LOCATION OF ELEMENTS OF A WELDING SYMBOL BASIC WELDING SYMBOLS and THEIR LOCATION SIGNIFICANCE Fish symbol Groove Ange tncaged Ava | ‘Set | Filet | Plog or Sit Baska | Stud | Are Spot conte — Lenn t wei agra Ettective Throat — | Field Weld symbol ARROW Syme oprstnpenen \ At Say | Jo Fetes eoesoeanne | S20) 7 || Ae | oO size for certain welds, t spacing) of Welds { octane oR [eeees se lov ‘rer ila wiveoe nes | ORE > wo SeEise wie ™ | Tait | | | {omit when sexy] -DP-| os | ae | ae | ees tefecence not used) — Weidattaround symbet | S088 9} vies | Uses | Uses | Used Basic weld symbol or | Reteence Line _+ : + Serene ice — Sce0'| Not, Not, Not, Not Not. ot Opeing Oop ot ig | t—Eimensintigaeremsinnsnom [owwrserl Sy | J, | Jy | dy | dBy fom org te J osmintaaeasnensrnem [gare Oa i wes] cee | er [zasatas ‘SUPPLEMENTARY SYMBOLS Where process ab- revisions are to Be included in the s Jan Around) ats wea | Th Fuh {ail of the welding = symbol eterencat odetoTobie A De Signation of Wels ing and ied Pro cases by Later, oFans 2.479 [11 FLUSH CONTOUR SYMBOL Flush contour symbol indieater sporowimetly fam 4 ae fe Wren uted without 2 but suseavent Vinshing 1 BASIC JOINTS [Arrow af — ‘wong 6 WELD-ALL-AI Weld a around ya ingore that weld ext compietiy round the ROUND SYMBOL \D mot 12 CONVEX CONTOUR SYMBOL |Fish symbnt (user stangara)inceates COMPLETE JOINT PENETRATION 2_ BASIC JOINTS: raoint | 7 FIELD WELD SYMBOL 3 Arrow =a Flog points aay ‘wen fram the arrow {W59 recommandation) perawation grocwe weld Fegoraes of type of weld "MELT-THI Sie ineigh = Omission incest special nent ‘Any appiigbla weld symbol RU SYMBOL. na joint preparation 14 MULTIPLE REFERENCE LINES — aN = Second operation. “Third operation or ‘crt mtomation 7 © BASIC JOINTS: {JOINT WITH BACKING 5 FINISHING OF WELDS Other sige orient 1 TR Kite. notes otra (and sapecinea indicates backing Finishing of welde otter than caning it Inleated by suitable contour and finish symbole. Te following finishing symbols Inoleate the method, not the degree, of fini C-Chipping —R— Roling Doub bevel symbe! vr sie cCocaiate elie | S-Srating A femmatring ore Se ione 18 Miche 5 BASIC JOINTS EDGE JOINT | 10 __JOINT WITH SPACER a [ABBREVIATIONS Arrow With modified groove weld symbol faery a GT9M;~ Gauge To Sound Meta odiog NA Ces — Materia i an CP — Complete Penetration Spacer as specified See Claute 018, PP — Partial PenetrationBASIC WELDING SYMBOLS AND THEIR LOCATION SIGNIFICANCE Square Groowe Bevel-Groove U-Groove recs | ces vow [rmvewn | Maar em Nate | as [SO KY | 3 | a 00" all aA ox HN | Sc | HA 088 ‘DOUBLE. FILLET WELDING SYMBOL 2 SINGLE-V-GROOVE WELDING SYMBOL Omiasion of depth Size anath of es) A Seti icicaes Tg ‘Hoc trast Sw ora oer esinot \ VON ‘Scanners Sp it Bancon sbropt poe QT Poot opening joint penatation 1t__CHAIN INTERMITTENT FILLET WELDING SYMBOL 26 DOUBLE-BEVEL. GROOVE WELDING SYMBOL pemeeere Ettecnve SSoenmrores ef eR px ge ae mapa, 19 STAGGERED INTERMITTENT FILLET WELDING SYMBOL vote ESS ry WELDING SYMBOL FOR GROGVES WELDED IDES With BACKGOUL nda of reertn i roed oe nara SR oe arte tl etcetera of mat 2 PLUG WELDING SYMBOL. 