“Aqgiqvatosgo oyvig — (@) Aymqeyoruco dng (P) AMTTIQRTTOXUOS 97845 (0) (j¢ ur xaqeu uopysuET ay¥Ig —(q) (s)p utersas ayy yo uoroun; zeysueI], (2) : SuEmoyoy ay} ouTULIeJe(] ‘Otez OTe SUOTITPUOD TeNTUT eumssy vom-(2) wr ove Or(0)-C3) [i SLs] aq waysks e jo [opom amis ey) 4] T ‘syxeur penbe Ax1e9 suorsonb [Vy ‘suoysenb GAjy Aue Jansuy sure oy : uMUDKOYT simoy earyy, : aU, AYOTHL TOULNOD NUACOW BuproourSugl suayskg tomog raqseweg ISA ‘10% Ud ‘NOLLVNINVXA AAUDAC “WLW (ID 119 HSd/LIN) “4 4, a a84. (a) What are the advantages of state space modelling? () Explain the state model in Jordan canonical form. Write short notes on the following : (a) Saturation (6) Dead zone (©) Backlash (@ Jump Phenomenon. Determine the describing function for a now linear element define by ey = X°(t), where X@)= 2, sint and eg in the about of now linear element. Consider a non linear system with equations my =W8x +p, X2 =, —_— 9, using Krasovskiis method investigate the stability of the equilibrium state. Briefly explain the Lyapunov second method and direct method of Lyapunov 2 (MT/PSE 511 (11) Determine the optimal control law for the system 0 ° ‘) x+|1|u such that the described by <= (S 3 performance index J= flee) dt is 3 minimized. Write short notes on : (a) Linear quadratic regulator (6) Hamiltonian method. 3 @FT/PSE 511 (11)b F OT 8 Q spueursg @I St 148 &% 9¢ 18 @L 66 8S Lo sg 0S 08 S9 96 sl 8 96 86 29 0@ 6L 6 OF &L syddng Gq GO @ V oL : Uraqorg UerEZIodsuvszy, SULMOTIOF 3Y} JO UOTWNIJOs Teudo oy] put, "e wos ar anw aA ww ‘og telly Te oes tag Lz ixg+ tx soy q0alqng txg+txg= 2: extra 2 poygeur W-Sig Aq woyqoad qr] Surmoyjoy oy onpog —*g ‘eajog pus [Lady jo your ox ur ys09 woronpoad oy azruTUTUE 07 woigoad ou} eqeTnu0,y ‘syyuN Areyeuour OOF pUe OOg ore IeFEN UEYOY puB UBjog qe syuETd Ioy ep tod s3s00 Suywredo ou, ‘seomp yM-J Jo SeTHOq OOO'PH PUB J8Eg Jo SeTII0q QOO'OF ‘HIST Jo sopz0q 000'0% Jo pueuep & oq [[TM oxo} ‘Udy Jo YyuOUL oy} SuLMp Jer} SoyeoTpuT Kaas yoysew y 000g 000g some ymay 0001 0008 wog, 00st 00st ASTM TeaeN UEyOW weg SYM, ‘ye syueyq 1 SMOT]OH Se exe Bp lod poonposd so[yiog Jo sequin oy, “soomp yay pue sosg ‘AysNYA syuLIp g soonpord queyd ype “eden WeTOW, 38 soUjo pure UBjog ye po}Po0] ouO ‘suET Sug J suy poyUNy soEMerg suDOW-ueYON —“T (pepmuteg ore sorquy, aNsHEIS) -“syreur yenbe $u1e9 suoysonb Ty “suoysenb gr Sow roMsuy Scpremr oy, : umUTEE YY smoy eam, : wry, SSNVINHOGL NOMVZINILEO SureemBug swoysig romog pur somoxooIT roMog (Jeysemleg ys.11q Jo pus ou} ye UoyeUTUTEXG) “6002 HOUVW/AUVNUGHA ‘NOLLVNINVES TEUDAC WAL! (CAN) TIS HSd/SdHid/LIA)(CAN) IIs ASd/SdEd/LI) a “4800 S1o7uaaut ‘[e}0q pu oBeyoYs Jo ToAoy umumdo Og eupmzsjoq ‘umune sed rom sad 0g'T “sy eq 0) UMOTH st 1800 oSujx0yYs oY, ‘ozts Saf 0} peqe[er Jou St YoTYA “OST “BY Sf Japro UE Baroy Jo 4800 ou “SopIsag “OP'S “SU St TEX ¥ Oy yP04s UT OqHy w Poy oF 3509 Oty PUB OT “sy 87809 oqny Youg[ “ody UTEII90 w Jo Saqny jo Jequmu fenbe Ue speou 41 YONA sof wok v UT SIs AT, 000Z seanpord Auedut0o SuLMyouRUEUT AT, Y (q) -aseo sryy UT e215 Jo] aTMONODS oy Pury“ *y < ly 5, eno sonyuENb 205 *y pure B, sojoq sonmuenb soy ty Aq wai st ys00 Surpjoy oy) osoddns ‘eyes puewop yureysu09 pue oSepr0ys ou quounysrueydex yp0js snosUEIUEISUT YIM JopoUr sysTUTUZE}9p oy] UT (e) *g “Kpoedes aoeds QT pesoxo [km omy SuyTem oy] FEU kaTERqOIM oy, (2) “zopz0 ue sourd 07 SMopUTA suy SoyDEET IOWOJsNd v EU ow SuNTWA poqoodxe ay, (q) - “oTpt st Aamrowy oup yeu Auntqeqord oy, (e) FaEMOY[OH Oy oTTTULOZOC, ‘soqnurUr g*T Jo WeoUE v YITAA TeIMOUOMXS st LoMOysno red oUNy ooLAIOS BY, “Atesseoeu JY oowds SKY} episno yea wes sxeo LOyIQ “poaros Zutoq auo ayy Surpnyour ‘s1wo QT JsouNe