishtoreturntotheHardwaretabofthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
OntheHardwaretab,intheVirtualdevicenodesection,selectwhichSCSIdevice
identifiertouseforthedrive.Forexample,ifyouselectSCSI0:2,theguest
operatingsystemseesthedriveasID2oncontroller0.
Poweronthevirtualmachine.
NOTEToremovethisdevice,launchthevirtualmachinesettingseditor,selectthe
genericSCSIdeviceandclickRemove.
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AmultiprocessorhostwithtwoormorephysicalCPUs
AsingleprocessorhostwithamulticoreCPU
Asingleprocessorhostwithhyperthreadingenabled
NOTEOnhyperthreadeduniprocessorhosts,performanceofvirtualmachineswith
VirtualSMPmightbesubpar.
GuestswithmorethantwovirtualprocessorsarenotsupportedinWorkstation.
However,youcanpoweronandrunmultipledualprocessorvirtualmachines
concurrently.
Thenumberofvirtualprocessorsforagivenvirtualmachineisdisplayedinthe
summaryviewofthevirtualmachine.Youcansetthenumberofprocessorsforthe
virtualmachineineithertheNewVirtualMachinewizardorthevirtualmachine
settingseditor:
Inthevirtualmachinesettingseditor:FromtheWorkstationmenubar,choose
VM>Settings,andontheHardwaretab,selectProcessorsandspecifythenumber.
IntheNewVirtualMachinewizard:Choosetocreateacustomconfiguration,and
whenyoucometotheProcessorConfigurationpage,specifythenumber.
Ifthehostisauniprocessormachineandisnothyperthreaded,assigningtwo
processorsisneithersupportednorrecommended:awarningmessagewillappear.You
candisregardthismessageandassigntwoprocessorstothevirtualmachine,butafter
youfinishcreatingthevirtualmachine,youwillnotbeabletopoweritonunlessyou
moveittoahostmachinewithatleasttwologicalprocessors.
VirtualmachineswithSMParesupportedonlyforWorkstationversions5.5andhigher.
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Performance Tuning
16
ThischapterofferssuggestionsforgettingthebestperformancefromVMware
Workstationandyourvirtualmachines.Thischaptercontainsthefollowingtopics:
ConfiguringandMaintainingtheHostComputeronpage 369
ConfiguringVMwareWorkstationandVirtualMachinesonpage 372
ConfiguringGuestOperatingSystemsonpage 381
UsingtheMicrosoftPerformanceConsoletoMonitorVirtualMachine
Performanceonpage 388
CPU
Avoidovercommittingthehostprocessors.Theperformanceofvirtualmachines
dependsonthecapacityofthehostmachinesprocessororprocessors,andmight
degradesignificantlyifyouovercommittheprocessorsbyrunningtoomanyvirtual
machinesatthesametime.
Memory
Althoughtheminimumrequiredamountofmemoryis512MB,VMwarerecommends
atleast2GBofmemoryforbestperformance.Youmusthaveenoughmemorytorun
thehostoperatingsystem,plusthememoryrequiredforeachguestoperatingsystem
andforapplicationsonthehostandguest.
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Upgradetoa2.4.xserieskernelthatallowsformorephysicalmemory.
Recompileyourkernelasa2GBkernelbyusingtheCONFIG_2GBoption.
EnabletheCONFIG_BIGMEMoptiontomapmorephysicalmemory,asdescribed
laterinthissection.
CONFIG_2GB Option
TheCONFIG_2GBoptioncallsforrecompilingyourkernelasa2GBkernel.Recompile
yourkernelwithCONFIG_2GBenabled.ThisallowsLinuxtosupportnearly2GBof
physicalmemorybydividingtheaddressspaceintoa2GBusersectionanda2GB
kernelsection(asopposedtothenormaldivisionof3GBforuserand1GBforkernel).
CONFIG_BIGMEM Option
WiththeCONFIG_BIGMEMoptionenabled,thekerneldoesnotdirectlyaddressallof
physicalmemory,anditcanthenmap1GB(or2GB)ofphysicalmemoryintothe
addressspaceatatime.Thisallowstheuseofallofphysicalmemoryatthecostof
changingthesemanticsthekernelusestomapvirtualtophysicaladdresses.However,
VMwareproductsexpectphysicalmemorytobemappeddirectlyinthekernels
addressspaceandthusdonotnormallyworkproperlywiththeCONFIG_BIGMEM
optionenabled.
Ifyouareusinga1GBkernelwithCONFIG_BIGMEMenabledandhave960MBto
1983MBofmemory,Workstationdoesnotrun.Toworkaroundthisissue,youcan
either:
Recompilethekernelasa2GBkernelbyenablingtheCONFIG_2GBoption.This
allowsfor100percentuseofphysicalmemory.
Passtheboottimeswitchmem=959MattheLILOprompt,oraddittolilo.conf,
todisableCONFIG_BIGMEMandthusallowyoutorunWorkstation.Todothis,
tryoneofthefollowing:
AttheLILOprompt,typelinux-2.2.16xxx mem=959M.
Editlilo.conf.Inthekernelsection,addthisline:
append mem="959M"
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Ifyouhavea1GBkernelwithCONFIG_BIGMEMenabledandhavemorethan1983MB
ofmemory,youcandooneofthefollowing:
Recompilethekernelasa2GBkernelbyenablingtheCONFIG_2GBoptionand
eitherpasstheboottimeswitchmem=1983MattheLILOpromptoradditto
lilo.conf.Tousetheswitch,dooneofthefollowing:
AttheLILOprompt,typelinux-2.2.16xxx mem=1983M.
Editlilo.conf.Inthekernelsection,addthisline:
append mem="1983M"
Passtheboottimeswitchmem=959MattheLILOpromptoraddittolilo.confto
disableCONFIG_BIGMEM.Tousetheswitch,dooneofthefollowing:
AttheLILOprompt,typelinux-2.2.16xxx mem=959M.
Editlilo.conf.Inthekernelsection,addthisline:
append mem="959M"
Ifyouareusinga2GBkernelwithCONFIG_BIGMEMenabledandhave1984MBor
morememory,Workstationdoesnotrun.Youcaneitherpasstheboottimeswitch
mem=1983MattheLILOprompt,oraddittolilo.conftodisableCONFIG_BIGMEM
andthusallowyoutorunWorkstation.Tousetheswitch,dooneofthefollowing:
AttheLILOprompt,typelinux-2.2.16xxx mem=1983M.
Editlilo.conf.Inthekernelsection,addthisline:
append mem="1983M"
Disks
Forbestperformance,avoidthesituationofverylowfreespaceonthehostdisk.
PerformancecandegradeconsiderablywhenWorkstationhastouseanearlyfullhost
harddisktodovariousvirtualdiskoperationssuchasgrowtheguestsparsedisk,take
asnapshot,orappendtoredofiles.
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OnthehostcomputersdesktopopenMyComputer.
RightclicktheharddiskandchoosePropertiesfromthemenuthatappears.
OntheHardwaretab,selecttheharddriveandclickthePropertiesbutton.
OnthePoliciestab,selectEnablewritecachingonthedisk,and,optionally,select
Optimizeforperformance.
ClickOK.
WARNINGPoweroutageorequipmentfailurecanresultindatalossorcorruptionwith
thisoptionenabled.
Networking
Ifyoursystemhasmultiplephysicalnetworkinterfacecards(NICs),eitherbuiltinor
inPCIslots,tomakesurethatyouareusingtheintendedNIC,trydisablingtheother
NICs.
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CPU
Thissectionincludesthefollowingtopics:
DisconnectingtheCDROMonpage 373
ConfiguringProcessSchedulingonWindowsHostsonpage 373
Selectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbepoweredonoroff.
ChooseVM>Settings>Hardware>DVD/CDROM.
IntheCDROMsettingspanel,deselecttheConnectatpoweroncheckboxand
clickOK.
YoucanalsousetheVM>RemovableDevicesmenutodisconnectyourCDROMdrive
ifyoudonotneedtouseit.
Onaglobalbasis,forallvirtualmachines.UsetheWorkstationpreferenceeditor,
asfollows:FromtheWorkstationmenubar,choosetheEdit>Preferencesandclick
thePrioritytab.
Onapervirtualmachinebasis,forvirtualmachinesonwhichyouwantto
overridethedefaultglobalsetting.Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditor,as
follows:Selectthevirtualmachine,andfromtheWorkstationmenubar,choose
VM>Settings.OntheOptionstab,selectAdvanced.
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Thesemenuitemsallowyoutospecifyeitherhighornormalprioritywhenthemouse
andkeyboardaregrabbedbythevirtualmachineandeithernormalorlowpriority
whentheyarenotgrabbed.Bydefault,thepriorityforvirtualmachineprocessingisset
toNormalforbothinputgrabbedandinputungrabbed.
Ifyouhavemanybackgroundprocessesorapplicationsandyoudonotcarewhether
theyrunwithfairlylowrelativeprioritywhileWorkstationisintheforeground,set
InputgrabbedtoHigh,andsetInputungrabbedtoNormal.Youshouldseea
noticeableperformanceboostwhenusingonevirtualmachinewhileanothervirtual
machineisrunningorwhilesomeotherprocessorintensivetask(acompile,for
example)isrunninginthebackground.
Conversely,ifyourhostmachinerunstoosluggishlywhenavirtualmachineisrunning
inthebackground,youcandirectthevirtualmachinetodropitsprioritywhenitdoes
nothavecontrolofthemouseandkeyboard.SetInputgrabbedtoNormal,andset
InputungrabbedtoLow.
Memory
VMwareWorkstationallowsyoutoadjustthefollowingmemoryrelatedsettings:
Memorysizeofaparticularvirtualmachine.
AmountofthehostcomputersRAMthatcanbeusedforallvirtualmachines
combined.
Extenttowhichyouwanttoallowthehostoperatingsystemsmemorymanager
toswapvirtualmachinesoutofphysicalRAM.
Byadjustingthesethreesettings,youcanaffectbothvirtualmachineandoverall
systemperformance.
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Inthevirtualmachinesettingseditor:FromtheWorkstationmenubar,choose
VM>Settings,andontheHardwaretab,selectMemoryandspecifythenumber.
IntheNewVirtualMachinewizard:Choosetocreateacustomconfiguration,and
whenyoucometotheMemoryfortheVirtualMachinepage,specifythenumber.
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ThetypicalconfigurationusedbytheNewVirtualMachinewizardsetsreasonable
defaultsforthememory,basedonthetypeoftheguestoperatingsystemandthe
amountofmemoryinthehostcomputer.Thisvaluealsoappearsinthevirtualmachine
settingseditorastherecommendedmemoryvalue.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoralsoshowsavalueforthemaximumamountof
memoryforbestperformance.Ifyouhaveonlyonevirtualmachinerunningonthe
hostandyousetvirtualmachinememorytothisvalue,thevirtualmachinecanrun
entirelyinRAM.AvirtualmachinerunningcompletelyinRAMperformsbetterthan
avirtualmachinethatmustswapsomeofitsmemorytodisk.
Theactualmemorysizeyoushouldgivetoavirtualmachinedependsonafew
considerations:
Thekindsofapplicationsthatwillruninthevirtualmachine.
Othervirtualmachinesthatwillcontendwiththisvirtualmachineformemory
resources.
Applicationsthatwillrunonthehostatthesametimeasthevirtualmachine.
NOTEYoucannotallocatemorethan2GBofmemorytoavirtualmachinewhenthe
virtualmachinesfilesarestoredonahostfilesystemthatdoesnotsupportfilesgreater
than2GB.Forexample,thisrestrictionappliestoFATfilesystems.
Asofversion6.0ofWorkstation,thetotalamountofmemoryyoucanassigntoall
virtualmachinesrunningonasinglehostisunlimited.Themaximumamountof
memorypervirtualmachineis8GB.
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properlywhilevirtualmachinesarerunning.Theamountofmemoryreservedforthe
hostdependsonthehostoperatingsystemandthesizeofthehostcomputersmemory.
FitallvirtualmachinememoryintoreservedhostRAMStrictlyapplythe
reservedmemorylimitsetinthetopofthepanel.Thissettingimposesthetightest
restrictionsonthenumberandmemorysizeofvirtualmachinesthatcanrunata
giventime.BecausethevirtualmachinesarerunningentirelyinRAM,theyhave
thebestpossibleperformance.
AllowsomevirtualmachinememorytobeswappedAllowthehostoperating
systemtoswapamoderateamountofvirtualmachinememorytodiskifnecessary.
Thissettingallowsyoutoincreasethenumberormemorysizeofvirtualmachines
thatcanrunonthehostcomputeratagiventime.Unfortunately,itmightalso
resultinreducedperformanceifvirtualmachinememorymustbeshiftedbetween
RAManddisk.
AllowmostvirtualmachinememorytobeswappedThisoptioncanresultin
lowerperformancethantheotheroptions.Itallowsthehostoperatingsystemto
swapasmuchvirtualmachinememorytodiskasitwants.Thissettingallowsyou
torunevenmorevirtualmachineswithevenmorememorythantheintermediate
settingdoes.
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Disks
Thissectionincludesthefollowingtopics:
AvoidingRemoteDiskAccessonpage 377
UsingSCSIDisksRatherThanIDEDisksonpage 378
RemovingSnapshotsonpage 378
UsingPersistentModeonpage 378
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Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings>Options.
SelectGeneralandsettheworkingdirectorytoadirectoryonyourlocalharddisk.
Thentakeasnapshot.
Afteryoutakethesnapshot,changesyoumakearestoredlocallyintheworking
directory.
Removing Snapshots
Ifyoudonotusethesnapshotfeature,runyourvirtualmachinewithnosnapshot.This
providesbestperformance.Tobesureavirtualmachinehasnosnapshot,fromthe
Workstationmenubar,chooseVM>Snapshot>SnapshotManager.Ifyouseea
snapshotyoudonotwant,selectitandclicktheDeletebutton.
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Selectthevirtualmachine.
Makesurethevirtualmachineispoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
SelectHardDiskandclickAdvanced.
TheAdvanceddialogboxopens.
IntheModesection,selecttheIndependentcheckboxandselectPersistent.
ClickOKinboththeAdvanceddialogboxandthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
Networking
Ifyouplantooftencopylargefilesbetweenthehostandguest,youmightfindthat
usingbridgednetworkingresultsinbetterperformancethanusingNAT.Fora
discussionofthenetworkstrategies,seeNetworkBasicsonpage 274.
