Lp: in T 1- K33

Tiu nhm: 1
H tn
1. Phan Vn Th Anh
2. Nguyn Ngn ng Hi
3. Trn Vn Chng
S: 03

im

Ngy 07 thng 06 nm 2010

MSSV
1070986
1071002
1070990

BI TP MCH XUNG

Nhn xt

:
Bi 5.3. Hnh (H.5.27) l s nguyn l ca mt mch ui mui (Trch
t tp ch IN T s thng 5/2000-63).

(H.5.27)

IC 7556 c s dng trong mch thuc h IC nh thi, gm 2 IC 555

ng chung trong mt v.

a- Sinh vin hy suy lun suy ra chc nng ca chn 3 v 11. Hy cho
nhn xt v cch b tr cc chn ca IC 7556.
b- Sinh vin hy xc nh cc mch in c bn c s dng trong s
v nu nhim v ca cc linh kin c trong s .
c- Hy v dng ca cc tn hiu ti cc ng ra ca cc IC1, IC2a, IC2b,
IC2c, IC2d v suy ra nguyn l hot ng ca mch ui mui trn.
Bi lm
a. Chc nng ca chn 3 v 11:
IC 7556 gm 2 IC 555 ng chung mt v cho nn cc chn chc
nng ca IC 7556 ging nh cc chn chc nng ca IC 555 nhng vi s lng
mi chn gp i. Ta s da vo cu to ca IC 555 suy ra chc nng chn 3
v 11 ca IC 7556.
- IC 555 gm cc chn: Trigger, output, reset, control, threshold v
discharge
- Trong s mch IC 7556 c cc chn: Trigger, output, reset,
threshold v discharge
+ Nh vy cc chn khng c v ra l cc chn 'control'
Chn 3 v 11 l 2 chn 'control' ca 2 IC 555 bn trong IC 7556
Nhn xt v cch b tr cc chn ca IC 7556:
Ta c s chn ca IC 7556 nh sau:

Ta thy cc chn ca mi IC 555 bn trong IC 7556 c thit k trn

cng mt dy chn. Vi thit k ny s to thun tin cho ngi thit k khi v
mch.
b.Cc mch in c bn c trong s :

- IC1 l IC 7556 kt hp vi (C 1, R1, R2) to thnh mt mch dao ng a

hi phi n v kt hp vi (C2, R3, R4) to thm mch dao ng a hi phi n th
2( kiu dng IC 555, v bn trong IC 7556 l 2 IC 555).
- IC2b kt hp vi (C3, VR1) to thnh mt mch dao ng a hi phi n
(kiu dng 1 cng logic) c tn s iu chnh c.
- IC2d kt hp vi (VR2, R5) to thnh mch cho php hot ng theo
nhit ca mi trng.
Nhim v ca cc linh kin:
- IC 7556 to ra 2 chui xung tun hon
- R1, R2 v C1 m bo cho mch dao ng a hi phi n hot ng
- R3, R4 v C2 m bo cho mch dao ng a hi phi n hot ng
- IC2a, IC2c, IC2d c vai tr l cc mch iu khin
- IC2b to ra chui xung vung tun hon
- VR1 v C3 m bo cho mch dao ng a hi phi n hot ng
- VR2 v R5 m bo cho mch hot ng t ng
- Loa to ra sng siu m
- R6 hn dng qua loa
c. Dng ca cc tn hiu ti cc ng ra ca cc IC1, IC2a, IC2b, IC2c, IC2d:

Nguyn l hot ng ca mch:

- Mch ui mui hot ng theo nguyn tc, ng ra ca loa to ra tn s
khong 22kHz.
- Hai IC555 bn trong IC 7556 c mc theo kiu mch dao ng a hi
phi n. IC ny s to ra 2 chui xung c tn s dao ng khc nhau lm ng vo
cho IC2a.
+ Chui xung th nht c to ra chn 5 c tn s khong
0.0145 Hz (T = (R1+2R2)C1Ln2 = 68.6 s => f = 0.0145Hz)
+ Chui xung th hai c to ra chn 9 c tn s khong
0.011Hz (T = (R3+2R4)C2Ln2 = 91.5 s => f = 0.011Hz)
- IC2a l IC cng NAND 2 ng vo, ng ra tr v mc 0 khi c 2 ng vo
u bng 1. IC2a nhn 2 tn hiu l 2 chui xung t IC7556 to ra chui xung