eyepoururosoe Wed MOPUIM oy} Jo wo; ur oouds oY, “seINUTM g AxeAD SIO Z JO 9JeI ay} Je LONNGIySTP uosstog @ 0} SuIpiosov ALLE sxe “MOpULA ULeAaLp ouo sey yremMeysor poy ysey y *, 6 FI Sl LT OT OL 8 OF 8 :ounL IHD 4d O90 @ V P4ML 1 SMNOT]OF Sw ST se YR Jo oKeTduTod Jo (Shep UT) OUT O49 OYA Ed JBoULIO oy pur ‘sysv] Jo couenbes oy) quesesdar 0} urEASEIP momTe UE MEI‘ T > D'T> > O 9>0 ‘H>d ‘A> a ‘E>V ‘a> V : uoTeroU SMB UNM “Wieq wee € axoyeq poysmuy oq qsnur x ysey oy) I sueoUT £ > x uOLRIOU OU, “waload v ayNISHOD | ‘HO ‘a ‘YW SHSBL () “uorjonaysu0s ysOAYoU Jo SEMI dIseq By} aqLLOSAG] (B) “9 ot L v os 6 9 g oF ST 9 g oe z a & ge 6 & g rL 8 g za et 8 8 z oT SUL INSMSSEg OU API ISOW eUMONSTEMNdQ ATANOy :ureaBerp yaomyou ary Burmesp £q Surmoyjoy oy} Joy couwLA st pue qooford oy) Jo uoYeInp poyodxo ‘yyed peoMD om] ouNMIEq -¢ “suoHyrpuoo reyon-wyAYy Saysn ‘es tet fg I)- ps tre Ine 0} qpatqng (9- *)+ (T-x)=(a)y oz poctets: OT= xt fxs Bg 4 x “RE OSs gs Sx Ixy gT= fxg + Sxgt 07 goatqng Pe See + Ort ee 7 1 KBYAL : swe|gord Summuneso1d xeauyy Supaowpog oy BAfOg “ssnostq] gsonbrmppay uorpezturydo JO spoyjeur snouma oy} ame ye -suroqqoxd uorezrmydo jo wornfos omy UT s[apou Jo soueziodur ey ssnosiqy ZuoKNTos [or Jo S[epour peoreMToNyeEE Aq quest St ETA ‘syreun penbo Azzeo suoysenb [Ty ‘suonsonb mAT Aw romsuy syTeur oy: UMD SANVINHOML NOLLVZINILEO SupsuBug sureyskg ramog pue sorrorpa[g, temog (@) (8) soy aerqy, : SUIT, (aeqseutag 4ysxIy Jo pus oy 4B ToTeUTUEXG) “0L0Z HOUVWWANVONATA ‘NOMVNINVXE APUOIC "PAL W (QIN) IT WSd/SdadsLA) (CIN) TTS WSd/SdAd/LIAD v “p= 2x, lxor 07 qoolqng & eaten tan "2 : wargord SupururesBord opxyour088 oy oAfoS “poyorysorun %x pue gz ex‘tx pe he Oxy es txg— te g= ®xpt txg— tx +} syupeageuoo ary 04 qoofgng typ tet = Z UN +H uro[qoxd Sarmoqpos om Jo TENP Oya TEIO @ @) 8Solve the following assignment problem : Job/Machine 1 2 3 4 5 A 11 17 8 16 20 B 9 7 12 6 15 c 13 16 15 12 16 D 21 24 17 28 26 E 14 10 12 1115 Solve the following linear programming problem, by Big ‘M’ method Max Z =~2x,—x, Subject to Bay ty =8 x, +8x, 26 By +2, $4 xy, 20 ‘A company has 4 ware houses and 6 stores, the cost of shipping one unit from ware house i to store jis Cy 7107478 516538 1o=[ey-|\, 37910 469008 and the requirements of the six stores are 4, 4, 6, 2, 4, 2 and quantities at the ware house are 5, 6, 2, 9. Find the minimum cost solution. 2 (MT/PEPS/PSE 511 (NR)) (a) (b) Job 1 Job 2 (a) (b) Solve the following assignment problem : Men ‘ eam n|n rome ofS Bt a old 3 4 6 1 5 Jam ow yw Use the graphical method to minimize the time needed to process the following jobs on the machines shown below, ic for each machine find the job which should be done first. Also calculate the total time needed to complete both the jobs. Sequence of Machines: A B C D E Time 12 38 4 6 2 Sequence of Machines: C A D E B Time 74 5 38 2 6 Solve the following (2 x 4) game: B Inmiv AI22 3 -1 143 2 6 Explain how simulation can be applied in case of electrical systems. 3 (MT/PEPS/PSE 511 (NR)-qndur doys qrun 03 w104848 oqp jo astiodsex yndyno om pura "fo T= fi = tok ol ‘lo “ete ef eae moysks om sof jepowr aywys yonmysU0Q (q) = (s)9 worsuny xeysue.y Aq poytosardor guieysks & Jo uoryequesoxdox aIqerea o7Is Jo seBvyuwape oy oe GM (2) “T “syswur penbe A1zvo suoyjsonb [Ty ‘suorsonb a ATy Sure romsay sypreur gf, : umUTBCEP smoy eon, : SUIT, KYOMHL TOULNOO NUICOW SupoouSug suAShg Tomog pure soTLONDSIS TOMO (zeysoureg ysu1y Jo Pue oy} Je UOTFeUTUTEXG) “6008 HOUVIVANV NATTA ‘NOLLVNINVXS, SUDA WAL Ww (CAND 31S BSd /SARAALID(b) Find eigen values and eigen vectors : f o 1 0 Az; 3 0 2 | 12 -7 6 3. Consider the system given in fig. use the describing technique to investigate the possibility of limit cycles in the system. If a stable limit cycle is predicted, determine its amplitude and frequency. 