SelectingtheCorrectGuestOperatingSystemonpage 379
TurningOffDebuggingModeonpage 380
LoggingVirtualMachineProgressPeriodicallyonpage 381
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Ifthevirtualmachinesometimescrashesandyouwanttodeterminethecause,use
fulldebuggingmodesothatyoucansendthedebugginglogstoVMwaretechnical
support.
If,innormalmode,thevirtualmachinerunsextremelyslowlyundersome
workloads,andyouwanttodeterminethecause,usestatisticsmodesothatyou
cansendthestatisticsfiletoVMwaretechnicalsupport.
Afteryougeneratesomedebugginginformation,runthevm-supportscript,as
describedinReportingProblemsonpage 17,andsendtheoutputtoVMware
technicalsupport.
Whenthecauseandremedyforanissuehavebeenfound,returntonormalmode.
To set a debugging mode
1
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
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ClicktheOptionstab,andselectAdvanced.
IntheSettingssection,settheGatherdebugginginformationcontroltothe
desiredmodeandclickOK.
Thesemodesweredescribedatthebeginningofthissection.
Youdonotneedtorestartthevirtualmachineforthenewdebuggingleveltotake
effect.
StartWorkstationandselectthevirtualmachine.
Thevirtualmachinecanbeeitherpoweredonorpoweredoff.
ChooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
ClicktheOptionstab,andselectAdvanced.
IntheSettingssection,selectthecheckboxcalledLogvirtualmachineprogress
periodicallyandclickOK.
CPU
AvoidCDROMdrivepollingonoldersystems.Someoperatingsystems,including
WindowsNTandWindows98,polltheCDROMdriveeverysecondorsotosee
whetheradiskispresent.(Thisallowsthemtorunautorunprograms.)Thispollingcan
causeWorkstationtoconnecttothehostCDROMdrive,whichcanmakeitspinup
whilethevirtualmachineappearstopause.
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IfyouhaveaCDROMdrivethattakesanespeciallylongtimetospinup,eliminate
thesepausesbydisablingthepollinginsideyourguestoperatingsystem.Themethod
variesbyoperatingsystem.ForrecentMicrosoftWindowsoperatingsystems,the
easiestwayistouseTweakUIfromthePowerToysutilities.Forinformationonfinding
TweakUIandinstallingitinyourguestoperatingsystem,gotowww.microsoft.com
andsearchforTweakUI.
Disks
Thissectionincludesthefollowingtopics:
TurningonDMAModeforIDEDisksonpage 382
DefragmentingDiskDrivesonpage 384
TurningonDMAModeforWindows95/98GuestswithIDEDisksonpage 382
TurningonDMAModeforWindowsNTGuestswithIDEDisksonpage 383
Turning on DMA Mode for Windows 95/98 Guests with IDE Disks
Windows95OSR2andlater(includingWindows98)canusedirectmemoryaccess
(DMA)forfasteraccesstoIDEharddisks.However,thisfeaturemightnotbeenabled
bydefault.
YoucanturnonDMAaccessbyusingtheguestoperatingsystemsDeviceManager.
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Ontheguestoperatingsystemsdesktop,rightclickMyComputer,andchoose
Propertiesfromthemenu.
Clickthe+signbesideDiskDrivestoshowyourvirtualmachinesindividual
drives.
RightclicktheentryforeachIDEdrivetoopenitsPropertiesdialogbox.
UnderSettings,selecttheDMAcheckboxandacceptanywarningWindows
displays.
RestartWindowsforthenewsettingstotakeeffect.
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DefragmentbyusingaguestoperatingsystemutilityForexample,inavirtual
machinewithaWindowsXPguestoperatingsystem,usetheWindowsXPDisk
Defragmentertoolfromwithinthevirtualmachine.
Forthefollowingreasons,VMwarestronglyrecommendsthatyoudefragmentby
usingaguestoperatingsystemmechanismbeforetakingthefirstsnapshot(or
linkedclone):
Workstationmakesallitschangestotheredolog,nottotheoriginaldisk,
whenyourunadefragmentingprogramontheguestafterasnapshot.You
losetheabilitytodefragmentinsidetheoriginaldiskforever.
Everysectorthatmovesiscopiedtotheredolog,makingthevirtualmachine
redologextremelylargewhenthediskisheavilyfragmentedandyourun
defragmentationafterasnapshot.
DefragmentthevirtualdiskbyusingtheWorkstationdefragmentationtoolIf
thediskisagrowabledisk,notonewhosediskspacewaspreallocatedatthe
timewhenyoucreatedthevirtualmachine,alsouseWorkstationtodefragment
thevirtualdisk.Forinstructions,seeDefragmentingVirtualDisksonpage 201.
DefragmentthehostdisksUseadefragmentationutilityforthehostsoperating
system.Forexample,ifthehostsoperatingsystemisWindowsVista,usethe
WindowsVistaDiskDefragmentertool.
Performanceisweakenedbyfragmentationonthephysicaldiskthatholdsthe
virtualmachinesworkingdirectoryorvirtualdiskfiles.Fragmentationofthehost
diskcanaffectanyorallofthefollowing:
Virtualdiskfiles
Filesthatstorenewlysaveddatawhenyouhaveasnapshot
Filesthatholdinformationusedinsuspendingandresumingavirtual
machine
Ifyouareexperiencingslowdiskperformanceinthevirtualmachine,orifyou
wanttoimprovethespeedofsuspendandresumeoperations,findoutwhether
thehostdiskisfragmented.Ifitis,youcanimproveperformancebyrunninga
defragmentationutility.
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Thefragmentationoftheparentvirtualmachinediskwhenyoucreatedthe
snapshotorlinkedclone.
Thenatureofthesubsequentupdatestotheparentvirtualmachinedisk.
Theredofileitselfcanbecomedefragmentedwithrespecttothehostfilesystem.Ifyour
useofvirtualmachinesisstronglyperformanceoriented,youshouldavoid
defragmentingorusinglinkedclonesandsnapshots.
Networking
MakesureVMwareToolsisinstalled.VMwareToolsincludesmanydevicedriversthat
improveperformanceofgraphicsdisplays,mouseoperations,andnetworkoperations.
Forinstallationinstructions,seeInstallingandUpgradingVMwareToolson
page 115.
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OnWindows98:
a
Rightclickonthedesktopofyourvirtualmachine,andchooseProperties
fromthemenuthatappears.
ClicktheEffectstabanddeselecttheAnimatewindows,menus,andlists
checkbox.
IfyouhaveShowwindowcontentswhiledraggingselected,deselectthat
checkbox.
OnWindows2000:
a
Rightclicktheguestoperatingsystemdesktop,andchoose
Properties>Effects.
DeselectUsetransitioneffectsformenusandtooltips.
OnWindowsXPandWindowsServer2003:
a
Rightclicktheguestoperatingsystemdesktop,andchoose
Properties>Appearance>Effects.
DeselectUsetransitioneffectsformenusandtooltips.
OnWindowsVista:
a
UsetheControlPanelsPerformanceInformationandToolsitem(inClassic
view).
ClickthelinkcalledAdjustvisualeffects.
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NOTEUsethefollowingproceduretogetandenableaparavirtualizedkernel.
To use paravirtualized kernels
1
TogetaVMIenabledkernel,downloadtheCDimageofUbuntu7.04(Feisty)or
laterfrom:
http://www.ubuntu.com/getubuntu/download
Usethestandardimagefor32bitIntelx86computers.VMIiscurrently32bitonly.
UseWorkstationsNewVirtualMachinewizardtocreateaWorkstation6virtual
machinewiththeguestoperatingsystemtypeUbuntu.
Forstepbystepinstructions,seeUsingtheNewVirtualMachineWizardon
page 94.MakesurethehardwareversionisWorkstation6.
Afteryoufinishcreatingthevirtualmachine,enableparavirtualkernelsupport,as
follows:
a
FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseVM>Settings.
Thevirtualmachinesettingseditoropens.
OntheOptionstab,clickAdvanced,andintheSettingssection,selectthe
checkboxcalledEnableVMwareparavirtualkernelsupport.
Donotclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditoryet.
SetthevirtualmachinetousetheISOimageyoudownloadedinStep 1:
a
OntheHardwaretab,selectCDROM,andintheConnectionsection,select
UseISOimage.
BrowsetoandselecttheISOimageyoudownloadedinStep 1.
ClickOKtosaveyoursettingsandclosethevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
PoweronthevirtualmachineandinstalltheLinuxoperatingsystemfromtheISO
file.
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Readingandwritingtovirtualdisks
Memoryusedbythevirtualmachine
Virtualnetworktraffic
Youcantrackvirtualmachineperformanceonlywhenavirtualmachineisrunning.
Performancecountersreflectthestateofthevirtualmachine,nottheguestoperating
system.Forexample,thecounterscanrecordhowoftenavirtualmachinereadsfrom
avirtualdisk,buttheycannottrackhowmanyprocessesarerunninginsidetheguest
operatingsystem.AnexplanationofeachcounterappearsinthePerformanceconsole.
To add counters to track virtual machine performance
1
OpentheAdministrativeToolscontrolpanelanddoubleclickPerformance.
ThePerformanceconsoleopens.
Clicktheplus(+)signonthetoolbar.
TheAddCountersdialogboxappears.
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FromthePerformanceobjectlist,selectVMware.
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Specifywhethertoaddallcountersorselectspecificcountersfromthelist.
IfyouselectSelectcountersfromthelist,alsoclickAddtodisplaytheinformation
inthePerformanceconsole.
NOTEForabriefdescriptionofeachcounter,clickExplain.Whenyouselecta
counterfromthelist,adescriptionappearsbelowtheAddCountersdialogbox.
Specifywhethertoviewinformationforallvirtualmachinesorspecificones.
Forspecificvirtualmachines,selectSelectinstancesfromlist,andchoosethe
virtualmachinesyouwant.Thenamesshowninthelistcorrespondtothedisplay
namesofrunningvirtualmachines.
FormoreinformationaboutusingthePerformanceconsole,fromthePerformance
consolemenubar,chooseAction>Help,orgototheMicrosoftWebsite.
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17
Special-Purpose
Configuration Options for
Windows Hosts
17
Thischapterdescribeshowtouseconfigurationoptionsforsuchthingsasrestricting
theoperationsausercanperformwithavirtualmachineorsimplifyingtheuser
interfaceforinexperiencedusers.Inaclassroom,forexample,youcanensurethat
virtualmachineconfigurationsremainconsistentfromoneclasssessiontothenext.
Thischapterincludesthefollowingtopics:
LockingOutInterfaceFeatures(WindowsHostsOnly)onpage 391
RestrictingtheUserInterfaceonpage 392
UsingFullScreenSwitchMode(WindowsHostsOnly)onpage 395
GuestACPIS1Sleeponpage 405
Createnewvirtualmachines.
Editvirtualmachineconfigurations.
Editnetworksettings.
Ifnouserhassetadministrativelockoutpreferences,anyusercansetthemandseta
passwordforaccesstotheadministrativelockoutfeatures.Ifanyuserhasalreadyset
administrativelockoutpreferences,youmustknowthepasswordinordertochange
thesettings.
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FromtheWorkstationmenubar,chooseEdit>Preferences.
ClicktheLockouttabandifapasswordisalreadysetfortheadministrative
lockoutfeature,enterthepasswordwhenprompted.
SelecttheEnablecheckbox,andselecttheactionsyouwanttorestrict.
Ifthisisthefirsttimeadministrativelockoutoptionsarebeingset,specifya
passwordinthefieldsprovided.
ClickOKtosavethesettings.
Thetoolbarisalwayshidden.
AllfunctionsontheVM>Powermenuaredisabled.
AllfunctionsontheVM>Snapshotmenuandsnapshotfunctionsonthetoolbar
aredisabled.
Thereisnoaccesstothevirtualmachinesettingseditor(VM>Settings)fromthe
VMwareWorkstationwindow.
Theusercannotchangevirtualnetworkingsettings(Edit>VirtualNetwork
Settings).
Theuserstartsthevirtualmachinebydoubleclickingtheconfigurationfile(.vmx
file)oradesktopshortcuttothatfile.Thevirtualmachinepowersonautomatically.
Attheendoftheworkingsession,theusershutsdownbyclosingthevirtual
machine(File>Exit).
ItisalsopossibletolaunchWorkstationandopenarestrictedinterfacevirtual
machinefromthevirtualmachinelistortheFilemenu.
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Thechangesneededtoenabletherestricteduserinterfacemustbemadebyauserwith
sufficientprivilegestoeditthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfileandtosetfile
permissionsasdescribedinthefollowingprocedure.
To enable the restricted user interface
1
PoweroffthevirtualmachineandclosetheVMwareWorkstationwindow.
Openthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile(.vmxfile)inNotepadoranothertext
editor.
Addthefollowinglineanywhereinthefile:
gui.restricted = "TRUE"
Optionally,setfilepermissionsontheconfigurationfiletogivenormalusersofthe
systemonlyreadaccesstothefile,sotheycannotmanuallymodifythe
configuration.
Createashortcuttotheconfigurationfileonthedesktopandgiveitanappropriate
name.
NOTEAlthoughtherestricteduserinterfaceprovidesnoaccesstomenuandtoolbar
controlsforthesnapshot,youcangiveuserslimitedsnapshotcontrol.Ifyousetupa
snapshotfortherestrictedvirtualmachineandsetthepoweroffoptiontoAskMe,the
userseesthestandarddialogboxwhenshuttingdownavirtualmachineandhasthe
opportunitytochooseJustPowerOff,TakeSnapshot,orReverttoSnapshot.
Poweronthevirtualmachineandbesureitisinthestateyouwant.
Createasnapshot.
Forinstructions,seeTakingaSnapshotonpage 235.
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Configurethevirtualmachinetoreturntothesnapshotanytimeitispoweredoff:
ChooseVM>Settings>Options>SnapshotsandselectAfterPoweringOffand
ReverttoSnapshot.
Withthevirtualmachinepoweredoff,restricttheuserinterface,asfollows:
a
ClosetheVMwareWorkstationwindow.
Openthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile(.vmxfile)inNotepadoranother
texteditor.
