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Li ni u
in nng l mt dng nng lng ph bin v c tm quan trng khng th
thiu c trong bt k mt lnh vc no ca nn kinh t quc dn ca mi t
nc. Nh chng ta xc nh v thng k c rng khong 70% in nng
c sn xut ra dng trong cc x nghip, nh my cng nghip. Vn t ra
cho chng ta l sn xut ra c in nng lm th no cung cp in cho
cc ph ti in cho hiu qu, tin cy. V vy cung cp in cho cc nh my, x
nghip cng nghip c mt ngha to ln i vi nn kinh t quc dn.
Nhn v phng din quc gia th vic m bo cung cp in mt cch lin tc
v tin cy cho ngnh cng nghip tc l m bo cho nn kinh t ca quc gia
pht trin lin tc v tin kp vi s pht trin ca nn khoa hc cng ngh th
gii.
Nu ta nhn v phng din sn xut v tiu th in nng th cng nghip l
ngnh tiu th nng lng nhiu nht. V vy cung cp in v s dng in
nng hp l trong lnh vc ny s c tc dng trc tip n vic khai thc mt
cch hiu qu cng sut ca cc nh my pht in v s dng hiu qu lng
in nng c sn xut ra.
Mt phng n cung cp in hp l l phi kt hp mt cch hi ho cc yu
cu v kinh t, tin cy cung cp in, an ton cao, ng thi phi m
bo tnh lin tc cung cp in, tin li cho vic vn hnh, sa cha khi hng hc
v phi m bo c cht lng in nng nm trong phm vi cho php. Hn
na l phi thun li cho vic m rng v pht trin trong tng lai.
Vi ti:
thit k cung cp in cho nh my sn xut my ko
phn no gip em lm quen dn vi vic thit k ti tt nghip sau ny.
Trong thi gian lm bi, vi s c gng ca bn thn, ng thi vi s gip
ca cc thy c gio trong b mn h thng in v c bit c s gip tn
tnh ca thy : Phan ng Khi em hon thnh tt bi tp di ca mnh. Song
do thi gian lm bi khng nhiu, kin thc cn hn ch, nn bi lm ca em
khng trnh khi nhng thiu st. Do vy em knh mong nhn c s gp ,
ch bo ca cc thy cc c em c c nhng kinh nghim chun b cho cng
vic sau ny.
Em xin chn thnh cm n thy Phan ng Khi cng ton th thy c gio
trong b mn.
H Ni, Ngy 23/06/2006
Sinh Vin
o Hi
Trang 1
mc lc
Li ni u
Trang
Chng I. Gii thiu chung v nh my
I. Gii thiu chung v nh my ........................................................................................3
II. Ni dung tnh ton thit k ..........................................................................................7
Chng II. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton
I. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho phn xng sa cha c kh ........................................8
1. Phn nhm ph ti ca phn xng sa cha c kh....................................................8
2. Tnh ph ti tnh ton cho cc nhm thit b trong phn xng ................................10
II. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho nh my ................................................................... 16
1. Tnh ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng trong nh my ....................................... 16
2. Ph ti tnh ton ca ton nh my ............................................................................19
Chng III. Thit k mng in cao p cho ton nh my
I. Ngun in ................................................................................................................. 20
II / Biu ph ti ca ton nh my............................................................................ 20
III / Cc phng n cung cp in cho cc phn xng.................................................22
IV/ So snh k thut v kinh t cho cc phng n29
1. Phng n I..29
2. Phng n II34
3. Phng n III...36
4. Phng n IV.40
V. Thit k chi tit cho phng n c chn
1. Chn ng y t h thng in v TPPTT..42
2. S d trm phn phi trung tm...43
3. Tnh ton ngn mch v la chn cc thit b in..43
4. S trm bin p phn xng...47
Chng IV. Thit k mng in h p cho phn xng xa cha c kh
I. Gii thiu chung...49
II. La chn cc phng n cp in.
III. La chn cc thit b cho t phn phi
3.1. Chn cp t trm bin p phn xng v t phn phi ca phn xng..50
3.2. Chn t phn phi cho phn xng
3.3. La chn MCCB cho t phn phi
3.4. Chn cp t t phn phi n t ng lc
IV. Tnh ton ngn mch h p52
V. La chn cc thit b trong cc t ng lc v dy dn n cc thit b ca cc phn
xng54
Chng V. Tnh ton b cng sut phn khng nng cao h s
cng sut cos cho nh my
I. t vn 58
II. Xc nh v phn phi dung lng b.
2.1. Xc nh dung lng b...59
2.2. Phn phi dung lng b cho cc trm bin p phn xng59
Chng VI. Thit k h thng chiu sng chung cho phn xng
Trang 2
sa cha c kh
I. t vn .61
II. La chn s lng v cng sut ca h thng n chiu sng chung.63
III. Thit k mng in chiu sng..63
Ti liu tham kho

1. TL1-Thit k cp in, Ng Hng Quang, V Vn Tm- Nh xut bn khoa hc k
thut
2. TL2-Cung cp in, Ch bin Nguyn Xun Ph- Nh xut bn khoa hc k thut2005
3. Ngn mch v t dy trong h thng in, TS.Phm Vn Ho- Nh xut bn Khoa
hc k thut-2004.
Trang 3
Chng I
Gii thiu chung v nh my
I. Gii thiu chung v nh my
1.1. Gii thiu cc quy trnh cng ngh trong nh my
Ngy nay vi s pht trin khng ngng ca cc nghnh khoa hc k thut v vy s
pht trin ca nghnh cng nghip in l v cng cn thit v khng th thiu c. Bt
k mt quc gia no cng c nhng t hp, nhng khu cng nghip, khu ch xut m
c nhng nh my sn xut nh : nh my dt, nh my thp, nh my sn xut t, my
ko . Cc nh my ny i hi cung cp cho chng mt lng in nng rt ln.
Nh my sn xut my ko l mt nh my m n phc v cho cc nghnh khc ca
mt quc gia nh : giao thng vn ti,nng nghip.do vy n tng i quan trng
trong nn cng nghip. Vi mt quy trnh cng ngh ch yu l sn xut, sa cha cc
chi tit thit b, ph tng cho my ko. Do , vic cung cp in cho nh my phi ph
hp vi vi h thng in khu vc v pht trin da theo quy lut chung ca nn kinh t.
Quy trnh cng ngh ca nh my gi mt v tr tng i quan trng trong nn cng
nghip v nng nghip ca mt t nc. Chnh v iu ny m mc tin cy cung cp
in cho nh my cng c mt tm quan trng. Tuy nhin khi ngng cung cp in th
ch dn n hin tng ngng tr sn xut v lng ph lao ng v thit hi n kinh t v
sn phm b hng. Do nh my thuc h tiu th loi II v III.
1.2 Ph ti ca nh my
Ph ti ca nh my c nhiu loi ph ti khc nhau. Mi ph ti c mt c im
ring v cc ch tiu xc nh iu kin lm vic khc nhau , i hi khi cung cp in ta
phi tho mn :
* Cng sut nh mc v di cng sut ca ton nh my
* in p nh mc v di tn s
in p nh mc ca ph ti ton nh my phi ph hp vi in p ca h thng in
v tng t tn s ca cc thit b in trong nh my cng phi ph hp vi tn s ca
h thng in.
+ in p 3 pha 127/220V ; 220/380V cung cp cho i b phn cc thit b trong nh
my vi cc tn s cng nghip l 50 Hz.
+ in p 110V 220V cung cp cho h thng chiu sng gm cc bng n 110V
220V vi tn s cng nghip 50 Hz.
1.3. Yu cu v cung cp in lin tc
Hu ht cc ph ti tiu th in trong nh my thuc h loi II do tuy c tm quan
trng tng i ln nhng khi ngng cung cp in n ch dn n thit hi v kinh t do
h hng sn phm, ngng tr sn xut v lng ph lao ng V vy nh my c th
ch cn cung cp bng mt ngun in nhng cng c th l hai ngun in. ng thi
cho php ngng cp in khi ng ngun d tr bng tay. Trong nh my cc h loi II
chim 80% cc ph ti tiu th.
i vi cc h chiu sng, nh kho, phng lm vic, thit k trong nh my l cc h
tiu th loi III do vy mc tin cy cung cp in thp hn nn cho php mt in trong
khong thi gian mt ngy m. Cc h ny c thit k mt ngun cung cp v n chim
20 % ph ti ca ton nh my.
Trang 4
1.4. Cc thng s ca nh my
Hnh 1.1 S mt bng nh my s 6.
mt bng
n xng
n l v phng thit k
ng c kh s 1
ut t
Trang 5
ng c kh s 2
ng luyn kim mu
ng luyn kim en
ng sa cha c kh
nh ton
ng rn
ng nhit luyn
n nn kh
t liu
ng phn xng
n tch
Bng 1.1. Ph ti ca nh my
u trn mt
t b
ut (kW)
B phn c ng
a kiu ai
bn
tay
i th
oan ng
o ngang
c
i trn vn nng
ay rng
ay vn nng
n ren
n ren
n ren
n ren
n ren
n ren
B phn lp rp
oan ng
c
rp
oan bn
cn bng tnh
tay
c tng nhit
Trang 6
o
m nc nng
m Natri Hidroxit
i th
B phn hn hi
n ct lin hp
hn
i ph
rn
tay
oan ng
n
nh du
B phn sa cha in
m dung dch kim

m nc nng
vt liu cch in
tay
n dy
n dy
m tm c tng nhit
oan bn
cn bng tnh
i th
nghim thit b in
B phn c ng
c tay n
du m
luyn khun
nu chy babit
m thic
babit
c ng
oan bn
n
n cc tm mng
i ph
n im
Bung np in
Trang 7
p acquui
thit b
u Selenmium
Bng 1.2. Cc thit b in ca phn xng sa cha c kh
II. Ni dung tnh ton thit k
* Gii thiu chung v nh my.
* Xc nh ph ti tnh ton.
* Thit k mng cao p cho ton nh my
* Thit k mng h p cho phn xng sa cha c kh
* Tnh ton ngn mch v kim tra thit b
* Tnh b cng sut phn khng
* Thit k chiu sng.
Chng II
Xc nh ph ti tnh ton
Trong thit k cung cp in th ph ti tnh ton l s liu rt quan trng. V nh c ph
ti tnh ton ta mi c th chn c cc thit b in : MBA, dy dn v cc thit b
ng ct cng nh cc thit b bo v khc , ng thi mi c th tnh c cc tn tht
:in p, tn tht cng sut, tn tht in nng v ta chn c thit b b.
Trang 8
xc nh ph ti tnh ton mt cch chnh xc l rt kh khn v ph ti in ph

thuc vo cc yu t nh : Cng sut, s lng cc thit b v ch vn hnh cng nh
cc quy trnh cng ngh ca thit b trong vn hnh. Nu ta xc nh ph ti tnh ton
khng chnh xc th s xy ra mt s trng hp sau :
+Nu ph ti tnh ton Ptt < Pthct (ph ti thc t) khi s lm gim tui th ca thit
b v khng nhng th c th gy chy n v cc thit b bo v chn khng m bo
c yu cu tc ng khi xy ra s c.
+ Nu ph ti tnh ton Ptt > Pthc t khi s dn n lng ph cho u t vn nhng
khng mang li hiu qu g v kinh t cng nh k thut.
Nh my sn xut my ko l mt nh my ln bao gm nhiu phn xng nh cu
thnh. V vy xc nh c ph ti tnh ton ca nh my ta phi i xc nh ph ti
tnh ton cho cc phn xng sau ta mi xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho ton nh my.
a ra c mt phng php tnh ton ph hp ta cn phi la chn da trn cc
phng php tnh ton c.
I. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho phn xng sa cha c kh
Trc khi xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho ton phn xng ta phn nhm cc ph ti ra v
tnh ton cho cc nhm .
1 / Phn nhm ph ti ca phn xng sa cha c kh
phn nhm ph ti ca phn xng tt ta cn phi tun theo cc nguyn tc chung khi
phn nhm :
+ Cc thit b trong nhm nn c cng ch lm vic.
+ Cc thit b trong nhm nn gn nhau v v tr
+ Tng cng sut ca cc nhm trong phn xng nn chnh lch t .
T nhng nguyn tc phn nhm trn ta phn ra c ph ti trong xng sa cha c kh
ra lm 6 nhm nh trong bng 2-1
Bng 2.1. Phn nhm thit b trong phn xng
t b in trong nhm
u trn mt ut t nh
W)
thit b
a kiu ai
Trang 9
bn
i th
oan ng
II
o ngang
c
i trn vn nng
heo nhm
ay rng
ay vn nng
n ren
n ren
n ren
n ren
n ren
n ren
c
heo nhm
oan ng
oan bn
c tng nhit
o
i th
heo nhm
n ct lin hp
i ph
rn
oan ng
ng theo nhm
m dung dch kim
m nc nng
n dy
n dy
m tm c tng nhit
oan bn
i th
nghim TB
heo nhm
du m
luyn khun
Trang 10
nu chy babit
m thic
heo nhm
c ng
oan bn
n cc tm mng
i ph
n im
u Selenium
heo nhm
2/ Tnh ph ti tnh ton cho cc nhm thit b trong phn xng.
2.1/ Cc phng php tnh ph ti tnh ton
a/ Xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo cng sut t v h s nhu cu
Ph ti tnh ton c xc nh theo cng thc:
(2-1)
Qtt = Ptt.tgtb
(2-2)
Stt = Ptt2 + Qtt2 =
Ptt
cos
(2-3)
Trong :
+ knc : l h s nhu cu
+ Pi :l cng sut t ca thit b th i .
phng php ny ta c cc u nhc im sau:
+ u im : phng php ny n gin, tnh ton nhanh.
+ Nhc im : Phng php ny khng tht chnh xc.
b/ Xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo sut ph ti trn mt n v din tch sn xut
Ph ti tnh ton c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
(2-4)
Ptt = po.F
Trong :
+po: l sut ph ti trn 1m2 din tch sn xut (kW/m2)
+ F: l din tch sn xut m2
i vi phng php ny th kt qu ch gn ng, v vy n thng c dng trong giai
on thit k s b, tnh ph ti cc phn xng c mt my mc sn xut phn b
tng i u.
c / Xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo sut tiu hao in nng cho mt n v sn phm.
Xc nh theo cng thc:
M .a0
Ptt =
(2-5)
Tmax
Trong :
+M : l s n v sn phm c sn xut ra trong mt nm
+a0 : l sut tiu hao in nng cho mt n v sn phm(kWh/n v sn phm)
+ Tmax : l thi gian s dng cng sut ln nht, h
Trang 11
Phng php ny hay c dng cho cc thit b m c th ph ti t bin i vi