4, (a) Describe common types of Non-linearties available. (b) Explain how the stability of a Non-linear system can be predicted using Deseribing function analysis, 2 (MI/PEPS/ PSE 512 (NR)) 5. (a) State and explain second method of Lyapunor. (b) Consider the system described by &, =x, and #, =-x,—x, +2. Investigate the stability of the equilibrium state, Use the direct method of Lyapunor. . 6. (a) What are the limitations of Lyapunor’s method for stability analysis. (b) Explain the variable gradient method. 7. (a) Explain the main features of optimal control problem, (b) Briefly explain the fundamental theorem of calculus of variations. 8. Consider a system described by the vector differential equation oL 0 e-[p ol X(t ‘The control signal is set as u(t) = —x, - kx,. Design gain ‘A? so that the performance index. J =} XT «at j is minimised for X[0]=[1 1". 3 (MT/PEPS/ PSE 512 (NR))cuoyisoduovap Joryereg (Tt) pus wortsoduiosep apwaseg (1) “qndqno pesmbex ow UE ay Ysnoyy quaxmo 94} Mojeq TeAIs ydomyou oy} yo uonbe 9783s om UTEIGQ (2) “T “syreur fenbe Lureo suorjsonb Ty ‘suonsanb qALq Sue romsoy sxpreut oy, : umumceyy smoy sary, : euNty, AYOTHL TOULNOO NYAGOW SauresmBug suoskg romog pur soTMOADOLT TOMO (reysomteg gsm Jo puo op ye UoreuTUTEXG]) ‘0103 HOUVW/AUVNAE A ‘NOLLVNIAVXS GIUDAC WALA (CAN) IS ASd/SdAdALYD(a) Explain how controllability and observability of a linear system can be checked. (b) State the properties of state transition matrix, (©) Obtain the transfer function corresponding to the following state model. a (5 2-0] uy=[L Olx (a) Classify different type of non linearities with illustrate example, (b) What are singular points and explain then importance in the analysis of non-linear systems. Using describing function technique, investigate the possibility of limit cycles and then nature for the following system. 2 Er — - E, lard 2 (MTI/PEPSPSE 512 (NR)) (a) Explain main features of Lyapunov's methods. (b) Using direct method of Lyapunov, determine the stability of the equilibrium state of the system with 4-[2 1 and ¥= AX. (a) Explain various methods available for the generation of Lyapunov’s function briefly. (b) Explain Kvasoviskit’s method in detail, (a) Briefly explain linear quadratic regular. (b) Explain the problem of constrained minimisation. Consider the plant :-[7 a «(fhe with performance index. J= fet vu!)ae. Test 3 whether an asymptotically stable optimal solution exists for this control problem. 3 (MT/PEPS/PSE 512 (NR))“Aqron sf sounozsuwexy oy Jo oxpex suANy OU, sogiSSou st quoquco ofddes 9yy pue snonuyuos aq oy poumsse sf"7 quoxmo pnoy oy, “Ajddns 2yy 09 ‘A OZT 8 0} pojoomuoD st SY UL UMOYS AaATOAUODTUIES OU, “sypreur Tenbe Are suonsenb 1y ‘suogsenb Ara kaw romsuy sysmewt oy, | umumepy smoy sony, : oWny, SUALUAANOOD WAMOd TLWLS AITOS SuysouIsug, sua4shg OMOg (goysourog qartg Jo pue ou 7e woTeUTuEXG) “6002 HOUVIWANV ONES ‘NOLLVNINVXG FSUDAC PSL TW (CHIN) 81S HSd/SdHd/ALD) (CAND eI¢ dsasatayLW) F “s10}. Jean] Jo eBeyjoa Indyno oy) UT sopMoULTEE oy sonpea 0} posn ‘[reyep Wr spoyzotr omy Aue ure “8 uonempour yypEs as[nd [eprosnuig (0) woryemmpow yypim esqnd edymyy (4) worempout yypra oan opBaKg —(e) szoqs0aut aseyd opus ut pasn spoyjou yoryuoo oBeyoa Burmoyo; oy urepdxy —*L(a) Express the input current in a Fourier series, determine the harmonic factor of the input current, displacement factor and input power factor. (b) If the delay angle is a 24. calculate V,., V, and power factor. 