(| tering acinar ince Cont rscansn ation ong Do seceeccoine <7 30% «a 88 Range Quartile deviation Based on position of the observation in the distribution Mean Absolute Deviation Standard deviation & Variance Measures dispersion around the mean or the average Gen Bntonorrorre By meereae—— (| tewrng reaction ipMode=normel = recent a emepae Calculating Mode of grouped data + where: L=lower boundary of the modal class; fm = the frequency of the modal class = a a a + fr =the frequency of the pre-modal dass; fm#1 =the frequency ofthe post-modal class J i iaumnarnnmncne a a a Example: Find the modal value ofthe height of employees from the data eee ‘Cass Boundaries Clas Mlapoints Frequency (en) ® 0 160 unser 165 165— uncer 170 70~ under 178 eee 175 uncer 180 air) “nn tr 100— uncer 185 195 under 190 ‘tear heDoesnt (0 eterna acini ithrcnunce=fetaCorettnue i Node=normal = escent a emepee Z score explained ‘The numerical value ofthe Z-sore reflects the relative standing ofthe observation. The 2-Scare ofan observation isthe dstance between that observation and the mean ‘expressed in units of standard deviations. So: a a “Alarge positive Z-score implies that the observation is larger than most ofthe other s a a observations. “Alarge negative Z-score indicates that the observation is smaller than almost al the other observations. 2 same +A score of zero or close to 0 means that the observation is located clase to the mean of the | # ssssemcimn dataset some norrennes bemu}/Ro eo Example A sample of 120 statistics students was chosen and ther exam resultssummarsed, | sss min ‘the mean and standard deviation were shown to be:mean = 53%, st dev. = 7: Alok and ere Rakesh are two students in ths class and Aol’s exam result was 47% what washer Z-scare? | unamce Rakesh’s Z-Score is 2, what was her percentage on the exam? Maa