kt qu tng i chnh xc.
d Phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton theo h s cc i v cng sut trung bnh (
phng php s thit b hiu qu ).
Phng php ny th ph ti tnh ton c xc nh theo cng thc :
(2-6)
Ptt = kmax. ksd.Pm
Trong ta c:
+ Pm: Cng sut nh mc (kW)
+ ksd, kmax: l h s cc i v h s s dng
Phng php ny c cc bc tnh ton tng i phc tp do vy m kt qu xc
nh ph ti tnh ton ca phng php l tng i chnh xc.
T cc phng php xc nh ph ti tnh ton c nu trn ta thy rng cc
thit b dng in trong phn xng dng in l 380 V, (U< 1000V) do vy ta chn
phng php tnh theo s thit b hiu qu bi v phng php ny cho kt qu tng i
chnh xc.
2.2/ Ni dung chi tit ca phng php h s kmax v cng sut trung bnh Ptb tnh ph ti
tnh ton cho phn xng cho phn xng sa cha c kh.
T cng thc (2-6) :
Ptt = kmax. ksd.Pm
Trong trng hp ny khi tnh ton cho mt nhm thit b th khi cng thc (2-6) s
nh sau :
n
Ptt = k max .k sd . Pdmi

i =1
( 2-7 )
Trong :
+n : l s thit b trong nhm
+Pmi : cng sut nh mc ca thit b th i (kW)
Trong 2 cng thc (2-6) v (2-7) ta thy rng ta cn phi i xc nh h s kmax v ksd
a/Xc nh h s s dng: ksd
H s s dng l t s gia ph ti tc dng trung bnh vi cng sut tc dng nh mc
ca thit b. N ni ln mc s dng ca thit b in trong mt chu k lm vic.
H s ksd c xc nh theo cng thc:
+i vi mt thit b:
P
k sd = tb
(2-8)
Pdm
+ i vi mt nhm c n thit b:
n
k sd
P
= tb =
Pdm
P
i =1
n
tbi
Pdmi
(2-9)
i =1
b/ Xc nh h s cc i kmax
k max =
Ptt
Ptb
(2-10)
Trang 12
H s cc i kmax l t s c xc nh trong khong thi gian ang xt v n thng

c ng vi ca lm vic c ph ti ln nht. H s ny ph thuc vo s thit b hiu qu
v h s ksd, cc yu t c trng cho ch lm vic ca cc thit b trong nhm.
Trn thc t ngi ta tnh kmax theo ng cong kmax= f (nhq,ksd) hoc tra theo bng
PL.1.6.TL1.
c/ Xc nh h s thit b hiu qu (nhq)
S thit b hiu qu nhq l s thit b gi thit c cng cng sut v ch lm vic, chng
i hi ph ti bng ph ti tnh ton ca nhm ph ti thc t (gm cc thit b c ch
lm vic v cng sut khc nhau ).
Xc nh h s thit b hiu qu theo cng thc :
n
nhq =
(Pdmi)2
1
n
(2-1)
(Pdmi)2
1
Khi n >5 th khi ta tnh h s thit b hiu qu theo cng thc (21 ) l phc tp.
Do vy thc t ngi ta tm nhq theo bng tra hoc ng cong cho trc trong ti liu
tham kho.
Tnh nhq theo trnh t sau :
n1
P1
; p* =
n
P
n* =
nhq = n . nhq*
(2-2)
Trong :
+ n : S thit b trong nhm
+ n1:S thit b c cng sut khng nh hn mt na
cng sut ca thit b c cng sut ln nht trong nhm.
+ P , P1 : Tng cng sut ng vi n v n1 thit b.
Sau khi tnh c n* v p* ta s dng bng 3 PL.1.5.TL1 tm nhq*, t tnh nhq theo
cng thc:
nhq=nhq*.n
d/ Xc nh cng sut trung bnh: (ptb)
Ph ti trung bnh l mt c trng tnh ca ph ti trong mt khong thi gian no .
Tng ph ti trung bnh ca cc thit b cho ta cn c vo nh gi gii hn tnh
ton
Ph ti trung bnh c xc nh theo cng thc :
ptb =
P
Q
; qtb =
t
t
i vi mt nhm thit b th:

n
i =1
i =1
Ptb = pi ; Qtb = qi
Trong :
+ P, Q : in nng tiu th trong mt khong
Trang 13
thi gian kho st, kW ,kVAr

+t
: Thi gian kho st, h
Ph ti trung bnh l mt thng s rt quan trng xc nh ph ti tnh ton, tn
tht in nng.
e/ Cc lu khi p dng phng php ny xc nh ph ti tnh ton.
Trong mt s trng hp c th ta c th dng mt s cng thc gn ng sau :
+ Trng hp : n 3 v nhq < 4 khi ph ti tnh ton c xc nh theo cng
thc :
p tt =
i =1
p mi
(2-13)
Ch : Nu trong nhm thit b c cc thit b lm vic ch ngn hn lp li th cc

thit b phi c tnh theo cng thc :
Pd = Pdm %
+ Trng hp : n > 3 v nhq < 4 khi ph ti tnh ton c xc nh theo cng

thc :
n
Ptt = kpti.Pmi
1
( 2-14 )
Trong : kpt l h s ph ti tng my

Ta c th ly nh sau :
kp t= 0,9 i vi thit b lm vic ch di hn
kp t = 0,75 i vi thit b lm vic ch ngn hn lp li
+ Trng hp : nhq > 300 v ksd < 0,5 th h s kmax c ly ng vi
nhq= 300. Nu nhq > 300 v ksd 0,5 th khi
(2-15 )
Ptt = 1,05 . ksd . Pm
+ Trng hp cc thit b c th ph ti bng phng nh : my bm, qut nn
kh..
(2-16)
Ptt=Ptb=ksd . Pm
+ Nu trong mng c cc thit b mt pha th ta phi c gng phn b u cc thit
b ln 3 pha ca mng v tnh ph ti tnh ton cho n theo phng php mt s ph
ti c bit.
Ph ti nh nhn.
L ph ti xut hin trong khong thi gian ngn t 1s2s n dng kim tra dao ng
in p, iu kin t khi ng ca ng c, iu kin lm vic ca cu ch .v chng
c xc nh nh sau :
+ i vi mt my :
(2-17)
I n = Imm =kk . Im
Trong : kk l h s m my.
i vi cc ng c lng sc, dy qun th : kk = 5 n 7
i vi cc l in th : kk 3
i vi my, ng c mt chiu : k k = 2,5
+ i vi mt nhm my :
(2-18)
In = Immmax + ( Itt - ksd . Immax)
Trong :
Immmax : l dng m my ln nht ca thit b trong nhm
Trang 14
Immax : l dng nh mc ca thit b c dng m my ln nht.

2.3/Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho cc nhm thit b ca phn xng sa cha c kh.
a/ Tnh ton cho nhm I
u
t b in trong nhm
ng
ut
h mc (KW)
a kiu ai
bn
i th
oan ng
o ngang
c
i trn vn nng
Bng 2.2. Danh sch thit b nhm I
Tng s thit b ca nhm I : n =7
Tng cng sut ca cc thit b trong nhm: P =17,35 kW
S thit b c cng sut khng nh hn mt na cng sut ca thit b c cng sut ln
nht : n1= 5
Tng cng sut ca n1 thit b l: P1= 15,7 kW
Ta tra bng 2-2 TL2 ta c ksd ly chung cho ton phn xng l ksd = 0,15 v cos =0,6
tg t b=1,33.
+Xc nh : n* v p*
n 5
n* = 1 = = 0,71
n 7
P 15,7
p* = 1 =
= 0,9
P 17,35
Tra bng ta c nhq*= 0,81 nn nhq= nhq* . n = 0,81.7 6 (thit b)
ksd=0,15 v nhq =6 kmax=2,64
Ph ti tnh ton ca nhm I:
n
Pt t= kmax.ksd. Pm =2,64.0,15.17,35 = 6,87 kW

i =1
Qtt=Ptttgtb =6,87.1,33=9,14 kVAr

Stt =
Ptt
6,87
=
= 11,45 kVA
cos
0 .6
Vy dng in tnh ton :

S
11,45
=17,40
Itt = tt =
A
3.Udm 3.0,38
Tnh dng nh nhn ca nhm : p dng cng thc (2-18)
In = 5.11,4 + 0,85.32,54 = 84,66 (A)
Trang 15
Vic tnh ton vi cc nhm cn li c tin hnh hon ton tng t. Kt qu ghi trong
bng 2.3.
Ar
Bng 2.3. Ph ti tnh ton ca PXSCCK

2.4/ Tnh ton cng sut chiu sng ca phn xng sa cha c kh.
Cng sut chiu sng c xc nh theo cng thc:
(2-22)
Pttcs =p0.F
Trong :
p0: Sut chiu sng. Tra theo bng PL1.2.TL1
F: l din tch phn xng
Trong phn xng xa cha c kh h thng chiu sng s dng n si t, tra ti liu
vi phn xng sa cha c kh ta c p0=150020W/m2
Pttcs =p0.F =15.1100 = 16,5 kW
Qttcs =Pttcs.tgcs=0 (n si t coscs=1)
2.5/ Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca ton phn xng.
Ph ti tc dng ca phn xng:
6
Pt tlpx = kt Pttni
(2-20)
= 1. 82,76 = 82,76
Ph ti phn khng ca phn xng:
6
Qttlpx= kt Qttni
(2-21)
=1.110,08 = 110,08 kVA

Ph ti tnh ton phn ca ton phn xng k c chiu sng.
Stt = ( Ppx + Pcs ) 2 + Q 2 px = (82,76 + 16,5) 2 + 110,08 2 = 148,22 kVA
II. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton cho ton nh my
1/Tnh ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng trong nh my.
V khi thit k cc phn xng cn li ca nh my khng c nhng s liu chi tit, c
th nn ph ti ng lc ca cc phn xng ny c xc nh theo phng php h s
nhu cu.
phng php ny c u im: tnh ton n gin, thun tin nhng tri li n li khng
t chnh xc cao.
p dng phng php nh sau :
Cng thc tnh ton ph ti tc dng ng lc:
(2-23)
Pttdlpx=knc.P
Trang 16
Qttdlpx =Pttdlpx.tgt b
(2-24)
Trong :
+Pttdlpx: cng sut tc dng ng lc ca phn xng
+Qttdlpx: cng sut phn khng ng lc ca phn xng
+knc: h s nhu cu(trong ti liu)
+P: cng sut t ca cc phn xng
+tgt b: c xc nh t costb m costb c xc nh cng vi knc.
Cng sut biu kin c xc nh theo cng thc :
Ptttl
2
2
S ttpx = Pttdlpx
+ Qttdlpx
=
(2-25)
cos tb
dng in tnh ton c xc nh theo cng thc :
Sttpx
I tt =
(2-26)
U dm . 3
a/ Ta tnh ph ti tnh ton ng lc cho ban qun l v phng thit k
Cng sut t: 80 kW
Din tch: 1255 m2
Tra bng PL 1.3.TL1 ta c: knc= 0,7; cost b= 0,7 tgt b= 1,02
Tra bng ta tm c sut chiu sng p0 = 20 W/m2, y ta s dng n hunh quang c
coscs=0,95, tgcs=0,33
Cng sut tnh ton ng lc:
Pl=knc.P=0,7. 80 = 56 kW
Qdl= Pl.tgcs= 1,02 . 56 = 57,12 kW
Cng sut tnh ton chiu sng:
Pcs= p0.F=20.1255 = 25,1 kW
Qcs = Pcs.tg cs =25,1.0,33 = 8,28 kVAr
Cng sut tnh ton tc dng ca phn xng:
Ptt=Pl+ Pcs= 56+ 25,1 = 81,1 kW
Cng sut tnh ton phn khng ca phn xng:
Qtt = Ql + Qcs= 57,12 + 8,28 = 65,4 kVAr
Cng sut tnh ton ton phn ca phn xng:
Stt = Ptt2 + Qtt2 = 81,12 + 65,42 = 104,18 kVA