2. (a) Explain the operation of three phase full wave converter with neat diagram. Also draw the waveforms for various voltages and currents. (b)’ Explain the extinction angle control of power factor improvement in phase controlled converters. 3. (a) Explain the principle of phase control in AC voltage controllers. (b) 2 (MT/PEPS/PSE 513 (NR)) ‘The ac voltage controller shown in the figure has a resistive load of R=109 and the input voltage is V, =120 V (rms), 60 Hz. The delay angles of thyristors T, and T, are equal : oy =a, -@ “> Determine (i) The rms output voltage U% Gi) ‘The input power factor Gi) The rms current of thyristor. 4. Explain the operation of single phase transformer tap changer for different voltage control ranges. Draw the voltage wave forms. 5. Assingle phase fulll bridge inverter is connected to an RL loud. For a de source voltage of v, and output frequency fF obtain the expressions for load current as a function of time for the first two half cycles of the output voltage. Also derive the expression for steady state current for the first two half cycles. 6. (a) Draw and explain the operation of three phase bridge inverter for 120° mode VSI,. (b) Explain briefly the comparison between VSI and CSI. 3 (MIYPEPS/PSE 513 (NR))(ID €19 ASasLIAD @ “soyoeordde yory pue preg, Aq saroueSuyu0g, uo sojou 4Z0yS OFA “roqoxy uoRNGLASIp gis uoreroues soy uoTssardxa ay) UTEIGO @ () “sour e[diypnw Suraowrar pure Surppe ayy urepaxgy “uoryenba xiyeur oouepadurt puw uoyenbs xpyeur souRTMpE ayy UTEIdxe Apartg -moigoxd moy peop aseyd eartyy Aop emyonays weadord xoynducos oy ureyaxsy ‘suoyenba soy temod aseyd sary Jo uoyepruroy oy) wrEfdxgl @ () “oryytO8 fe oy jo woreyromeydu roy sdoys oats pue wysTo03[e siskjeue romod peydnooep-7svy eatx0(] jurepdxe uoryenbo wayshs aomod oyenustoy NOK TILA MOY “Byep snq pue eyep au oy2 uoays wropqord MOG Peo] IO} sosnq jo uONLoNTSsep oYy wTeTdKG -gonbrmyey UONBULLEJsHEN TeaUT, UO soyOU 4204S eITTM ‘owes sureuor uorsueup oy) 1ey} Kem w YoNs UT payout st quowiya mou B WeYyA Snq 7, Jo SUoT}BoyTpOUT 4of suoryyenbe Aressa0au ay} ATO speoy Jo Surjapopy, uonequasexdes yrs oseyg @) @) @ () 1 WO SaqOU FAOYS 97M, ‘eysew enbe Atreo suorjsenb [Ty ‘suorjsenb ATA Sue remsuy syTeW Q) : UMUIEXEYAy SIWHLLSAS UAMOd NI SCOHLEN USLLNAWOO Surrsourfing sureyshg romog yoysauleg 4ST] “BL08 WadV ‘NOILVNINVXE ATAOA “WAL W (11) 19 ASA/LWD smoy sexy], : OWT,dopey oMod pue somod umureu ayy, ) quexmo peoy SWY Jo ones umunxeu ayy, (a) o[aue Burxy jo aSures joxuco ayy, (8) apemnotes G € = "TM PUR OF =A ‘2H OS ‘A 08 eBByoa A[ddng “sprerep BuymoTfoy otf} SPY PLOT TY YA Tofu aBeyoa oe PT Ve -“srayoAuoo paywynuuod our Jo suoNpuor{dde pue sefejueape ayy axe Ty {Woy jo yore urepdxe pue syuowosorduy tojeyzamod axe YM “o0@T pur Gh =D JOJ PpOUE VOISIOAUT PROT TY WTA Toyxeatt09 ym aseyd opus e yo worjeredo ayy ‘outoyoaem pojvioosse pue urererp quau Jo doy ym uepdxg —T “syreur fenbo Azzeo suosenb TV ‘suonsonb GALy Aue tomsuy syteur oy : UNUIEE, smog aay : SEL SUALYAANOO UAIMOd ALVLS AITOS asd/Sdad Aaysoulag ISAT G10Z Td V ‘NOILVNINVXG FHLMC “WOW (QIN) 819 ASd/SAAAALIN)(@) ‘The maximum values of average and RMS thyristor current (©) The maximum possible value of a that may occur in the SCR () The conduction angle for @ = 0° and a@ = 120°, assuming a gate pulse of duration a radian. What is a cycloconverter? Draw a cireuit diagram to explain the operation of 19-19 cycloconverter for resistive load. ~ 3¢ bridge inverter is fed from a de source of 200 V. If the load is star connected of 100 phase pure resistance, determine the RMS load current, the required RMS current radius of the thyristors and the load power for (a) 120° conduction mode (b) 180° conduction mode. Design a series inverter to meet the following specifications. The frequency range 1 to 4 KHz joad resistance varies from 25 2 to 100 Q. The peak load current is limited to 8A and the supply voltage is 100 V. 2 (MT/PEPS/ PSE 618 (NR)) Write short notes on the following : (@) Single PWM (b) Multiple PWM (© Sinusoidal PWM @ Modified PWM. Write short notes on the following: (a) Space vector modulation (b) Harmonie reductions : ( Advanced modulation techniques. 3 (MT/PEPS/ PSE 613 (NR))we ureyqo 0} pormbex st 4 JT “UOL = SF eouysrsex peo] oy} pue Ajddns 7H OS/A 806 payeutos — € ‘g-g eB Woy poyesodo St JoqroAUOD oABA — Y[RY eseyd oom y (a) “o0ST = 2 pue .Gp=0 acy spour uoTsroAUy (It) epour Surgooy (1) sepout SurMoT[oy ayy UE 10].10AK09 eSpuq peyforuos Aqmy oscyd — oars B Jo woreredo oy ‘sursojoawm pezeioosse puw wesSerp queu jo dpoy ous wpa urepdxgy (2) T “syreur enbe Aires suoysenb [py ‘suoysonb gAT Aue 1emsuy syreur oy emUpE, smoy oot], : SUI, SUDLYAANOO UAMOd HLVLS 10S SupoomBug sureyshg Jomo (sojsoureg 4s11,J Jo pus ex} Je WoreUTMEExG,) ‘010% HONVIVANVAN ATA ‘NOLLVNINVXG FaRUDAC PAL TW (CAN) 81S HSd/SdHdALIN) (CAN) 81S Sa (SAHA ALIN) ¥ ‘sxoqueauy Jo suoreoyddy — (9) woyonpex oruouLteET (4) senbruypoy woryempour poouvapy (#) : Buymorjoy op Uo seqou 4Z0YS OEM “Wadd eexBep 009 (2) ‘TWoTyeNpour 104994. soedg = (q) Wd Pepresaug (2) : sxeqroaur oseqd oom Jo spoyjour joxtos oBeyon Surmoyoy ayy urerdxs(a) (b) (a) (b) (a) (b) (a) (b) f@) (b) Discuss how an elliptical characteristic is realised using static comparator. Why is an elliptical characteristic used only for back up protection? Discuss how swivelling characteristic is realised using a phase comparator. Discuss about the static differential protection of three phase transformer. Give a detailed comparison between static relays and electromagnetic relays. Discuss the protection aspects of radial feeder and parallel feeder using over current schemes. ; What is the use of optical fibers for the protection schemes? And explain, How can a quadrilateral distance relay be realised using a microprocessor? Explain the generalized program flow chart for digital distance relay using 8086 microprocessor. Explain about the microprocessor based reactance and mho relays. What are the various transform techniques employed for digital protection? And explain. 2 (MT/PEPS/ PSE 514 (NR)) 8. (a) (b) With appropriate cirouit diagram explain the principle of operation of rectifier bridge type differential relay. Draw the block diagram of instantaneous and definite time static relay and explain their operation. 8 (MT/PEPS/ PSE 514 (NR))GT=10'F gs Sx + tr Tey Q~ z Sxg— Fx 4 tag — Gs ox— T+ leg 03 poqoalqng ’xe Oxgt trae ezrUrOT “porjour xepdunrg Aq suzojqoad Sunmuvsiord rwouy Surmoyjoy ou oafoy —°zZ “porjout [eorqdess omy urepdxg = (q) “Ayoug uroyy wredxg, gypreosex urersdo ur seseyd orseq oy} ore yey (%) ‘T ‘sypxeur Tenbo Atreo suorsonb Ty ‘suonsenb gAlq ue remsuy (penruied ore opquy, TBONSITEIS) syTeur 0), : WUE sanoy cary, : our, HOUVASHY SNOLLVUAdO SupresuBug weyshg 1emog soysoutog 9sA1y] “GL08 TIHdV ‘NOLLWNINVXE AUDA PAL W (IDV F1S HSAALIN)Solve the following NLPP with graphical method and using Khun-tucker conditions. Minimize x =x," +x," 2 +x, 240 Subject to 2x, +r, 250 Ky yty 20. Obtain the initial basic feasible solution of the following problem by Vogel’s approximation method and optimal solution by MODI method. 12 8 4 5 Supply Center 1/100 1250 200 140 35 400 2/50 70 60 65 80 200 3} 40 90 100 150 130 150 Demand 100 200 150 160 140 Briefly explain the PERT and CPM. Write short notes on : (a) Free float (b) Total float (c) Independent float (@) Rules for constructing an arrow diagram. 