Addthefollowinglineanywhereinthefile.
gui.restricted = "TRUE"
Optionally,setfilepermissionsontheconfigurationfiletogivenormalusersofthe
systemonlyreadaccesstothefile,sotheycannotmanuallymodifythe
configuration.
Createashortcuttotheconfigurationfileonthedesktopandgiveitanappropriate
name.
Usersrunthisvirtualmachinebydoubleclickingtheshortcuttotheconfigurationfile.
Itstartsatthesnapshot,withtheuserinterfacerestricted.Usersdonothaveatoolbar
oraccesstotheVM>Powermenuorthevirtualmachinesettingseditor.
UsersclosethevirtualmachinebychoosingFile>Close.Thevirtualmachinepowers
off,andthenexttimeauserpowersiton,itreturnstothesnapshot.
To remove the restriction on the interface
1
PoweroffthevirtualmachineandclosetheVMwareWorkstationwindow.
Opentheconfigurationfile(.vmx)fileanddooneofthefollowing:
Setgui.restricted = "FALSE".
Removeorcommentoutthegui.restricted = "TRUE"line.
Savethechangestotheconfigurationfileandcloseit.
Startthevirtualmachinebydoubleclickingtheshortcut.
Thevirtualmachinestartsatthesnapshot,andtheinterfaceisnotrestricted.
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CreatethenewvirtualmachinefollowingtheinstructionsinTocreateavirtual
machinebyusingthecustomsetuponpage 95.
AsyoucompletetheNewVirtualMachinewizard,makethefollowingchoices:
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InStep 3,IntheSelecttheAppropriateConfigurationpage,selectCustom
andclickNext.,onpage 96,selectCustomtoperformacustominstallation.
InStep 6,OntheNametheVirtualMachinepage,selectanameandfolder
forthevirtualmachineandclickNext.,onpage 96,makeanoteofthefolder
inwhichyoucreatethevirtualmachine.Youmustcopyallthefilesinthis
foldertotheuserscomputerafteryoufinishcreatingandconfiguringthe
virtualmachine.
InStep 14,OntheSpecifyDiskCapacitypage,enterthesizeofthevirtual
disk,specifythewayyouwantthediskspaceallocated,andclickNext.,on
page 97,specifythesizeforthevirtualdiskandselectAllocatealldiskspace
now.Thisselectionisstronglyrecommended.Ifyoudonotmakethis
selectionandthehostcomputersharddiskrunsoutofspaceforagrowing
virtualdiskfile,theuserseesnowarningmessageanddoesnotknowwhatis
causingtheprobleminthevirtualmachine.
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Toopenthevirtualmachinesettingseditor,selectthevirtualmachineandchoose
VM>Settings.
Usethevirtualmachinesettingseditortomakeallneededconfigurationsettings
beforeyouconfiguretheuserscomputertolaunchWorkstationwhenthe
computerstarts.
NOTEIfyouplantorunthevirtualmachineonalaptopcomputer,besuretoset
thevirtualmachinetoreportthebatterystatus,asdescribedinReportingBattery
InformationintheGuestOperatingSystemonpage 160.
Youcannotchangevirtualmachinesettingsbyusingthevirtualmachinesettings
editorwhenWorkstationisrunninginfullscreenswitchmode.Itisrecommended
thatyoufinishconfiguringthevirtualmachineandinstalltheguestoperating
systemandapplicationsbeforeyoumovethevirtualmachinetotheusers
computer.
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Theglobalconfigurationfilegetscreatedwhenyouchangeanyofthedefaultsettings
intheWorkstationpreferenceseditor(Edit>Preferences).Thisfileiscreatedinthe
followinglocation:
OnmostWindowshosts:
C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\VMware\VMware
Workstation\config.ini
OnWindowsVistahosts:
C:\Users\All Users\Application Data\VMware\VMware Workstation\config.ini
NOTEFullscreenswitchmodeisenabledforWindowshostsonly.Foryour
information,however,onLinux,thisfileislocatedin:
/etc/vmware/config
Iftheconfig.inifiledoesnotyetexistonyourhostcomputer,choose
Edit>PreferencesfromtheWorkstationmenubarandchangeatleastoneofthe
settingsinthepreferenceeditor.
Opentheconfig.inifilewithatexteditorandaddthefollowingline:
msg.autoAnswer = "TRUE"
(Optional)Specifyotherfullscreenswitchmodesettingsyouwanttouse.
Tospecifyhotkeysforswitchingtoothervirtualmachinesorthehostcomputer,
first,seeVirtualKeyCodesonpage 398.Next,seeHotKeyforCycling
ThroughVirtualMachinesandtheHostComputeronpage 399andHost
OperatingSystemHotKeyonpage 400.
AlsoseeOtherEntriesintheGlobalConfigurationFileonpage 401.
Saveandclosethefile.
Setpermissionsonthisfilesothatotheruserscannotchangeit.
Openthepreferences.inifilewithatexteditorandaddthefollowinglines:
pref.fullScreen.v5 = "TRUE"
pref.autoFitFullScreen = "fitGuestToHost"
OnmostWindowshosts,thisfileislocatedin:
%USERPROFILE%\Application Data\VMware\preferences.ini
OnWindowsVistahosts,thisfileislocatedin:
%USERPROFILE%\AppData\Roaming\VMware\preferences.ini
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Ifyouwanttospecifyahotkeyforswitchingtoaspecificvirtualmachine,continueon
tothetopicVirtualMachineHotKeyonpage 400.
398
Modifier Key
Value
Nomodifier
0x0
Alt
0x1
Ctrl
0x2
Shift
0x4
Win(Windows)
0x8
Ctrl+Alt
0x3
Alt+Shift
0x5
Ctrl+Shift
0x6
Ctrl+Alt+Shift
0x7
Win+Alt
0x9
Win+Ctrl
0xa
Win+Ctrl+Alt
0xb
Win+Shift
0xc
Win+Shift+Alt
0xd
Win+Shift+Ctrl
0xe
Win+Shift+Ctrl+Alt
0xf
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Whenlistingakeyplusamodifier,typethevirtualkeycodeforthekeyfollowedbya
comma,andtypethevalueforthemodifierkeyorkeys.Forexample,thevalueentry
forCtrl+Shift+F1is0x70,0x6.
NOTEKeepthefollowinglimitationsinmindwhendefiningcyclekeysandswitch
keys:
DonotusethePausekeywiththeCtrlkey.YoucanusethePausekeywithother
modifierkeys.
IfyouuseF12,youmustuseoneormoremodifierkeys.YoucannotuseF12alone.
YoucannotusecombinationsthatincludeonlytheShift,Ctrl,andAltkeys.These
keyscanbeusedonlyasmodifiersincombinationwithsomeotherkey.
Hot Key for Cycling Through Virtual Machines and the Host Computer
Youcanspecifyahotkeyorhotkeycombinationforcyclingthroughtheavailable
virtualmachinesonahostcomputer.Hotkeysbehaveinthefollowingmanner:
Eachtimeyoupressthespecifiedhotkey,thescreendisplaysthenextvirtual
machineinorder.Youcanalsoincludethehostoperatingsysteminthecycle.
Ifanyparticularvirtualmachineisnotrunning,itisskipped.
Ifonlyonevirtualmachineisrunningandthehostoperatingsystemisnot
includedinthecycle,pressingthehotkeyhasnoeffect.
Thehotkeyforcyclingthroughvirtualmachinesisdefinedintheglobalconfiguration
file(config.ini).Twooptionscontrolcycling:
FullScreenSwitch.cycleKey
Thevalueofthisoptiondefinesthehotkey.Itisspecifiedas<key>,<modifier>.
Thereisnodefault.Forexample,tousethePausekeywithnomodifiertocycle
throughvirtualmachines,addthefollowinglinetotheconfig.inifile,ormodify
itsvalueiftheoptionisalreadylisted.
FullScreenSwitch.cycleKey = "0x13,0x0"
FullScreenSwitch.cycleHost
SetthisoptiontoTRUEtoincludethehostoperatingsysteminthecycle.The
defaultisFALSE.Forexample,toincludethehostoperatingsysteminthecycle,
addthefollowinglinetotheconfig.inifile,ormodifyitsvalueiftheoptionis
alreadylisted:
FullScreenSwitch.cycleHost = "TRUE"
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Hot Keys for Switching Directly to Virtual Machines and the Host
Computer
Youcanspecifyahotkeyorhotkeycombinationforswitchingdirectlytoanyavailable
virtualmachineonahostcomputer.Eachtimeyoupressthespecifiedhotkey,the
screendisplayswitchestothatofthespecifiedvirtualmachine.Youcanalsospecifya
hotkeyforswitchingdirectlytothehostoperatingsystem.
Virtual Machine Hot Key
Youdefinethehotkeyusedtoswitchtoavirtualmachinebyaddingalocal
configurationsetting.Localconfigurationsettingsaremadeintheconfigurationfilefor
aparticularvirtualmachine.Thelocalconfigurationfileisinthevirtualmachines
directory.Thefilenamehasa.vmxextension.
Theformatforanentryineitherconfigurationfileis:
<option> = "<value>"
Entriesintheconfigurationfilescanappearinanyorder.
Thevalueofthisoptiondefinesthehotkey.Itisspecifiedas<key>,<modifier>.There
isnodefault.
Forexample,touseCtrl+Shift+F1toswitchtoaparticularvirtualmachine,addthe
followinglinetothatvirtualmachines.vmxfileormodifyitsvalueiftheoptionis
alreadylisted:
FullScreenSwitch.directKey = "0x70,0x6"
Ifanyparticularvirtualmachineisnotrunning,pressingthehotkeyforthatvirtual
machinehasnoeffect.
Host Operating System Hot Key
Youdefinethehotkeyusedtoswitchtothehostoperatingsystembyaddingalineto
theglobalconfigurationfile(config.ini).Thevalueofthisoptiondefinesthehotkey.
Itisspecifiedas<key>,<modifier>.Thereisnodefault.
Forexample,touseCtrl+Shift+F9toswitchtothehostoperatingsystem,addthe
followinglinetotheconfig.inifile,ormodifyitsvalueiftheoptionisalreadylisted:
FullScreenSwitch.hostDirectKey = "0x78,0x6"
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Isolation.tools.copy.enable
Thisoptiondetermineswhetherdatainonevirtualmachineorthehostoperating
systemcanbecopiedinawaythatallowsittobetransferredtoanothervirtual
machineortothehostoperatingsystem.ThedefaultsettingisTRUE(suchcopying
isallowed).
Thesettingforthisoptionshouldbethesameasthesettingfor
Isolation.tools.paste.enable(below).
Isolation.tools.paste.enable
Thisoptiondetermineswhetherdatacopiedinonevirtualmachineorthehost
operatingsystemcanbepastedintoanothervirtualmachineorthehostoperating
system.ThedefaultsettingisTRUE(suchpastingisallowed).
Thesettingforthisoptionshouldbethesameasthesettingfor
Isolation.tools.copy.enable(above).
Isolation.tools.HGFS.disable
Thevalueofthisoptiondetermineswhethervirtualmachinescanbeconfigured
withsharedfolders,forsharingfilesamongvirtualmachinesandwiththehost
computer.ThedefaultsettingisFALSE(sharedfoldersareenabled).
mks.CtlAltDel.ignore
SetthispropertytoTRUEsothatdialogboxesusuallygeneratedbyMicrosoft
WindowsSecureAttentionSequence(SAS)arenotdisplayedbutarepassedonto
theguestiftheguesthaskeyboardfocus.
mks.fullscreen.allScreenSaver
SetthispropertytoTRUEtoallowthehostoperatingsystemtorunitsscreensaver
whenitdeterminesthatthemachineisidle.
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Providethefullpathtothevirtualmachinesconfiguration(.vmx)file.
Theuserseesnoimmediateindicationthatthevirtualmachinehasstarted,buttheuser
canswitchtothevirtualmachinewithitsdirectswitchkeyorwiththecyclekey.
Topoweronthevirtualmachineandpassadditionalinformationtothevirtual
machine,useoneormoreoftheoptionsshowninthefollowingsyntax:
vmware-fullscreen -poweron [-s variable=value] [-name=<alias>]
[-directkey=<keyspec>] [-fullscreen] "<config-file>"
Whenyouusetheoptionalswitchesshownhere,the-poweronswitchisrequiredand
mustbethefirstswitchafterthevmware-fullscreencommand.Providethefullpath
tothevirtualmachinesconfiguration(.vmx)fileattheendofthecommandline.Enter
thecompletecommandononeline.
Usethe-sswitchtopassavariablenameandvaluetobeusedinconfiguringthe
virtualmachine.Youcanincludemultiple<variable>=<value>pairsinthe
command.Each<variable>=<value>pairmustbeprecededby-s.
Use-name=<alias>togiveanametothevirtualmachine.Youcantheusethataliasin
-switchtoand-poweroffcommands.
Use-directkey=<keyspec>tospecifythevirtualmachinesdirectswitchkey.Ifa
directswitchkeyisspecifiedinthevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile,theone
specifiedonthecommandlineoverridestheoneintheconfigurationfile.
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Forexample,tostartavirtualmachineandspecifythatitsdirectswitchkey
combinationisCtrl+Shift+F1,usethefollowingcommand:
vmware-fullscreen -poweron -directkey=0x70,0x6 "<config-file>"
Enterthecompletecommandononeline.
Use-fullscreenwithout-powerontostartavirtualmachineandgostraighttofull
screenswitchmode.Thevirtualmachinetakesoverthedisplayimmediately,insteadof
runninginvisiblyuntiltheuserswitchestoitlater.
Youcanspecifythepathtotheconfiguration(.vmx)file,oryoucanspecifythealiasif
youused-name=whenyoustartedthevirtualmachine.
Workstationexitsassoonasallthevirtualmachineshavepoweredoff.
Dependingonwhichcommandyouuse,youcanswitchtothespecifiedvirtual
machine,tothehostoperatingsystem,ortothenextmachine(virtualmachineorhost)
inthecyclingorder.Avirtualmachinemustbepoweredonbeforeyoucanswitchtoit.
Whenspecifyingavirtualmachine,youcanspecifythepathtotheconfiguration(.vmx)
file,oryoucanspecifythealiasifyouused-name=whenyoustartedthevirtual
machine.
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IfWorkstationisinfullscreenswitchmode,theresponsetothiscommandalsoreports
itsprocessIDandwindowhandle.