Itt =
104,18
= 158,29 A
3.0,38
b/ Cc phn xng cn li c tnh hon ton tng t, kt qu ghi trong bng.
Trang 17
10
Trang 18
Tng
0,6
0,7
0,6
0,8
2500
2100
3500
1700
60
PX luyn kim
en
4500
1100
3200
PSSCCK
PX rn
PX nhit luyn
3750
B phn nn1750
kh
Kho vt liu3850
27230
0,6
PX luyn kim
mu 1800
2500
20
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
15
0,7
0,6
0,6
0,7
0,7
0,6
0,6
0,8
0,7
0,9
0,95
p0 W/m2 coscs
Cos
Cng sut L
Pttpx
kW
0
0
0
19,06
48
56,25
26,25
57,75
27,34
16,5
418,7
8,28
67,5
37,5
47,25
36,63
25,1
81,1
1567,5
23,04
105,75
1040,4 1046,25
1837,5 2506,25
1675,8 1308
110,08 99,26
1530
1101,6 1117,5
1702,4 1327,25
1915,2 1476,63
57,12
10216,7610635,49
10993,14
48
1020
2450
1260
82,76
1500
1080
1280
1440
56
Pcs kW Qcs kVArPl kW Ql kVAr
Cnsut CS
Bng 2.4. Ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng trong nh my.
0,6
0,4
3200
0,4
0,7
PXCK s 2 3150
80
3600
1255
knc
PXCK s 1 2175
bql vptk
2
K/hiu trnTn
MBphn xng
Din tchPm
kW
10990,48
42,1
1040,4
1837,5
1675,8
110,8
1530
1101,6
1702,4
1915,2
65,4
113,82
1475,49
3107,68
2125,83
148,22
2190,42
1569,18
2158,65
2418,35
104,18
172,93
2241,78
4721,63
3229,86
225,2
3327,99
2384,12
3279,73
3674,30
158,29
Qttpx kVAr Sttpx kVA Itt

A
2. Ph ti tnh ton ca ton nh my.

Ph ti tnh ton ca ton nh my c xc nh theo cng thc :
2
S ttnm = Pttn2 m + Qttnm
(2-28)
Vi:
10
P ttnm =kt. Ptti

i =1
10
Q ttnm =kt. Qtti

i =1
Trong :
+kt: l h s ng thi. Trong trng hp ny ta ly kt=0,85
+Ptti:tng ph ti tc dng tnh ton ca cc phn xng trong nh my.
+ Qtti tng cng sut phn khng ca cc phn xng trong nh my.
T ta c:
P ttnm =0,85. 10635,49 = 9040,17 kW
Q ttnm =0,85. 10990,48 =9341,91 kVAr
Sttnm = (9040,17) 2 + (9341,91)2 = 12999,84
S ttnm
12999,84
=
= 214,44 A
Ittnm =
3.U nm
3.35
H s cng sut cos ca ton nh my:
Cosnm =
kVA
Pttnm
9040,17
=
=0,7
S ttnm 12999,84
Trang 19
Chng iii
thit k mng in cao p cho
nh my sn xut my ko
I. Ngun in
Ngun in cc nh my 15 km, dung lng ngn mch pha h p ca trm bin p
khu vc l 250 MVA.
Cp in p hp l cho ng dy ti in t h thng v nh my c tnh theo cng
thc Still:
U = 4,34. l + 16 P kV
Trong :
P Cng sut truyn ti, MW
l Chiu di ng dy, km
chng trc ta tnh c Ptt = 9 MW nn
U tt = 4,34. 15 + 16.9 =55 kV
Vy ta s chn cp in p cho ng dy ti in t ngun in v nh my l 35 kV.
II / Biu ph ti ca ton nh my
Xc nh cc vng trn ph ti ca cc phn xng:
Ta biu din biu ph ti ca cc phn xng l nhng vng trn c din tch t l vi
cng sut tnh ton ca phn xng v c tnh ton qua cng thc :
Stti = . R2i. m
Trong :
Stti : l cng sut tnh ton ca phn xng th i
R2i: l bn knh vng trn ph ti ca phn xng th i
m : l h s t l
(kVA/mm2)
T cng thc (4-1) ta c:
Ri =
Stti
(mm)
.m
ng trn ph ti ta chia ng trn ra lm hai phn :
Trang 20
+ Phn gch cho : ni ln cng sut ng lc ca phn xng

+ Phn khng gch cho: ni ln cng sut chiu sng ca phn xng
Nhn vo biu ph ti th chng ta c th nh gi c khi qut t l phn cng sut
ng lc vi cng sut chiu sng ca phn xng cng nh ton nh my.
Trong biu hnh trn th ln ca gc n biu th cho ln ca cng sut
tnh ton chiu sng, n c xc nh theo bi thc :
P
= cs .360 0
Ptt
Tnh cho ban qun l v phng thit k ta c:
Ptt = 81,1 kW
Pcs= 25,1 kW
Ta chn t l xch = 5 kVA/mm2
Ta c :
Stt
104,18
=
3mm
3,14.5
.m
P
25,1
= cs .360 =
.3600 1110
Ptt
81,1
R1 =
Cng nh trn ta tnh ton cho cc phn xng khc ta c:

Kt qu tnh ton bn knh v gc gii hn chiu sng ca biu ph ti cc phn xng
(m=5 kVA/mm2).
ti
trn mt
n xng
phng thit k
ng c kh s 1
ng c kh s 2
n kim mu
n kim en
cha c kh
ng rn
ng nhit luyn
nn kh
liu
Bng 3.1 Tnh ton cc ng trn ph ti
T kt qu tnh ton trong bng ta v c biu ph ti ca cc phn xng nh hnh
v sau:
Biu ph ti nh my:
Trang 21
III / Cc
phng n cung cp in cho cc phn xng
T cc s liu tnh ton ta thy quy m sn xut ca nh my l ln do vy ta s d
nh t 1trm phn phi trung gian 35kV hoc 1 trm bin p trung gian 35/10 kV
phn phi in p cho cc my BA phn xng. My BA phn xng ta d nh t mt
s trm tu theo ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng.
V y l nh my ch to my ko do vy vai tr ca n rt quan trng trong cc
lnh vc, do n i hi tin cy cung cp in cng rt cao nn mng in ni t
trm bin p khu vc ti nh my ta dng ng dy trn khng v i l kp v m
bo m quan v an ton mng cao p trong nh my ta dng cp ngm.
Cc trm bin p phn xng ta dng loi trm k c mt mt tng gip vi tng
ca phn xng.
Trm phn phi trung gian 35 kV hoc trm bin p trung gian t ti tm ph ti
ca ton nh my.
*/ Xc nh tm ph ti ca ton nh my
Tm ph ti ca nh my c xc nh theo cng thc :
n
X0 =
S .X
i
= 52,63 mm
(4-4)
Y0 =
S .Y
i
= 37,2 mm
Trong : Xi,Yi: l to tm ph ti th i
X0,Yo:l to tm ph ti ca ton nh my
Trang 22
Vy ta s chn v tr ( 52,37) t trm phn phi trung tm hoc trm bin p trung
gian.
*/ Cc phng n cung cp in cho nh my :
1.Phng n v cc trm bin p phn xng:
Cc trm bin p c la chn trn cc nguyn tc sau:
+ V tr t trm bin p phi tha mn cc yu cu: gn tm ph ti ; thun tin cho vic
vn chuyn , lp t , vn hnh , sa cha my bin p ; an ton v kinh t.
+ S lng my bin p t trong cc trm bin p c la chn cn c vo yu cu
cung cp in ca ph ti; iu kin vn chuyn v lp t; ch lm vic ca ph ti.
Trong mi trng hp trm bin p t 1 my bin p s l kinh t v thun li cho vic
vn hnh, song tin cy cung cp khng cao. Cc trm bin p cung cp cho h loi I v
loi II nn t 2 my bin p , h loi III c th ch t 1 my bin p.
+ Dung lng cc my bin p c chn theo iu kin:
n.khc.Sm Stt
v kim tra theo iu kin s c mt MBA (trong trm c nhiu hn 1 MBA).
(n-1). khc.Sm Stt
Trong :
n- s my bin p c trong trm bin p.
khc- h s hiu chnh theo nhit mi trng, ta chn loi my bin p ch to
ti Vit Nam nn khng cn hiu chnh nhit , khc = 1.
kqt- h s qu ti s c, kqt = 1,4 nu tha mn iu kin MBA vn hnh qu ti
khng qu 5 ngy m , thi gian qu ti trong mt ngy m khng vt qu 6h trc
khi qu ti MBA vn hnh vi h s ti 0,93.
Sttsc cng sut tnh ton s c. Khi s c 1 MBA c th loi b mt s ph ti khng
quan trng gim nh dung lng ca MBA, nh vy c th gim nh c vn u t
v tn tht ca trm trong trng thi lm vic bnh thng. Gi thit trong cc h loi I c
30% l ph ti loi III nn Sttsc = 0,7.Stt
ng thi cng cn hn ch chng loi MBA dng trong nh my to iu kin thun
li cho vic mua sm, lp t, thay th vn hnh, sa cha v kim tra nh k.
a/ Phng n 1: t 7 TBA phn xng, trong :
a.1. Trm bin p B1: Cp in cho ph ti ca Ban qun l & phng thit k cng phn
xng c kh s 2.
n.khc.SddmB Stt = 2262,18 kVA
SmB
2262,18
= 1131,09 kVA.
2
Vy ta chn my bin p tiu chun Sm = 1250 kVA.

Kim tra li dung lng my bin p chn theo iu kin qu ti s c,
Sttsc lc ny chnh l cng sut tnh ton cho Ban qun l & phng thit k cng phn
xng c kh s 2 sau khi ct mt s ph ti khng quan trng trong phn xng (30%
ph ti loi 3), cn Ban qun l & phng thit k l ph ti loi 3 nn khi s c c th
tm ngng cung cp in:
n.khc.SddmB Stt sc = 0,7.Stt
SmB
0,7.S tt 0,7.(2262,18 104,18)

=
= 1079 kVA.
1,4
1,4
Vy trm bin p B1 t hai my bin p Sm = 1250 kVA.

Trang 23
a.2. Trm bin p B2: Cp in cho ph ti ca phn xng c kh s 1.

SmB
2418,35
= 1209,18 kVA.
2

Sttsc lc ny chnh l cng sut tnh ton cho phn xng c kh s 1 sau khi ct mt s
ph ti khng quan trng trong phn xng (30% ph ti loi 3).
SmB
0,7.S tt 0,7.2418,35
=
= 1209,18 kVA.
1,4
1,4

a.3. Trm bin p B3: Cp in cho ph ti ca phn xng luyn kim mu v phn
xng sa cha c kh.
SmB
1717,4
= 858,7 kVA.
2

Sttsc lc ny chnh l cng sut tnh ton cho phn xng luyn kim mu v phn xng
sa cha c kh sau khi ct mt s ph ti khng quan trng trong phn xng (30% ph
ti loi 3), cn phn xng sa cha c kh l ph ti loi 3 nn khi s c c th tm
ngng cung cp in:
SmB
0,7.S tt 0,7.(1717,4 148,22)

=
= 784,59 kVA.
1,4
1,4

a.4. Trm bin p B4: Cp in cho ph ti ca phn xng luyn kim en.
SmB
2190,42
= 1095,21 kVA.
2

Sttsc lc ny chnh l cng sut tnh ton cho phn xng luyn kim en sau khi ct mt
s ph ti khng quan trng trong phn xng (30% ph ti loi 3).
SmB
0,7.S tt 0,7.2190,42
=
= 1095,21 kVA.
1,4
1,4

a.5. Trm bin p B5: Cp in cho ph ti ca phn xng rn v kho vt liu.
SmB
2239,65
= 1119,83 kVA.
2

Trang 24

Sttsc lc ny chnh l cng sut tnh ton cho phn xng rn v kho vt liu sau khi ct
mt s ph ti khng quan trng trong phn xng (30% ph ti loi 3).
SmB
0,7.S tt 0,7.(2239,65 113,82)

=
= 1062,92 kVA.
1,4
1,4

a.6. Trm bin p B6: Cp in cho ph ti ca phn xng nhit luyn.
SmB
3107,68
= 1553,84 kVA.
2