2 (MT/PSE 514 A(11)) (a) Generate three random numbers based on the multiplicative congruentional method using the following initial values b=9, e=5, uy =11 and m=12. (b) What is Simulation? How the Simulation model are classified and explain them. ‘A ship is to be loaded with stock of three times. ‘The minimum cargo weight the ship can take is 11 tonnes and the details of the three items are as follows. : Item Weight (tones) Value (units) 1 2 7 2 3 10 8 1 3 Find the most valuable cargo load without exceeding the minimum cargo weight by using demonic programming. 3 (MI/PSE 514 A(11))(GIN) FI9 USd /SAAALND & -rossonoadozoqn @ Sarsn £e[ax quorrN9 doao euOYPErp v jo woHEZTPAr oy] aqEIOSAC] (q) “sheyar OUjA| pus sauByover peseq sossosordox1 ayy qnogqe urefdxg (2) “g “skeper Jeuonoenp eounzovex ‘oouepoduy poseq xosseoordoxorut Jo opdournd gurysom oy qnoqe upeytxy (q) ssurtgrio8ye Surejoz eoweystp Jo voyeyuouepdur oy ynoqe uredeg (8) *L qureydxe pure worjoaqoad peqaep x0g pooydera sonbraypey suxojsues) snopes om ore ey (4) yskejer quoxmo s9A0 poseq rossoooxdozorur jo eidwurd Suppiom yj ynoqe ureldxg (@) "9 “sKujer uoroeyord poseq xossooordoxonu ayy jnoqe uredsg (q) -ureaSerp yeou Wis separ quoamo seao o1yeys jnoqe uredxq (e) “g ‘xoyereduroo opngydure Sarsn Avjar peyusrayTp oneys ey ynoqe uye[dx™ (q) -wesSerp yeou WIA soyereduios eseyd Suisn sdepor sowezsrp areas Jo edrourrd Sunpiom om qnoqe uredxy (6) “'p {skefar oneuseuror9979 xea0 skepax o1yEYs Jo soBuyUwApE ou are wy (4) {S0aem Suyoawry pure Suruqysy ysurese quoudmbe ureyshs somod oy} yoojord nod ues soy ple soFez[oa aso Jo sasnvo ayy ame UM (e) “E gure|dxe pure souroyps uorpayord ou} TOF sxoqy yeondo Jo sn omy sx ey (@) gowoyps Surddixy taysuery yowor = goa om qnoge urefdxe pue Ava ayy Jo yeor-seno pme yeorsepun fq queour st yey (e) qurerdxg pue yzomjou SurpeBesses ques souenbos — aseyd yo ouoyrudis oy) srIeYM (4) “yomgou urayss Fomog ¥ Jo uorejoad oyy x0 pasn seuIeys aarjooj01d B Jo soytenb a[qemsep oyj qnoqe uretdxy (e) “1 -syreut penba £ueo suoysonb [Ty -suorjsenb sfAqy Aue raasuy syteur oy | umuepy smog sary, : eury, NOLLOGLOUd WAESAS UAMOd CHONVACV (zeqsowrog yeny Jo puo oy qe uOUTUEXsT) “6002 HOUVN/AU VNU ‘NOILVNINVXE AHADAC “PLN (GIN) F1S HSd /SdAd/LW)(MT/PEPS/PSE 515 (NR)) M.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, FEBRUARY/MARCH 2010. First Semester . COMPUTER METHODS IN POWER SYSTEMS Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 marks 1 (a) (b) 2. (a) b) 3. (a) (b) 4. (a) (b) © Answer any FIVE questions. All questions carry equal marks. Form the Element node incidence matrix, Basic cut set incidence matrix of the network shown below. Assume any missing data. (10) @©-if , © ® Briefly describe the representation of a network component in : @ Impedance form and (i) Admittance form. (4) Derive the models of : @ Fixed tap setting transformers (off nominal) Gi) Phase-shifting transformer. (8) Draw the Armature equivalent circuit of the idealized three phase generator showing balanced no-load voltages. Indicate all the quantities. 3) Draw the convergence characteristics of NR and FDC methods used to solve power flow equation. @ A system consists of 10 buses and 16 lines. Among the 10 buses, one is slack bus, 4, 5 buses are PV buses and remaining are load buses. @ What is the size of Ysus and how many non-zero diagonal and off diagonal elements are there in the Yaus? (i) What is the size of Jacobian matrix, if the system load flow is solved by NR Polar version, Derive the equations for the Jacobian elements. (19) ‘What are the probable causes of poor convergence of Gauss-Seidel method? @) Draw the