9) Draw ht ( Draft) system is essental to Produce required flow of fl4e Gat through Various ducts, Stacks or Chieney- — Draagint occurs > Drofp eaat—be thas two ty Pes C4) Naturol draught (2) Mechanical dvaught pecause of density difference C1) Natural Drauyht ( refer Fra. on Next —_F Slr de ) E RKeher Re, frwig rer Dras_ oY Pressure difference CaP) Aez ¥H ($a- 84) —@® Noustrat draugint ve pecured- because of de asi i 2 as shown Mh ey) Hence with MMcrease i egmbenaner of gaa Te, average density of ageses decrenses and draft Ty Cr ead Tapered Shape of stack i.e ges ould Cross sectional aver is less tym GS inlet Cross sectional avea, which Helps Lo imtrente the speed Of y Jas towards ortlet Few ofGas to atmosphere Exhaust flue gas Fig. 4.14 Draught produced by a chimney62 Wee evaa because o. HiDrast Loss takes place” heat “exchangers Pio \qced or the wad sf flow of gas, wall friction. To overcome nese loss, Chimney herght should be enough tall: But Most of tre tim@, SACK ot chimney oy its heat alone is mot Suffrerent to okgergy Oven Pressure (draft) loss occured becuuse of \lavious Causes ( frickin, heat exchangers ef7.), ia such (ase Fans are added for getting desired flow ey Ges throw Stack , and lente to overcome pressure losses. Atktr addition of fans te system, naturel draft will be termed aS "mechanical Drage".@3) From equation (L) > Dpz YH(%-9) —7@ Pressure differences Prcclerakim due te Gravity KX Stack hergyht x C pensity of air — Aug: gus density) Unit of Pressure 1s N/m% ¢=9-8l m)s?, Sa C¥a|m*), $y Ck gdm). _> Volume of 1 KE of cir, at sTp- Pig9.<2 RT mF 273 2 9.7783 ( Pee sagas 9 (@ Volume of cir supelred 9 Sor Combustten: 7 vy = 0° 7933 Ang 8 7 At PHC VX, — Volume ef ra arr Per jeq fuel at terapentire ze » Mew will be Vo =~ G:F 733m (4) = 4\ i Va. OF F3a (x 273 Va = Yger wi. rs O° F 733 m ~ Sq 273 Ta 2 2ts | Sa = Th x 0-773 cas Sas 4-233 CG) “ft > pass of flue gas will be Cm+ti) ky ag m Fg air t 14 cool Combusted- Let Hoe flue gas hat temperature Ty: Now, Ye. Ya Te Ta m+! Ces ces Vo % Tq = ys Vy 6-7733M es & ai. g 22 Fore U" &), Ta 273 m+] 273 = > SOK y T, 0° 7733 ™ 353 4 4 Gy,~~ Justification wrt Paye @¢ Port -TY that rz sf pec, VAT and for Gir, WE mez wiite ing Aisi ave fir BAY ap Macs MT serra me ae Mg. Vag. . Ys a C = Constent ( hy z Or Tk comstex pow piston is why 0° foqe GB) - rare Cot) of charter facls aed ee oe He ee Na a 7 oasumning, Kal RT Aa on ay cov guts YG ERATE Me pt The abe Ma Ba Ae % " ®, Buk - Pg = Fa oly, Ba Assume festery Now “osing equation @, we Cee Prev 270° @ is true, because ©” ‘© ts obeaices frown oy ©, ; oc vefor Pow venta Solution, op Probleuy Liven om FHC QF) of pact- GD) of alta guels and tng he “88 ¥4, ma = 26 4C/.Wa) +327 02) ma + 40¥CX Ar) , jj DRO TS Soy Oty +4er 0-0] = 26-46 KS vo] L 2.0-376 > (DL) es CF) ey se, eae a en assur p lions Is 55m o pocreet nt re Moz = a Ta(5) Draft Produced, j-e Usene 2" OO), APs 353 -(9-H)] ae - mt = | Ls) sf Deatt is measured in terms of Water column, and if hed value h ram, 23%" ® can be writtenas AP = 38w ¥-lh *109) = to $-h x10? 