Sttsc lc ny chnh l cng sut tnh ton cho phn xng nhit luyn sau khi ct mt s
ph ti khng quan trng trong phn xng (30% ph ti loi 3).
SmB
0,7.S tt 0,7.3107,68
=
= 1553,84 kVA.
1,4
1,4

a.7. Trm bin p B7: Cp in cho ph ti ca B phn nn kh.
SmB
1475,49
= 737,75 kVA.
2

Sttsc lc ny chnh l cng sut tnh ton cho B phn nn kh sau khi ct mt s ph ti
khng quan trng trong phn xng (30% ph ti loi 3).
SmB
0,7.S tt 0,7.1475,49
=
= 737,75 kVA.
1,4
1,4

b/Phng n 2: t 6 TBA phn xng, trong :
b.1. Trm bin p B1: Cp in cho ph ti ca Ban qun l & phng thit k cng phn
xng c kh s 2.
Ging nh phng n 1 ta c c S = 1250 kVA
b.2. Trm bin p B2: Cp in cho ph ti ca phn xng c kh s 1.
Ging nh phng n 1, S = 1250 kVA
b.3. Trm bin p B3: Cp in cho ph ti ca phn xng luyn kim mu v phn
xng sa cha c kh.
b.4. Trm bin p B4: Cp in cho ph ti ca phn xng luyn kim en.
b.5. Trm bin p B5: Cp in cho ph ti ca phn xng rn, B phn nn kh v kho
vt liu.
Trang 25
SmB
3692,32
= 1846,16 kVA.
2

Sttsc lc ny chnh l cng sut tnh ton cho phn xng rn, b phn nn kh v kho vt
liu sau khi ct mt s ph ti khng quan trng trong phn xng (30% ph ti loi 3).
Kho vt liu l ph ti loi 3 nn c th tm ngng cung cp in khi c s c.
SmB
0,7.S tt 0,7.(3692,32 113,82)

=
= 1789,25 kVA.
1,4
1,4

b.6. Trm bin p B6: Cp in cho ph ti ca phn xng nhit luyn.
2/ Xc nh v tr cc trm bin p phn xng.
Trong cc nh my thng s dng cc kiu trm bin p phn xng:
+ Cc trm bin p cung cp in cho mt phn xng c th dng loi lin k c mt
tng ca trm chung vi tng ca phn xng nh vy tit kim c vn xy dng v
t nh hng n cng trnh khc.
+Trm lng cng c s dng cung cp in cho mt phn hoc ton b mt phn
xng v c chi ph u t thp, vn hnh, bo qun thun li song v mt an ton khi c
s c trong trm hoc phn xng khng cao.
+ Cc trm bin p dng chung cho nhiu phn xng nn t gn tm ph ti, nh
vy c th a in p cao ti gn h tiu th in v rt ngn kh nhiu chiu di mng
phn phi cao p ca x nghip cng nh mng h p phn xng, gim chi ph kim loi
lm dy dn v gim tn tht. Cng v vy nn dng trm c lp, tuy nhin vn u t
trm s b gia tng.
Ty thuc vo iu kin c th c th la chn mt trong cc loi trm bin p nu.
m bo an ton cho ngi cng nh thit b , m bo m quan cng nghip y s
s dng loi trm xy, t gn tm ph ti, gn cc trc giao thng trong nh my, song
cng cn tnh n kh nng pht trin v m rng sn xut.
la chn c v tr t cc trm bin p phn xng cn xc nh tm ph ti ca
cc phn xng hoc nhm phn xng c cung cp in t cc trm bin p .
* Xc nh v tr t trm bin p B1 (phng n 1):cung cp in cho Ban qun l &
phng thit k cng phn xng c kh s 2.
n
S .xi
x01 =
i =1
n
104,18.2 + 2158,65.12
= 11,54 mm.
104,18 + 2158,65
104,18.42 + 2158,65.16
= 17,2 mm
104,18 + 2158,65
i =1
n
S . yi
y01 =
i =1
n
S
i =1
Cn c vo v tr ca nh xng ta t trm bin p B1 ti v tr M()

i vi cc trm bin p phn xng khc , tnh ton tng t ta xc nh c v tr t
ph hp cho cc trm bin p phn xng trong phm vi nh my.
V tr t cc trm bin p phn xng c ghi trong bng di y:
Trang 26
n 1
n 2
Bng 3.2. Tnh ton v tr t cho cc trm bin p phn xng

V tr tnh ton t trm bin c cho bng trn tuy nhin trong thc t khng t
theo v tr nh trn m cn ty vo v tr ca cc phn xng trong nh my v thm m
quan ca nh my m ta t cho hp l.
Kt qu t cc trm bin p c cho di bng sau:
n
Bng 3.3. V tr t cc trm bin p phn xng trn thc t

3/ Phng n cung cp in cho cc trm bin p phn xng.
a. Cc phng n cung cp in cho cc trm bin p phn xng:
+ Phng n s dng s dn su:
a ng dy trung p 35 kV vo su trong nh my n tn cc trm bin p phn
xng. Nh a in p cao vo trm bin p phn xng s gim c vn u t xy
dng trm bin p trung gian hoc trm phn phi trung tm , gim c tn tht v nng
cao nng lc truyn ti ca mng. Tuy nhin nhc im ca s ny l tin cy cung
cp in khng cao, cc thit b s dng trong s gi thnh t v yu cu trnh vn
Trang 27
hnh phi rt cao, n ch ph hp vi cc nh my c ph ti rt ln v cc phn xng

sn xut nm tp trung gn nhau nn y ta khng xt n phng n ny.
+ Phng n s dng trm bin p trung gian (TBATG).
Ngun 35 kV t h thng v qua TBATG c h xung in p 10 kV cung cp
cho cc trm bin p phn xng. Nh vy s gim c vn u t cho mng in cao
p trong nh my cng nh cc TBA phn xng, vn hnh thun li hn v tin cy
cung cp in cng c ci thin. Song phi u t xy dng TBATG, gia tng tn tht
cho mng cao p. Nu s dng phng n ny, v nh my l h loi I nn TBATG phi
t hai my bin p vi cng sut c chn theo iu kin:
n.Sm B Sttnm =12999,84 kVA.
Sm B
S ttnm
= 6499,92 kVA.
2
Chn my bin p tiu chun Sm = 7500 kVA.

Kim tra li dung lng my bin p chn theo iu kin qu ti s c vi gi thit
cc h trong nh my u c 30% l ph ti loi III c th tm ngng cung cp in khi
cn thit:
(n-1).kqt.Sm B Stt sc
Sm B
0,7.S ttnm
=6499,92 kVA.
1,4
Vy ti trm bin p trung gian s t 2 MBA loi: 7500 kVA 35/10kV.

+ Phng n s dng trm phn phi trung tm (TPPTT):
in nng t h thng cung cp cho cc trm bin p phn xng thng qua TPPTT. Nh
vy vic qun l, vn hnh mng in cao p nh my s thun li hn , tn tht trong
mng gim , tin cy cung cp in c gia tng, song vn u t cho mng cng ln
hn . Trong thc t y l phng n thng c s dng khi in p ngun khng cao
hn 35 kV , cng sut cc phn xng tng i ln.
b. Xc nh v tr t trm bin p trung gian (ca nh my), trm phn phi trung tm.
V tr tt nht t trm bin p trung gian, trm phn phi trung tm chnh l tm ph
ti ca nh my. chnh l v tr c ta l (52,37).
c. La chn cc phng n ni dy ca mng cao p.
Do tnh cht quan trng ca cc phn xng nn mng cao p trong nh my ta s dng
s hnh tia, l kp. S ny c u im l s ni dy r rng, cc trm bin p
phn xng u c cp in t mt ng dy ring nn t nh hng ln nhau, tin
cy cung cp in khng cao, d thc hin bin php bo v, t ng ha v d vn hnh.
m bo m quan v an ton cc tuyn giao thng ni b. T nhng phn tch thm
c th a ra 4 phng n thit k mng cao p c trnh by trong hnh di y:
Trang 28
Hnh 3.1. D kin cc phng n cp in cao p

IV/ So snh k thut v kinh t cho cc phng n
so snh v la chn phng n hp l ta s dng hm chi ph tnh ton Z v ch xt
n nhng phn khc nhau trong cc phng n gim khi lng tnh ton:
Z =(avh +atc).K+3I2max.R..c min
Trong :
avh h s vn hnh , avh = 0,1;
atc h s tiu chun, atc = 0,2;
K-vn u t cho trm bin p v ng dy;
Imax-dng in ln nht chy qua thit b;
R-in tr ca thit b;
thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht;
c- gi tin 1kWh tn tht in nng, c = 1000 /kWh.
1. Phng n I.
Phng n s dng TBATG nhn in 35kV t h thng v, h xung in p 10kV sau
cung cp cho cc trm bin p phn xng. Cc trm bin p u h t in p 10kV
xung 0,4kV cung cp cho cc phn xng.
a. Chn my bin p phn xng v xc nh tn tht in nng A trong cc trm
bin p.
Trang 29
Hnh 4.2. S i dy phng n I

*/ Chn my bin p phn xng.
Trn c s chn c sng sut MBA phn trn ta c kt qu chn my bin p cho cc
trm bin p phn xng:
in
G
n u t cho trm bin p: KB =3588,2.106

Bng 3.4. Vn u t cho cc trm bin p trong phng n I
*/ Xc nh tn tht in nng A trong cc trm bin p.
Tn tht in nng A trong cc trm bin p c tnh theo cng thc:
2
S
1
A = n. P0.t + . Pn. tt .
n
S dm
kWh
Trong :
n-s my bin p ghp song song. (n = 2)
t-thi gian my bin p vn hnh, vi MBA vn hnh sut nm t=8760 h.
-thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht.
= (0,124 + 10-4.Tmax)2.8760 h.
Vi Tmax = 3960 h ta tnh c = 2369 h.
Trang 30
P0, Pn tn tht cng sut khng ti v tn tht cng sut ngn mch
ca MBA
Stt cng sut tnh ton ca TBA.
Sdm cng sut nh mc ca MBA.
Kt qu tnh ton tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p ca phng n I.
A
)
A)
W)
W)
Wh)
G
84
8
5
5
7
4
2
1
5
3
8
,2
9
n tht in nng trong cc TBA: AB =1,25.106 kWh
Bng 3.5. Tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p phng n I
b. Chn dy dn v xc nh tn tht cng sut, tn tht in nng trong mng in.
*/ Chn cp cao p t trm bin p trung gian v cc trm bin p phn xng.
Cp cao p c chn theo mt kinh t ca dng in jkt . i vi nh my sn xut
my ko, thi gian s dng cng sut ln nht Tmax = 3960h, s dng cp li ng, tra
bng ta tm c jkt = 3,1 A/mm2.
Tit din kinh t ca cp:
Fkt =
I max
mm2
j kt
Cc cp t TBATG v cc trm bin p phn xng u l cp l kp nn:

Imax =
S ttpx
2. 3.U dm
Da vo tr s Fkt tnh ra c, tra bng la chn tit din tiu chun cp gn nht.
Kim tra tit din cp chn theo iu kin pht nng:
khc.Icp Isc
Trong :
Isc- dng in xy ra khi s c t 1 cp, Isc = 2Imax
khc =k1.k2
k1- h s hiu chnh theo nhit , ly k1 =1.
k2 h s hiu chnh v s dy cp cng t trong mt rnh, cc rnh u t 2 cp,
khong cch gia cc si cp l 300 mm. Tra ph lc tm c
k2 = 0.93.
V chiu di cp t TBATG n cc TBA ngn nn tn tht in p nh ta c th b qua
khng cn kim tra li theo iu kin Ucp.
Chn cp t TBATG n B1.
Imax =
S ttpx
2. 3.U dm
2262,18
2. 3.10
= 65,3 A.