flow chart of a three phase ac load flow iterative sequence. (6) Explain the structure of computer program to three phase load flow. (0)5. Derive the admittance matrix equations of the following system. Also draw the final equivalent of the system. (14) we & op t-© ©) dy (a) Explain the main steps of a general purpose fault program. @ () Briefly explain the various assumptions and flow diagram of FDC method. @ Current injections into the system shown below cause voltages at selected buses given by V2 = 0.98 Lo, ‘Va = 0.985 [or, and Vs = 1.0 [or, all in PU. Predict changes in the bus voltages when line 2-5 with 0.04 PU reactance and line 4-5 with 0.8 PU reactance are simultaneously added to the system. (14) @ Jo-05 @ | 20-08 a6 jo? L + £ dor. -@e J0-05 -J30.0 - - - - 710.0 ~j22.8667 - - - L=| 0 JG =~ j24.80467 - - J20.0 6.667 4.664728 — j8.845793 - 0 0 J20.00 j8.761164 — j0.195604 1 0.8383 0 - 0.6667 0 - 1 ~0,699708 —0,291545 0 - = 1 — 0.188058 -0,806300 - - 1 - 0.977995 - = - ~ 1 2 (MT/PEPS/PSE 515 (NR))8. (a) Build Zaus for the following system using step by step algorithm. (10) Or Le doe 2 . (Le Fo4|| 9% a Oy ® ® (b) Explain the procedures for the Modification of Zsus when following changes are done. @ Removing an element (not mutually coupled) Gi) Removing an element (mutually coupled). 4) (MI/PEPS/PSE 515 (NR))‘ (MT/PEPS/PSE 515(NR)) M.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, FEBRUARY/MARCH 2009. First Semester COMPUTER METHODS IN POWER SYSTEMS ‘Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 marks Answer any FIVE questions. All questions carry equal marks. 1. (a) Explain the necessity of transformer modelling for power system studies. (b) In a four bus system, a generator connected to bus-3 and a motor connected to bus-4 having reactance equal to 0.15 pu are connected through their respective transformers having X_ =0.1 pu. Generated e.m.f of generator connected to bus-8 is 1.25 | 0° and internal voltage of motor is 0.85 | -45°. Line reactances connecting buses are Xs, =X,, =0.25 pu, X_ = 0.125 pu, Xo, = 0.2 pu,X,, =0.4pu. Develop the nodal admittance matrix for each of the network branches and then write the nodal admittance equations of the system. 2. (a) Derive the expression for the loop impedance Zig, using singular transformation in terms of primitive impedance matrix z and the basic loop incidence matrix C. (b) Derive the expression for Zo), for the oriented graph shown in fig (1) below. oy i 8 ‘ . Fig. 1 3. (a) For the network shown in fig .2 obtain complex busbar voltages at bus (2) at the end of first iteration, using fast decoupled method. Line impedances are in p.u. Given Bus (1) is slack bus withPy +jQ, = [V3 [$1.02 P, =2.0p.u Assume V? =1| 0° and Vj =1.02| 0° Fig. 2 (b) Describe the Newton-Raphson method for the solution of power flow equations in power systems deriving necessary equations. 4, (a) What are the acceleration factors? Explain their importance in power flow studies. (b) Describe load flow solution with P.V buses using G-S method. 5. (a) Develop the necessary matrix of Fault admittance matrix in phase and sequence component form. (b) Develop the necessary matrix of Fault impedance matrix in sequence component form for a three phase fault at a bus in a power system, for short circuit studies. 