ACEE 225(02)

HYDROLOGY LABORATORY

 2
2.1

2.2
2.3
2.4

2.5
2.6
2.7

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 2
2.8

2.9
2.10
2.11

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2.1
(hydraulics)
(hydrodynamics)
(hydrostatics)

:

[F/A]

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2.2
.
A point property (A 0)
(+) .
=

= lim

: kg/cm2, ton/m2

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2.3
(water body)
0

: 0( = 0)

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2.3

= 0,

= 0,

= 0

= sin = 0

= cos

=0

= cos , = sin
= , =
= =

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2.3

.

(Pascals law)

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2.4
?
?

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2.4
3 = , ,

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2.4


2

= 0

= 0

+ = 0

= 0,

=0

total derivated
.

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2.4
.
= + 0 ( )

AB .
= + 0

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2.4

(hydraulic head) = =

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2.4
2.1(p. 36)

= ?
= 0.7

5m

1m

A
B

= ?

= 1.0

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2.5
(Pascals law)
, .

1 = 1 /1
= 2 /2
= 2

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2.5

(hydraulic jacks), (lifts), (hydraulic press)

(, )

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2.6
vs.
=( )
.

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2.6

, , 0.

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2.6

> 0
= 0
< 0
- ()

,
= 0,

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2.6
Torricelli
= +
,
=

1 = 760 mmHg = 10.33 mH2 O = 1.033 kg/cm2 = 1.013 105 N/m2
= 1.013 bar = 1,013 mb = 1,013 hPa = 101.3 kPa

HYDROLOGY LABORATORY

2.6
2.4 (p. 39)
= 760 mmHg, = 3 kg/cm2 ,
?(ton/m2 , 13.6)
)
= 760 103 (m) (S )
= 760 103 (m) 13.6 1ton/m3
= 10.34 ton/m2
= (3 103 ton)/(104 m2 ) = 30 ton/m2
= + = 40.34 ton/m2

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HYDROLOGY LABORATORY

2.7
(piezometer)
(manometer)
(simple manometer)
(differential manometer)
(micro manometer)
U(U-tube)
(inclined-tube manometer)
(multiple fluid manometer)

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2.7

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2.7
Bourdon

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2.7
(piezometer)
= + 0
=

.
=
1 10 m

, .
.
.

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2.7
U (manometer)
+ 1 1 -2 2 = 0
= 2 2 1 1

= 0

, 13
.

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2.7
(differential manometer)
+ 1 1 2 2 3 3 =
= 2 2 + 3 3 1 1

.
1, 2
.

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2.7
(micro manometer)
= (/2)

1 = + + + +

2 = + + + +
= + 2

= +

,
.

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2.7
(inclined-tude Manometer)
+ 1 1 2 2 sin 3 3 =
= 2 2 sin + 3 3 1 1

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2.7
2.6 (p. 43)
S = 0.9, S = 13.6, h1 = 5 cm, h2 = 10 cm, h3 = 20 cm ,
?

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2.7

= ?

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Q&A

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