DISTRIBUTED CONTROL SYSTEM

( DCS )
FOR THERMAL POWER PLANT

SHIVAJI CHOUDHURY

OBJECTIVE OF DISTRIBUTED CONTROL

SYSTEM(DCS)

Safe operation of plant

Lowest cost of generation
Longest equipment life
Minimum environmental effect
Maximum efficiency
Energy conversation
DCS

BENEFITS OF DCS

High reliability
Improved response time
Improve operator interface to plant
Improve accessibility of plant data to
engineering & management personals
Historical storage and retrieval system

DCS

DCS HARDWARE

Controller card
Input cards (4-20mA,
Thermocouple,
RTD,Digital,SOE).
Output cards(4-20 mA
,digital)
Power supply module.
Communication card
Cables
Controller with input/output
card

DCS

MAN MACHINE INTERFACE

CRT/TFT MONITOR
(OPERATOR
WORK STATION)
LVS (Large Video
Screen)

PRINTER
DCS

DCS Architecture

LOCAL JB

CONTACT
INPUTS

LOCAL JB

LOCAL JB

CJC BOX

E
-

ANALOG
(4-20mA)

DCS

LOCAL JB

T/Cs

RTDs

POWER
AMP.
MOTORISED
VALVES/
DAMPERS

OPERATOR WORK STATION

Alarm monitoring
Mimic /graphic display
Trend display
Operator guidance display
System & diagnostic display
Control
Bar chart
Sequence display
Fault analysis display
DCS

DISPLAY-mimic

DCS

DISPLAY-mimic

DCS

TRENDING

DCS

LOGS / SUMMARIES / REPORTS

EVENT ACTIVATED LOGS -.alarm log ,trip
analysis log, start up log
TIME ACTIVATED LOGS-shift log, daily log
OPERATOR DEMAND LOGS- summary log,
performance log, maintenance log
SEQUENCE OF EVENTS LOG
DCS

REPORTS

DCS

AUTO CONTROL LOOP

Coordinated control
Total air control
Super/reheater temperature control
Mill out temperature control
Hot well/heater /deaerator level control
Drum level control
Furnace draft control
DCS

INTERLOCK & PROTECTION

Interlock & protection are used for safe startup
/operation /shutdown /trip /of any equipment or
auxiliaries, e.g.
CW pump, ID Fan , FD fan, BFP, CEP, Mill ,PA
FAN
Heater
Valve & drains

DCS

BOILER CONTROLS

Burner management system

Secondary air damper control
Aux pressure desuper heating system
Soot blower control
Hp by pass

DCS

TURBINE CONTROL SYSTEM

Turbine governing system

Turbine protection
Automatic turbine run up system
Turbine stress controller
Lp bypass
Sequence controls for turbine driven BFP
Generator aux monitoring
DCS

PERFORMANCE CALCULATION

Boiler efficiency
Turbine
HP/IP/LP turbine
Feed heaters
Deaerator
Condenser
Air preheater
Unit heat rate

DCS

TYPICAL DCS OF 500 MW UNIT

No of inputs
No of outputs
Operator Work Station
Large Video Screen

DCS

13750
7250
8
5

THANKS

DCS