6. (a) Derive the expressions for bus voltages, line currents when a three phase. Symmetrical fault through a fault impedance océurs at a particular bus, using bus impedance matrix. (b) A three phase fault with a fault impedance of 0.16 p.u. Occurs at bus 3, for which Z,, is given by : 1 2 3 1 | jo.016 jo.08 —jo.19] Zou = 2 | 50.08 §0.24 — j0.1 3 ~ jo.12 j0.16 0.34 Compute the fault current, the bus voltages, and the line currents during the fault. Assume prefault bus voltages 1.0 per unit. 7. (a) Form the bus impedance matrix Zp,, of the network shown in fig 3. _@ ® 3 a ie it . . @ Ot © Vig. 3 2 (MI/PEPS/PSE 515(NR))(b) (i) Modify the bus impedance matrix obtained in part (a) to include the addition of an element from bus 2 to bus 4 with an impedance of 0.3 and coupled to element 6 with a mutual impedance of 0.1 Gi) Modify the bus impedance matrix obtained is part (i) to remove the new element from bus 2 to bus 4. The data is given in table (1) Table (1) Impedances for Network: Self Mutual Element Bus code Impedance Bus code Impedance number P-q Zana r-s Lease 1 1-2(1) 0.6 4 1-2(2) 04 1-2(1) 0.2 2 1-3 0.5 1-2(1) 0.1 3 34 0.5 5 2-4 0.2 8. (a) Formulate the power flow problem and show how it ean be solved by Decoupled method. (b) Explain how the voltage controlled buses are touated in the above method. 3 (MT/PEPS/PSE 515(NR))8. (@) (b) Explain the importance of switching over voltages in EHV power system. How is protection against over voltages achieved? Estimate the over voltage produced on the insulator string on a transmission line tower if a 10 kA lighting stroke directly hits the tower ground wire. Assume the surge impedance of Hine to be 400 chm; surge impedance of ground wire 350 chm, tower footing resistance of 40 chm and tower surge impedance = 135 ohm. 4 (MI/PEPS/PSE 516 (NR)) (MT/PEPS/PSE 516 (NR)) M.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, FEBRUARY/MARCH 2010. (Examination at the end of First Semester) Power Systems Engineering HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING Time : Three hours Maximum : 70 marks Answer any FIVE questions. All questions carry equal marks. 1. (a) What are electronegative gases? Why is the breakdown strength higher in these gases compared to that in other gases? (b) Deseribe the various factors that influence break-down in a gas. 2, (a) Give the mark circuit arrangement for multistage impulse generators. 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DEGREE EXAMINATION, APRIL 2012. First Semester Power Systems Engineering HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING AND INSULATION Maximum : 70 marks Answer any FIVE questions. All questions carry equal marks. Define Townsend’s first and second ionization coefficients. Explain the Townsend's criterion for a spark, State and explain Paschew’s law. A 100 KVA 2500/200 KV feed transformer has resistance and reactance of 1% and 5% respectively. Their transformer is used to test a cable at 400 KV at 50 Hz. The caste takes a charging current of 0.5 A at 400 KV. Determine the series inductance required. Assume 1% resistance of the inductor. Also determine input voltage to the transformer. Neglect dielectric loss of the cable. What are the requirements of a sphere gap for measurement of high voltages? Discuss the disadvantages of sphere gap for measurements. Discuss various methods of measuring high de and ac currents, Discuss vatious methods of measuring high impulse currents. Explain the function of discharge device used in a power capacitor and explain the test for isocracy of their device. Describe various tests out to be carried at on a C.B. Write short notes on the following : (a) Lighting phenomenon (b) Surge diverters. Briefly explain the principle of insulation coordination on high voltage and extra high voltage power systems. Explain the gas insulated substations. List out the advantages of gas insulated substations. Difference between the gas insulated substation and air insulated substations. 2 (MIVPSE 5168 (11)