Fkt =
I max
65,3
=
= 21,06 mm2.
J kt
3,1
Trang 31
Tra PL V.16.TL1 ta chn Ftc = 25 mm2, cp ng 3 li 10 kV cch in XLPE, ai thp,

v PVC do hng FURUKAWA (Nht ) ch to, dng in cho php di t 250C l:
Icp = 140 A.
0,93.Icp = 0,93.140 = 130,2 < 2.Imax = 130,6 A
Vy ta phi chn cp c Ftc = 35 mm2, Icp = 170 A
0,93.Icp = 0,93.170 = 158,1 > 2.Imax = 130,6 A
Chn cp c tit din F = 35 mm2 vi Icp = 170 A
Tnh ton hon ton tng t cho cc ng cp cn li. Kt qu ghi trong bng 3.6
*/ Chn cp h p t TBA phn xng n cc phn xng:
+ Ta ch xt n cc on cp h p khc nhau gia cc phng n, cc on ging nhau
khng xt n trong qu trnh so snh kinh t gia cc phng n.
+ Cp h p c chn theo iu kin pht nng cho php. on ng cp y cng
ngn, tn tht in p khng ng k, nn c th b qua khng kim tra li iu kin
Ucp.
+ C th i vi phng n I, ta khng cn tin hnh chn cp h p.
Tng hp kt qu chn cp ca phng n I c ghi trong bng di y:
cp
km)
in
G-B1
G-B2
G-B3
G-B4
G-B5
G-B6
G-B7
n u t cho ng dy: KD = 415,68.106
Bng 3.6. Vn u t cho ng dy cp cao p phng n I
*/ Xc nh tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy.
Tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy c tnh theo cng thc:
P =
S 2 ttpx
.R.10-3 (kW).
2
U dm
Trong :
R=
1
.r0.l
n
().
n: s ng dy i song song
Tn tht P trn on cp TBATG B1 :
P =
2262,18 2
S 2 ttpx
-3
.R.10
=
.0,07.10-3=3,58 (kW)
2
2
10
U dm
Cc ng dy khc cng tnh ton tng t, kt qu cho trong bng di y:

cp
G-B1
8
Trang 32
G-B2
5
G-B3
G-B4
2
G-B5
5
G-B6
8
G-B7
9
n tht cng sut tc dng P = 23,22 kW
Bng 3.7. Tng tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy cp cao p
phng n I
*/ Xc nh tn tht in nng trn ng dy.
Tn tht in nng trn ng dy c tnh theo cng thc :
AD = P D.
(kWh).
Trong :
- thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht, =2369 vi Tmax = 3960 h
AD = P D. = 23,22.2369 = 55008,18 (kWh).
c. Vn u t mua my ct in trong mng cao p ca phng n I.
+ Mng cao p trong phng n c in p 10kV t TBATG n 7 trm bin p phn
xng. TBATG c hai phn on thanh gp nhn in t hai my bin p trung gian v
hai phn on thanh gp nhn in t TBA khu vc.
+ Vi 7 TBA , mi trm c hai MBA nhn in trc tip t hai phn on thanh gp
qua my ct in t u ng cp. Vy trong mng cao p ca phn xng ta s dng
14 my ct in cp in p 10kV cng thm mt my ct phn on thanh gp h p
in p 10kV TBATG, mt my ct phn on thanh gp cao p in p 35kV v 2
my ct pha h p hai MBA ca TBA khu vc in p 35kV l 18 my ct in.
+ Vn u t mua my ct in trong phng n I:
KMC = n.M
n- s lng my ct trong mng cn xt n.
M- gi my ct, M = 12000 USD (10kV), M = 30000USD (35kV).
T gi quy i tm thi 1USD = 15,85.103
KMC = n.M = (15.12+3.30).103.15,85.103 = 4279,5.106 .
d/ Chi ph tnh ton ca phng n I.
+Khi tnh ton vn u t xy dng mng in y ch tnh n gi thnh cp, my bin
p v my ct in khc nhau gia cc phng n.
(K= KB +KD +KMC ), nhng phn ging nhau c b qua khng tnh ti.
+Tn tht in nng trong cc phng n bao gm tng tn tht in nng trong cc
trm bin p v ng dy: A=AB +AD
+ Chi ph tnh ton Z ca phng n I:
Vn u t:
K1 = KB + KD + KMC = (3588,2.106 + 415,68.106 + 4279,5) = 8283,38.106
- Tng tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p v ng dy:
A=AB +AD=1,25.106 + 55008,18 = 1,305.106 kWh
- Chi ph tnh ton: Z1 =(avh + atc).K1 + c. A1 =
=(0,1+ 0,2). 8283,38.106 + 1000. 1,305.106
=3790,014.106
2. Phng n II.
Trang 33
Phng n s dng TBATG nhn in 35kV t h thng v, h xung in p 10kV sau

cung cp cho cc trm bin p phn xng. Cc trm bin p u h t in p 10kV
xung 0,4kV cung cp cho cc phn xng.
bin p.
Hnh 4.2. S i dy cao p phng n II

trm bin p phn xng:
in
G

Bng 3.8. Vn u t my bin p trong phng n II
Tn tht in nng A trong cc trm bin p c tnh theo cng thc:
S
1
A = n. P0.t + . Pn. tt
n
S dm
kWh
Trong :
n-s my bin p ghp song song. (n = 2)
t-thi gian my bin p vn hnh, vi MBA vn hnh sut nm t=8760h.
-thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht.
= (0,124 + 10-4.Tmax)2.8760 h.
Trang 34
Vi Tmax = 3960 h ta tnh c = 2369 h.

P0, Pn tn tht cng sut khng ti v tn tht cng sut ngn mch
ca MBA
Stt cng sut tnh ton ca TBA.
Sdm cng sut nh mc ca MBA.
Kt qu tnh ton tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p ca phng n II.
A
)
A)
W)
W)
Wh)
G
84
8
5
5
7
4
2
1
2
,27
8
,2
6
n tht in nng trong cc TBA: AB =1,224.10 kWh
Bng 3.9. Tn tht trong cc trm bin p phng n II
*/ Chn cp t trm bin p trung gian v cc trm bin p phn xng.
Tnh hon ton tng t phng n I ta c kt qu ghi trong bng sau.
cp
in
km)
G-B1
G-B2
G-B3
G-B4
G-B5
0+500)
G-B6
n u t cho ng dy: KD =1033,64.106
Vi ng dy B5-9 l loi cp h p 0,4 kV.
Bng 3.10. Chi ph cho cc ng cp cao p trong mng in
phng n II
Hon ton tng t nh phng n I, ta c kt qu tnh nh sau:
cp
G-B1
G-B2
G-B3
G-B4
G-B5
8
5
2
2
0+500)
9
G-B6
8
n tht cng sut tc dng P =104,29 kW
Trang 35
Bng 3.11. Tn tht cng sut tc dng trong mng in

phng n II
AD = P D.
(kWh).
Trong :
AD = P D.
= 104,29.2369=247063,01 (kWh).
c. Vn u t mua my ct in trong mng cao p ca phng n II.
+ Mng cao p trong phng n c in p 10kV t TBATG n 6 trm bin p phn
xng. TBATG c hai phn on thanh gp nhn in t hai my bin p trung gian v
hai phn on thanh gp nhn in t TBA khu vc.
12 my ct in cp in p 10kV cng thm hai my ct phn on thanh gp in p
10kV v in p 35kV TBATG v 2 my ct pha h p hai MBATG l 16 my ct
in.
+ Vn u t mua my ct in trong phng n II:
KMC = n.M = (13.12 + 3.30).103.15,85.103 = 3899,1.106 .
d/ Chi ph tnh ton ca phng n II.
+ Chi ph tnh ton Z ca phng n II:
Vn u t:
K = KB + KD + KMC = (3681,6. + 1033,64. + 3899,1) 106 =8614,34.106
Tng tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p v ng dy:
A=AB +AD=1,224.106 + 247063,01 =1,47.106 kWh
Chi ph tnh ton:
Z =(avh + atc).K + c. A
=(0,1+ 0,2). 8614,34.106 + 1000. 1,47.106
=4054,302.106
3. Phng n III.
Phng n s dng TPPTT nhn in 35kV t h thng v, cung cp cho cc trm bin p
phn xng. Cc trm bin p u h t in p 35kV xung 0,4 kV cung cp cho cc
phn xng.
bin p.
Trang 36
Hnh 4.3. S i dy cao p phng n III

trm bin p phn xng:
in

Bng 3.12. Vn u t cho my bin p phng n III

Kt qu tnh ton tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p ca phng n III.
A
)
A)
W)
W)
Wh)
Trang 37
8
5
34
51
43
03
21
77
62
2
5
8
9
n tht in nng trong cc TBA: AB =557798,91 kWh
Bng 3.13.Tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p phng n III
Phng n III
*/ Chn cp t trm bin p trung gian v cc trm bin p phn xng.
Tng t nh phng n I, v II ta tin hnh chn cp cao p theo mt kinh t ca
dng in jkt. S dng cp li ng vi Tmax=3960 h ta c jkt=3,1 A/mm2.
Chn cp t TPPTT n B1.
Imax =
S ttpx
2. 3.U dm
2262,18
= 18,66 A.
2. 3.35
Fkt =
I max
18,66
=
= 6,02 mm2.
J kt
3,1
Tra PL V.19.TL1 ta chn Ftc = 50 mm2. Cp ng 3 li 35 kV cch in XLPE, ai thp,

v PVC do hng FURUKAWA (Nht ) ch to, Icp = 200 A
0,93.Icp = 0,93.200 = 186 > 2.Imax = 37,32 A
Vy cp chn tha mn iu kin pht nng
Chn cp c tit din F = 50 mm2 vi Icp = 200 A
Cc ng dy cn li c tnh hon ton tng t. Kt qu chn cp ca phng n III
c ghi trong bng di y:
cp
km)
in
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6
B7
n u t cho ng dy: KD =314,6 .106
Bng 3.14. Vn u t xy dng ng dy cp cao p trong
Phng n III
P =
S 2 ttpx
.R.10-3 (kW).
U 2 dm
Trong :
Trang 38
R=
1
.r0.l
n
().
n: s ng dy i song song
Tn tht P trn on cp TPPTT B1 :
2262,18 2
S 2 ttpx
-3
.0,052.10-3=0,22 (kW)
P = 2 .R.10 =
2
35
U dm
Cc ng dy khc cng tnh ton tng t, kt qu cho trong bng di y:

cp
B1
8
B2
5
B3
B4
2
B5
5
B6
8
B7
9
n tht cng sut tc dng trn dy dn PD= 1,22 kW
Bng 3.15. Tn tht cng sut trn cc on ng dy cp cao p trong
phng n III
AD = P D.
(kWh).
Trong :
AD = P D.
= 1,22.2369=2890,18 (kWh).
c. Vn u t mua my ct in trong mng cao p ca phng n II.
+ Mng cao p trong phng n c in p 35kV t TPPTT n 7 trm bin p phn
xng. TPPTT c hai phn on thanh gp nhn in t hai my bin p trung gian.
14 my ct in cp in p 35kV cng thm mt my ct phn on thanh gp in p
35kV TPPTT v 2 my ct 35 kV pha ngun cp h thng tng cng l 17 my ct
in.
+ Vn u t mua my ct in trong phng n III:
KMC = n.M = 17.30.103.15,85.103 = 8083,5 .10 6
d/ Chi ph tnh ton ca phng n III.
Vn u t: K = KB + KD + KMC = (2259,8+ 314,6 + 8083,5) .106
= 10657,9.106
A = AB +AD = 557798,91 + 2890,18 = 560689,09 kWh
Chi ph tnh ton:
=(0,1+ 0,2). 10657,9.106 + 1000. 560689,09
=3758,06.106
Trang 39
4. Phng n IV.
V c bn l ging phng n III nhng phn xng 9 c cp in t trm B3 bng cp
h p 0,4 kV
Hnh 4.4 S i dy cao p phng n IV

bin p
Trn c s chn c cng sut MBA phn trn ta c kt qu chn my bin p cho cc
trm bin p phn xng:
in
n u t cho trm bin p: KB =2295.106

Bng 3.16. Vn u t cho trm bin p trong
phng n IV
Kt qu tnh ton tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p ca phng n IV.
A
)
A)
W)
W)
Wh)
8
34
5
51
43
2
03
Trang 40
2
,04
8
77
n tht in nng trong cc TBA: AB =534433,12 kWh
Bng 3.17. Tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p
phng n IV
*/ Chn cp t trm PPTT v cc trm bin p phn xng.
cp
km)
in
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
0+500)
B6
n u t cho ng dy: KD =939,6.106
Bng 3.18.Vn u t xy dng ng dy cao p
phng n IV
cp
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
8
5
0+500)
2
5
9
8
B6
n tht cng sut tc dng trn dy dn PD= 82,75 kW
Bng 3.19.Tn tht cng sut tc dng trn cc ng dy cao p
phng n IV
AD = P D.
(kWh).
Trong :
AD = P D.
82,75.2369=196034,75 (kWh).
c. Vn u t mua my ct in trong mng cao p ca phng n IV.
+ Mng cao p trong phng n c in p 35kV t TPPTT n 6 trm bin p phn
xng. TPPTT c hai phn on thanh gp nhn in t hai my bin p trung gian.
Trang 41
12 my ct in cp in p 35kV cng thm mt my ct phn on thanh gp in p
35 kV TPPTT v 2 my ct 35 kV pha ngun cp h thng tng cng l 15 my ct
in.
+ Vn u t mua my ct in trong phng n III:
KMC = n.M = 15.30.103.15,85.103 = 7132,5 .10 6
d/ Chi ph tnh ton ca phng n IV.
Vn u t:
K = KB + KD + KMC = (2295+ 939,6+7132,5) .106
=10367,1.106
A=AB +AD=534433,12 +196034,75 = 730467,87 kWh
Chi ph tnh ton:
=(0,1+ 0,2). 10367,1.106 + 1000. 730467,87
=3840,6.106
Tng hp ch tiu kinh t-k thut ca cc phng n.
n
u t
t in nng (kWh) tnh ton (106 )
n I
8
06
14
6
n II
4
02
n III
9
,09
6
n IV
1
,87
Bng 3.20. Tng hp ch tiu kinh t k thut ca cc phng n
Nhn xt: T nhng kt qu tnh ton cho thy, phng n III l phng n hiu qu
v c mt k thut v kinh t nht. Vy ta chn phng n III lm phng n thit k.
V. Thit k chi tit cho phng n c chn.
1. Chn ng y t h thng in v TPPTT.
ng dy cung cp in t h thng v TPPTT ca nh my di 15 km s dng ng
dy trn khng, dy nhm li thp, l kp.
* Vi mng cao p c Tmax ln , dy dn c chn theo mt dng in kinh t jkt, vi
dy dn AC c thi gian s dng cng sut ln nht Tmax = 3960 h , ta c jkt = 1,1 A/mm2.
Dng in tnh ton chy trn mi dy dn:
Itt nm =
S ttnm
2. 3.U dm
12999,84
= 107,2 (A).
2. 3.35
Tit din kinh t:

Ftkt =
107,2
I ttnm
=
= 97,5 mm2.
1,1
jkt
Chn dy AC-95 c Icp = 330 A.