ngu nhin, c rng xung khc nhau. Chui xung ngu nhin ny s l mt
ng vo tn hiu cho IC2c.
- IC2b l mch dao ng a hi phi n th 2 trong mch. Khi mch ny
s to ra mt chui xung vung tun hon c tn s iu chnh c. Tn s ng
ra ca IC2b ph thuc vo gi tr ca bin tr VR1. y l khi mch s to ra
chui xung c tn s cao (khong 22kHz ) ui mui. V chui xung ny s
l ng vo tn hiu th 2 cho IC2c.
- IC2c s ly tn hiu c cung cp t IC2a dng nh l 1 tn hiu iu
khin cho php m cng hay ng cng. Khi tn hiu t IC2a mc cao th s
cho php chui xung c tn 22kHz t IC2b i qua v khi tn hiu t IC2a mc
thp th ng ra ca IC2c lun bng 1. IC2c co tc dng to ra s ngt qung ca
chui xung 22kHz kh nng ui mui s tng ln.
- V mt iu c mch ui mui ny l n c kh nng t ng tt
m theo nhit . Chc nng ny c thc hin bi IC2d, cng l cng NAND
c mt ng vo iu khin cho php m cng hay ng cng.
+ Ban ngy nhit ca mi trng cao, cho nn nhit tr R 5 s c
gi tr thp. R5 v VR2 to thnh cu phn th cho nn ng vo iu khin s
c mc logic l 0 ko theo ng ra ca IC2c lun l mc 1 v loa s khng
hot ng
+ V m nhit ca mi trng thp, cho nn nhit tr R 5 s c
gi tr cao cho nn ng vo iu khin s c mc logic l 1 cng c
m cho php chui xung ui mui i qua (c cung cp t IC2c ), lao s hot
ng v mch ui mui s pht huy tc dng.
iu tt nhin l mch ngng hot ng vo ban ngy v hot ng
vo ban m c chnh xc th phi iu chnh VR2 c g tr hp l.
V tn hiu to ra l chui xung ngt qung cho nn n s c tc dng cao
hn so vi mt chui xung c to ra lin tc. y l im rt hay ca mch
Bi 5.4. Hy thit k mt mch dao ng a hi phi n dng IC 555
cung cp tn hiu cho mt n LED vi cc yu cu nh sau:
Ngun cung cp: Vcc = 5V. Tn s nhp nhy ca n khong 1 Hz. Trong
mt chu k, n chy khong 1/3 thi gian v tt khong 2/3 thi gian. n LED
khi chy c sng va phi.
Bi lm

Mch c thit k c s nh hnh (H.1):

(H.1)

IC 555 to thnh mch dao ng a hi phi n c tn s ph thuc vo

thi hng RC.
LED c phn cc nh sau:
+ Khi ng ra ca mch dao ng a hi phi n (chn 3) mc cao th
LED tt
+ Khi ng ra ca mch dao ng a hi phi n mc thp th LED chy
Chu k ca tn hiu to ra ph thuc vo thi gian np v x ca t C:
+ T C s np in qua 2 in tr R 1 v R2, tng ng vi thi gian t C
np th chn 3 s mc cao LED tt
+ T C s phng in qua in tr R 2, tng ng vi thi gian t C phng
th chn 3 s mc thp LED chy
Nh vy thi gian LED chy v tt s khng bng nhau v thi gian LED
tt s ln hn thi gian LED chy
Chn linh kin:
- Dng IC NE555
- Chn R1, R2, v C sao cho tn s nhp nhy ca n khong 1Hz
Chu k ca tn hiu: T= 1/f = 1s
Do trong mt chu k, n chy khong 1/3 thi gian v tt khong 2/3 thi
gian. Gi T1 l khong thi gian n tt, T2 l khong thi gian n chy
Ta c: T = T1+T2
Vi T1 = (R1+R2)C.ln2
( thi gian t np)
T2= R2.C.ln2
( thi gian th x)
Ta c h phng trnh:

(R1+

R2).C.ln2 = 2/3

R2.C

.ln2= 1/3
y l h 2 phng trnh 3 n s, ta s chn trc gi tr ca C, sau
suy ra gi tr ca R1 v R2:
+ C = 0.1uF R1=R2= 4,8M
+ C = 1uF R1=R2= 480K
+ C = 10uF R1=R2= 48K
+ C = 100uF R1=R2= 4,8K
mch chy tng i n nh, R c chn khong vi vi chc K
tr ln, v vy ta chn C = 10uF v R1 = R2 = 48K
- Phn cc cho LED chy va phi. Hiu in th ca ngun l 5V. Ta chn
dng in qua LED khong 10 mA LED sng nhng khng lm qu hao
nng lng. Hiu in th gi hai u Led khi phn cc thun l V LED = 2V, gi
s ng ra ti chn s 3 ca IC555 khi mc cao l 5V v mc thp l 0V. Khi
ta c:
Khi LED chy:

Vcc V LED
10mA R3 =300 . Ta chn R3= 270 Led
R3

sng hn mt cht.
- Ngoi ra IC hot ng tt ta mc thm t 0.1uF vo chn s 5 ca IC
555 chng nhiu.