2 BACK-WELOING SYMBOLS Include angle See gg eZ pean! Bim othte enn ‘onal "any sjde-aoove wala witha ass rom ie Ore ide with na soe Second operation 2 SLOT WELDING SYMBOL 2 BACKING WELDING SYMBOLS by teaching welds conssered to ben eroove weld ith 9 Docking weld 22 FLARE-V AND FLARE -BEVEL-GROOVE WELDING svMenLS | 2 STUD WELDING SYMBOL wot Sim us | BRE em Seems Eee ‘ Le, teteldea Ce (rhe bethon tne Sica etfectne toot SL Rao opening pong Rea FLARE FLARE-BEVEL ameter No. of Studs bepected on he org 2 SOUARE.GROOVE WELDING SYMBOL » [ARC SPOT WELDING SYMBOL eaen tie Tatami | Re, Seen semen, petation is omitted ‘veal welds inthe tatof he | Mate —€ CD 80 vayuyy ferent re ar ‘ene nl {neal dente conte ies tae Shomee tte ae ay joint penetration is required ‘ExBiescloe Spacrg: {he “arow side" mamber respectively i Treicegonat rs atta ast ettecive tron} $ Bag RES CRESMIANE SeperateTypical Joints from a Shielded Metal Arc Welding Procedure aS aera Tt WILLA KWIWY tt Straight Butt Joint Wall thickness up to 3/8 in. ‘A. Up to 3/8 in. use straight butt joint if able to get inside to back chip and lay a weld pass B. If inside inaccessible, straight butt joint to 3/16 in. mos ‘v4 With Backing Ring ZG) Double *V" Joint Single “V" Joint Wall thickness 5/8 in. to 3/4 in. incl Wall thickness 3/16 in. to 3/4 in. incl (Both sides accessible) (One side accessible) Back chip to sound weld metal and lay a pass Double “U" Butt Joint Single “V" Joint Wall thickness 5/8 in. to 3/4 in. incl, Wall thickness 3/8 in. to 5/8 in. incl. Alternative for double “V" joint (Both sides accessible) Back chip to sound weld metal on outside and lay final pass on outside.Base Metal Groupings To reduce the number of welding procedure qualifications required, base metals are grouped together according to similar characteristics such as composition, weldability, and mechanical properties. The groups are termed “P” or “P Numbers.” The grouping is not intended to imply that base materials within aP Grouping may be indiscriminately substituted for the base material used in the qualification test without considering metallurgical properties, postweld heat treatment, mechanical properties, and other aspects that may affect the service life. Some division exists, as well, within the P Groupings producing sub- groupings of materials with similar properties. Also, electrodes or filler metals are grouped together, again, to reduce the number of procedure qualifications. This grouping is based on usability characteristics, which determine the ability of welders to make satistactory welds with a given filler metal. The grouping is termed the “F Number.” Grouping of filler metals and electrodes is not intended to imply that filler metals or base metals within specific groupings may be substituted for those used in the qualification testing without consideration of the properties of the finished product. Finally, weld metal is classified as to the type of deposit made. This classification is termed the "A Number” and it indicates a general chemical composition for as-deposited weld metal. Deviation from the general composition is permitted, provided the physical properties are acceptable and the chemical composition is outlined in the procedure qualification. P Groupings of Base Metals P.No. Group No. Material 1 1 Carbon steels with tensile strengths 40,000 to 75,000 psi (275 to 517 MPa) 1 2 C-Mn, C-Si, C-Mn-Si steels with tensile strengths 70,000 to 75,000 psi (483. to 517 MPa) 1 3 C-Mn-Si steels with tensile strengths to 80,000 psi (552 MPa) 3 1 Alloy steel with a chromium content of 0.75% maximum and generally with a total alloy content of 2% maximum; tensile strength 50,000 to 65,000 psi (345 to 448 MPa) 3. 2 __ As for P3 Group | but with tensile strength 70,000 to 75,000 psi (483 to 517 Mpa) 3 3 Alloy steels containing Mn-Mo, Mn-Mo-Ni, Ni-Mo-Cr-V. Alloy contents are generally less than 2% but may be as high as 5% on specific alloys. Tensile ‘strength is 80,000 to 90,000 psi minimum (552 to 621 MPa) 4 1 Alloy steels with chromium content between 0.75 and 2% with total alloy content generally not exceeding 3%. Tensile strength 60,000 to 75,000 psi minimum (414 to $17 MPa)P.No.Group No. Material 4 2 Alloys which may contain Cr, Cu, Ni, Al, Mo with the total alloy content less than 3% and a tensile strength of 60,000 psi (414 MPa) minimum 5 1 Alloy steel, generally Cr-Mo with the alloy content less than 5% and tensile strengths from 60,000 to 75,000 psi (414 to 517 MPa) 5 2 _ Alloy steel, generally Cr-Mo with alloy contents up to 10% and tensile strength of 60,000 to 100,000 psi (414 to 680 MPa) minimum 6 1 Martensitic, 11-13% Cr stainless steels with tensile strengths of 60,000 to 70,000 psi’ (414 to 483 MPa) minimum 6 2 Martensitic, 12-17% Cr stainless steels 6 3 Martensitic, Cr, Cr-Mo, Cr-Mo-Ni alloys 6 4 13% Cr-4% Ni alloy castings 7 1 Fertitic alloys 11-13% Cr 7 2 Ferritic Alloys 17-18% Cr 8 1 Austenitic stainless steels 8 3 17% Cr-4% Ni-6%Mn 20% Cr-6% Ni-8% Mn 9A 1 Nickel steels, 2.5% maximum nickel content 9B 1 Nickel steels, 3.5% nickel content 10A 1 — Mn-Vsteels 10B 2 CrVtubes 10C 3 — CrMn-Si plate 10D 4 — 20% Cr-1% Cu tubes 10B 5 26-27% Cr alloys 10F 6 — Mn-Mo-V, Mn-Cr, Mo-V alloys 10G 7 36% Ni material 10H 8 18% Cr-5% Ni-3% Mo alloys 101 9 26% Cr-1% Mo alloys 141A 1 8-9% Nialloys MA 2 5% Ni-Mo alloys 141A 3 Castings Ni-Cr-Mo-V 114 4 Mn-Mo, Mn-Mo-Ni material 11B 1-8 Various Cr-Mo-Si, Cr-Mo-Cu, Ni-Cr-Mo-V alloys at Aluminum alloys, tensile strengths 8,000 to 18,000 psi (55 to 124 MPa) 22 Aluminum alloys, tensile strengths 20,000 to $2,000 psi (138 to 221 MPa) 23 Aluminum alloys containing Si 25 Aluminum alloys, tensile strengths 33,000 to 45,000 psi (228 to 310 MPa) 3t Copper tensile strength 30,000 to 45,000 psi (207 to 310 MPa) 32 Copper alloys, tensile strength 40,000 to 50,000 psi (276 to 345 MPa)Po. Group No. Material 33 Copper - silicon alloys 34 Copper - nickel alloys 35 Bronzes 41 Nickel 42 Ni-Cu alloys 43 Ni-Cr-Fe, Ni-Cr-Mo-Cb, and Ni-Cr-Fe-Mo alloys 44 Ni-Mo, Ni-Cr-Mo alloys 45 Ni-Fe-Cr, Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu, Ni-Fe-Cr-Si, Cr-Ni-Fe-Mo-Cu-Cb alloys 51 Unalloyed titanium, 35,000 to 50,000 psi (241 to 345 MPa) tensile strength 52 Unalloyed titanium, 65,000 psi (448 MPa) minimum tensile strength 61 Unalloyed zirconium F NUMBERS Grouping of Electrodes and Welding Rods for Qualification Steel and Stee! Alloys E.No, ASME Specification Number AWS Classification Number t SFA 5.1, 5.5 EXX 20,24, 27, 28 2 SFA 5.1,5.5 EXX 12, 13, 14 3 SFA 5.1,5.5 EXX 10, 11 4 SFA 5.1,5.5 EXX 15, 16, 18 4 SFA 5.4, total alloy 6% — EXX 15, 16 or less 4 SFA 5.4, total alloy more EXX 15, 16 than 6% 5 SFA 5.4 Cr-Ni EXX 15, 16 6 SFA 5.2 RG XX 6 SFA 5.17 FXX-XXXX 6 SFA 5.9 ERXX 6 SFA 5.18 EXXXS-X, EXXU-X 6 SFA 5.20 EXXT-X 6 SFA 5.22 EXXXT-X 6 SFA 5.23 EXX-EXXX-X, FXX-ECXXX-X, FXX-EXXX-XN, FXX-ECXXX-XN.Aluminum and Aluminum-Based Alloys F.No. ASME Specification Number AWS Classification Number at SFA 5.10 ER 1000, ER 1260 22 SFA 5.10 ER 5554, 5356, 5556, 5183, 5654 23 SFA 5.10 ER 4043 24 SFA 5.10 R-SCSIA, R-SG 70A Copper and Copper-Based Alloys E.No. ASME Specification Number AWS Classification Number 31 SFA 5.6, 5.7 RCu, ECu 32 SFA 5.6, 5.7 RCuSi-A, ECuSi 33 SFA 5.6, 5.7 RCuSn-A, ECuSn-A, ECuSn-C 34 SFA 5.6, 5.7 RCuNi, ECuNi 35 SFA 5.6, 5.7 RBCuZn-A, RCuZn-C 36 SFA 5.6, 5.7 ECuA1-A1, RCuA1-A2, ECuA1-A2, RCuAt-B, ECuA1-B Nickel and Nickel-Based Alloys F.No, ASME Specification Number AWS Classification Number 41 SFA 5.11 ENi-1 at SFA 5.14 ENi-4 42 SFA 5.11 ENiCu-7 42 SFA 5.14 ERNiCu-7 43 SFA 5.14 ENICrFe-1 43 SFA 5.11 ENICrFe-2 43 SFA 5.11 ENICrFe-3 43 SFA 5.11 ENiCrFe-4 43 SFA 5.11 ENiCrMo-2 43 SFA 5.11 ENiCr-3 43 SFA 5.14 ERNICr-3 43 SFA 5.14 ERNiCrFe-5 43 SFA 5.14 ERNICrFe-6 43 SFA 5.14 ERNiCrMo-2 43 SFA 5.14 ERNiCrMo-3E.No. ASME Specification Number 44 SFA 5.11 44 SFA 5.11 44 SFA 5.11 44 SFA 5.14 44 SFA 5.14 44 SFA 5.14 44 SFA 5.14 45 SFA 5.11 45 SFA 5.14 45 SFA 5.14 E.No. ASME Specification Number 51 SFA 5.16 AWS Classification Number ENiMo-1 ENiCrMo-4 ENiCrMo-5 ERNiMo-1 ERNiMo-2 ERNICrMo-4 ERNiCrMo-5 ENICrMo-1 ERNiCrMo-1 ERNiFeCr-1 Unalloyed Titanium 6S Classificati ERTi-1, ERTI-2, ERTI-3, ER-Ti-4A NUMBERS Classification of Weld Metal Analysis for Procedure Qualifications ANo. Deposit Mild Steel Carbon-Moly Chrome (0.4-2%)- Moly ‘Chrome (2.0-6%)- Moly Chrome (6-10.5%)- Moly Chrome-Martensitic Chrome-Ferritic Chrome-Nickel Chrome-Nickel Nickel to 4% Nickel-Chrome- Moly 0.15 0.15 0.45 0.15 O15 0.15 0.15 0.15 0.30 0.15 0.15 0.50 0.65 0.40- 2.00 2.00- 6.00 6.00- 10.50 11.00- 15.00, 11.00- 30.00 14.50- 30.00 25.00- 30.00 1.50 Wt% Mo 0.40- 0.40- 0.65 0.40- 1.50 0.40- 1.50 0.70 1.00 4.00 4.00 0.55 0.25- 0.80 7.50- 15.00 15.00- 37.00 0.80- 4.00 1.25- 2.80 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.60 1.20 2.00 1.00 7.50- 2.50 1.70 0.75- 2.25 si 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 3.00 1.00 1.00 1.00" MT || y! u : ut | u pr |i " er [1 " |NAT 1 : | oe JAE | u BT , |PoMT HDLT ur MSLT BT PCMT "aout Lf [vse Recommended Training and Experience Levels Completion with a passing grade of at least 2 years of engineering orscience study in a university, college, or technical school Training (hours) 29 35 12 6 16 High school graduation orequivalent 24 | 56 80 80 85 Grammer school educa- tion, or demonstration proficiency, or additional training Teaining hours) 88 80 24 16 40 80 12 16 48 24 2 60 24 60 4 80 20 80 All eductational levels listed Total worktimeex Perience (months) | pertevel - © wo +0 [BT =Bubble Test PCMT = Pressure ChangeiMeasurement Test HOLT =Halogen Diode Leak Tost MSLT = Mass Spectometer Leak Test "= 2 Hours Notes: (1) For Level certification, the experience should consist of time at Level lor equivalent. fa persons being quali directly o Level I wih no time at Level , the required experience should consist of the sum ofthe limes required for Level | and Level I and the required training should ‘consist of the sum of the hours required for Level | and Level (2) Listed training guidelines may be prorated as described inthe employer's writen practice depending on the candidate's actual educational level (G) Intial experience may be gained simuitaneousiy in two or more methods it (a) The candidate spends a minimum of 25% of his worktime on each method for which certification s sought, and (0) The remainder of his work time claimed as experience is spent in NDT-related activities as defined in the employer's written practice. (4) Training should be outlined inthe employer's writen practice.