* Kim tra dy theo s c t 1 dy:
Isc = 2.Itt nm = 2.107,2 = 214,4 A
Isc = 214,4 < Icp = 330 A
* Kim tra dy theo iu kin tn tht in p cho php:
Trang 42
Vi dy dn AC-95 c khong cch trung bnh hnh hc Dtb = 5 m c cc thng s k

thut r0 = 0,33 /km ; x0 = 0,429 /km.
U =
Pttnm .R + Qttnm . X
9040,17.2,475 + 9341,91.2,978
=
.103 = 1,43kV
U dm
35
Vi Ucp = 5%.Udm = 5%.35 = 1,75 kV > U

Dy dn chn tha mn iu kin tn tht in p cho php.
Vy chn dy AC-95.
2. S d trm phn phi trung tm
Trm phn phi trung tm l ni nhn in trc tip t h thng v
cung cp cho nh my, do vic la chn s ni dy ca trm c nh hng ln v
trc tip n vic bo m cung cp in lin tc cho ph ti. S cn pha tho mn
cc yu cu c bn nh thun tin trong vic vn hnh v x l s c, hp l v kinh t
trn c s m bo cc yu cu k thut. Trm phn phi trung tm c cung cp bi
ng dy hai mch c 1 thanh gp phn on, gia hai phn on lin lc bng 1 my
ct hp b. Trn mi phn on thanh gp t mt my bin p o lng ba pha nm tr
c cun tam gic h bo trm t 1 pha trn cp 35 kV. chng st t ng dy
truyn vo trm ta t chng st van trn cc phn on thanh gp. My bin dng c
t trn tt c cc l vo ra ca trm lm nhim v bin dng in ln ( s cp ) thnh
dng in th cp tiu chun 5 A cung cp cho cc dng c o lng v bo v.
3. Tnh ton ngn mch v la chn cc thit b in:
2.1. Tnh ton ngn mch
Mc ch ca tnh ton ngn mch l kim tra iu kin n nh ng v n nh nhit
ca thit b v dy dn c chn khi c ngn mch trong h thng. Dng in ngn
mch tnh ton chn kh c in l dng ngn mch ba pha.. S nguyn l v s
thay th tnh ton ngn mch c th hin trn hnh di y.
la chn kim tra dy dn v cc kh c in cn tnh ton cc im ngn mch
sau:
- chn kh c in cho cp 35 kV, ta cn tnh cho im ngn mch N ti u ng
dy trn khng DK kim tra my ct v thanh gp y ta ly SN = 250 MVA.
- chn kh c in cho cp 10 kV :
+ Pha cao p trm bin p phn xng, cn tnh cho im ngn mch Ni ti thanh ci
cao p chn v kim tra cp, t cao p cc trm
+ Cn tnh im N i' u cc ng cp kim tra cc my ct 10 kV
- S nguyn l :
S thay th .
Trang 43
Chn Scb = 100 MVA, Ucb = Utb cc cp.
S cb 100
=
=0,4
S N 250
R
R .S
1
1
2,48.100
=0,18
Rd = r0l = 0,33.15=2,48 rd = d = d 2 cb =
2
2
Z cb
U cb
37 2
X
X .S
1
1
3,22.100
=0,26
Xd= x0l = .0,429.15 = 3,22 xd = d = d 2 cb =
2
2
Z cb
U cb
37 2
R .S
r .l .S
1
Rc = .r0 .lc rc = c 2 cb = 0 c 2 cb Vi Ucb = 10,5 kV
2
U cb
2.U cb
X .S
x .l .S
1
Xc = x0 .lc xc = c 2 cb = 0 c 2 cb
2
U cb
2.U cb
XHT =
Kt qu tnh ton ghi trong bng

F,
mm2
ng dy
x0
/km
L,
km
r0
/km
rC,
xc,
DK
15
,33
429
,18
,26
PPTT-B1
,21
494
052
005
047
PPTT -B2
,22
494
054
005
049
PPTT -B3
,14
494
035
002
031
PPTT -B4
,11
494
027
001
025
PPTT -B5
,12
494
,03
002
027
PPTT -B6
,16
494
,04
003
036
PPTT B7
,25
494
062
007
056
Bng 3.21. Gi tr tng tr ca cc ng dy tnh ngn mch
* Tnh ngn mch ti cc im:
Tnh ngn mch ti im N.
S :
I=
1
X ht
I (kA)=I .
S cb
3.U cb
Zc
316
047
049
031
025
027
036
056
100
=3,9 kA.
0,4. 3.37
Trang 44
Tr s dng in ngn mch xung kch c tnh theo biu thc:

ixk = 1,8. 2 .IN (kA)
ixk = 1,8. 2 .3,9 = 9,93 kA
Tnh ngn mch ti im N
S :
1
1
= 1,4
=
X HT + Z d 0,4 + 0,316
S cb
100
= 1,4.
I (kA)=I .
=2,18 kA.
3.U cb
3.37
ixk = 1,8. 2 .IN (kA)
= 1,8. 2 .2,18 =5,55 kA
I=
c/ Tnh ngn mch ti Ni

S :
Zi = XHT + Zd + Zc
I=
1
Zi
I (kA)=I .
S cb
3.U cb
kA trong Ucb = 10,5 kV

ixk = 1,8. 2 .IN (kA)
Kt qu tnh tr s cc dng ngn mch trong bng 3.22.
IN
m ngn mch Tng tr
Icb
kA
kA
N
0,4
1,56
3,9
N
0,716
1,56
2,18
N1
0,763
5,5
7,21
N2
0,747
5,5
7,36
N3
0,747
5,5
7,36
Ixk
kA
9,93
5,55
18,35
18,74
18,74
Trang 45
N4
N5
N6
N7
0,741
5,5
7,42
18,9
0,743
5,5
7,40
18,84
0,752
5,5
7,31
18,62
0,772
5,5
7,12
18,14
Bng 3.22. Tr s cc dng ngn mch
2.2. La chn thit b in
* My ct:
Chn my 8DC11 ca hng Siemens, cch in SF6, khng bo tr c cc thng s nh
sau:
Um
Ict
Ict
Im
A
kV
kA
kA
8DC11
1250
36
25
63
Bng 3.23. Thng s k thut ca my ct 8DC11
oi my
Kim tra:
UmMC = 36 kV Um = 35 kV
ImMC = 1250 A Ilvmax = 2. Ittnm = 2.214,44 = 428,88 A
Dng in n nh cho php:
Ictmax = 63 kA Ixk = 5,55 kA
* Thanh dn: Thanh dn chn vt cp nn khng cn kim tra n nh ng.
* My bin in p BU:
UmBU Umnm = 35 kV
Chn loi BU 3 pha 5 tr 4MS36 kiu hnh tr do hng Siemens ch to.
Um (kV)
36
chu ng tn s cng nghip 1, kV
70
170
U chu ng xung 1,2/50 s, kV
U1m, kV
35/ 3
U2m, kV
120/ 3
Ti nh mc, VA
400
Bng 3.24. Thng s k thut ca my 4MS36
* My bin dng in BI:
UmBI Ummng = 35 kV
Dng in s cp nh mc: I1mBI Ilvmax = 428,88 A
Chn my BI 4ME16 do hng Siemens ch to.
Um, kV
36
chu ng tn s cng nghip 1 , kV
70
170
U chu ng xung 1,2/50 s, kV
I1m, A
5-1200
I2m, A
1 hoc 5
Inhit 1s, kA
80
I ng, kA
120
Bng 3.25. Thng s k thut ca my 4ME16
* Chng st van:
Chng st van c la chn theo cp in p 35 kV. Chn loi chng st van do hng
COOPER ch to c Um = 30 kV, loi gi ngang AZLP501B30
Trang 46
4. S trm bin p phn xng.

Cc trm bin p phn xng u t 2 my bin p ca nh my ch to thit b in
ng Anh. V cc trm bin p t rt gn trm phn phi trung tm nn pha cao p ca
cc trm ch cn t cu ch v dao cch ly. hn ch dng ngn mch v pha h p
ca trm v lm n gin cho vic bo v ta la chn phng thc cho hai my bin p
lm vic c lp ( Aptomat phn on thanh ci h p ca 2 my thng trng thi ct)
ch khi no mt my bin p b s c mi s dng ptomt phn on cp in ca
ph ti ca phn on i vi my bin p s c.
4.1. La chn v kim tra dao cch ly cao p
Ta s dng chung dao cch ly cao p cho tt c cc trm d dng cho vic mua sm
lp t v thay th. Dao cch ly c chn theo cc yu cu sau:
UmDCL Ummng = 35 kV
ImDCL Ilvmax = 2. Ittnm = 428,88 A
Dng in n nh cho php: ImDCL Ixkmax = 18,9 kA
Chn dao cch ly 3DC do hng Siemens ch to.
V
A
00
Bng 3.26. Thng s k thut ca dao cch ly 3DC
4.2. La chn v kim tra cu ch cao p
Dng chung mt loi cu ch cao p cho tt c cc trm bin p d dng cho vic mua
sm, lp t v thay th. Cu ch c chn theo yu cu sau:
UmCC Ummang = 35 kV
k .S
1,4.1600
Dng in nh mc ImCC Ilv max = qt dm max BA =
= 36,95 A
3.U dmBA
3.35
Dng ct nh mc Imct INmax = IN4 = 7,42 kA
Chn loi cu ch 3GD1- 606 5B do Siemens ch to.
V
A
A
Bng 3.27 Thng s k thut ca cu ch 3GD1-606-5B
4.3. La chn v kim tra ptomt.
Aptomt chn theo cc iu kin sau:
* i vi Aptomat tng v Aptomat phn on, dng 3 aptomat trn mttmj bin p.
in p nh mc UmA Ummang = 0,38 kV
Dng in nh mc ImA Ilvmax =
k qt .S dm max BA
3.U dmm
1,4.1600
= 3403,3 A
3.0,38
Chn Aptomat loi M40 do hng Merlin Gerin ch to

A
Bng 3.28. Thng s k thut ca aptomat M40
4.4. La chn thanh gp
Cc thanh gp c la chn theo dng in pht nng cho php, n gin y ta
ch chn vi tuyn cp c dng ngn mch ln nht.
Trang 47
Chng IV.
Thit k mng in h p cho phn xng xa cha c kh
I. Gii thiu chung.
1. Phn b ph ti ca phn xng.

Phn xng sa cha c kh c din tch 1100 m2 gm 70 thit b c chia lm 7
nhm. Cng sut tnh ton ca phn xng l 148,22 kVA, trong c 16,5 kW s dng
cho h thng chiu sng. cp in cho phn xng sa cha c kh ( PXSCCK) ta s
dng s hn hp. in nng t trm bin p B3 c a v t phn phi ca phn
xng. Trong t phn phi t mt aptomat tng v 8 aptomat nhnh cp in cho 7 t
ng lc v 1 t chiu sng s dng s hnh tia thun tin cho vic vn hnh v
qun l. Mi t ng lc cp in cho mt nhm ph ti theo s hn hp, cc ph ti
c cng sut ln v quan trng s nhn in trc tip t thanh ci ca t, cc ph ti c
cng sut nh v t quan trng hn c ghp thnh cc nhm nh nhn in t t theo s
lin thng. d dng cho vic thao tc v tng tin cy cung cp in, ti mch
cc u vo v ra ca t u t cc aptomat lm nhim v ng ct, bo v qua ti v
ngn mch cho cc thit b trong phn xng. Tuy nhin gi thnh ca t s t hn khi
dng cu dao v cu ch song y cng l xu hng cp in cho cc x nghip cng
nghip hin i.
2. Trnh t thit k.
* La chn phng n cp in
* La chn thit b in
* Tnh ton ngn mch h p
II. La chn cc phng n cp in.
S cung cp in cho cc thit b trong phn xng ph thuc vo cng sut cc
thit b, s lng v s phn b ca chng trong mt bng phn xng.
Trang 48
S cn m nhng iu kin sau:

* m bo tin cy
* Thun tin cho vic lp rp vn hnh
* C cc ch tiu kinh t k thut ti u
* Cho php dng cc phng php lp t cng nghip
Cc s s dng trong mng in phn xng:
- S hnh tia
- S ng dy trc chnh
Tu theo cc b phn sn xut m ta chn cc s i dy c th.
III. La chn cc thit b cho t phn phi
T phn phi dt ti tm ph ti ca phn xng c to (68,68)
Hnh 4.1. S t phn phi
3.1. Chn cp t trm bin p phn xng v t phn phi ca phn xng
Trang 49
Cp t trm bin p cung cp cho PXSCCK v t phn phi ca phn xng ti in p