Thelistisaddedtothevmware-fullscreenlogfile.
Theadministratorcanspecifyadifferentlocationforthislogfilebyaddingthe
followinglinetotheWorkstationglobalconfigurationfile(config.ini):
fullScreenSwitch.log.filename="<path>"
Itisbesttouseafullpath.Ifyouusearelativepath,thelocationisrelativetothe
directorythatisactivewhenthevmware-fullscreencommandisissuedforthefirst
timeafterthehostcomputerreboots.
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Theguestoperatingsystemisnotfullypowereddown.Youcanawakenthevirtual
machine:
Usingkeyboardinput
Usingmouseinput
ThroughprogrammingtheCMOSexternaltimer
Thisfeaturecanbeusefulfortestanddevelopmentscenarios.
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Workstation Command-Line
Reference
Thisappendixdiscussesthecommandlineoptionsthatareavailableforthevmware
programandthevmrunprogram.Thisappendixcontainsthefollowingtopics:
StartupOptionsforWorkstationandVirtualMachinesonpage 407
CommandLineApplicationforOperatingVirtualMachinesonpage 409
Forinformationabutusingthevmware-fullscreencommandtousefullscreen
switchmode,seeStartingandStoppingVirtualMachinesontheUsersComputeron
page 402.
OnaLinuxhostoperatingsystem:
/usr/bin/vmware [-n] [-x] [-X] [-m] [-t] [-q] [-s <variablename>=<value>]
[-v]
[/<path_to_virtual_machine>/<virtual_machine_name>.vmx]
[X toolkit options]
OnaWindowshostoperatingsystem:
C:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation\Programs\vmware.exe [-B] [-n]
[-x] [-X] [-t] [-q] [-s <variablename>=<value>] [-v]
[<path_to_virtual_machine>\<virtual_machine_name>.vmx]
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Description
-n
OpensanewWorkstationwindow.
-B
(Windowshostsonly)OpensanewWorkstationwindow
buthidesthesidebarandtoolbars.Onlythetabsofopen
virtualmachinesareshown.Usingthisoptionhasthe
sameeffectasclickingtheWorkstationiconinthe
upperleftcorneroftheWorkstationwindowand
choosingHideControlsfromthemenuthatappears.
-t
Opensavirtualmachineorteaminanewtabinthe
existingWorkstationwindow.
-x
PowersonthevirtualmachinewhenVMware
Workstationstarts.Thisisequivalenttoclickingthe
PowerOnbuttonintheVMwareWorkstationtoolbar.
-X
PowersonthevirtualmachineandswitchestheVMware
Workstationwindowtofullscreenmode.
-m
(Linuxhostsonly)Startstheprograminquickswitch
mode.
-q
Closesthevirtualmachinestabwhenthevirtualmachine
powersoff.Ifnoothervirtualmachineisopen,italso
exitsWorkstation.Thisisusefulwhentheguest
operatingsystemiscapableofpoweringoffthevirtual
machine.
-s
Setsthespecifiedvariabletothespecifiedvalue.Any
variablenamesandvaluesthatarevalidinthe
configurationfilemaybespecifiedonthecommandline
withthe-sswitch.
-v
Displaystheproductname,version,andbuildnumber.
<path_to_virtual_machine>
Launchesavirtualmachineusingthespecifiedvirtual
machineorteamconfigurationfile(.vmxor.vmtm file).
<path_to_virtual_team>
OnLinuxhosts,Xtoolkitoptionscanbepassedasarguments,althoughsomeofthem
(mostnotablythesizeandtitleoftheVMwareWorkstationwindow)cannotbe
overridden.
XtoolkitoptionsarenotrelevantonaWindowshost.
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Enclosetheentirecommandstringinquotationmarks.
NOTETheconfigurationfilehasa.vmxextensionbydefault.
ChangeyourworkingdirectorytotheVMwareWorkstationdirectory.Thedefault
locationis:
c:\Program Files\VMware\VMware Workstation
AddtheVMwareWorkstationdirectorytothesystempath.OnWindows2000and
XP,youcanchangethissettingat
ControlPanel>System>Advanced>EnvironmentVariables>System
variables>Path
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Description
Parameters
list
Listallrunningvirtualmachines.
None
upgradevm
Upgradeavirtualmachinetothecurrent
Workstationversion.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
installtools
InstallVMwareToolsintheguest
operatingsystem.InWindowsguests,
theVMwareToolsinstallerruns
automatically.InLinuxguests,this
commandconnectsthevirtualmachines
virtualCDROMdrivetotheVMware
ToolsISOimageforthatguest,butthe
installerdoesnotstartautomatically.
Completetheinstallationwithadditional
manualsteps,asdescribedinInstalling
VMwareToolsonaLinuxGueston
page 125.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
start
Startavirtualmachine(.vmxfile)orteam
(.vmtmfile).
[Pathto.vmxor.vmtmfile]
stop
Stopavirtualmachine(.vmxfile)orteam
(.vmtmfile).
[Pathto.vmxor.vmtmfile]
[hard|soft]
reset
Resetavirtualmachine(.vmxfile)or
team(.vmtmfile).
[Pathto.vmxor.vmtmfile]
[hard|soft]
suspend
Suspendavirtualmachine(.vmxfile)or
team(.vmtmfile).
[Pathto.vmxor.vmtmfile]
[hard|soft]
snapshot
Createasnapshotofavirtualmachine.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[snapshotname]
listSnapshots
Listallsnapshotsinavirtualmachine.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
deleteSnapshot
Removeasnapshotfromavirtual
machine.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[snapshotname]
General Commands
Power Commands
Snapshot Commands
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Description
Parameters
Gotoasnapshotinavirtualmachine.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[snapshotname]
Ifasnapshothasauniquenamewithina
virtualmachine,reverttothatsnapshot
byspecifyingthepathtothevirtual
machinesconfigurationfileandthe
snapshotname:
[Pathto.vmxfile][snapshotname]
or
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[snapshotname1/
snapshotname2]
Ifseveralsnapshotshavethesamename,
youcanstillspecifyasnapshotby
includingapathnameforthesnapshot
name.Apathnameisaseriesofsnapshot
names,separatedbyforwardslash
characters(/).Eachnamespecifiesa
differentsnapshotinthetree.
Forexample,supposeyouincludethe
pathnameSnap1/Snap2.Thiswill
identifyasnapshotnamedSnap2that
wastakenfromthestateofaroot
snapshotnamedSnap1.
Becauseyoucanusetheforwardslashin
apathname,VMwarerecommendsthat
youavoidusingtheslashcharacterwhen
younameasnapshotbecausethismakes
itdifficultforyoutopredictwhich
snapshotapathnamewillidentify.
Guest Operating System Commands
runProgramInGuest
fileExistsInGuest
setSharedFolderState
Runaprogramintheguestoperating
system.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Program[Program
arguments]]
Checkwhetherthespecifiedfileexistsin
theguestsystem.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
Modifythelocationofafoldershared
betweenthehostandguest.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Pathtofileinguest]
[Sharename]
[Newpathtofolderon
host]
addSharedFolder
Addafoldertobesharedbetweenthe
hostandguest.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Sharename]
[Pathtofolderonhost]
removeSharedFolder
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Removeafoldersharedbetweenthehost
andguest.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Sharename]
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Description
Parameters
listProcessesInGuest
Listtheprocessesrunningintheguest
operatingsystem.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
killProcessInGuest
Killthespecifiedprocessontheguest
operatingsystem.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
Runascriptintheguestoperating
system.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
runScriptInGuest
deleteFileInGuest
createDirectoryInGuest
deleteDirectoryInGuest
listDirectoryInGuest
copyFileFromHostToGuest
[ProcessID]
[Interpreterpathscript
text]
Deleteafilefromtheguestoperating
system.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
Createadirectoryintheguestoperating
system.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
Deleteadirectoryfromtheguest
operatingsystem.
Listthecontentsofadirectoryinthe
guestoperatingsystem.
Copyafilefromthehosttotheguest
operatingsystem.
[Pathtofileontheguest]
[Directorypathonthe
guest]
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Directorypathonthe
guest]
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Directorypathonthe
guest]
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Filepathonthehost]
[Filepathontheguest]
copyFileFromGuestToHost
Copyafilefromtheguestoperating
systemtothehost.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Filepathontheguest]
[Filepathonthehost]
renameFileInGuest
Renameafileintheguestoperating
system.
[Pathto.vmxfile]
[Originalfilename]
[Newfilename]
InaLinuxterminal,enter:
vmrun reset /usr/local/VMs/<virtual_machine_name>.vmx soft
OntheWindowscommandline,enter:
vmrun reset c:\Virtual Machines\<virtual_machine_name>.vmx soft
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WithvirtualmachinesthatrequireinputthroughaVMwareWorkstationdialogbox,
vmrunmighttimeoutandfail.TodisableWorkstationdialogboxes,insertthefollowing
lineintotheconfiguration(.vmx)fileforavirtualmachine:
msg.autoAnswer = TRUE
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TheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerprovidesaconfigurableinterfacebetween
Eclipseandvirtualmachines,makingiteasytodevelopanddebugapplicationsthat
runinmultipleoperatingsystemenvironmentsonasinglePC.Debuggingyour
applicationsinvirtualmachinesenablesyoutoreproduceandrecorderrorswhile
maintainingtheintegrityofthehostmachine.Youcanperformtypicaldebuggingtasks
suchaspausingatbreakpoints,steppingthroughcode,andviewingandmodifyingthe
stateofyourapplication,allwithoutimpactingthehostenvironment.
Thisappendixcontainsthefollowingsections:
OverviewoftheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggeronpage 415
SettingUptheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerEnvironmentonpage 417
ManagingVirtualMachineLaunchConfigurationsonpage 421
RunningandDebuggingApplicationsinVirtualMachinesonpage 425
Managelaunchconfigurationsettingsforapplicationexecutionanddebuggingin
virtualmachines.
Startanapplicationdebuggingsessioninavirtualmachine.
Startanapplicationinavirtualmachinewithoutdebugging.
Startadebuggingsessionthatattachestoaprocessalreadyrunninginavirtual
machine.
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UsingEclipselaunchconfigurations,youcanchoosewhatvirtualmachinetorunyour
applicationinandhowitisexecuted.Onceconfigured,theEclipseIntegratedVirtual
Debuggerfindsthevirtualmachine,powersitonifnecessary,setsuptheenvironment
basedonyourconfigurationsettings,andstartsorattachestotheapplication.
Toconfigurehowanapplicationisstartedinavirtualmachine,youcanspecify:
Thenameofthevirtualmachine(.vmxconfigurationfile).
(Optional)ThepathtotheJVMontheguestsystem.
(Optional)Thelocationoffolderstobesharedbetweenthehostandtheguest.
(Optional)ActionstoperformbeforelaunchinganapplicationfromEclipse,
including:
Reverttothemostrecentsnapshot.
Runspecifiedpreexecutioncommands.
(Optional)ActionstoperformafteranapplicationlaunchedfromEclipseis
terminated,including:
Runspecifiedpostexecutioncommands(forexample,toperformcleanup
tasks).
Setthevirtualmachinestateto:
Suspended(default)
Reverttothemostrecentsnapshot
Poweredoff
ForinformationoninstallationrequirementsfortheEclipseIntegratedVirtual
Debugger,seeSettingUptheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerEnvironmenton
page 417.
Forinformationonhowtomanagevirtualmachineconfigurations,seeManaging
VirtualMachineLaunchConfigurationsonpage 421.
Formoreinformationonrunninganddebuggingapplicationsinvirtualmachines,see
RunningandDebuggingApplicationsinVirtualMachinesonpage 425.
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TheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerplugin,ivd.jar,FoundryJava
bindings,andtheplugin.xmllaunchconfigurationfileareplacedinthe
com.vmware.bfg_1.0.0subdirectoryoftheEclipseplugindirectory.
AfteryourestartEclipse,theDebugmenuincludesthenewlaunchconfiguration
typesVMwareattachtoapplicationandVMwareexecuteJavaapplication.
TheselaunchconfigurationtypeshaveaVMwaretabthatenablesyoutoconfigure
virtualmachinesettings.
Youcandebuginmultiplevirtualmachinessimultaneously.Youcanalsodebug
multiplesessionsinasinglevirtualmachine.
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WindowsVistaEnterpriseEdition
WindowsVistaBusinessEdition
WindowsVistaHomeBasicandPremiumEditions
WindowsVistaUltimateEdition
WindowsXPHomeEdition,SP1,SP2
WindowsXPProfessional,SP1,SP2
Windows2000ServerSP3,SP4
Windows2000Professional,SP3,SP4
Windows2000AdvancedServer,SP3,SP4
NOTEWindows64bithostoperatingsystemsarenotcurrentlysupported.
TheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggersupportsthefollowingLinux32bitand64bit
hostoperatingsystems:
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS4.5(Beta,formerlycalled4.0Update5)
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAS4.0,updates1,2,3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxES4.0,updates1,2,3,4
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxWS4.0,updates1,2,3,4
RedHatLinux9.0stock2.4.208,upgrade2.4.2020.9
UbuntuLinux6.10
UbuntuLinux6.06
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Eclipse Requirements
YoumusthaveEclipse3.2or3.3installedonthehost.OnWindowsVistahosts,you
musthaveEclipse3.2.2or3.3installed.
TheJavalanguageissupported.YoucannothaveGCJJavainstalledontheguest
operatingsystem.
ReviewVirtualMachineRequirementsforinformationaboutguestsystem
requirements.
WindowsVista(allexceptVistaHomeEdition,whichcannotberuninavirtual
machineduetoMicrosoftlicensingrestrictions)
WindowsServer2003,EnterpriseEditionandR2
WindowsXPProfessionalandHomeEdition
Windows2000Professional
Windows2000Server
Windows2000AdvancedServer
ThefollowingWindows64bitguestoperatingsystemsaresupported:
WindowsVistax64Edition(3Deffectsnotyetsupported)
WindowsServer2003x64Edition
WindowsXPProfessionalx64
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ThefollowingLinux32bitand64bitguestoperatingsystemsaresupported:
RedHatLinux8and9
RedHatEnterpriseLinuxAdvancedServer,EnterpriseServer,andWorkstation4
and5
UbuntuLinux6.10
UbuntuLinux6.06
SUSELinux10
SUSELinuxEnterpriseServer10
IntheEclipsePackageExplorer,rightclickthetopmostfolder(Projectitem)and
chooseProperties.
IntheleftpaneofthePropertiespage,selectJavaCompiler.
SelectEnableprojectspecificsettings,andsettheJDKComplianceCompiler
compliancelevelto1.4.
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ChooseStart>ControlPanel>WindowsFirewallandselecttheExceptionstab.
ClickAddProgramandbrowsetotheJavaexecutable.
ClickOK.
NOTEOnWindowsVistaguests,youmighthavetorestartthefirewallafter
configuringittoallowincomingconnectionstotheJVM.
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ChooseRun>Debug.
TheDebugpageisdisplayed.Youcancreate,manage,andrunconfigurations
fromthispage.
Youcancreatealaunchconfigurationbasedondefaultsettingsorbasedon
anotherconfiguration.Youcanalsoeditanexistingconfiguration.Dooneofthe
following:
CreateaconfigurationbasedondefaultsettingsbyselectingVMwareexecute
Javaapplicationintheleftpane,andclickingtheNewlaunchconfiguration
iconatthetopofthepane.
Createaconfigurationbasedonanotherconfigurationbyselectingthe
configurationyouwanttoduplicateunderVMwareexecuteJavaapplication
intheleftpane,andclickingtheDuplicatesthecurrentlyselected
configurationiconatthetopofthepane.
Editanexistingconfigurationbyselectingtheconfigurationyouwanttoedit
underVMwareexecuteJavaapplicationintheleftpane.
PerformtheremainingstepsintheVMwaretaboftherightpane.
3
Chooseavirtualmachinefromthedropdownmenuofrecentlyusedand
currentlyrunningvirtualmachines.
ClickBrowsetoselectfrom.vmxfilesonthesystem.
(Optional)IfyouwanttouseaJVMotherthantheonethatisautomatically
selected,selectanalternateJVMpath.
(Optional)Expandthelistofsharedfolderstoadd,edit,orremovefolderstobe
sharedbetweenthehostandtheguestsystems.
Foreachfolder,enterthesharenameandthelocationonthehostsystem.
Bydefault,theprojectfolderisshared.
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(Optional)Indicateactionstobeperformedbeforetheapplicationislaunched:
SelectSetvirtualmachinestatetomostrecentsnapshottoreverttothemost
recentsnapshotbeforetheapplicationislaunched.
SelectRunscriptandenteroneormoreshellcommandstobeexecutedinthe
guestoperatingsystembeforetheapplicationislaunched.Nosyntax
checkingisperformed.Eitherenteronecommandperline,orentermultiple
commandsonthesamelineusingasemicolonasaseparator.
(Optional)Indicateactionstobeperformedaftertheapplicationhasterminated:
SelectRunscriptandenteroneormoreshellcommandstobeexecutedinthe
guestoperatingsystemaftertheapplicationhasterminated.Nosyntax
checkingisperformed.Eitherenteronecommandperline,orentermultiple
commandsonthesamelineusingasemicolonasaseparator.
SelectSetvirtualmachinestate,andselectoneofthefollowingoptions:
tosuspended(default)
tomostrecentsnapshot
topoweredoff
ClickApply.
IfyouclickRevert,settingsreverttopreviousvalues.
Ifnewlycreated,thelaunchconfigurationisaddedtotheleftpane.
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ChooseRun>Debug.
TheDebugpageisdisplayed.Youcancreate,manage,andrunconfigurations
fromthispage.
Youcancreatealaunchconfigurationbasedondefaultsettingsorbasedon
anotherconfiguration.Dooneofthefollowing:
CreateaconfigurationbasedondefaultsettingsbyselectingVMwareattach
toapplicationintheleftpane,andclickingtheNewlaunchconfiguration
iconatthetopofthepane.
Createaconfigurationbasedonanotherconfigurationbyselectingthe
configurationyouwanttoduplicateunderVMwareattachtoapplicationin
theleftpaneandclickingtheDuplicatesthecurrentlyselectedconfiguration
iconatthetopofthepane.
Editanexistingconfigurationbyselectingtheconfigurationyouwanttoedit
underVMwareattachtoapplicationintheleftpane.
PerformtheremainingstepsintheVMwaretaboftherightpane.
3
Chooseavirtualmachinefromthedropdownmenuofrecentlyusedand
currentlyrunningvirtualmachines.
ClickBrowsetoselectfrom.vmxfilesonthesystem.
ClickApply.
IfyouclickRevert,settingsreverttodefaultvalues.
Ifnewlycreated,thelaunchconfigurationisaddedtotheleftpane.
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Deleting Configurations
Youcanremoveanexistingconfiguration.
To remove a configuration
1
ChooseRun>Debug.
TheDebugpageisdisplayed.Youcancreate,manage,andrunconfigurations
fromthispage.
Intheleftpane,selectoneormoreconfigurationsyouwanttodeleteandclickthe
Deleteselectedlaunchconfiguration(s)iconatthetopofthepane.
Theconfigurationisremovedintheleftpane.
Startanapplicationdebuggingsessioninavirtualmachine.
Startanapplicationinavirtualmachinewithoutdebugging.
Startadebuggingsessionthatattachestoaprocessalreadyrunninginavirtual
machine.
Beginthesessioninoneofthefollowingways:
FromtheDebugmenu,choosetheconfigurationfortheapplicationyouwant
tostartdebugging.
IntheDebugpage,selecttheconfigurationunderVMwareexecuteJava
applicationintheleftpaneandclickDebugintherightpane.
Performdebuggingtasksasyouwouldinalocaldebuggingenvironment.
NOTEDonotsuspendavirtualmachinewhiletheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebugger
isconnectedtoanapplication.Ifyoudo,theEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerwill
disconnectfromtheapplication.
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FromtheRunmenu,choosetheconfigurationfortheapplicationyouwanttostart.
IntheRunpage,selecttheconfigurationunderVMwareexecuteJavaapplication
intheleftpaneandclickRunintherightpane.
IntheDebugpage,selecttheconfigurationunderVMwareattachtoapplication
intheleftpaneandclickDebugintherightpane.
IfmorethanoneinstanceoftheJavaapplicationisrunninginthevirtualmachine,
adialogboxappearswithalistoftherunninginstances,eachidentifiedbytheir
processID,portnumber,andarguments.
Selecttheprocessyouwanttoattachto.
Performdebuggingtasksasyouwouldinalocaldebuggingenvironment.
NOTEDonotsuspendavirtualmachinewhiletheEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebugger
isconnectedtoanapplication.Ifyoudo,theEclipseIntegratedVirtualDebuggerwill
disconnectfromtheapplication.
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TheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebuggerprovidesaconfigurableinterface
betweenVisualStudioandvirtualmachines,makingiteasytodevelopanddebug
applicationsthatruninmultipleWindowsoperatingsystemenvironmentsonasingle
PC.Debuggingyourapplicationsinvirtualmachinesenablesyoutoreproduceand
recorderrorswhilemaintainingtheintegrityofthehostmachine.Youcanperform
typicaldebuggingtaskssuchaspausingatbreakpoints,steppingthroughcode,and
viewingandmodifyingthestateofyourapplication,allwithoutimpactingthehost
environment.
Thischaptercontainsthefollowingsections:
OverviewoftheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebuggeronpage 427
SettingUptheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebuggerEnvironmenton
page 430
ManagingVirtualMachineConfigurationsonpage 437
RunningandDebuggingApplicationsinVirtualMachinesonpage 442
Manageconfigurationsettingsforapplicationexecutionanddebugginginvirtual
machines.
Startanapplicationdebuggingsessioninavirtualmachine.
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Startanapplicationinavirtualmachinewithoutdebugging.
Startadebuggingsessionthatattachestoaprocessalreadyrunninginavirtual
machine.
Youcanmanageconfigurationsettingsforeachvirtualmachineinwhichyouwantto
executeanddebugapplications.Virtualmachineconfigurationproperties,whichyou
setintheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebuggerconfigurationpages,determine
whichvirtualmachinetoruntheapplicationinandhowtheapplicationisexecuted.
Onceconfigured,theintegratedvirtualdebuggerfindsthevirtualmachine,powersit
onifnecessary,setsuptheenvironmentbasedonyourconfigurationsettings,and
startsorattachestotheapplication.
ForinformationoninstallationandotherrequirementsfortheVisualStudioIntegrated
VirtualDebugger,seeSettingUptheVisualStudioIntegratedVirtualDebugger
Environmentonpage 430.
Forinformationonhowtomanagevirtualmachineconfigurations,seeManaging
VirtualMachineConfigurationsonpage 437.
Forinformationonrunninganddebuggingapplicationsinvirtualmachines,see
RunningandDebuggingApplicationsinVirtualMachinesonpage 442.
ThecommandtobeexecutedbyVisualStudiointheguestoperatingsystem.
Thenameofthevirtualmachine(.vmxconfigurationfile).
Whethertorunthecommandasasharedpathonthehostorasaguestpath.
ThelocationoftheRemoteDebugMonitoronthehost.
ThenameoftheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguest.
Youcanspecifythefollowingadditionalsettingswhenyoustartdebuggingan
applicationinavirtualmachine,butnotwhenyoustartanapplicationwithout
debugging:
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(Optional)Thelocationoffolderstobesharedbetweenthehostandtheguest.
(Optional)Actionstoperformbeforestartinganapplicationinavirtualmachine,
including:
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Copyingfilesorfoldersfromthehosttothevirtualmachine.
Revertingthevirtualmachinetotheparentsnapshot.
Runningspecifiedpreexecutioncommandsontheguest.Forexample,ifyou
mustregisternewDLLsinthevirtualmachineeachtimetheprogramis
recompiled,youcancreateaDLLregistrationscriptandspecifythatitmust
berunduringsetup.
(Optional)Actionstoperformafteranapplicationinavirtualmachineis
terminated,including:
Runningspecifiedpostexecutioncommands(forexample,toperform
cleanuptasks)intheguest.
Settingthevirtualmachinestateto:
Nooperation(remainpoweredon,noshutdownaction)
Poweredoff
Theparentsnapshot
Suspended
Thenameofthevirtualmachine(.vmxconfigurationfile).
ThelocationoftheRemoteDebugMonitoronthehost.
ThenameoftheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguest.
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TheassociatedDLLsareplacedinthe\Program Files\VMware\VMware
Workstation\Visual Studio Integrated Debuggerand
\Program Files\VMware\VMware VIX\ws-2\32bitdirectories.
WhenyourestartVisualStudio,theintegratedvirtualdebuggerisloadedandthe
VMwaremenuandtoolbarbecomeavailable.
Apreferencefile,vsid-prefs.xml,iscreatedinthe
\Documents and Settings\<user_name>\Application Data\VMware
directory.Donoteditthisfiledirectly.Itisupdatedwhenyoumakechangesinthe
integratedvirtualdebuggerconfigurationpages.
Afile,<project_name>.idc,iscreatedforeachprojectinsamedirectoryasthe
projectfilewhenaprojectofatypesupportedbytheintegratedvirtualdebugger
isloadedinVisualStudio.
Alogfile,vmware-vsid-<integer>.log,iscreatedinthe
\Documents and Settings\<user_name>\Local Settings\Tempdirectory.
YoucanchooseVMware>AboutVMwareVirtualDebuggertoviewthelogfile
name.Thislogfilecontainsinformationalanderrormessagesabouttheactionsof
theintegratedvirtualdebugger.
Youcandebuginmultiplevirtualmachinessimultaneously.Youcanalsodebug
multiplesessionsinasinglevirtualmachine.However,youcannotdebugonalocalor
physicallyremotemachineandinavirtualmachineatthesametime.
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Supported Languages
TheC/C++(NativeandManaged),C#,andVisualBasiclanguagesaresupported.
ChooseProject>Properties.
ExpandConfigurationProperties>C/C++andselectCodeGeneration.
SetCodeGenerationtoRuntimeLibrarypropertytoMultithreaded(/MT)or
MultithreadedDebug(/MTd).
Foradditionalinformation,see
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/enus/library/ms235624.aspx.
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ManuallyconfigurethefirewalltoallowtrafficfromVisualStudio.
RunVisualStudiowithAdministratorpermissions.Formoreinformation,see
http://msdn2.microsoft.com/enus/vstudio/aa972193.aspx.
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InInternetExplorer,chooseTools>InternetOptions>Security>LocalIntranet,
andclickSites.
ClickAdvanced,andaddanewWebsite:file://*..host
Alternatively,youcanedittheregistrykeydirectly.
To turn off security prompts by editing the registry key
1
Opentheregistry.
Addanewkey,.host,under
HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\InternetSettings\
ZoneMap\Domains.
Inthe.hostkey,createanewDWORDValuecalledfileandsetitsvalueto1.
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Ontheguestsystem,chooseStart>ControlPanel>System.
SelecttheComputerNametab.
ClickChange.
Typeauniquename,andclickOK.
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Runthecommand
msvsmon.exe /noauth
Verifythatyouareusingport4015byconfirmingthatRemoteDebugMonitor
displaysthemessageMsvsmon started a new server named
'<guest_name>:4015'. Authentication is disabled. Waiting for new
connections.
BecauserunningtheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguestsystemwithout
authenticationposesasecurityriskforthatguest,itisrecommendedthatyoutakea
snapshotfirstandsetReverttoParentSnapshottoYesinPostDebugEventor
PreDebugEventproperties,asdescribedinSettingConfigurationPropertieson
page 439.
Duetosharedfolderlimitations,youmustalso:
SetRunCommandAstoaguestpath.Thisproperty,whichindicateshowthe
commandbeingexecutedbythedebuggerisrun,isdescribedinSettingGeneral
Propertiesonpage 439.
LeaveSharedDirectoriesunset,becausedirectoriescannotbesharedbetweenthe
hostandtheguest.ThispropertyisdescribedinSettingVirtualMachine
Propertiesonpage 440.
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Troubleshooting Tips
ThissectioncontainsadditionalinformationthatenablesyoutousetheVisualStudio
IntegratedVirtualDebuggersuccessfully.
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InC++,chooseProjectPropertyPages>DebuggingandsettheDebuggerto
LaunchpropertytoLocal Windows Debugger.SettheCommandpropertyto
eitheranemptystringorthecorrectlocalpath.
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InC#andVB,chooseProjectPropertyPages>Debug.MakesureStartprojectis
selectedandUseremotemachineisdeselected.
Optionally,removeanysharedfoldersthatwereusedtorunthedebugcommandand
theRemoteDebugMonitor.Sharedfoldersareusuallyremovedattheendofa
debuggingsession,buttheymightnotberemovedinthefollowingcircumstances:
Ifthedebuggingsessioncausesacrash.
Ifthevirtualmachineispoweredoffwhilethedebuggingsessionisstillrunning.
Thesesharedfoldersaretypicallyreusedwhenanotherdebuggingsessionisstarted,
sothiscleanupisnotrequired.
Creating Configurations
Thissectiondescribeshowtocreateanewconfiguration.
To create a new configuration
1
ChooseVMware>Options.
ClicktheNewiconnexttotheConfigurationdropdownmenu.
IntheNewConfigurationpage,typeanameforthenewconfiguration.
Chooseaconfigurationtocopysettingsfrom.
Thedefaultselectionis<Default>,whichincludesthedefaultvaluesforall
propertiesthathavethem.
ClickOK.
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Thenewconfigurationiscreatedandlistedastheactiveconfigurationinthe
ConfigurationandActiveConfigurationdropdownmenus.Next,editthe
configurationproperties,asdescribedinSettingConfigurationPropertieson
page 439.
Renaming Configurations
Youcanrenameanexistingconfiguration.
To rename a configuration
1
ChooseVMware>Options.
ChoosetheconfigurationyouwanttorenamefromtheConfigurationdropdown
menu,andclicktheEditicon.
IntheEditConfigurationpage,selecttheconfigurationyouwanttorename,and
clickRename.
Typethenewnameovertheexistingname,andpressEnter.
Attheconfirmationprompt,clickYes.
ClickClose.
TherenamedconfigurationislistedastheactiveconfigurationintheConfiguration
dropdownmenu.Youcanedititsconfigurationproperties,asdescribedinSetting
ConfigurationPropertiesonpage 439.
Removing Configurations
Youcanremoveanexistingconfiguration.
To remove a configuration
1
ChooseVMware>Options.
ChoosethenameoftheconfigurationyouwanttodeletefromtheConfiguration
dropdownmenu,andclicktheEditicon.
IntheEditConfigurationpage,selecttheconfigurationyouwanttodelete,and
clickRemove.
Attheconfirmationprompt,clickYes.
ClickClose.
TheconfigurationisremovedfromtheConfigurationdropdownmenu.
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ThecommandtobeexecutedbyVisualStudiointheguestoperatingsystem.
Howthecommandisrun:asapathonthehostinasharedfolderorasapathon
theguest.
ThelocationoftheRemoteDebugMonitoronthehost.
ThenameoftheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguest.
ChooseVMware>Options,andselectGeneralintheleftpane.
SetCommandtothecommandtobeexecutedbythedebuggerintheguestsystem.
ClickBrowsetoselectapathtotheexecutableonthehostfilesystem.
Thecommanddirectoryisautomaticallysharedbetweenthehostandtheguest.
SetRunCommandAstoindicatehowthedebugcommandisrun:eitherasahost
paththroughasharedfolderoraguestpath.
Whenahostpaththroughasharedfolderisselected,thefolderwherethe
commandislocatedissharedbeforethedebuggingsessionisstarted.The
commandisexecutedfromthesharedfolder,andwhenthedebuggingsession
ends,thefolderisnolongershared.Thenameofthesharedfolderis
\\.host\Shared Folders\$(ProjectName)<random_number>.
Whenaguestpathisselected,thecommandisexecutedfromthespecifiedpath
ontheguest.
Thedefaultisahostpaththroughasharedfolder.
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SetRemoteDebugMonitortothelocationoftheRemoteDebugMonitoronthe
host.
ThedefaultistheVisualStudioinstalledpath,typically:
\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\Common7\IDE\Remote Debugger\x86\
msvsmon.exe
Usethedefaultremotedebugmonitorifyouaredebugginga32bitprocessina
32bitvirtualmachine.
Ifyouwanttodebuga32bitprocessina64bitvirtualmachine,usetheRemote
DebugMonitor:
\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\Common7\IDE\Remote
Debugger\x86\msvsmon.exe
Ifyouwanttodebuga64bitprocessina64bitvirtualmachine,usethe64bit
RemoteDebugMonitor:
\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\Common7\IDE\Remote
Debugger\x64\msvsmon.exe
TypeanamefortheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguest.
Thedefaultnameis<username>.
IfaRemoteDebugMonitorisalreadyrunningontheguest,whenthenew
connectionismadebetweentheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguestandthe
VisualStudiodebuggeronthehost,youarepromptedtochoosewhetherto
connecttotheonethatisrunningorstartanotheronewithadifferentname.
Thepathtothevirtualmachinefile(.vmxfile).
(Optional)Thelocationofanydirectoriessharedbetweenthehostandtheguest.
ChooseVMware>Options,andselectVirtualMachineintheleftpane.
SetVirtualMachinetothepathtothevirtualmachinefile(.vmxfile).
ClickBrowsetoselectfrom.vmxfilesonthesystem.
(Optional)SetSharedFolderstoasemicolondelimitedlistofpairedfoldernames
intheform<shared_name>=<host_folder_name>.
ClickBrowsetoentersharenamesandfoldernamesusingadialogbox.
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ChooseVMware>Options,andselectPreDebugEventintheleftpane.
SetReverttoParentSnapshottoYesorNo.
IfsettoYes,thevirtualmachinerevertstoitsparentsnapshotwhenthedebugging
sessionisstarted.
ThedefaultisNo.
SetCopyFilestoasemicolondelimitedlistofpairedfileordirectorynamesthat
arecopiedfromthehosttotheguestmachineintheform
<host_machine_file/folder>=<virtual_machine_file/folder>.
ClickBrowsetoselectfromfilesonthesystem.
Allspecifiedfilesarecopiedbeforeanypredebuggingcommandsareexecuted.
SetCommandLinetooneormoresemicolondelimitedcommandsthatarerun
afterfilesarecopied(asdescribedintheprecedingstep)andbeforethedebugging
sessionstarts.
ClickBrowsetoentercommandsusingadialogbox.
ChooseVMware>Options,andselectPostDebugEventintheleftpane.
SetCommandLinetooneormoresemicolondelimitedcommandsthatarerun
afterthedebuggingsessionends.
ClickBrowsetoentercommandsusingadialogbox.
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SetTerminationModeto:
Nooperation(default)
Poweroff
Reverttoparentsnapshot
Suspend
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Startanapplicationdebuggingsessioninavirtualmachine.
Startanapplicationinavirtualmachinewithoutdebugging.
Startadebuggingsessionthatattachestoaprocessalreadyrunninginavirtual
machine.
ChooseVMware>Start.
NOTEYoumustlogintotheguestsystemmanuallybeforetheapplicationis
started.Foradditionalinformation,seeConfiguringUserAccountsonpage 433.
Theapplicationisstartedinthevirtualmachine.
PerformdebuggingtasksasyouwouldfromtheDebug>StartDebuggingVisual
Studiomenu.
Ifyouwanttokilltheprocessesassociatedwiththedebuggingsessionontheguest
systemandrestartdebugging,chooseVMware>Restart.
Powersonthevirtualmachineifnecessary.
Sharesthefoldertotheexecutable.
Runstheexecutable.
Removesthesharedfolderwhentheexecutableterminates.
Whenyoustartanapplicationwithoutdebugging,theintegratedvirtualdebugger
doesnotexecutepredebugorpostdebugoperations,shareadditionaldirectories,or
starttheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguestsystem.
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ChooseVMware>AttachtoProcess.
TheAttachtoProcesspageisdisplayed.
ChoosethevirtualmachineonwhichtoviewrunningprocessesfromtheRunning
VirtualMachinesdropdownmenu.
Onlyvirtualmachinesthatarepoweredonappearinthedropdownmenu.
SetRemoteDebugMonitortothelocationoftheRemoteDebugMonitoronthe
host.
ThedefaultistheVisualStudioinstalledpath,typically:
\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\Common7\IDE\Remote Debugger\x86\
msvsmon.exe
Usethedefaultremotedebugmonitorifyouaredebugginga32bitprocessina
32bitvirtualmachine.
Ifyouwanttodebuga32bitprocessina64bitvirtualmachine,usetheRemote
DebugMonitor:
\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\Common7\IDE\Remote
Debugger\x86\msvsmon.exe
Ifyouwanttodebuga64bitprocessina64bitvirtualmachine,usethe64bit
RemoteDebugMonitor:
\Program Files\Microsoft Visual Studio 8\Common7\IDE\Remote
Debugger\x64\msvsmon.exe
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TypeanamefortheRemoteDebugMonitorontheguest.
ThedefaultnameisVMDebug.
NOTEIfaRemoteDebugMonitorisalreadyrunningontheguest,youcanstart
anotheronewithadifferentnameoruseonethatisalreadyrunning.
Choosetheprocessyouwanttoattachtofromthelistofavailableprocesses,and
clickAttach.
Ifyouwanttorefreshthelistofrunningprocesses,clickRefresh.
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Glossary
administrativelockout
AglobalsettingprovidingpasswordprotectionforWindowshosts.
Administrativelockoutrestrictsusersfromcreatingnewvirtualmachines,editing
virtualmachineconfigurations,andchangingnetworksettings.
bridgednetworking
Atypeofnetworkconnectionbetweenavirtualmachineandtherestoftheworld.
Underbridgednetworking,avirtualmachineappearsasanadditionalcomputer
onthesamephysicalEthernetnetworkasthehost.Seealsohostonlynetworking.
clone
Aduplicatecopyofavirtualmachine.Seealsofullclone,linkedclone.
CloneVirtualMachinewizard
Apointandclickinterfaceforconvenient,easyduplicationofavirtualmachine
withinVMwareWorkstation.Seealsofullclone,linkedclone.
configuration
Seevirtualmachineconfigurationfile.
customnetworking
Anytypeofnetworkconnectionbetweenvirtualmachinesandthehostthatdoes
notusethedefaultbridged,hostonly,ornetworkaddresstranslation(NAT)
networkingconfigurations.Forinstance,differentvirtualmachinescanbe
connectedtothehostbyseparatenetworksorconnectedtoeachotherandnotto
thehost.Anynetworktopologyispossible.
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DE
diskmode
Apropertyofavirtualdiskthatdefinesitsexternalbehavior(howthe
virtualizationlayertreatsitsdata)butiscompletelyinvisibletotheguestoperating
system.Availablemodesvarybyproductandincludepersistentmode(changesto
thediskarealwayspreservedacrosssessions),nonpersistentmode(changesare
neverpreserved),undoablemode(changesarepreservedattheusersdiscretion),
andappendmode(similartoundoable,butthechangesarepreserveduntila
systemadministratordeletestheredologfile).
draganddrop
WiththedraganddropfeatureofWorkstation,youcanmovefileseasilybetween
aWindowsorLinuxhostandaWindows,Linux,orSolarisvirtualmachine.You
candraganddropindividualfilesorentiredirectories.
Favoriteslist
AlistintheleftpanelofthemainWorkstationscreenthatshowsthenamesof
virtualmachinesthatauserhasaddedtothelist.TheFavoriteslistmakesiteasy
tolaunchavirtualmachineortoconnecttothevirtualmachinesconfigurationfile
inordertomakechangesinthevirtualmachinesettings.
fullclone
Acompletecopyoftheoriginalvirtualmachineplusallassociatedvirtualdisks.
Seealsolinkedclone.
fullscreenmode
Adisplaymodeinwhichthevirtualmachinesdisplayfillstheentirescreen.See
alsofullscreenswitchmode.
fullscreenswitchmode
Adisplaymodeinwhichthevirtualmachinesdisplayfillstheentirescreen,and
theuserhasnoaccesstotheVMwareWorkstationuserinterface.Theusercannot
create,reconfigure,orlaunchvirtualmachines.Asystemadministratorperforms
thesefunctions.Seealsofullscreenmode.
GotoSnapshotcommand
TheGotoSnapshotcommandallowsyoutorestoreanysnapshotoftheactive
virtualmachine.Seealsoreverttosnapshot.
guestoperatingsystem
Anoperatingsystemthatrunsinsideavirtualmachine.Seealsohostoperating
systemonpage 447.
446
VMware, Inc.
Glossary
HK
headless
Describesaprogramthatrunsinthebackgroundwithoutanyinterfaceconnected
toit.Arunningvirtualmachinethathasnoconsoleconnectionsisrunning
headless.
hostonlynetworking
Atypeofnetworkconnectionbetweenavirtualmachineandthehost.Under
hostonlynetworking,avirtualmachineisconnectedtothehostonaprivate
network,whichnormallyisnotvisibleoutsidethehost.Multiplevirtualmachines
configuredwithhostonlynetworkingonthesamehostareonthesamenetwork.
Seealsobridgednetworking,customnetworking,networkaddresstranslation
(NAT).
hostmachine
ThephysicalcomputeronwhichtheVMwareWorkstationsoftwareisinstalled.It
hoststheVMwareWorkstationvirtualmachines.
hostoperatingsystem
Anoperatingsystemthatrunsonthehostmachine.Seealsoguestoperating
system.
independentdisk
Atypeofvirtualdiskthatisnotaffectedbysnapshots.Youcanconfigure
independentdisksinpersistentandnonpersistentmodes.Seealsononpersistent
mode,persistentmode,snapshot.
LM
LANsegment
Aprivatevirtualnetworkthatisavailableonlytovirtualmachineswithinthesame
team.Seealsovirtualnetwork,team.
linkedclone
Acopyoftheoriginalvirtualmachinethatsharesthevirtualdiskswiththe
originalvirtualmachineinanongoingmanner.Seealsofullclone.
lockout
Seeadministrativelockout.
NO
networkaddresstranslation(NAT)
Atypeofnetworkconnectionthatallowsyoutoconnectyourvirtualmachinesto
anexternalnetworkwhenyouhaveonlyoneIPnetworkaddress,andthataddress
isusedbythehostcomputer.IfyouuseNAT,yourvirtualmachinedoesnothave
itsownIPaddressontheexternalnetwork.Instead,aseparateprivatenetworkis
VMware, Inc.
447
setuponthehostcomputer.Yourvirtualmachinegetsanaddressonthatnetwork
fromtheVMwarevirtualDHCPserver.TheVMwareNATdevicepassesnetwork
databetweenoneormorevirtualmachinesandtheexternalnetwork.Itidentifies
incomingdatapacketsintendedforeachvirtualmachineandsendsthemtothe
correctdestination.
NewVirtualMachinewizard
Apointandclickinterfaceforconvenient,easycreationofavirtualmachine
configuration.Itcreatesfilesthatdefinethevirtualmachine,includingavirtual
machineconfigurationfileand(optionally)avirtualdiskorphysicaldiskfile.See
alsovirtualmachinesettingseditor.
NIC(networkinterfacecard)
Anexpansionboardthatprovidesadedicatedconnectionbetweenacomputer
andanetwork.Alsocalledanetworkadapter.
nonpersistentmode
Adiskmodeinwhichalldiskwritesissuedbysoftwarerunninginsideavirtual
machineappeartobewrittentotheindependentdiskbutareinfactdiscarded
afterthevirtualmachineispoweredoff.Asaresult,avirtualdiskorphysicaldisk
inindependentnonpersistentmodeisnotmodifiedbyactivityinthevirtual
machine.Seealsodiskmode,persistentmode.
parent
Thesourceororiginalvirtualmachinefromwhichyoutakeasnapshotormake
aclone.Afullclonehasnocontinuedlinktoitsparent,butalinkedcloneanda
snapshoteachdependontheparentinanongoingmanner.Ifyoudeletetheparent
virtualmachine,anylinkedcloneorsnapshotbecomespermanentlydisabled.To
preventdeletion,youcancreateatemplatevirtualmachine.Seealsofullclone,
linkedclone,snapshot,template.
persistentmode
Adiskmodeinwhichalldiskwritesissuedbysoftwarerunninginsideavirtual
machineareimmediatelyandpermanentlywrittentoavirtualdiskthathasbeen
configuredasanindependentdisk.Asaresult,avirtualdiskorphysicaldiskin
independentpersistentmodebehaveslikeaconventionaldiskdriveonaphysical
computer.Seealsodiskmode,nonpersistentmode.
physicaldisk
Aharddiskinavirtualmachinethatismappedtoaphysicaldiskdriveora
partitionofadriveonthehostmachine.Aphysicaldiskisalsoreferredtoasaraw
disk.Avirtualmachinesdiskcanbestoredasafileonthehostfilesystemorona
448
VMware, Inc.
Glossary
localharddisk.Whenavirtualmachineisconfiguredtouseaphysicaldisk,
VMwareWorkstationdirectlyaccessesthelocaldiskorpartitionasaphysical
device(notasafileonafilesystem).Itispossibletobootapreviouslyinstalled
operatingsystemonanexistingpartitionwithinavirtualmachineenvironment.
TheonlylimitationisthattheexistingpartitionmustresideonalocalIDEorSCSI
drive.Seealsovirtualdisk.
quickswitchmode
Adisplaymodeinwhichthevirtualmachinesdisplayfillsmostofthescreen.In
thismode,tabsatthetopofthescreenallowyoutoswitchquicklyfromone
runningvirtualmachinetoanother.Seealsofullscreenmode.
rawdisk
Seephysicaldisk.
record/replayfeature
ThisfeatureletsyourecordallofaWorkstation5or6virtualmachinesactivity
overaperiodoftime.UnlikeWorkstationsmoviecapturefeature,the
record/replayfeatureletsyouexactlyduplicatetheoperationsandstateofthe
virtualmachinethroughoutthetimeoftherecording.
redolog
Thefilethatstoreschangesmadetoadiskinallmodesexceptthepersistentand
independentpersistentmodes.Foradiskinnonpersistentmode,theredologfile
isdeletedwhenyoupowerofforresetthevirtualmachinewithoutwritingany
changestothedisk.Youcanpermanentlyapplythechangessavedintheredolog
toadiskinundoablemodesothattheybecomepartofthemaindiskfiles.Seealso
diskmode.
resume
Returnavirtualmachinetooperationfromitssuspendedstate.Whenyouresume
asuspendedvirtualmachine,allapplicationsareinthesamestatetheywerewhen
thevirtualmachinewassuspended.Seealsosuspend.
reverttosnapshot
Revertingtoasnapshotrestoresthestatusoftheactivevirtualmachinetoits
immediateparentsnapshot.Thisparentisrepresentedinthesnapshotmanagerby
thesnapshotappearingtotheimmediateleftoftheYouAreHereicon.SeealsoGo
toSnapshotcommand,snapshotmanager,YouAreHere(icon).
VMware, Inc.
449
sharedfolder
Asharedfolderisafolderonthehostcomputeroronanetworkdriveaccessible
fromthehostcomputerthatcanbeusedbyboththehostcomputerandoneor
morevirtualmachines.Itprovidesasimplewayofsharingfilesbetweenhostand
guestoramongvirtualmachines.InaWindowsvirtualmachine,sharedfolders
appearasfoldersonadesignateddriveletter.InaLinuxorSolarisvirtualmachine,
sharedfoldersappearunderaspecifiedmountpoint.
snapshot
Asnapshotpreservesthevirtualmachinejustasitwaswhenyoutookthat
snapshot.Thisincludeswhetherthevirtualmachinewaspoweredon,powered
off,orsuspended.Ifthevirtualharddisksarenotsettoindependentmode,a
snapshotalsoincludesthestateofthedataonallthevirtualmachinesdisks.
Workstationletsyoutakesnapshotsofavirtualmachineatanytimeandrevertto
thatsnapshotatanytime.Youcantakeasnapshotwhenavirtualmachineis
poweredon,poweredoff,orsuspended.Seealsoindependentdisk.
snapshotmanager
Thesnapshotmanagerisawindowthatallowsyoutotakeactionsonanyofthe
snapshotsandrecordingsassociatedwiththeselectedvirtualmachine.Seealso
record/replayfeature,snapshot.
suspend
Savesthecurrentstateofarunningvirtualmachine.Toreturnasuspendedvirtual
machinetooperation,youusetheresumefeature.Seealsoresume.
TU
team
Agroupofvirtualmachinesthatareconfiguredtooperateasoneobject.Youcan
poweron,poweroff,andsuspendateamwithonecommand.Youcanconfigure
ateamtocommunicateindependentlyofanyothervirtualorrealnetworkby
settingupaLANsegment.SeealsoLANsegment,virtualnetwork.
template
Avirtualmachinethatcannotbedeletedoraddedtoateam.Settingavirtual
machineasatemplateprotectsanylinkedcloneorsnapshotsfrombeingdisabled
inadvertently.Seealsolinkedclone,parent,snapshot.
undoablemode
InVMwareESXServer2.x,adiskmodeinwhichallwriteoperationsissuedby
softwarerunninginsidethevirtualmachinesappeartobewrittentothediskbut
areinfactstoredinatemporaryfile(.REDO)forthedurationofthesession.When
thevirtualmachineispoweredoff,theuserhasthreechoices:permanentlyapply
450
VMware, Inc.
Glossary
allchangestothedisk;discardthechanges,thusrestoringthedisktoitsprevious
state;orkeepthechanges,sothatfurtherchangesfromfuturesessionscanbe
addedtothelog.Seealsodiskmode.
VX
virtualdisk
Afileorsetoffilesappearingasaphysicaldiskdrivetoaguestoperatingsystem.
Thesefilescanbeonthehostmachineoronaremotefilesystem.Whenyou
configureavirtualmachinewithavirtualdisk,youcaninstallanewoperating
systemintothediskfilewithouttheneedtorepartitionaphysicaldiskorreboot
thehost.Seealsophysicaldisk.
virtualhardware
Thedevicesthatmakeupavirtualmachine.Thevirtualhardwareincludesthe
virtualdisk,removabledevicessuchastheDVDROM/CDROMandfloppy
drives,andthevirtualEthernetadapter.Youconfigurethesedeviceswiththe
virtualmachinesettingseditor.Seealsovirtualmachinesettingseditor.
virtualmachine
Avirtualizedx86compatiblePCenvironmentinwhichaguestoperatingsystem
andassociatedapplicationsoftwarecanrun.Multiplevirtualmachinescan
operateonthesamehostmachineconcurrently.
virtualmachineconfiguration
Thespecificationofwhatvirtualdevices(disks,memorysize,etc.)arepresentina
virtualmachineandhowtheyaremappedtohostfilesanddevices.
virtualmachineconfigurationfile
Afilecontainingavirtualmachineconfiguration.ItiscreatedbytheNewVirtual
Machinewizard.ItisusedbyVMwareWorkstationtoidentifyandrunaspecific
virtualmachine.
virtualmachinesettingseditor
Apointandclickeditorusedtoviewandmodifythesettingsofavirtualmachine
afteritsinitialcreation.SeealsoNewVirtualMachinewizard.
virtualnetwork
Anetworkbetweenvirtualmachineswithnodependenceonrealworldhardware
connections.Forexample,youcancreateavirtualnetworkbetweenavirtual
machineandahostthathasnoexternalnetworkconnections.Youcanalsocreate
aLANsegmentforcommunicationsbetweenvirtualmachinesonateam.Seealso
LANsegment,team.
VMware, Inc.
451
virtualnetworkeditor
Apointandclickeditorusedtoviewandmodifythenetworkingsettingsforthe
virtualnetworkscreatedbyVMwareWorkstation.
VMwarePlayer
FreesoftwarethatenablesPCuserstoeasilyrunanyvirtualmachineona
WindowsorLinuxPC.VMwarePlayerrunsvirtualmachinescreatedbyVMware
Workstation,VMwareServer,orESXServerandalsosupportsMicrosoftvirtual
machinesandSymantecBackupExecSystemRecoverydiskformats.
VMwareTools
Asuiteofutilitiesanddriversthatenhancestheperformanceandfunctionalityof
yourguestoperatingsystem.KeyfeaturesofVMwareToolsincludesomeorallof
thefollowing,dependingonyourguestoperatingsystem:anSVGAdriver,a
mousedriver,theVMwareToolscontrolpanelandsupportforsuchfeaturesas
sharedfolders,draganddrop,shrinkingvirtualdisks,timesynchronizationwith
thehost,VMwareToolsscripts,andconnectinganddisconnectingdeviceswhile
thevirtualmachineisrunning.Seealsodraganddrop,sharedfolder.
YZ
452
YouAreHere(icon)
Aspecialiconappearinginthesnapshotmanagerthatindicatesthecurrentstatus
oftheactivevirtualmachine.Thiscanbeimportantwhendecidingwhetherto
revertto,orgotoasnapshot.Seealsosnapshotmanager,reverttosnapshot,Goto
Snapshotcommand.
VMware, Inc.
Index
Numerics
3D support 322
A
About tab
VMware Tools 139
VMware Workstation 50
ACPI 405
ACPI S1 sleep feature 405
adapter
host virtual adapters 289
in promiscuous mode on a Linux
host 305
virtual Ethernet 284
address
assigning IP 293
assigning MAC manually 297
IP in virtual machine 92
IP on virtual network 291
MAC 296
network address translation 306
using DHCP to assign 291
administrative lockout 391
AMD Athlon 64 processor 32, 45
AMD Opteron processor 32, 45
AMD Sempron processor 32, 45
AMD Turion 64 processor 32
AMD Turion processor 45
appliance view for virtual machines 170
assign
IP address 291
network port number in NAT 313
VMware, Inc.
B
background, running virtual machines
in 25, 86, 243
bandwidth
controlling, in team networks 256
LAN segment 270
battery information, reporting in
guest 160
BIOS
file in virtual machine 110
provided in virtual machine 38
.bmp files for screen captures 183
bridged networking
configuring options 285
defined 445
browser
and appliance views 170
configuring on Linux host 53
BSD
supported 32-bit guest operating
systems 44
supported 64-bit guest operating
systems 44
BT/KT-958 drivers 93
BusLogic 39, 93, 359, 366
453
C
capacity, disk 198, 211
capture
screenshot 183
snapshot of virtual machine 227
virtual machine activity 239
CD
adding drive to virtual machine 213
CD-ROM image file 39
.cfg file 112
change
team name 259
virtual machine name 78
Change Version wizard 62
changing the JVM path 422
clock
real-time on Linux host 53
synchronize guest and host 136
clone
creating clone in New Team
wizard 257, 262
creating in Clone Virtual Machine
wizard 249
enable template mode 253
full 248
full clone of linked clone 251
full clones and snapshots 249
IP address 251
linked 248
linked clone of linked clone 251
MAC address 251
MAC address and UUID 247
moving linked clones 193
network identity 251
overview 247
snapshot (for linked clone) 252
snapshot of linked clone 252
static IP address 251
virtual machine in a team 271
454
Index
D
DDNS 299
debugging
attaching to processes in a virtual
machine 426, 443
starting applications in virtual machine without 426
starting in a virtual machine 425,
442
default scripts for VMware Tools 138
defragmenting virtual disks 201
defragmenting virtual disks, before
shrinking 202
deleting
configurations 425
recordings of virtual machine
activity 246
snapshots 235
virtual machines 156
destinations for imported virtual
machines 105
device drivers
for generic SCSI devices 365
for USB support 356
VMware Tools 114
devices
adding a generic SCSI device 361,
362
adding, configuring, removing 181
VMware, Inc.
455
disk
See also virtual disk
DMA and performance 382, 383
IDE drive supported in host 33
IDE drives in virtual machine 39
IDE optical drive supported in
host 33
independent 232
performance 376, 377
SCSI drive supported in host 33
SCSI optical drive supported in
host 33
size 198, 211
space required on host
computer 33
.vmdk virtual disk file 110, 111
disk caching 371
display
color depth 321
fitting window to virtual
machine 165
full screen 158
multiple monitor 162
switching virtual machines 159
Display tab in preferences editor 165
DMA, and disk performance 382
DMZ 256
DNS 307
downgrading virtual machines 25, 61
drag and drop 171, 446
dragging and dropping files between host
and guest 171
drive supported in host 33
driver
SCSI 360
sound 327
drives
See also disk
tape 359, 365
456
E
Eclipse
installing the Workstation plug-in
for 49
integrated debugger for 23, 169
education services 19
EHCI controller 40
EM64T processor 32, 45
enhanced virtual keyboard 343
Ethernet adapter
adding to virtual machine 284
for teams 268
promiscuous mode on a Linux
host 305
virtual network adapters 276
Ethernet switches 41
F
Favorites list
and teams 263
creating folders in 77
defined 446
hiding 157
overview 75
pictured 75
removing virtual machines from 77
files
BIOS in virtual machine 110
redo log 111
Samba and file sharing on a Linux
host 318
VMware, Inc.
Index
G
gated host network 297
global configuration file 397
VMware, Inc.
graphics
See also display
support in virtual machine 39, 321
guest
autofit 165
defined 22
fit 166
guest operating system
defined 446
installing 97
support for 64-bit 45
supported 41
supported FreeBSD 32-bit 44
supported FreeBSD 64-bit 44
supported Linux 32-bit 43
supported Linux 64-bit 43
supported MS-DOS 42
supported Solaris 32-bit 44
supported Solaris 64-bit 44
upgrades 99
Windows 32-bit 42
Windows 64-bit 42
GUID Partition Table (GPT) disks 104
H
Hardware tab in virtual machine settings
editor 83
headless virtual machines (run in the
background) 25, 86, 243
help
configuring Web browser for 53
host
defined 22
hard disk space required 33
operating system, defined 447
optical drives supported 33
system requirements 32
host computer 447
host virtual adapters 289
457
in virtual machine 92
static 292
IP forwarding 295
IP packet forwarding
disabling 294
ISO image file 39, 213, 215
J
JVM
automatically selected 422
changing the path 422
I
ICMP 308
IDE
drive supported in host 33
drives in virtual machine 39
optical drive supported in host 33
IDE (integrated development
environment) plug-ins 23, 169
IDESCSI, setting up virtual disk as 199
image file
floppy 39, 216
ISO 39, 213, 215
importing virtual machines 24, 100, 102
independent disk 232
install
guest operating system 97
on Linux host 53
on Windows host 48
silent 51, 122
software in a virtual machine 168
VMware Tools 115
integrated virtual debuggers 23, 169
Intel EM64T processor 32, 45
Iomega
parallel port zip drives 334
IP address
assigning 293
clone 251
458
K
kbps, for LAN segment 270
kernel
paravirtual, support for 386
upgrades, and Workstation 55
key code mapping 348
keyboard
enhanced virtual, on Windows 343
language keymaps for VNC
clients 345
mapping on a Linux host 346
shortcuts 87
USB 359
keysym
defined 347
mapping 349
knowledge base, VMware 16
KT-958 93
L
LAN segment
and teams 266
changing name 269
deleting 270
setting bandwidth 270
setting Kbps 270
setting packet loss 270
VMware, Inc.
Index
VMware, Inc.
M
MAC address
and clones 247
assigning manually 297
clone 251
of virtual Ethernet adapter 296
map
key code 348
keyboard 346
keysym 349
mapped drives, for virtual disks 180
master boot record (MBR) disks 104
memory
amount required on host 33
available in virtual machine 39
more than 1GB on a Linux host 370
setting size 374
swapping, to disk 376
virtual machine memory size 374
memory trimming 376
MIDI 327
migrate
virtual disks to the latest
version 119
virtual machine 61, 193
mode
full screen 158, 446
quick switch 159, 449
modifier keys 398
monitors
specifying the number of 162
using multiple 162
mouse
driver, installed by VMware
Tools 114
USB 359
movie capture 183
moving a virtual machine 190
MP3 327
459
MS-DOS 42
multiple monitors, using 162
Mylex 39, 93, 359, 366
N
name
changing team name 259
changing virtual machine name 78
named pipe 336, 338, 339, 342
NAT
advanced configuration 309
and DHCP 307
and DNS 307
and the host computer 307
defined 447
external access from a NAT
network 308
on virtual network 278, 306
port forwarding 313, 314, 318
sample configuration file for Linux
host 317
selecting IP addresses 291
specifying connection from port below 1024 310
when creating a virtual machine 92
NAT.conf 311, 317
NetLogon 314
NetWare, Novell 44, 132, 139
network
adding and modifying virtual Ethernet adapters 284
automatic bridging 285
bridged networking 445
changing DHCP settings 287
changing subnet settings 287
changing the configuration 284
components 275
configuring bridged networking
options 285
custom networking 445
460
DHCP 291
DHCP server 275
dial-up connection 295
dynamic domain name service 299
hardware address 296
host virtual network mapping 286,
287
host-only 279, 447
host-only subnet 291
identity, clone 251
IP forwarding 295
IP packet leaks 293, 295
locking out access to settings 391
MAC address 296
NAT 278, 306, 447
NAT as firewall 314
NAT subnet 291
overview of virtual network
options 274
packet filtering 295
promiscuous mode on a Linux
host 305
routing between two host-only
networks 304
Samba 318
second bridged network on a Linux
host 299
switch 275
token ring 278
two host-only networks 300
virtual DHCP server 279, 280
virtual Ethernet adapter 276
virtual network editor 285, 289,
292, 452
virtual switch 275
virtualizing in a team 256
network address translation
See NAT
New Virtual Machine wizard 79, 95,
197, 448
VMware, Inc.
Index
O
Open Enterprise Server 44
operating system
32-bit Windows host 34
64-bit Windows host 35
FreeBSD 32-bit guest 44
FreeBSD 64-bit guest 44
guest 446
host, defined 447
installing guest 97
Linux 32-bit guest 43
Linux 32-bit host 35
Linux 64-bit guest 43
Linux 64-bit host 37
MS-DOS guest 42
Solaris 32-bit guest 44
Solaris 64-bit guest 44
support for 64-bit guest 45
Windows 32-bit guest 42
Windows 64-bit 42
Opteron processor 32, 45
optical drive supported in host 33
Options tab
virtual machine settings editor 84
VMware Tools 136
VMware, Inc.
P
P2V (physical-to-virtual) conversion 24,
100
packet
filtering 295
leaks 293, 295
packet loss, configuring, for LAN
segments 270
page sharing 377
parallel ports
and Iomega zip drives 334
and the Linux kernel 331
configuring on a Linux host 330
in a virtual machine 329
installing in virtual machines 329
paravirtualized kernels in Linux
guests 386
parent
clone template 252
linked clone 252
snapshot 228
passwords
and administrative lockout 391
removing forgotten password 392
performance
CD-ROM drive polling 373
debugging mode 380
disk options 382
DMA and disks 382, 383
guest operating system
selection 379
memory usage 374
process scheduling on a Windows
host 373
remote disk access 377
using the Windows Performance
console 388
performance monitoring 388
461
physical disk
adding physical disks 207
capacity 200
defined 448
storing virtual disks on 200
using in a virtual machine 200
ping 308
pipe, named 336, 338, 339, 342
plug-ins, IDE 23, 169
.png files for screen captures 183
port
TCP and UDP below 1024 310
VNC 185
port forwarding 313, 314, 318
Power menu
disable functions 392
using, for teams 266
power off
snapshot options 238
team 264
Power Off button 154
power on
a virtual machine 150
team 264
Powered On list 78
preferences
display 165
hot keys 344
setting, for Workstation 81
workspace 82
processor
host requirement 32
provided in virtual machine 38
supported for 64-bit guest 32, 45
promiscuous mode 305
properties
setting post-debug event 441
setting pre-debug event 441
setting virtual machine 440
462
Q
quick switch mode 159, 449
quiet mode, install VMware Tools 122
R
RAM
amount required on host 33
available in virtual machine 39
raw disk
See physical disk
Real Media 327
real-time clock requirement on Linux
host 53
record/replay feature 239, 242
.REDO file 111
redo-log file 111
registration 17
remote connections to a virtual
machine 184
RemoteDisplay.vnc.keyMap
property 345
removing
a virtual disk 206
devices from a virtual machine 182
Workstation 2 or 3 58
repairing VMware Tools installations 133
Replay Last Recording button 242
Replay toolbar 243
reporting problems to VMware 17
Reset button 155
resizing
Linux guests 166
Solaris guests 167
restricted user interface 392
resume
defined 449
team 265
virtual machine 225
reverting to snapshot 236, 237
VMware, Inc.
Index
routing
between host-only networks 304
host only 297
RPM installer for VMware
Workstation 54
S
Samba
and file sharing on a Linux host 318
modifying configuration for
Workstation 318
on both bridged and host-only
networks 319
scan code 346
scanner 359
screen colors
for VNC clients 185
setting, for virtual machines 321
screen modes
full screen 158
quick switch 159
screen resolution 167
screenshot capture 183
scripts
enabling, disabling, and
running 137, 141
running during power state
changes 141
Scripts tab
VMware Tools 137
SCSI 33
adding a generic SCSI device 361,
362, 366
avoiding concurrent access on a
Linux host 365
connecting to generic 359
devices in virtual machine 39
driver for Windows NT guest 360
driver for Windows Server 2003
guest 360
VMware, Inc.
463
shrink
virtual disks 139, 153, 202, 203
virtual disks in Netware 140
Shrink tab, VMware Tools 139
shrinking virtual disks
See virtual disk, shrinking
Sidebar panel 75
silent install 122
size
disk 198, 211
virtual disk 39
virtual machine window 165
sleep, ACPI 405
SMP
See virtual SMP
snapshot
and Workstation 4 virtual
machines 239
as background activity 231
defined 450
disabling 237
disabling menu functions 392
excluding virtual disks from 232
files 111
full clones 249
linear process 227
linked clone 252
of linked clone 252
parent 228
power-off options 238
process tree 228
restoring 236
reverting to 236
reverting to at power off 237
taking 235
team 271
understanding 227
using 227
snapshot manager 233
464
Solaris
resizing guests 167
supported 32-bit guest operating
systems 44
supported 64-bit guest operating
systems 44
VMware Tools for 129
sound
configuring 327
drivers for Windows 9x and NT
guests 327
Sound Blaster 327
support in guest 41
.spf file, importing 100
starting
applications in a virtual machine
without debugging 426
debugging session in a virtual
machine 425, 442
session in a virtual machine without
debugging 442
starting Workstation 66
static IP addresses
clone 251
range of 307
status bar
hide 157
.std file 111
StorageCraft images, importing 100
subnet
changing settings 287
in NAT configuration 291
on host-only network 291
Sun Solaris
supported 32-bit guest operating
systems 44
supported 64-bit guest operating
systems 44
support scripts, running 17
VMware, Inc.
Index
suspend
defined 450
files 111
team 265
virtual machine 225
.sv2i file, importing 100
switch
virtual network 275
workspaces in Linux guest 344
symmetric multiprocessing
See virtual SMP
system requirements 32
display 33
memory 33
PC hardware 32
T
tabs
hide 157
in Preferences dialog box 82
in VMware Tools control panel 135
virtual machine 67
Take Recording dialog box 243
tape drive 359, 365
.tar file 128
tar installer for VMware Workstation 54
team
adding virtual machine to 262
and Favorites list 263
and LAN segments 266
cloning virtual machine from 271
closing 258
creating clone in New Team
wizard 257, 262
deleting 259
Ethernet adapters for 268
name change 259
network 256
new 257
VMware, Inc.
U
UHCI controller 40
uninstalling
host virtual adapters 289
VMware Tools 134
Workstation on Linux host 56
Workstation on Windows host 52
updates, checking for Workstation 78
upgrade
guest operating systems 99
Linux kernel, reconfiguring Workstation after upgrade 55
on Linux host 60
on Windows host 59
465
V
version information for Workstation 139
version, changing virtual machine 25,
61
VGA 167
virtual adapter
host virtual adapters 289
466
virtual disk
See also disk
adding to virtual machine 204, 206
allocating disk space 94
defined 198, 451
defragmenting 201
defragmenting before shrinking 202
IDE, size 39
legacy 222
mapping drives to 180
migrating 119
setting up as IDE or SCSI 199
shrinking 139, 153, 202, 203
shrinking in Netware 140
shrinking with Virtual Disk Manager
size 39
storing on physical disks 200
using in a new virtual machine 90
Virtual Disk Manager 216
.vmdk file 110, 111
Virtual Disk Manager 216
virtual hardware
CPU issues 108
disk device issues 108
ethernet adapter issues 108
graphics card issues 108
virtual keyboard 343
virtual machine 83
adding a virtual disk 204, 206
adding floppy drive 214
adding or modifying an Ethernet
adapter 284
adding physical disk 207
adding to team 262
and SMP 367
cloning from team 271
constituent files 110
converting 24, 100
creating 89, 113
VMware, Inc.
Index
VMware, Inc.
virtual SMP
moving SMP virtual machines 368
using 367
virtual switch 275
virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing
See virtual SMP
VirtualCenter
and Virtual Disk Manager 217
Visual Studio
installing the Workstation plug-in
for 49
Visual Studio, integrated debugger
for 23, 169
VIX API 24
.vmc file, importing 100
.vmdk file 110, 111
.vmem file 111
VMI (Virtual Machine Interface) enabled
kernels 386
VMnet1 299
VMnet8 306
vmrun 409
.vmsd file 111
.vmsn file 111
.vmss file 111
.vmtm file 111
VMware community forums 16
vmware-config.pl 54
VMware Converter 24, 100, 102
VMware Player
running 194
sharing virtual machines with 194
VMware Tools
About tab 139
automated install 122
command-line interface 146
configuring 134
configuring in a Netware virtual
machine 139
467
W
.wav file 327
window
autofit 165
fit 166
window size 165, 167
Windows
32-bit guest operating systems 42
64-bit guest operating systems 42
uninstalling on Windows host 52
upgrading on Windows host 59
upgrading to Windows Vista 59
VMware Tools for 118
Windows 95 sound driver 327
Windows 98 sound driver 327
Windows NT
SCSI driver for guest 360
sound driver 327
Windows Server 2003
SCSI driver for guest 360
VMware, Inc.
Index
Windows XP
installing guest operating system 99
SCSI driver for guest 360
wizard
Add New Hardware 182
New Team 257
New Virtual Machine 79, 95, 198,
448
Workspace tab in preferences editor 82
workspaces
location of 82
switching in Linux guest 344
Workstation
checking for updates for 78
serial number for 50
starting 66
write caching 371
X
X server and keyboard mapping 346
X toolkit options 408
xFree86 and keyboard mapping 346
Z
zip drives
disconnecting 358
on a parallel port 334
VMware, Inc.
469
470
VMware, Inc.