2 3534-4) | - mat 7 | eee wlan = 35 3(H)| 7m ae where ‘h in mm, Hin M- Nw Article X% Dispersion of flue ga at Stack exit ( Refer figure Ate in mext side) os wees ro QWs 245 s oa bk F wskail velocit (m/s) Vw = Gx vel = SS coe ener \_, CARSON ona Moses Correlation Be: ey ees -Ta) fort gas ectVirtual source Wind velocity Concentration profile Fig. 4.15 Dispersion of flue gases at stack exitCoptrmum ) Condition for Mmeximum® Discharge ( wig) en thy | As 3 4; Sy and draft increases (24"-@ Page 81) But with ncreace in is efficiency of boilet decrecues Hence y Opeiraum ty , ardount of wr draught Produced will be optinaum, Dailer will be opkiroum at +nat point. can be obtained of Hence, Optimum disclha Y follows - Le Oe = Ng —> ag © As, 84h 7 oy -=@) $ % =C ay where 4 is hot gos Colournn in my @ sow = AP a4 (% Sa- 84) AP = gh 5 iE Hy > H From eg: (F) Page a ene ie ei = —99—— i . My Pe-(H)] 2353 "fe = ea] Brow €4”° ©), rergeB4)@ . +(e ss -'| —+@ mt Es @ be tormm23, fusing ey” @Q&@ ind) " = ben jag hy ae & pc me a h(t, 2-1] ao a A: Oe EG : ’ Te Thaxihuny discharge vs funch of fe dm 6 > ae =O <= a it e+ = Tar T; = 3 | f m+ rived, - Tan he a oP’ ye 2 Cay) © en), (ale © substiteting” Ty in ey (4), aves q 7.0 © ©hervgbt of tne hot gus is. tre le her umn 1S ce ee diecdigeG: A boils Uses 2000 ke /nr of toal. The tempe~ rature of air sugplidd is 300K; And Average Lerperoture of fe gas Jeauing Chimney 15 650 k- The 33-™ high steel Chimney Produces a draught of 20 ram Of eouttr Column - peter mine the Cu) Quantity of air supplied Per keg Coal (ib) Draw im terms of Yh coloumn of hot rues camerty 0 cc) so pte peoverl al to get flow velocit? see 218, pase GS) kon = a) - mt! solu" 3 = 3534 (*% mt assuming 15 UStd chimney, ms = a yl — in SBSH eS [ 303 we G50 ee Cb) AP ASH __- efer page G6) where M = asa (Tt Jae v Ps 20° = From 4°) CGH), P= 353 oS) nde HOSTS 3 mn 4"), ene Hoe Hf bo Te 21] 9p BB EE - Foon 0°G) ee GF) bye HERS Et] 8 wn 2 -| — __* F 3sm\—co) eye et 4 ete) where d= base diamettr of Chimney, m Qy = Volume flow rete of gos ro* see G,= a FH. my = & Fp 3 and ge 24M in #9 sec pow, Equahen Cc) pecomes, oe 7 2 Bat x [2p hyee, —@) where vg = qpbltle wows flo rate of total Cenre) flue 4s = (rari) ¥% of gut per F4 fuel cooks coal Per her “gt sueelied Uke FO 15 foe wnais Of air suerlied 2 Per ky Aaa mi . ye 2000 y3)2 Ws! . . WORE ieee Cr+ 19°73) sec i eee Pom 2, a = % a x assixas orl gives [d= 76 ™ whith js base dyavnektr of alk : Chinn NY >Be Mechanical Draw Cem — Lt is Produced by fans. — Why mechanical draft ts essential ? Ansuey hey bee Fiver i'n pee Gl), G2), fart -IZ- — To get mathunieal draft - 4wo 4ypes of fens ave Used "Forced Draught (FD) Fans 27? Indueed proft CLD) Fans — FD fans are installed at the inlet to He air Preheatoy. (refer Fig O37 im the next - Pogye /s\rde) — FD fans handle cold air - FD fans Pash atroospher(c Qi Hough — the air Prehewter, dampers, and burners {nto the furnace. — fower wegnired to drive the FD fans is 4iven vy, Py = ACAD xv xAfep ep Forrowlt a Fel duming rate, Fee Volume Flow vote x Pressure kag a a a, fuser Ale= Wa = Air io key per hy fae) N= Speerfre Volurne of inlet aint Alip= Pressure bend, N/mn® rs ty ee Qe Seer AN Le ne unit< ~< > A To turbine Drum . Desuperheater ® Main stop valve } y ~< AK»! (x Reheater (RH) . f |— To IP turbine 150°C |} OK 7] Drum internals TTA h A Blowdown —<§$— S . From HP turbine fa Risers Stack be Down comers ——+ CSH Wind box oon = 1 Economiser Primary air + coa 450°C |_ O~< FW from HP heater 2 ® APH FDfan |. > 2 = TOES +t yv : Electrostatic 4 li J Air precipitator 1p fan atl ie +r ra ESE) ( 2 Baffles| VCOFL ChLI* * J f A oh —“< < ¥ —"| yo [< Yaa Coa Burners J S—O Ya Coal S Secondary air < Clinker Siumepamp Wes Primary air grinder Ash | 7 s 777 (PA) y Ash a , =———— > = — > Tubemills oo = ._——_—o Spo Water =( ) Fig. 6.17 A typical natural circulation water-tube boiler To site of disposalID fans are tostalled at the foot of the stack ( Refer Fro. 61% On the an Pag) evi OUS TD fans handle ot flue gases, fly ash- — Ip fans sucks owF Lovo! dae heat transfer surfaces ou superhenktt relhonters, eConomiser, air prenenter, dust colletio = oand Avscharge into the Sack: : , weit 4) we oPrp ae Fe = tt ip) ) C power) rp Me fluc Fares —> A AYprcal large Power rlant (600 Mwe) may reynire two 1320 Kw forced drat © fans and fw? 3000 KW induced draught fans:cs Q-1t) comput the Mator corny needed for FD fan sf — Coal burning rate Cryo lo t/, ~ Cob Coal analtsis:- Ca F8/, He 8/, OF 8/ S43, m27f, aes/ — excess att = Zo / - plenum char ber Cair chamber) Pressure = 1G tom wake aye — mechanical efficiency of the far = 60/ — Room Lempecattre = 30%. De solu! - fp ies “Len wheres = p00 K5_ MS acoo «Sec Wa = 430%) = (4) Ape 43 ane c+ sees (HS) 44-35f wpe 43 os yo-#8 + 34:5 (903-92) 4axo0! |. p= aso7 Keait__ fA (or) jeg fuck Us air = o. = 028% % 302 - ogg me loi-325 Es APep = SwH x1K0x%103, Ney <6, ne 90.5 KalQeo.-2 BE for the boiler with data given ih q-5), if draty produced by re fan ‘s ogo mw water F442, the temperature is tect and fen efficcency is $24, Find \n€ pooter Capacty of the TD fen. Solution: — ID fan moter Capacity, poo CitWa) Vs x APrp >= . "ro Refer oye Nor 63), 64) af Part Cm), ASBK oy v . ys —-- ais sh Ups Obs Sk 4 - Lye [223 yp, 1 some (1 12:3) x1 28x 2gOHT RIEIXY fsp © Csr Pep = 233632G4) Pressure and flow measurement fe Pot Py where Pp = Total Pressure, NJm2 Pee stekic Pressure, Amt yz Dynarore Pressur?, N/no* — frre Tokal Pressure head to be Prod uced Mp the Fon Cot) (Q-: A forced draft fan suprlies air at toms against a draught of 20mm of water qevoss the fuel bed. Estienate the Power requir@ to run the fan £ 200 Kafr of coal is Cormmsumed and 16 k of air fs supplied Per ke of coal burned. The Lemperature of the flue gar and awibient: | air wom be taker ad Gook and 300K, cpeageivdy cf we forced drawyht fan is replarad an induced “draught “fen , had will be Me Powts veyitad fo drive the fun ?. a SErNAD Var ABD ; Ten meres lee Nppey (net sei, a sdead ces) Apps Pst+Pppsoe Ks létegair . PRBS eo ERET x ner xl 4%) Peo = > L Usins Now 3 *% Pay = RT | +s Mere BE afters ") _ g: TE pe | oamyxaeo| ~ 7294 = PotPp ane at St TF 40 ar Gai) Aoalt = 1176 = SHhwake + 2k Se ae = foooxs:é! x 20x10 + izex Co? = eevee 2500. 16 . ‘ Pepe Beet ele i848 Yer? 255° floks oe Ww a For EP fan NSyOe Ss [ree ros! Pee a ee eon “Text 283 O62 wh re ‘+ coo 4% Aty= Peep + fe. = Sthwaker + 21M CGM =) = \o00K4-B1 K2OHB Hp O 628% C00)" 2) = 2274S Nm? PL. 2500 * CIEE) KEK 22 FSH 2600 ogg. 22 Wot Uap et