400 V cn phi chu ng dng in l:
Icp =
S ttpx
3.U dm
148,22
=225,2 A
3.0,38
Do chn cp ng h p 3 li, cch in PVC do hng Lens ch to loi 3G70 mm2

c Icp = 254 A trong nh. V trm bin p t ti v tr c to (46,65) nn ng cp
ny c di 111 m
3.2. Chn t phn phi cho phn xng
T phn phi cho phn xng phi gm 8 u ra ti cc t ng lc t t ng lc s 1
n t ng lc s 8. T phn phi phi c Um 0,4 kV, chu dng
Icp 225,2 A u vo v u ra dng in trong khong 100 A.
3.3. La chn MCCB cho t phn phi
* Pha u v pha cui ca ng cp t trm bin p B3 n t phn phi ta t cc
aptomat loi NS250N do Merlin Gerin ch to c thng s nh sau:
A
Bng 4.1. Thng s k thut ca my ct NS250N
Kim tra cp theo iu kin phi hp vi aptomat:
Icp
I kddt 1,25.I dmA 1,25.250

=
= 208,3 A
1,5
1,5
1,5
* Cc aptomat t t phn phi ti t ng lc cc nhm ph ti ca phn xng chn

nh sau:
Imi Icpi =
S tti
3.U dm
Trong Stti l cng sut ca nhm i, Um = 380 V. Cc Icpi ly t bng 2.3. Vi chiu
sng th Pcs = 16,5 kW
Kt qu tnh ghi trong bng 4.2.
MCCB
yn cp
Itt
cc
m, A
m, V
tN, kA
A
P-L1
7,40
C60a
3
40
440
3
P-L2
9,84
-125H
3
125
415
10
P-L3
9,45
C60a
3
40
440
3
P-L4
8,1
C60a
3
40
440
3
P-L5
3,22
C60a
3
40
440
3
P-L6
25,4
C60a
3
40
440
3
P-L7
6,16
-125H
3
125
415
10
P-TCS
5,07
C60a
3
40
440
3
Bng 4.2. Thng s ca cc MCCB dng cho t ng lc v chiu sng
3.4. Chn cp t t phn phi n t ng lc
Cc ng cp t t phn phi n t ng lc v chiu sng c i trong rnh cp
nm dc tng pha trong v bn cnh li i li ca phn xng. Cp c chn theo iu
kin pht nng cho php, kim tra phi hp vi cc thit b bo v v iu kin n nh
nhit khi c ngn mch. Do chiu di cp khng ln nn c th b qua khng cn kim
tra theo iu kin tn tht in p cho php. iu kin chn cp:
Khc.Icp Itt
Trang 50
Trong :
Itt Dng in tnh ton ca nhm ph ti
Icp Dng in pht nng cho php, tng ng vi tng loi dy, tng tit din
khc H s hiu chnh, y ly khc = 1.
iu kin kim tra phi hp vi cc thit b bo v ca cp, y l aptomat:
Icp
I kddt 1,25.I dmA

=
1,5
1,5
Chn cp t phn phi ti t ng lc 1 ( L1):

Icp Itt = 17,40 A
Icp
1,25.40
=33,3 A
1,5
Kt hp 2 iu kin trn ta chn cp h p cch in PVC 3G2,5 do hng LENS ch to

c Icp = 41 A (t trong nh)
Cc ng cp khc chn hon ton tng t, kt qu ghi trong bng 4.3.
uyn cp
PP-L1
PP-L2
PP-L3
PP-L4
PP-L5
PP-L6
PP-L7
PP-TCS
Itt, A
ImA
oi cp
Icp,A
ddt/1,5
17,40
40
33,33
3G2,5
41
79,84
100
83,33
3G10
87
9,45
40
33,33
3G2,5
41
8,1
40
33,33
3G2,5
41
23,22
40
33,33
3G2,5
41
25,4
40
33,33
3G2,5
41
46,16
100
83,33
3G10
87
25,07
40
33,33
3G2,5
41
Bng 4.3. Thng s ca cc cp t TPP ti cc t ng lc
IV. Tnh ton ngn mch h p
Khi tnh ton ngn mch h p ta coi ngun cung cp t my bin p B3 c cng sut
v cng ln v ngn mch l xa ngun nn IN = I=I. gim nh khi lng tnh ton,
y ta ch kim tra vi tuyn cp c kh nng xy ra s c nng n nht. Khi cn thit
c th kim tra thm cc tuyn cp cn nghi vn.
Hnh 4.2. S nguyn l v s thay th tnh ngn mch

4.1. Cc thng s ca s thay th
Trang 51
a. Trm bin p phn xng B3.

Sm=1000 kVA, Pn = 10 kW, Un = 5%
Rb =
2
Pn .U dm
10.(0,4) 2
=
.10 3 =1,6 .10-3 = 1,6 m
2
2
1000
S dmBA
2
U n %.U dm
5%.(0,4) 2
Xb =
=8.10-3 = 8 m
=
3
S dm
1000.10
b. Thanh gp
Kch thc thanh gp h p ca my bin p phn xng l 100x10 mm2 , mi pha ghp
ba thanh; chiu di =1,2 m; Khong cch trung bnh hnh hc D = 300 mm, tra bng 4.5
(Ngn mch v t dy trong h thng in) ta c:
1
1
R0 = 0,020 m/m Rtgha = r0.= .0,020.1,2=0,008 m
3
3
1
1
X0 = 0,157 m/m Xtgha = .x0.= .0,157.1,2=0,063 m
3
3
Thanh gp trong t phn phi chn loi thanh ci bng ng c kch thc 30x3 mm2 vi
Icp = 405 A chiu di =1,2 m; khong cch trung bnh hnh hc D= 300 mm
1
R0 = 0,223 m/m Rtg = .0,223.1,2=0,268 m
3
1
X0 = 0,235 m/m Xtg = .0,235.1,2=0,282 m
3
c. in tr v in khng ca MCCB
* Vi my NS250N c Im =250 A tra trong bng 4.3 v 4.4 Ti liu ngn mch v dt
dy trong h thng in ta c:
Xa1=xcd=0,28 m
Ra1 =rcd + rtx =0,36 + 0,5 =0,86 m
* Vi loi my C60a c Im = 40 A th:
Xa3 = xcd = 2,7 m =Xa4
Ra3 = rcd + rtx = 5,5 +1,3 = 6,8 m =Ra4
* Vi my NC125-H c Im = 125 A th:
Xa3 = 0,86 m =Xa4
Ra3 = 1,3 + 0,75 =2,05m =Ra4
d. Cc ng cp
* Vi loi cp 3G70 th r0 = 0,268 /km ( 200C),=0,111 km
Rc1 =0,268.0,111=29,75 m
* Vi loi cp 3G10 (tuyn TPP-L2) th r0 = 1,83 /km, =2m
Rc2 = 3,66 m
4.2. Gi tr cc dng ngn mch
* Tnh ngn mch ti N1:
RN1 = Rb + Rtgha + Ra1 =1,6 + 0,008 +0,86 = 2,468 m
XN1 = Xb + Xtgha + Xa1 = 8+ 0,063 +0,28 =8,343 m
Z=
RN2 1 + X N2 1 = 8,7 m
Trang 52
IN1 =
U
400
=
=26,54 kA
3.Z N 1
3.8,7.
Ixk1=1,8. 2 .26,54 = 67,56 kA

Kim tra aptomat:
Loi NS250N c IctN = 8 kA < IN1 nn ta phi chn li MCCB v tr ny. Chn loi my
CM1250 N c cc thng s nh sau:
S cc
Im, A
Um, V
IctN, kA
3
1250
690
50
Bng 4.4. Thng s ca aptomat CM1250N
* Vi loi CM1250N c Im =1250 A tra trong bng 4.3 v 4.4 Ti liu ngn mch v dt
dy trong h thng in ta c:
Xa1=xcd=0,094 m =Xa2
Ra1 =rcd = 0,12 m = Ra2
RN1 = Rb + Rtgha + Ra1 =1,6 + 0,008 +0,12 = 1,728 m
XN1= Xb + Xtgha + Xa1 = 8+ 0,063 +0,094 =8,157 m
Z=
IN1 =
RN2 1 + X N2 1 = 8,34 m
U
400
=
=27,69 kA
3.Z N 1
3.8,34.
Ixk1=1,8. 2 .27,69 = 70,49 kA

RN2 = RN1 + Rc1 + Ra2 =1,728 + 29,75 + 0,12 = 31,598 m
XN2 = XN1 + Xa2 = 8,157 + 0,094 = 8,251 m
RN2 2 + X N2 2 =32,66 m
400
IN2 =
=7,07 kA
3.32,66
Ixk2 = 18 kA
Khng phi kim tra aptomat y v n cng loi vi aptomat u ng cp chnh.
Kim tra n nh nhit ca cp 3G70:
Tit din n nh nhit ca cp F .I. t qd =6.7,07. 0,4 =26,83 mm2
ZN2 =
Vy chn cp 3G70 l hp l.
RN3 = RN2 + Rtg + Ra3 =31,598 +0,268 + 3,66 =35,526 m
XN3 = XN2 + Xtg = 8,251 +0,282= 8,533 m
RN2 3 + X N2 3 =36,536 m
400
IN2 =
=6,32 kA
3.36,536
Ixk2 = 16,09 kA
Kim tra MCCB NC-125H c Ict N =10 kA > IN3 = 6,32 kA.
Kim tra n nh ng v n nh nhit ca thanh gp trm phn phi trung tm l khng
cn thit v ta chn thanh gp vt cp.
* im ngn mch N4 khng cn tnh v aptomat l NC-125H.
ZN3 =
Trang 53
V. La chn cc thit b trong cc t ng lc v dy dn n cc thit b ca cc

phn xng.
Hnh 4.3 S t ng lc
5.1. Cc aptomat nhnh trong t ng lc
Vic la chn v kim tra aptomat cng vi cp n cc thit b tiu th in c tin
hnh tng t nh cc phn trn. Do cng sut cc thit b trong phn xng khng ln
v u c bo v bng ptomat nn khng cn thit phi tnh ton ngn mch kim
tra cc thit b in la chn.
Bng5.1. Kt qu chn aptomat v cp t cc t ng lc ti cc thit b trong PXSCCK
g
n MB Ph ti
W
A
Tn my
1
Dy dn
din
A
6
MCCB
nh ng hiu
A
p
9
/1,5
A
1
kiu ai
n
th
an ng
ngang
trn vn nng
y rng
y vn nng
ren
ren
ren
ren
ren
ren
c
Trang 54
I
an ng
an bn
tng nhit
th
V
ct lin hp
ph
n
an ng
29
G1,5
dung dch
nc nng
n dy
n dy
tm c tng
an bn
th
nghim TB
I
u m
luyn khun
nu chy
m thic
II
c ng
an bn
cc tm mng
ph
im
u Selenium
Trang 55
Hnh 4.4. S cp in cho cc t ng lc
Chng V
tnh ton b cng sut phn khng cho HTCC ca nh my
Trang 56
I. t vn .
Vn s dng hp l v tit kim in nng trong cc x nghip cng nghip c
ngha rt ln i vi nn kinh t v cc x nghip ny tiu th phn ln s din nng sn
xut ra. H s cng sut cos l mt trong cc ch tiu nh gi x nghip dng in
c hp l hay khng . Nng cao h s cng sut cos l mt ch chng lu di gn lin
vi mc ch pht huy hiu qu cao nht ca qu trnh sn xut, phn phi v s dng
in nng.
Phn ln cc thit b tiu dng in u tiu th cng sut tc dng P v cng sut
phn khng Q. Cng sut tc dng l cng sut bin thnh c nng hoc nhit nng trong
cc thit b dng in, cn cng sut phn khng Q l cng sut t ho trong cc my
in to iu kin cho qu trnh chuyn i nng lng.Vic to ra cng sut phn khng
i hi tiu tn nng lng ca ng c s cp ko my pht in. Tuy vy cng sut
phn khng cung cp cho h tiu th khng nht thit phi ly t ngun. trnh phi
truyn ti mt lng Q kh ln trn ng dy, ngi ta t gn cc h tiu dng in
cc thit b sinh ra Q nh t in, my b ng b, cung cp trc tip cho ph ti.
Cng vic ny gi l b cng sut phn khng. Khi b cng sut phn khng th gc lch
pha gia dng in v in p trong mch s nh i, do h s cng sut cos ca
mng s tng ln, gia P,Q v gc c quan h nh sau:
P
= arctg
Q
Khi lng P l khng i th nh vic b cng sut phn khng, lng Q truyn ti trn
ng dy gim xung, do gc gim, kt qu l cos tng ln.
H s cng sut cos c nng ln s a n nhng hiu qu sau y:
1. Gim c tn tht cng sut trong mng in.
2. Gim c tn tht in p trong mng in
3. Tng kh nng truyn ti ca ng dy v my bin p
Ngoi ra vic tng h s cos cn a n hiu qu lm gim c chi ph kim loi mu,
gp phn lm n nh in p, tng kh nng pht ca cc my pht in,.v.v..
Cc bin php nng cao h s cng sut cos
1.Nng cao h s cng sut cos t nhin: L tm cc bin php cc h dng in
gim bt lng cng sut phn khng Q tiu th nh: p dng cc qu trnh cng ngh
tin tin, s dng hp l cc thit b in,v..v
2. Nng cao h s cng sut cos bng phng php b: Bng cch t cc thit b b
gn cc h tiu dng in cung cp cng sut phn khng cho chng, ta gim c
lng cng sut phn khng truyn ti trn ng dy do nng cao c h s cng
sut cos ca mng. Bin php b khng gim c lng cng sut phn khng tiu th
ca cc h dng in m ch gim c lng cng sut phn khng phi truyn ti trn
ng dym thi. V th ch sau khi thc hin cc bin php nng cao cos t nhin m
vn khng t yu cu th chng ta mi xt ti phng php b.
II. Xc nh v phn phi dung lng b.
2.1. Xc nh dung lng b
Dung lng b cn thit cho nh my c xc nh da trn cng thc sau:
Qb = Pttnm.(tg1 tg2).
Trong :
Trang 57
Pttnm- ph ti tc dng tnh ton ca nh my, kW

1- gc lch ng vi cng sut trung bnh trc b, cos1 = 0,7
2 gc ng vi h s cng sut bt buc sau b, cos2 = 0,95
H s xt ti kh nng nng cao cos bng nhng bin php i hi khng phi dt
thit b b, = 0,9 1.
Vy ta xc nh c dung lng b cn thit:
Qb = 9040,17(1,02 0,33).0,95 = 5925,83 kVAr
2.2. Phn phi dung lng b cho cc trm bin p phn xng.
T trm phn phi trung tm v cc trm bin p phn xng l mng hnh tia gm 7
nhnh c s thay th tnh ton nh sau:
Hnh 5.1. S thay th b cng sut phn khng

Cng thc tnh lng b ti u cho cc nhn ca mng hnh tia:
Q Qbu
Qbi = Qi .Rtd
Ri
Trong :
Qbi Cng sut phn khng cn b t tai trm bin p i
Qi Cng sut tnh ton phn khng ng vi ph ti kVAr
Q = 10990,48 kVAr Ph ti tnh ton phn khng tng ca nh my
Qb = 5925,83 kVAr
Ri = Rci + RBi : in tr ca nhnh i
1
1
1
Rt = ( +
+ ... + ) 1 - in tr tng ng ca mng,
R1 R2
R7
Rt = 1,65
t
uyn cp
kVAr
Loi t
kVAr
,
PPTT-BA1
,34
67,8
031
C2-0,38-50-3Y3
PPTT-BA2
,34
15,2
78,28
C2-0,38-50-3Y3
PPTT-BA3
3,52
12,4
94,3
C2-0,38-50-3Y3
PPTT-BA4
,32
530
91,78
C2-0,38-50-3Y3
PPTT-BA5
,32
17,9
79,68
C2-0,38-50-3Y3
VAr ng
1
4
2
6
0
Trang 58
PPTT-BA6
PPTT-BA7
,94
37,5
02,75
C2-0,38-50-3Y3
4,83
40,4
76,5
C2-0,38-50-3Y3
Bng 5.1. Dung lng b cng sut phn khng
9
0
Chng VI .
Thit k chiu sng cho phn xng sa cha c kh
I. t vn .
Trong nh my, x nghip cng nghip th h thng chiu dng c vai tr quan trng
trong vic m bo cht lng sn phm, nng cao nng sut lao ng, bo m an ton
lao ng v sc kho ca ngi lao ng. Vy h thng chiu sng phi m bo cc yu
cu sau:
* Khng b lo mt
* Khng b lo do phn x
* Khng to ta nhng khong ti bi nhng vt b che khut
* Phi c ri dng u
* Phi to c nh sng cng gn nh sng t nhin cng tt.
Trang 59
II. La chn s lng v cng sut ca h thng n chiu sng chung.

tnh ton chiu sng cho phn xng SCCK y ta s p dng phng php h s s
dng.
H thng chiu sng chung ca phn xng sa cha c kh s dng cc bng n si t
sn xut ti Vit Nam. Phn xng sa cha c kh c chia lm 2 dy nh:
Dy nh 1: Chiu di a1 = 20 m
Chiu rng b1 = 20 m
Dy nh 2: Chiu di a2 = 35 m
Chiu rng b2 = 20 m
Tng din tch: 1100 m2
Ngun in s dng U = 220 V ly t t chiu sng ca trm bin p phn xng B3.
treo cao ca n:
H = h - hc hlv
Trong h=4,5 m l chiu cao ca phn xng tnh t nn n trn ca phn xng.
hc = khong cch t trn n n, hc = 0,7 m
hlv Chiu cao ca nn phn xng n mt cng tc, hlv = 0,8 m
H=4,5-0,7-0,8=3 m
Tra bng 5.1.TL1 ta c c t s L/H=1,8 nn khong cch gia 2 n k nhau l L=5,4
m.
H s phn x ca tng: tuong = 50 %
H s phn x ca trn: tran = 30 %
ESZk
Cng thc tnh ton quang thng ca n: F=
. lumen
n.k sd
Trong :
F-Quang thng ca n lumen
E- ri yu cu lx, tra bng 5.3.TL1 ta c E=30 lx
S-Din tch chiu sng, m2
k- h s d tr, tra bng 5.2. TL1
n- s bng n c trong h thng chiu sng
ksd- h s s dng
Z- h s ph thuc loi n v t s L/H, thng ly Z=0,81,4
Cn c vo mt bng phn xng ta s b tr bng n nh sau:
Dy nh 1 b tr 4 dy n, mi dy gm 4 bng, khong cch gia cc n l 5 m theo
chiu rng v 5 m theo chiu di ca phn xng. Khong cch t tng phn xng n
dy n gn nht theo chiu di phn xng l 2,5 m, theo chiu rng phn xng l 2,5
m. Tng s n cn dng l n = 16 bng.
Dy nh 2 b tr 4 dy n, mi dy gm 7 bng. Khong cch gia cc n theo chiu
rng l 5 m, theo chiu di l 5 m. Khong cch t tng phn xng n dy n gn
nht theo chiu di phn xng l 2,5 m, theo chiu rng phn xng l 2,5 m. Tng s
n cn dng l n = 28 bng.
Ch s ca phng:
a.b
=
H (a + b )
20.20
a1.b1
1=
=3,33
=
H (a1 + b1 ) 3.( 20 + 20)
B
Trang 60
35.20
a2 .b 2
=4,24
=
H (a2 + b2 ) 3.(35 + 20)
Tra bng ta c: ksd1 =0,46; ksd2 =0,48
Quang thng ca mi bng n:
ES1Zk 30.400.1,3.1,2
F1 =
=2543,48 lumen
=
n1.k sd 1
16.0,46
ES 2 Zk 30.700.1,3.1,2
F2 =
=2437,5 lumen
=
n2 .k sd 2
28.0,48
Tra bng 5.5.TL1 ta chn n si t cng sut 300 W/1n , quang thng 4224 lumen
Tng cng sut chiu sng ton phn xng
Pcs=(16+28).300=13,2 kW
III. Thit k mng in chiu sng
cung cp in cho h thng chiu sng chung ca phn xng ta t mt t chiu
sng trong phn xng gm 1 MCCB tng loi 3 pha 4 cc v 5 aptomat cp cho 4 dy
n 5 bng, 8 aptomat cp cho 4 dy n 8 bng
3.1. Chn MCCB tng
UmA Um = 0,38 kV
PCS
13,2
=
= 20,06 A
Dng in nh mc ImA Itt=
3.U dmm . cos
3.0,38.1
Chn loi MCCB C60L do hng Merlin Gerin ch to, Im =25 A, Um = 440 V, 3 cc.
3.2. Chn cp t t phn phi phn xng n t chiu sng
Chn cp theo iu kin pht nng cho php:
khc.Icp Itt = 20,06 A (khc =1)
Kim tra theo iu kin phi hp vi thit b bo v, khi bo v bng MCCB:
I
1,25.I dmA 1,25.40
=33,33 A
=
Icp kddt =
1,5
1,5
1,5
Vy chn loi cp 3G2,5 3 li cch in PVC do hng LENS ch to c Icp = 41 A.
3.3. Chn cc MCCB nhnh.
Aptomat bo v cho 1 dy n 4 bng:
UmA Umm = 0,22 kV
4.Pd 4.300
=
=5,45 A
Dng in nh mc ImA Itt =
Udm
220
Chn 13 aptomat loi NC45a do hng Merlin Gerin ch to c 2 cc, Im = 6 A, Um =
400 V, 2 cc.
3.4. Chn dy dn t t chiu sng n cc bng n.
Chn cp theo iu kin pht nng cho php:
khc.Icp Itt = 5,45 A (khc =1)
Kim tra theo iu kin phi hp vi thit b bo v, khi bo v bng MCCB:
I
1,25.I dmA 1,25.6
=
=5 A
Icp kddt =
1,5
1,5
1,5
Vy chn loi cp ng h p 2 li x 1,5 mm2 cch in PVC do hng LENS ch to c
Icp = 26 A.
S nguyn l mng in chiu sng chung cho phn xng sa cha c kh.
2=
B
Trang 61
Trang 62

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Tm kim & download ebook min ph:

Ti liu tham kho

Hnh 1.1 S mt bng nh my s 6.

m dung dch kim

xc nh ph ti tnh ton mt cch chnh xc l rt kh khn v ph ti in ph

Bng 2.1. Phn nhm thit b trong phn xng

Stt = Ptt2 + Qtt2 =

Phng php ny hay c dng cho cc thit b m c th ph ti t bin i vi

Ptt = k max .k sd . Pdmi

H s cc i kmax l t s c xc nh trong khong thi gian ang xt v n thng

i vi mt nhm thit b th:

thi gian kho st, kW ,kVAr

Ch : Nu trong nhm thit b c cc thit b lm vic ch ngn hn lp li th cc

+ Trng hp : n > 3 v nhq < 4 khi ph ti tnh ton c xc nh theo cng

Trong : kpt l h s ph ti tng my

Immax : l dng nh mc ca thit b c dng m my ln nht.

Pt t= kmax.ksd. Pm =2,64.0,15.17,35 = 6,87 kW

Qtt=Ptttgtb =6,87.1,33=9,14 kVAr

Vy dng in tnh ton :

Bng 2.3. Ph ti tnh ton ca PXSCCK

=1.110,08 = 110,08 kVA

Stt = Ptt2 + Qtt2 = 81,12 + 65,42 = 104,18 kVA

b/ Cc phn xng cn li c tnh hon ton tng t, kt qu ghi trong bng.

Pcs kW Qcs kVArPl kW Ql kVAr

Bng 2.4. Ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng trong nh my.

Qttpx kVAr Sttpx kVA Itt

2. Ph ti tnh ton ca ton nh my.

P ttnm =kt. Ptti

Q ttnm =kt. Qtti

ng trn ph ti ta chia ng trn ra lm hai phn :

+ Phn gch cho : ni ln cng sut ng lc ca phn xng

Cng nh trn ta tnh ton cho cc phn xng khc ta c:

Vy ta chn my bin p tiu chun Sm = 1250 kVA.

0,7.S tt 0,7.(2262,18 104,18)

Vy trm bin p B1 t hai my bin p Sm = 1250 kVA.

a.2. Trm bin p B2: Cp in cho ph ti ca phn xng c kh s 1.

Vy ta chn my bin p tiu chun Sm = 1250 kVA.

Vy trm bin p B1 t hai my bin p Sm = 1250 kVA.

Vy ta chn my bin p tiu chun Sm = 1000 kVA.

0,7.S tt 0,7.(1717,4 148,22)

Vy trm bin p B3 t hai my bin p Sm = 1000 kVA.

Vy ta chn my bin p tiu chun Sm = 1250 kVA.

Vy trm bin p B4 t hai my bin p Sm = 1250 kVA.

Vy ta chn my bin p tiu chun Sm = 1250 kVA.

Kim tra li dung lng my bin p chn theo iu kin qu ti s c,

0,7.S tt 0,7.(2239,65 113,82)

Vy trm bin p B5 t hai my bin p Sm = 1250 kVA.

Vy ta chn my bin p tiu chun Sm = 1600 kVA.

Vy trm bin p B6 t hai my bin p Sm = 1600 kVA.

Vy ta chn my bin p tiu chun Sm = 750 kVA.

Vy trm bin p B7 t hai my bin p Sm = 750 kVA.

Vy ta chn my bin p tiu chun Sm = 2500 kVA.

0,7.S tt 0,7.(3692,32 113,82)

Vy trm bin p B5 t hai my bin p Sm = 2500 kVA.

Cn c vo v tr ca nh xng ta t trm bin p B1 ti v tr M()

Bng 3.2. Tnh ton v tr t cho cc trm bin p phn xng

Bng 3.3. V tr t cc trm bin p phn xng trn thc t

hnh phi rt cao, n ch ph hp vi cc nh my c ph ti rt ln v cc phn xng

Chn my bin p tiu chun Sm = 7500 kVA.

Vy ti trm bin p trung gian s t 2 MBA loi: 7500 kVA 35/10kV.

Hnh 3.1. D kin cc phng n cp in cao p

Hnh 4.2. S i dy phng n I

n u t cho trm bin p: KB =3588,2.106

Cc cp t TBATG v cc trm bin p phn xng u l cp l kp nn: