Access 2007

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT
Bi 1. C bn v Access 2007 ............................................ 4

1.1. Khi ng, tm hiu giao din ................................ 4
1.1.1. Khi ng Microsoft Access 2007.................... 4
1.1.2. Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access . 8
1.1.3. Ribbon ............................................................ 10
1.1.4. Thanh cng c Quick Access ......................... 19
1.1.5. Navigation Pane ............................................. 21
1.1.6. Tab document ................................................. 30
1.1.7. Status bar ....................................................... 33
1.1.8. Mini toolbar.................................................... 36
1.1.9. To Database u tin.................................... 37
1.2. Bt u lm vic vi c s d liu ........................ 47
1.2.1. Ln u tin s dng Access .......................... 47
1.2.2. To mt DataBase s dng Template............ 47
1.2.3. Ti cc Template t Microsoft Office Online 55
1.2.4. To DataBase t u ...................................... 58
1.2.5. To mt DataBase rng ................................. 58
1.2.6. Thm mt bng vo Database........................ 62
1.2.7. M mt Database tn ti........................... 75
1.2.8. Nu khng tm thy Database cn m ........... 77
1.2.9. M Database lm vic gn y nht .............. 79
1.3. C g mi trong Microsoft Office Access 2007 ..... 83
1.3.1. bt u nhanh hn .................................... 83
1.3.2. Microsoft Office fluent ................................... 90
1.3.3. Thm cc cng c mnh to i tng ..... 95
1.3.4. Nhng kiu d liu v iu khin mi ........ 101
1.3.5. Nng cp thit k v cc cng c phn tch . 103
1.3.6. Tng cng an ninh ..................................... 108
1.3.8. Tt hn cch g ri vn ...................... 112
1.3.9. Nng cao cht lng cc cng c Proofing .. 112
Bi 2. Lm vic vi Table .............................................. 113
2.1. Tng qut ............................................................ 113
2.1.1. Thuc tnh ca bng v trng ................... 114
2.1.2. Kiu d liu .................................................. 117
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2.1.3. Quan h gia cc bng ................................. 119
2.1.4. Kha ............................................................. 120
2.1.5. Li ch ca vic s dng relationships......... 122
2.1.6. Trc khi bn bt u ................................. 123
2.2. To mi mt bng ............................................... 123
2.3.1. To bng mi trong Database mi. ............. 124
2.3.2. To bng mi trong Database tn ti ..... 126
2.3.3. S dng bng Template to bng ........... 129
2.3.4. To bng mi s Template .......................... 130
2.3.5. Thit lp kha chnh cho bng..................... 133
2.3.6. Thit lp thuc tnh cho bng ...................... 138
2.3. Thm trng vo bng ....................................... 140
2.4.1. Thm trng khi ang nhp d liu ........... 141
2.4.2. Thm trng s dng trng Template ..... 141
2.4.3. Thm trng t trng ca bng khc ....... 144
2.4.4. Thit lp thuc tnh cho trng ................... 151
Bi 3. Lm vic vi Query ............................................. 163
3.1. Tm kim mt nhm d liu trong bng ............ 165
3.2. Xem d liu ng thi t nhiu bng ................. 169
3.3. S dng Parameters vi Query .......................... 174
3.4. Thc hin tnh ton trn c s d liu ............... 180
3.5. Tng hp hoc tnh tng d liu ........................ 185
3.6. To mt bng t nhiu bng khc. ..................... 192
3.7. Thm d liu vo bng t nhiu bng khc. ...... 200
3.8. Thay i d liu t ng..................................... 202
3.9. Xa d liu t dng............................................. 204
Bi 4. Lm vic vi Form .............................................. 206
4.1. To Form ............................................................. 206
4.2. Tm hiu v cc Controls. ................................... 218
4.3. Tm hiu v Control Layout. .............................. 220
4.4. Tm Layout View v Design View. ..................... 226
4.5. Tinh chnh Forn .................................................. 227
4.6. Thm Control ln Form ...................................... 229
4.7. Lu li cc cng vic ca bn ............................. 231
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Bi 5. Lm vic vi Report ............................................ 235
5.1. La chn bn ghi ngun. .................................... 235
5.2. To bo co ......................................................... 235
5.3. Tm hiu v Report section ................................. 246
5.4. Tm hiu v cc Control ...................................... 247
5.5. Tinh chnh bo co .............................................. 247
5.6. Thm Control vo bo co.................................. 247
5.7. Xem bo co ........................................................ 247
5.8. In bo co ............................................................ 253
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Bi 1. C bn v Access 2007
1.1. Khi ng, tm hiu giao din
Bi vit ny bn v cc ci tin trn giao din ngi dng
ca Microsoft Office Access 2007 (UI). Giao din ngi
dng mi ca Microsoft Office Access 2007 l kt qu ca
vic nghin cu k lng v kim tra rng ri, n c thit
k lm cho vic tm kim nhng lnh m bn cn tr nn
d dng hn.
Bn s tm hiu v cc yu t mi trn giao din ngi dng
- nhng g n cung cp v lm th no lm vic vi
chng. Bn cng s tm hiu lm th no kch hot tnh
nng tabbed ti liu trong mt c s d liu, v lm th no
nh hng nhng i tng giao din mi.
Giao din ngi s dng mi trong Microsoft Access 2007
bao gm mt s cc yu t xc nh cch thc bn tng tc
vi cc sn phm. Nhng yu t mi ny c chn gip
bn lm ch Access, v gip bn tm thy nhanh hn nhng
lnh m bn cn. Cch thit k mi cng gip bn d dng
khm ph cc tnh nng khc c th cn vn n di lp
thanh cng c v trnh n. Bn cng s bt u nhan hn
nh vo trang Getting Started trong Microsoft Office Access,
trong cung cp cho bn kh nng tip cn nhanh hn khi
bn cha c nhiu kin thc, bao gm mt b cc Tempate
c thit k chuyn nghip.
Yu t quan rng nht trn giao din mi c gi l yu t
Ribbon, n l mt phn ca giao din Microsoft Office
fluent. Cc Ribbon tri di pha trn cng ca ca s chng
trnh v cha cc nhm lnh. Microsoft Office fluent Ribbon
cung cp cc lnh, nhm lnh thay th cho Menu v thanh
cng c c in. Trn Ribbon l cc Tab kt hp nhng lnh
c cng ngha. Ribbon chnh cc Tab chnh m bn thng
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thy l Home, Create, External Data, and Database. Mi Tab
li cha cc nhm lnh c lin quan n nhau.
Cc thnh phn giao din mi trong Microsoft Access 2007
l:
- Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access: Trang ny
c hin th khi bn bt u vi Access.
- Microsoft Office Fluent Ribbon: L khu vc pha trn
cng ca ca s chng trnh, ni bn c th chn cc lnh.
Tab Command: Nhng lnh c cng ngha c kt hp
vi nhau.
+ Ni dung lnh Tab: Mt th lnh xut hin ty thuc vo
bi cnh, nhng i tng m bn ang lm vic hoc cng
vic m bn ang thc hin.
+ Gallery: L iu khin hin th mt s la chn trc quan
qua bn c th nhn thy nhng kt qu m bn bn thc
hin.
+ Quick Access Toolbar: Mt thanh cng c chun trn
Ribbon cho php ngi dng nhp chut chn ti nhng lnh
cn s dng nh Save, Undo, .
- Navigation Pane: Nm khu vc bn tri ca s hin th
cc i tng trong Database ca bn. Pane Navigation thay
th ca s DataBase m bn thng thy cc phin bn c
ca Access.
- Tabbed documents: Cc i tng nh Table, Query, Form,
Report, Page, v cc Macro ca bn c hin th trong
Tabbed Document.
- Status bar: Nm di cng ca ca s chng trnh s
hin th cc thng tin trng thi v hot ng, s kin m bn
va thao tc, ngoi ra n cn cha cc nt lnh cho php bn
thay i ch hin th i tng hin thi.
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1.1.1. Khi ng Microsoft Access 2007
khi ng ng dng bn c th lm theo cc cch sau:
- T Desktop nhp p vo biu tng Microsoft Office
Access 2007 (nu c).
- T thanh Start nhp chn All Programs/Microsoft

Office/Microsoft Office Access 2007.
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- Cch th 3 bn nhp chn Start/Run Hp thoi xut hin
nhp chn nt Browse. Trong hp thoi ny bn tr ti
ng dn:
"C:\Program
Files\Microsoft
MSACCESS.EXE"
Office\
Office12\
Ri nhp Open.
Cui cng nhp chn Ok kt thc.
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Bng mt trong 3 cch trn bn mn hnh lm vic Microsoft

Access 2007 s xut hin nh hnh di y.
1.1.2. Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access

Khi bn bt u vi Microsoft Access 2007, trang Getting
Started with Microsoft Office Access s xut hin nh hnh
di y. Trang ny cho thy bn c th lm g bt u
vi Microsoft Access 2007.
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V d, bn c th to mi mt DataBase trng, To mt
DataBase t Template, hoc m mt DataBase tn ti
(nu bn m mt vi DataBase trc ). Bn cng c th
truy cp trc tip ti Microsoft Office Online hc thm v
v h thng Microsoft Office 2007 v Microsoft Access
2007, hoc bn cng c th nhp chn nt Office Button
v s dng menu Open m mt DataBase tn ti trn
a cng.
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1.1.3. Ribbon
Office Fluent Ribbon l mt s thay th chnh cho cc menu
v thanh cng c v cung cp cc lnh chnh trn giao din
ca Microsoft Access 2007. Mt trong nhng li ch chnh
ca Ribbon l cng c tp chung tt c cc yu cu v mt
im m trc y n nm trn Menu, ToolBar, Task Pane
v cc thnh phn giao din khc. Vi Ribbon bn ch phi
quan tm ti mt ni cha tt c cc lnh m bn cn
lm vic vi Microsoft Access 2007.
Khi bn mi mt C s d liu, Ribbon s xut hin trn
nh ca ca s chnh trong Office Access 2007.
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Cc Ribbon cha mt lot cc Tab lnh c cha lnh. Trong

Microsoft Access 2007, Cc Tab lnh chnh l Home, Create,
External Data, v Database Tools. Mi tab cha cc nhm
lnh lin quan.
Nhng lnh trn Ribbon a vo ti khon ca i tng
hin ang hot ng. V d, nu bn c mt bng m
Datasheet View v bn nhp chut vo Form trn Tab
Create, trong nhm Forms.
Microsoft Access 2007 s to ra mt Form mi da trn

Table ang hot ng. V tn trng s c gn vo thuc
tnh Control Source ca tng Control trn Form.
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Bn c th s dng cc phm tt vi Ribbon. Tt c cc phm

tt phin bn trc u c th s dng trn phin bn ny.
Keyboard Access System thay th cc menu nhng phin
bn c. y l h thng s dng cc ch s nh xut hin trn
giao din Ribbon nhng phm no c th truy cp c cc
chc nng.
Khi bn chn mt tab lnh, bn c th duyt qua cc lnh

c sn trong tab .
Chn Tab lnh
Bc 1: Khi ng Microsoft Access 2007
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Bc 2: Nhp chut chn tab cn s dng hoc nhp phm
ALT khi trn mn hnh s xut hin nh hnh di y:
Bn mun chn nt no th nhn phm tng ng nh hng

dn trn mn hnh.
C rt nhiu cch khc nhau thc hin mt lnh. Nhng
nhanh v trc tip l cch s dng cc t hp phm nng.
Nu bn tng s dng cc phm nng ny trong nhng
phin bn trc ca Access th bn s rt d dng khi lm
vic vi Microsoft Access 2007.
Thc hin mt lnh
Bc 1: Khi ng Access
Bc 2: Nhp chn Tab thch hp tng ng vi lnh cn s
dng. Bng di y l mt s lnh chung nht trong cc
Tab trn Ribbon, tuy nhin cc Tab lnh cng s thay i ty
thuc vo nhng g bn ang lm vic.
Tab lnh
Nhng iu bn c th lm
Home
Chn ch hin th
Sao chp v dn t Clipboard
t li Font ch hin ti
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t li Alignment cho ni dung
nh dng li ni dung cho trng Memo
Lm vic vi bn ghi (Refresh, New,
Save, Delete, Totals, Spelling).
Sp xp v lc bn ghi
Tm kim bn ghi.
Create
To mt Table mi
To mt bng mi s dng Template
To mi mt bng trng ch Design
view.
To mi mt Form da trn Table hoc
Query ang hot ng.
To mi mt bng hoc mt biu
pivot.
To mi mt bo co da trn mt bng
hoc mt Query ang hot ng.
To mi mt Query, Macro, Module hoc
mt Class Module
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External Data
Import hoc lin kt vi d liu bn

ngoi.
Kt xut d liu
Thu thp v cp nht d liu t Email
Lm vic
SharePoint.
vi
danh
sch
offline
Di chuyn mt s hay ton b cc phn

ca c s d liu ti mt SharePoint site
mi hoc tn ti trc .
Database
Tools
Chy Visual Basic editor hoc chy

macro.
To v hin th mi lin kt gia cc
bng.
n, hin i tng ph thuc hoc thuc
tnh ca Sheet
Chy Database Documenter hoc phn
tch hiu sut
Di chuyn d liu ti Microsoft SQL
Server hoc ti c s d liu khc.
Chy Linked Table Manager.
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Manage Access add-ins.

To vo sa cc Module Visual Basic for
Applications (VBA).
Bc 3: Nhp chut chn tab cn s dng hoc nhp phm
ALT khi trn mn hnh s xut hin cc ch dn, bn
mun chn nt no th nhn phm tng ng nh hng dn
trn mn hnh.
Contextual command tabs
Ngoi nhng Tab lnh chun, Microsoft Access 2007 cn s
dng mt thnh phn giao din mi trong Office Professional
2007 c gi l contextual command tab. Ty thuc vo bi
cnh ca bn (c ngha l, i tng m bn ang lm vic
v nhng g bn ang lm), mt hoc nhiu Contextual
command tabs c th xut hin bn cnh cc Tab lnh chun.
Khi ng mt contextual command tab

Bc 1: Nhp phm Alt khi ny cc k t i din s xut
hin trn tng chc nng.
Bc 2: Nhn phm xut hin trn cc Contextual command
tabs cn chn.
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Cc contextual command tabs cha lnh v cc tnh nng m

bn cn phi lm vic trong mt bi cnh c th. V d, khi
bn m mt bng trong thit k xem, cc lnh trn contextual
command tab ch p dng khi bn lm vic vi bng ch
. Mt v d khc, khi bn m mt bng ch Design
View, mt contextual command tabs tn l Design xut hin
tip theo l Tab Advanced Tools. Khi bn nhp chn Tab
Design, Ribbon hin th nhng lnh c tc dng ch trn
nhng i tng ch Design View.
Galleries
Mt s i mi khc v l mt phn quan trng trong giao
din mi ca Microsoft Access 2007 v cc Control mi
c gi l gallery. Cc gallery Control c thit k lm
vic vi Ribbon v hng s ch ca bn ti nhng k qu
sn c. Thay v ch hin th lnh cc gallery Control cho thy
kt qu ca vic s dng cc lnh . Mc ch l cung
cp cch nhn trc quan gip bn c th duyt qua v xem
nhng g Microsoft Access 2007 c th lm. V nh vy bn
s ch quan tm ti kt qu thay v phi suy ngh xem lnh s
thc hin nhng g.
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Galleries c hnh dng v kch c khc nhau. Cc kt qu

c b tr trn mt bng xung cho php ngi dng la
chn
n hin cc Ribbon
i khi, bn c th cn thm mt cht khng gian, khong
trng cho khu vc lm vic ca bn. Bn c th lm cho cc
Ribbon thu nh li trn mn hnh ch cn cc Bar v cc Tab
lnh. lm c iu ny bn ch cn nhp p chut vo
Ribbon, khi cn chng hin ra bn hy lm tng t nh vy
mt ln na.
Ban u
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Sau khi lm n cc Ribbon
1.1.4. Thanh cng c Quick Access

L thanh cng c nh mc nh nm k bn Ribbon, bn
nhp chut trc tip vo lnh cn s dng. Cc lnh mc
nh thanh cng c l nhng lnh bn thng s dng nh
Save, Undo, Redo. Tuy nhin, bn c th ty chnh thanh
cng c Quick Access, bn cng c th b xung cc lnh
khc ln . Bn cng c th thay i v tr, kch thc ca
thanh cng c. Khi bn thay i v tr ca thanh cng c ny
xung pha di ca Ribbon kch thc n s c ko rng.
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Ty bin thanh cng c Quick Access

Nhp chut vo hp thoi xung bn cnh thanh cng c
Bc 1: Trong hp thoi xung Customize Quick Access
Toolbar nhp chn mt s lnh thng ch c lit k sn
nh Open, E-Mail, Quick Print, hoc nhp chn More
Commands, khi ny hp thoi Access Option xut hin.
Bc 2: Trong hp thoi ny bn chn lnh cn thm vo
ToolBar ri nhp Add, hoc lm ngc li loi bt lnh
trong ToolBar.
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Bc 3: Cui cng nhp Ok hon tt.
Sau khi thay i bn s c c ToolBar nh mun.

1.1.5. Navigation Pane
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Khi bn to mi hoc m mt DataBase, tn cc i tng
trong DataBase ca bn s nm trong Navigation Pane. Cc
i tng ny bao gm cc Table, Form, Report, Page,
Macro, Module. Navigation Pane thay th cho ca DataBase
c s dng trong cc phin bn trc ca Access. Nu nh
trc y bn s dng ca s DataBase lm vic th by
gi trong Microsoft Access 2007 bn s s dng Pane
Navigation lm nhng vic . V d nu bn mun thm
mt trong vo bng ch DataSheet View, bn m bng
t Navigation Pane.
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m hoc thc thi mt lnh cho mt i tng trn

DataBase bn nhp phi chut vo i tng , mt Menu
tng ng s xut hin bn chn lnh cn thc hin.
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Ni dung ca cc Context Menu ny ty thuc vo ng cnh

m bn ang lm vic.
Di y l cc cch m mt i tng trong DataBase v d
nh Table, Form hoc Report.
Cch 1: T Navigation Pane chn i tng cn thao tc ri
nhp phm Enter, hoc nhp p chut.
Cch 2: T Navigation Pane chn i tng cn thao tc ri
nhp phi chut, trong Menu xung chn lnh cn thc
hin.
Ch : Bn c th t ty chn m mt i tng ch bng
mt ng tc nhp chut trong ca s Navigation Option.
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bt hp thoi ny bn nhp phi chut ln phn ch All

Access Objects trn Navigation Option, chn Navigation
Options
Trong mc Open Objects With bn tch chn Single-click.

Cui cng nhp Ok hon tt.
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Navigation Pane chia cc i tng trong DataBase ca bn
thnh cc mc khc nhau, v mi danh mc cha mt
nhm cc i tng. Mt s mc nh bn thy khi ln u
tin lm vic vi Pane ny c to sn, bn hon ton c
th thm vo cc nhm ca ring mnh.
u tin bn m hp thoi Navigation Option nh phn
trc.
mc Categories bn chn Custom ri nhp Add Group sau

nhp vo tn ca nhm mi.
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Nhp Enter xc nhn ri nhp Ok hon tt, nh vy

bn c mt nhm mi trong Navigation Pane, bn c th
cha cc i tng mi m mnh to ra. V mc nh Pane
Navigation ang sp xp theo Objects Type nn bn khng
th thy c nhm mi m mnh va to ra, bn cn phi
sp xp li theo Custom.
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Sau khi chn kiu sp xp ny Pane Navigation s nh hnh
di y:
Mc nh Navigation Pane xut hin khi bn m mt

DataBase trong Microsoft Access 2007, cng nh cc
DataBase c to phin bn trc. Tuy nhin bn c th
thit lp li ch cho Pane Navigation. Di y l cc
bc thc hin.
Hin th hoc n Navigation Pane
Nhp nt pha trn bn gc phi ca Pane Navigation
hoc nhn phm F11.
Bc 1: Nhp chut vo nt Microsoft Office Button
sau chn Access Option.
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Bc 2: Bn pha tri Pane nhp chn Current DataBase.
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Bc 3: Trong hp thoi ny pha di mc Navigation bn

b tch mc Display Navigation Pane nu khng mun Pane
ny xut hin khi m DataBase v ngc li nu n xut hin
mc nh. Cui cng nhp Ok hon tt.
1.1.6. Tab document
Bt u vi Microsoft Access 2007 bn c th hin th cc
i tng trong c s d liu ca mnh trn cc Tab
Document thay v nm chng cho trn cc ca s. Vi Tab
Document s gip bn thun li hn khi phi lm vic
thng xuyn vi cc i tng, tuy nhin bn c th s
dng hoc khng s dng giao din Tab Document bng
cch thit lp trong Access Option. Sau bn phi ng v
m li DataBase thit lp mi c hiu lc.
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n hin ch Tab Document.

Bc 1: Nhp chn nt Microsoft Office Button
chn Access Options.
, sau
Hp thoi Access Option xut hin.

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Bc 3: Trong phn Application Options, di mc
Document Window Options bn tch hoc b tch chn tt
bt ch ny.
Bc 4: Nhp Ok hon tt.

Ch : Thit lp Display Document Tabs khng phi l ty
chn ton cc n ch c tc dng trn DataBase m bn ang
thao tc. V vy nu bn mun thit lp cho cc DataBase
khc bn phi thc hin li t u.
Sau khi thay i thit lp Display Document Tabs. Bn cn
phi ng ri m li DataBase ca mnh thy nhng thay
i c tc dng.
Nhng DataBase mi c to bi Microsoft Access 2007
c gn mc nh ch Tab Document.
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Nhng DataBase c to t cc phin bn trc ca Access
s c gn mc nh ch cc ca s ring r.
1.1.7. Status bar
Cng ging nh nhng phin bn trc ca Access, vi
Microsoft Access 2007, bn c th hin th thanh trng thi
di y ca ca s hin thi. N tip tc l mt thnh phn
chun trong ng dng gip ngi dng c th thy cc thng
bo trng thi, thuc tnh, gi , vi Microsoft Access
2007, thanh trng ngoi nhng chc nng k trn n cn m
nhim hai chc nng chun khc m bn c th tm thy
trong tt c cc ng dng ca b Office 2007 l View (chn
ch hin th) v Zoom (phng to, thu nh).
Bn c th d dng chuyn i gia cc ch hin th ca
s Window bng cch s dng cc iu khin sn c trn
thanh Status Bar.
Nu bn ang hin th mt mt i tng c cung cp kh

nng Zoom, bn c th iu chnh cc mc Zoom phng
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to hoc thu nh i tng, hay c th s dng thanh trt
trn thanh trng thi
Thanh trng thi c th tt bt d dng vi ty chnh trong

hp thoi Access Option.
Di y l cc bc hin th hoc n i thanh trng thi.
chn Access Options.
, sau
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Hp thoi Access Option xut hin.

Bc 3: Di mc Application Options, chn hoc hy chn
Display Status Bar tt hoc bt Status Bar.
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Bc 4: Cui cng nhp Ok hon tt.

1.1.8. Mini toolbar
Mt trong nhng thao tc ph bin trong cc chng trnh
Office Professional l nh dng vn bn. Trong cc phin
bn trc y ca Access, nh dng vn bn chng
trnh lun yu cu s dng mt trnh n hoc mt thanh
cng c hin th cc nh dng. Vi Microsoft Access 2007,
bn c th nh dng vn bn mt cch d dng hn bng
cch s dng Mini ToolBar. Khi bn chn cho cc nh dng
vn bn, cc Mini Toolbar t ng xut hin trn vn bn
c la chn. Nu bn di chuyn con chut tr n gn cc
nt lnh trn thanh Mini Toolbar chng s sng ln v cho
php bn c th s dng n p dng cc nh dng nh
Bold, Italic, Font Size, Color cho vn bn.
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1.1.9. To Database u tin

To mt DataBase mi rng
Bc 1: Bt u vi Microsoft Access 2007 t Menu Start
hoc t Shortcut. Trang Getting Started with Microsoft
Office Access s xut hin.
Bc 2: Trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office
Access di mc New Blank DataBase nhp chn Blank
DataBase.
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Bc 3: Trn Pane Blank DataBase, trong hp File Name g

vo tn tp tin .accdb
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Bc 4: Nhp Create.
Sau 4 bc trn mt DataBase vi tn tp tin l
Minh_Lam.accdb s c to v mt bng mi c m
trong Datasheet view.
Microsoft Access 2007 cung cp mt s Template vi mt s
sn phm, v bn c th ti v nhiu hn t Microsoft Office
Online. Vy Template l g? Trong bi cnh Microsoft
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Office Access 2007, l mt DataBase c thit lp hon
chnh t trc vi cc Table, Form, v Report chuyn
nghip. Cc Template em n cho bn mt s khi u
nhanh hn khi bn bt u to lp mt DataBase mi.
To DataBase mi t Template
Bc 1: Khi ng Microsoft Access 2007 t thanh Start
hoc t Shortcut. Trang Getting Started with Microsoft
Office Access s xut hin nh hnh di y.

Access di mc Featured Online Templates, nhp chn mt
mu Template, gi s y chng ta chn Assets.
Bc 3: Trong hp File Name, g vo tn file vi phn m
rng l .accdb.
Page 40
Bc 4: Ty chn, nhp chn Create and link your database

to a Windows SharePoint Services site nu bn mun lin
kt ti trang web Windows SharePoint Services.
Bc 5: Nhp chn Create hoc Download.
Access to mt DataBase mi t Template v m n.
Page 41

Bn c th Download thm cc mu Template trc tip t
Office Online.
To DataBase t Microsoft Office Online Template
Bc 1: Khi ng Access t menu Start hoc t Shortcut.
Trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access xut
hin.
Access, trong Template Categories bn pha tri, nhp vo
mt loi v sau , khi bn mu xut hin trong danh mc,
nhp chn mt loi cn to.
Bc 3: Trong mc File Name nhp vo tn File DataBase.
Page 42
Bc 4: Check vo mc Create and link your database to a

Windows SharePoint Services site nu mun kt ni
DataBase ca bn ti Windows SharePoint Services.
Page 43

Bc 5: Cui cng nhp Download ti v my.
Access t ng Download mu v my tnh ca bn v to
mt DataBase mi da trn Template, sau m DataBase
ny.
Khi bn (hoc to v m) mt DataBase, Access thm tn
File v ng dn ca DataBase vo danh sch vn bn
c s dng. y l danh sch c hin th trn trang
Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access nn bn c th
d dng m li nhng DataBase bn s dng gn y nht
mt cch d dng.
M mt DataBase s dng gn y nht
Bc 1: Khi dng Microsoft Access 2007
Access pha di mc Open Recent DataBase nhp chn
DataBase m bn mun m.
Page 44

M mt DataBase s dng nt Microsoft Office Access
Bc 1: Khi ng Access
Bc 2: Nhp chn Microsoft Office Button
, sau
nhp chn DataBase m bn cn m, nu nh n xut hin
Pane bn phi.
Hoc nhp chn Open, hp thoi xut hin chn n

DataBase cn m ri nhp Open.
Page 45
Nh vy bn m c mt c s d liu c sn.
Page 46

1.2. Bt u lm vic vi c s d liu
1.2.1. Ln u tin s dng Access
Office Access 2007 vi nhng chc nng mi lm cho
qu trnh to ra mt c s d liu d dng hn bao gi ht.
Nhng ngi dng to ra nhng c s d liu trong
Access cc phin bn trc s nh gi rt cao nhng ci
tin mi ny v nh chng m qu trnh to ra cc i tng
c tng tc ng k.
Khi bn bt u vi Microsoft Access 2007, mn hnh u
tin xut hin l trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office
Access (tr trng hp bn khi ng Access bng cch
nhp p chut vo mt file Database Access c th no ,
khi Access s khi ng ty vo tng trng hp c th).
Trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access l im
khi u gip bn c th to ra mt DataBase mi, m
mt DataBase tn ti, hoc hin th ni dung c trng t
Microsoft Office Online.
1.2.2. To mt DataBase s dng Template.
Access cung cp cho bn rt nhiu mu Template m bn c
th s dng y nhanh qu trnh to ra nhng nhng
DataBase ca ring mnh. Mt Template l mt DataBase
sn sng s dng m ni dung ca n bao gm cc Table,
Query, Form, Report cn cho mt cng vic c th.
V d, c nhng mu Template m bn c th s dng
qun l danh b, hoc theo di chi ph, Cc Database
Tempate c th s dng vi nhng g n c hoc bn c
th ty bin cho chng ph hp hn vi nhu cu m bn cn.
Bc 1: Khi ng Access nu bn cha m. Trong trng
hp bn ang m mt DataBase bn nhp chut vo nt
Microsoft Office Button
v chn Close Database
Page 47

c th hin th trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office
Access.
Mn hnh chnh ca Microsoft Access 2007 v trang Getting

Started with Microsoft Office Access s hin th nh hnh
di y.
Page 48
Bc 2: Mt vi Template c hin th pha di mc

Featured Online Templates trn trang Getting Started with
Microsoft Office Access
Page 49
c nhiu hn bn nhp chut vo Template Categories

bn tri ca ca s Access.
Page 50
Ngoi ra bn c th ti v t Website ca Microsoft Ofice.
Page 51
Bc 3: Nhp chut vo Template m bn mun s dng.

Bc 4: Trong Pane bn phi ca s Access, Access yu cu
bn nhp vo tn cho DataBase trong hp File Name.
Page 52
Bn cng c th sa li ng dn mc nh thnh ng
dn khc bng cch nhp vo nt
(Browse for a location
).
Ty chn Create your database and link it to a Microsoft
Windows SharePoint Services site cho php bn lin kt trc
tip DataBase ti Website ca Microsoft Windows
SharePoint Services.
Page 53

Bc 5: Nhp Create (hoc Download, cho trng hp bn
ti cc Template online) hon tt
Vi cc bc trn Access s to v m DataBase. Mt Form
c m v bn c th bt u nhp liu cho DataBase.
Ch : Nu ni dung Template c d liu mu bn c th

xa chng i theo cc bc di y:
- Nhp chut vo dng u tin ca bn ghi m bn mun
xa.
- Trong Tab Home tm ti phn Record nhp chn Delete.
Bc 6: bt u nhp d liu, nhp chut vo dng trng

u tin trn Form v sau c th bt u nhp d liu. Sau
Page 54

khi nhp vo mt vo bn ghi bn c th s dng Pane
Navigation xem liu c mt Form hoc mt Report khc
m bn mun s dng.
1.2.3. Ti cc Template t Microsoft Office Online

Nu bn khng th tm thy mt mu ph hp vi yu cu
ca mnh trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office
Access, bn c th khm ph trn Web Office Online s
c rt nhiu la chn cho bn.
Bc 1: Khi ng Access nu bn cha m. Trong trng
hp bn ang m mt DataBase bn nhp chut vo nt
v chn Close Database
c th hin th trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office

Access.
Page 55
Bc 2: Gn pha cui ca trang Getting Started with

Microsoft Office Access v di phn More on Office
Online bn nhp chn Templates.
Page 56
Website Office Online s xut hin hin trong mt trnh

duyt mi.
Page 57

Bc 3: S dng cc cng c tm kim trn trang web ca
Office Online tm v ti v cc mu m bn mun.
Bc 4: Nu bn ti v mt mu mi, DataBase s c
lu tr mt trong s cc th mc sau y:
- Vi Windows Vista: c:\Users\user name\Documents
- Vi Microsoft Windows Server 2003 hoc Microsoft
Windows XP: c:\Documents and Settings\user name\My
Documents.
Sau khi cn lm vic vi cc c s d liu ny, bn c th
s dng Access hoc Windows Explorer m n ra
ng dn lu trc .
1.2.4. To DataBase t u
Nu khng c mt Template no ph hp vi yu cu ca
bn, hoc bn c d liu trong mt chng trnh khc m bn
mun Import vo Access, bn hy chc chn rng n l tt
hn l vic ra mt c s d liu t u. i vi hu ht cc
ng dng, iu ny thng lin quan n mt trong hai vn
sau y:
- To cc bng mi, sau nhp d liu, v dn d liu hoc
Import d liu vo cc bng .
- Import d liu t mt ngun khc v cc bng s c to
ra trong qu trnh .
1.2.5. To mt DataBase rng
Bc 1: Khi ng Access
Access nhp chn Blank Database.
Page 58
Bc 3: Trong Pane Blank DataBase hy nhp vo tn cho

DataBase trong mc File Name, nu bn khng in phn
m rng cho File th Access s t ng in thm.
Page 59
Mc nh chng trnh s lu File ti ng dn:

- Windows Vista: c:\Users\user name\Documents
- Microsoft Windows Server 2003 hoc Microsoft Windows
XP: c:\Documents and Settings\user name\My Documents
thay i ng dn cha tp tin, nhp chn nt Browse
bn cnh vo File Name, mt hp thoi s xut hin
Page 60

cho php bn chn ng dn mi, nhp Ok sau khi chn
xong.
Bc 4: Nhp Create hon tt.
Sau cc bc trn Access s to ra mt DataBase mi v m
sn n vi mt bng trng ch DataSheet View cho bn
thit k.
Bc 5: V tr con tr chut ca Access t ti trng u
tin trn ct Add New Field.
thm d liu bn c th nhp vo hoc Copy d liu t

nhng ngun khc.
Ch : Vic nhp d liu ch Datasheet View c thit
k tng t nh nhp d liu trong Wooksheet Excel. Nhng
hn ch ch yu l d liu nhp vo phi c nhp cc
dng, ct lin nhau, bt u gc trn bn tri ca
Datasheet. Bn khng nn c gng nh dng d liu nhp
vo c cc hng hoc ct trng, bi v lm nh vy s gy
lng ph b nh nh trong cc bng.
Cu trc ca bng d liu c to trong khi bn nhp d
liu vo n. Ti mt thi im bt k bn hon ton c th
thm mt ct mi vo bng, khi mt trng mi s c
nh ngha. Access thit lp kiu d liu cho trng mi da
vo kiu ca d liu m bn nhp vo.V d, nu bn c mt
ct m trong bn ch nhp gi tr ngy thng, Access s
Page 61

thit lp kiu d liu ca trng l Data/Time. Sau ny
gi s bn c gng nhp vo trng ny mt gi tr khng
phi ngy thng (chng hn nh l tn hoc mt s in thoi
no ), Access s hin th thng bo rng gi tr ca bn
khng hp l. V vy, khi c th, bn nn phn tch li bng
d liu ca mnh sao cho mi trng ch cha cng mt loi
d liu, cho d l vn bn, ngy thng, s in thoi, ....
iu ny lm cho vic xy dng cc Query, Form, Report
(ly d liu t nhng bng ny) sau ny s tr nn d dng
v thun tin hn rt nhiu.
Nu bn khng quan tm n vic nhp d liu vo thi
im ny, hy nhp vo nt Close
.
1.2.6. Thm mt bng vo Database
Bn c th thm mt bng mi vo Database tn ti bng
cch s dng cng c trong nhm Tables trn Tab Create.
Nhp chut vo nt Table to mt bng trng mi ch

Datasheet View. Sau bn hon ton c th nhp ngay
d liu vo bng v Access s to ra cu trc bng cho bn
khi bn thot ra, hoc bn c th s dng Design View to
ra cu trc bng trc sau chuyn v ch Datasheet
View nhp d liu. Bt k bn bt u lm vic vi bng
ch no bn u c th chuyn sang nhng ch hin
th khc bng cch s dng nt View trn thanh trng thi.
Page 62
Thm mt bng, bt u ch Datasheet view :

Trong Datasheet View, bn c th nhp ngay d liu, v
Access s xy dng cu trc cho bng da trn nhng d liu
. Tn trng c t ln lt (Field1, Field2, ), v cc
kiu d liu c Access t ng thit lp ty thuc vo loi
d liu m bn nhp vo cc trng.
Bc 1: Trn Tab Create trong nhm Tables nhp chn
Table
.
Bc 2: Sau bc ny Access s to ra mt bng v t v tr

con tr ti trng u tin ca ct Add New Field.
Page 63
Ch : Nu bn khng nhn thy ct c tn l Add New

Field, c th bn vn ang ch Design View ch khng
phi DataSheet View. chuyn qua ch hin th ny bn
nhp p chut vo bng trn thanh Pane Navigation.
Access s nhc bn nhp vo tn cho bng v chuyn sang
ch hin th Datasheet view.
Bc 3: Trn Tab DataSheet, trong nhm Field & Columns
nhp chn New Field
.
Access hin th Pane Field Templates, trong pane ny cha

danh sch cc kiu trng thng c s dng.
Page 64
Nu bn ko th mt trong s chng ln DataSheet ca bn,

Acces s t ng thm trng vo bng vi tn l tn ca
kiu d liu i vi cc trng c bn v tn nh trng gc
nu n c ly t cc bng khc. Ngoi ra Access cng
Page 65

thit lp nhng thuc tnh ph hp cho tng trng. Bn cn
phi ko v th trng vo phn cha d liu trn DataSheet.
Nh hnh nh trn cc bn c th thy trng c tn

Checkbox c ly t Basic Field v trng Description
c ly t mt bng c sn trong c s d liu.
Bc 4: nhp liu vo bng, bt u g t trng u
tin hoc bn cng c th dn d liu t mt ngun d liu
khc.
Ch :
- i tn mt ct bn nhp p chut vo phn tiu ca
ct, sau g vo tn mi.
Page 66
Tn trng bn va t s l ni dung hin th trng trn

Pane Field List.
- di chuyn mt ct, bn hy chn n bng cch nhp
chut ln phn tiu ca ct v ko th n mt v tr
bt k trn DataSheet. Bn cng c th chn nhiu ct mt
lc v di chuyn chng n v tr mi.
Chn thm mt bng bt u ch Design View:
ch Design View, u tin bn to mt cu trc bng mi,
sau bn chuyn sang ch DataSheet nhp liu, hoc
bn c th nhp d liu vo bng bng nhng phng thc
khc nh dn vo hoc chn thm.
Bc 1: Trn Tab Create trong nhm Tables nhp chn
Table Design
.
Page 67
Sau bc ny trn mn hnh xut hin mt bng mi ch

Design.
Bc 2: i vi mi trng trong bng, bn nhp tn trng

trong ct Field Name, sau la chn kiu d liu trong
danh sch Data Type.
Page 68
Ch :
Nu bn khng nhn thy ct Field Name v ct Data Type,
c th bn ang ch DataSheet thay v ch hin th
Design View, hy nhp chut vo nt Design View trn
thanh trng thi ca ca s Access.
Page 69
Access s a ra thng bo yu cu bn nhp tn mi cho

bng v sau t ng chuyn v ch Design View.
Bc 3: Nu mun, bn c th nhp vo thng tin din
gii cho cc trng ct Description. Nhng thng tin ny
s hin th trn thanh trng thi khi bn nhp d liu vo
trng . V bn cng c th s dng ni dung trn thanh
trng thi cho bt c iu khin no trn Form hoc Report
m bn to ra bng cch ko th trng t Pane Field List.
Page 70
Bc 4: Sau khi thm vo tt c cc trng cn thit, bn

hy lu bng li bng cch nhp chn nt Microsoft Office
Button
ri chn Save hoc nhp t hp phm Ctrl+S.
Page 71
Bc 5: Sau bc ny bn c th nhp d liu vo bng bt

c khi no bn chuyn sang ch hin th Datasheet View.
Page 72
ch ny bn di chuyn ti u tin v nhp ln lt

d liu cho tng bn ghi. Ngoi ra bn cng c th dn d
liu vo bng t mt ngun d liu khc.
Nu sau khi nhp mt s d liu vo bng, bn li cht
nh cn phi thm mt hoc mt s trng na mi ph hp.
Thay v vic chuyn v ch Design View nh lc ban u
thit k bn g thng d liu vo ct Add New Field ch
hin th Datasheet View.
Page 73
Hoc bn cng c thm mt trng mi bng cch nhp

chn nt lnh New Field trong nhm Fields & Column ca
Tab Datasheet.
Page 74

1.2.7. M mt Database tn ti
chn Open.
, sau
Bc 2: Tm ti th mc c cha Database ri nhp chn

DataBase cn m.
Page 75
Bc 3: Khi tm thy v nhp chn Database cn m bn

c th lm theo mt trong cc cch sau y:
- M Database ch mc nh ca chng trnh: Bn
nhp p chut vo Database .
- M Database cho php chia s nhiu ngi dng (chia s
nhiu ngi dng: L mt Database cho php nhiu hn mt
ngi s dng c th truy cp vo sa i, nhp liu ti cng
mt thi im) trong mt mi trng: Cho php c bn v
nhng ngi dng khc c th c v ghi vo c s d liu
cng mt lc bn hy nhp Open.
- M Database ch Read-only (ch c): Bn c th xem
d liu nhng khng th chnh sa c n hy nhp chut
vo mi tn ch xung dc theo nt Open/Open Read-only.
Page 76
- M Database c php Exclusive (c quyn): Khng c

mt ngi no khc c th m Database ny trong khi bn
ang m n. m theo ch ny bn nhp mi tn dc
theo nt Open chn Open Exclusive.
- M Database ch Exclusive Read-only (c quyn v

ch c): ch ny khi bn m mt Database bn ch c
th c d liu v nhng ngi khc th khng th m li n.
M ch ny bn chn mi tn dc theo nt Open/Open
Exclusive Read-only.
1.2.8. Nu khng tm thy Database cn m
Page 77

Bc 1: Trong hp thoi Open, nhp chut chn biu tng
ng tt My Computer hoc trong hp Look in nhp chn
My Computer.
Bc 2: Trong danh sch a, nhp chut phi vo a m

bn cho l c cha Database m bn ang tm kim chn
Search.
Bc 3: Ca s tm kim ca Window xut hin. Nhp vo
iu kin tm kim v sau nhn Enter tm c s d liu.
Page 78
Bc 4: Nu tm thy, m bn hy nhp p chut vo d

liu trong hp thoi Search Results.
Bc 5: V tm kim c bt u t hp thoi Open, nn
bn phi nhp chut vo Cancel tt hp thoi Open trc
khi m Database.
Ch : Bn c th m trc tip mt file d liu ngoi nh
dng mt tp tin (nh l dBASE, Paradox, Microsoft
Exchange, or Excel). Bn cng c th trc tip m bt c d
liu ngun ODBC no, nh l Microsoft SQL Server hoc
Microsoft FoxPro. Access s t ng to ra mt c s d liu
mi trong cng mt th mc nh l cc tp tin d liu, v
thm nhng lin kt cho mi bng trong c s d liu bn
ngoi.
1.2.9. M Database lm vic gn y nht
Page 79

Bn hy nhp chut vo tn mt File trong danh sch Open
Recent Database trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft
Office Access.
m mt trong nhng Database m bn lm gn y nht,

bn hy nhp chut vo tn ca Database trong danh sch
Open Recent Database trn trang Getting Started with
Microsoft Office Access. Access s m Database v thit lp
nhng ty chn nh ln cui cng bn lm vic vi n. Nu
trong danh sch cc file c s dng trong thi gian gn
y khng c hin th, bn hy nhp vo nt Microsoft
Office
, v sau nhp chn Access Options
Page 80
Hp thoi Access Options xut hin, nhp vo mc

Advanced, trong ca s gia hp thoi di mc Display
chn vo hp TextBox Recently used file list nhp vo s
s file cn lu li trong danh sch cc tp tin m ti a l
9.
Page 81
Nu bn ang m mt Database bng cch nhp chn nt

chn nt Open. Bn c th hin
th ng tt ti danh sch Database m bn m trc
bng cch nhp chut vo mc My Recent Documents trong
hp thoi Open.
Page 82
1.3. C g mi trong Microsoft Office Access 2007

Microsoft Office Access 2007 cung cp mt b cng c
mnh m gip bn nhanh chng bt u theo di, bo co, v
chia s thng tin. Bn c th nhanh chng to ra sc hp dn
v cc chc nng theo di cc ng dng ty bin ca mt
trong nhiu b Templates dng sn, chuyn i mt c s d
liu hin c, hoc to ra mt c s d liu mi, v bn c th
lm nh vy m khng cn phi trang b qu nhiu kin thc
v c s d liu.
1.3.1. bt u nhanh hn
Microsoft Office Access 2007 cung cp cc Templates m
bn c th d dng to ra c s d liu, bng biu, v cc
trng. Ngoi ra cn c nhng cng c hin th v thit k
mi gip bn trong qu trnh to C s d liu mi v lm
vic vi d liu.
C s d liu mu xy dng hon chnh cc ng dng
Microsoft Access 2007 cung cp mt b c s d liu bao
gm cc mu thit k chuyn nghip gip bn c th theo di
Page 83

a ch lin lc, nhim v, s kin, hc sinh, ti sn, v nhiu
kiu d liu khc. Bn c th s dng ngay lp tc hoc ci
tin v tinh chnh chng cho ph hp vi yu cu qun l ca
mnh.
Trn trang Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access xut

hin khi khi ng ng dng bn c th d dng to mt
DataBase mi bng cch nhp chn Blank DataBase.
Page 84
Hoc nhanh chng bt u to ra c s d liu ca bn bng

cch m mt trong nhng bn mu nm trong mc Featured
online Templates.
Mi DataBase Templates l mt ng dng tng i hon
chnh vi mt bi ton chung. Chng bao gm cc Table,
Form, Report, Query, Macro v cc mi quan h gia cc
bng. Nhng DataBase Template ny cho php bn c th s
Page 85

dng chng ngay lp tc nu bn cho l cu trc ca n p
ng c yu cu qun l ca mnh. Nu vn cha bn c
s dng, k tha chng to ra nhng c s d liu ph
hp hn yu cu mnh.
Ngoi cc Template m Microsoft Access 2007 cung cp bn

cng c th kt ni vi Microsoft Office Online c th ti
v cc Template khc.
Field v Table Templates
Thay v vic b rt nhiu thi gian thit k cc trng bn
c th s dng li cc trng dng sn (File Templates) vi
tn, kiu d liu v cc thuc tnh c nh ngha t trc.
Bn c th ko th trc tip cc trng m bn cn trong
Panel Fields Templates vo mt Datasheet. Cc trng c
to ra da trn (Based on) cc file XML schema (. Xsd) gip
bn c th thit lp, xy dng thnh nhng nh ngha chun
Page 86

ca ring mnh v chia s s dng trong phng hoc nhm
lm vic.
Ngoi ra, Microsoft Office Access 2007 cn bao gm cc

Table thng c s dng trong c s d liu. V d, bn
Page 87

c th s dng Contacts table template thm Table
Contacts vo c s d liu ca bn. Bng ny bao gm cc
trng nh Last Name, First Name, and Address. Cc thuc
tnh ca nhng trng ny cng c thit lp sn bn c
th s dng ngay chng. Cn c cc bng mu c sn khc
nh Tasks, Issues, Events, v Assets.
Nng cp Datasheet view
Vi Microsoft Access 2007 bn c th d dng to mt bng
d liu bng cch nhp chn Tab Create ri chn Table.
Microsoft Access 2007 s t ng xc nh kiu d liu ph

hp nht cho mi trng sau khi bn g xong d liu v di
chuyn qua n.
thm mt trng mi bn nhp chut ti ct cui cng
(Add new field) v thay i d liu trn n.
V nu bn cn thay i kiu d liu hoc nh dng kiu d

liu hin th ca mt trng mi hay mt trng c bn
Page 88

c th s dng cc nt chc nng trn thanh Ribbon. N l
mt phn ca giao din ngi dng Microsoft Office fluent.
Bn cng c th dn mt bng d liu t Microshoft Excel
vo mt Datasheet mi trong Microsoft Access 2007, bng
cch to trc mt cu trc cc trng tng ng vi bng
d liu m bn cn dn vo.
Layout View mi gip ci thin tc thit k Forms v
Report.
S dng Layout View thc hin cc thay i thit k
trong khi hin th d liu trong mt Form hoc mt Report.
V d, bn c th thm vo mt trng trn li thit k bng

cch ko th t Field list pane, hoc bn c th thay i cc
thuc bng cch s dng thuc tnh trn Sheet. Layout View
Page 89

cung cp mt cch b tr mi cho cc Control l stacked
layout (B tr dng ngn xp) v tabular layout (B tr dng
bng) - nhm cc Controls m bn c th di chuyn v thay
i kch thc nh mt n v bn c th d dng sp xp
li cc trng, ct, hng, hoc ton b Layout. Bn cng c
th loi b mt trng hoc thm vo nh dng mt cch d
dng trong Layout View. Ch Design View cng tng t
nh cc phin bn trc gip bn c th bit thm chi tit v
cc Control, ch ny cng ch h tr Layout dng
stacked v tabular.
1.3.2. Microsoft Office fluent
Nhng kt qu mi theo nh hng giao din ngi dng Microsoft Office fluent giao din ngi s dng - gip bn
d dng lm vic vi Microsoft Access 2007. nhng phin
bn trc Lnh v cc tnh nng thng c du kn trong
cc menu, thanh cng c phc tp b him. Nhng by gi
bn c th d dng tm kim cng vic theo nh hng s
dng trn cc tab cha cc nhm lnh. Nhiu hp thoi
c thay th bng cc la chn hin th trn thanh cng c
sn sng cho ngi dng s dng, ngoi ra n cn c m
t trn cc Tooltips hoc hin th di dng cc v d.
Khng c bt c mt vn g vi cc hot ng m bn
ang thc hin trong giao din ngi dng mi - cho d
l to ra mt Report hoc nhp d liu Hy tip cn vi
nhng cng c hu ch nht m chng ti s trnh by di
y chc chn cc bn s thnh cng trong vic nghin cu
v s dng Microsoft Access 2007.
Microsoft Office fluent giao din ngi s dng:
Microsoft Office fluent giao din ngi dng bao gm cc
khu vc tiu chun (standard area) c gi l Ribbon, trong
c cha cc nhm lnh c t chc, sp xp theo chc
Page 90

nng. Ribbon thay th cc lp trnh n v thanh cng c c
in trong cc phin bn Access c.
S dng Office fluent Ribbon xc nh v tr cc nhm

lnh c lin quan nhanh hn. V d, nu bn cn phi to mt
Form hoc Report, hy s dng mt trong nhng lnh trn
Tab Create. Vic thit k b tr giao din mi lm cho vic
tm kim lnh, chc nng m bn cn tr nn nhanh chng,
thm vo bn cn c th khm ph ra nhng tnh nng
khc m trc y bn cha h bit ti. Cc nt lnh c
t gn hn trn giao din, iu c ngha l bn khng cn
phi tm kim trong menu hay c nh v tr ca chng u
.
Phm chc nng ca giao din ngi dng Microsoft
Office Fluent bao gm:
- Tab lnh: Cc Tab cha nhng nt lnh thng c s
dng cng nhau, nh vy khi cn s dng bn c th d dng
tm thy chng.
- Ni dung cc Tab lnh: Mt Tab lnh s xut hin ty
thuc vo bi cnh lm vic ca bn trn mn hnh giao din.
Mt ni dung tab lnh s cha nhng lnh c nhiu kh nng
p dng cho nhng g bn ang lm vic.
- Toolbar truy cp nhanh: Vi mt thanh cng c Standard
xut hin trn Ribbon, ch bng mt ci nhp chut bn c
Page 91

th truy cp ti nhng lnh cn thit chng hn nh Save
Undo, .
Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access page: Trang
ny cung cp kh nng truy cp nhanh n mt th vin, cc
c s d liu mu c thit k chuyn nghip, ngoi cc c
s d liu m bn m trong thi gian gn y (nu bn
ang kt ni vo Internet) v cc lin kt n cc bi vit
Office Online ph bin.
Navigation Pane: Pane ny lit k v cung cp cch thc

truy cp d dng ti tt c cc i tng trong c s d liu
hin ti ang m. Bn c th s dng Navigation Pane t
chc, sp xp cc Object ca bn theo kiu (Object Type),
ngy to (Create Date), ngy sa i (Modified Date), ,
hoc tu chnh trong cc nhm m bn to ra. Nu bn cn
thm khng gian lm vic vi cc Form khi thit k, bn
c th d dng thu hp Navigation Pane n chim t khng
Page 92

gian hn. Pane Navigation c to ra thay th ca s
DataBase c s dng trong phin bn trc y ca
Access 2007.
Page 93

Tabbed objects: Cc Table, queries, forms, reports, macros
ca bn c hin th nh l cc Tabbed objects trong
Access window.
Bng cch nhp chut vo cc i tng Tab, bn c th d

dng chuyn i gia cc i tng khc nhau.
Status bar: L thanh trng thi di cng ca ca s, hin
th thng tin trng thi, cc nt lnh cho php bn chuyn i
gia cc ln hin th.
Mini toolbar: L mt yu t, ging nh mt thanh cng c,
xut hin khi mt ni dung vn bn c la chn, gip bn
c th d dng p dng cc nh dng nh in m hoc
nghing, hoc thay i font ch.
Help window: Khng ging nh cc phin bn trc ca
Access, Microsoft Access 2007 cho php truy cp c Access
Help v ni dung Developer Reference trn cng mt ca s
tr gip mt cch d dng. Bn cng c th d dng thay i
phm vi tm kim ca ch mnh ni dung Developer
Reference.
Page 94
1.3.3. Thm cc cng c mnh to i tng

Office Access 2007 cung cp mt mi trng trc quan
to cc Form v cc Report, cho php bn nhanh chng to
ra cc Form v cc Report. Chng hin th sau khi c
xp xp, lc v nhm theo cc thng tin v tng i tng.
Create tab
S dng Tab Create gip bn nhanh chng to ra cc Form,
cc Report, Table, Query, macros v Module mi. Nu bn
Page 95

chn mt Table hoc mt Query trong Navigation Pane, bn
c th to ra mt Form hoc mt bo co mi da trn cc
i tng bng cch nhp chut vo nt Form hoc
Report. Cc Form v cc Report mi ny c to ra gn
nh ngay lp tc v cc thit k trn cng c nng cp
ng k. T ng to ra cc Form v cc Report rt chuyn
nghip vi logo v tiu c nh ngha sn. Ngoi ra, n
cn t ng to ra mt bo co bao gm c thng tin v ngy
thng nm, Footer, Totals.
Bn s thy rng cc i tng c to bng cch ny gip

bn rt nhiu v thi gian v nhanh chng a bn tin xa
hn trong qu trnh nghin cu ng dng.
Ch hin th mi: Report view v Layout view
Hai ch hin th mi ny cho php bn lm vic vi cc
Form v cc Report mt cch trc quan hn. Bng cch s
dng Report Views, bn c th duyt v mt cch chnh xc
bo co m khng cn phi in ra hoc xem ch xem
trc khi in. tham chiu ti mt s bn ghi, bn s dng
tnh nng lc, hoc s dng cng c tm kim theo ni dung
vn bn trong bn ghi .
Report View cho bn kh nng duyt bo co nhng Layout
View li gip bn thay i thit k bo co ngay khi bn
ang xem chng. Bn c th s dng Layout View thc
hin thay i cc thit k chung khi ang hin th ni dung
Page 96

d liu trn Form hoc bo co. V d, thm vo mt trng
bng cch ko mt trng t ca s Field List pane, hoc
thay i thuc tnh cho i tng bng cch s dng
Properties Sheet. Layout view vi nhng h tr mi, stacked
layout v tabular layout (Nhm cc Control), cho php bn
d dng sp xp li cc trng, ct, hng, hoc ton b
Layout. Bn cng c th d dng loi b mt trng hoc
thm vo nh dng trong Layout View.
Group v sort trong cc bo co

Vi Microsoft Access 2007 bn s c mt cng c rt tt
Group, Sort, v thm tng con trong bo co. Bn s tm thy
Page 97

mt giao din ngi dng mi, d dng hn di chuyn v
hiu c, v khi n c s dng vi Layout view mi, bn
s nhn thy hiu qu ca cc thay i ngay lp tc.
Gi s bn cn to mt bo co v doanh s bn hng theo

khu vc. Hy s dng Layout View v Panel Group, Sort,
and Total thm vo mt cp nhm, v xem s thay i
hin ra trn bo co! Vi cch to dng Total mi bn c th
d dng to Total nhiu dng khc nhau trn Header,
Footer ca bo bo co nh kiu Sum, average, count,
maximum, hoc minimum. Vi mt Total n gin bn
khng cn thit phi to ra mt trng tnh ton m c th
nhp chn lun trn cng c ny.
iu khin b cc tr gip vic to Form, Report.

Cc From, Report thng bao gm cc thng tin tabuler, nh
l mt ct c cha tn ca khch hng hay mt hng cha tt
c cc trng dnh cho khch hng . Bn c th s dng
Microsoft Access 2007 nhm nhng Control trong mt
Layout vo vi nhau mt cch d dng, n c th bao gm c
cc Label.
Page 98
Bn c th chn cc iu khin t cc vng khc, v d nh

nhn trong phn Hearder hoc Footer, n tht s rt linh hot
v bn c th d dng:
- Di chuyn hoc thay i kch c ca mt Layout. V d, di
chuyn mt ct t tri qua phi.
- nh dng mt Layout. V d, Tn mt khch hng c
t trong ct in m v ni.
- Thm mt trng.
- Xa mt trng.
Split Forms mi hin th d liu nhanh hn

S dng Split Form mi to Form m kt hp t mt
Datasheet view v mt Form View. Bn c th thit lp
Page 99

thuc tnh ch nh Access t li v tr ca DataSheet ln
trn, xung di hay sang tri sang phi.
Nhng Macros vo cc Form, Report

Mt cch mi v ng tin cy, bn c th nhng macros
trnh phi vit m. Mt Macro nhng c lu gi trong mt
thuc tnh v l mt phn ca i tng cha n. Bn c th
chnh sa nhng thit k ca mt Macro nhng m khng
phi lo lng v nhng iu khin khc cng s dng Macro
ny cc Macro nhng hon ton c lp. Macros nhng rt
Page 100

ng tin cy bi v chng c kh nng t ng ngn chn
mt s nhng thao tc khng an ton.
1.3.4. Nhng kiu d liu v iu khin mi

Microsoft Access 2007 cung cp nhiu kiu d liu v iu
khin mi cho php lu tr nhiu dng d liu khc nhau, v
bn c th nhp chng d dng hn.
Trng a tr cho cc d liu phc tp
Bn c th to ra mt trng cha nhiu gi tr, cn c gi
l dng d liu phc tp. Gi s bn cn phi ch nh mt
cng vic cho mt trong nhng nhn vin hoc nh thu ca
mnh, nhng bn mun ch nh n cho nhiu hn mt
ngi. Trong hu ht cc h thng qun l c s d liu v
trong cc phin bn c ca Access, bn cn to ra rt nhiu
cc mi quan h lm iu ny mt cch chnh xc. Trong
Microsoft Access 2007, phn cng s thc hin vic ny cho
bn, khi bn chn mt trng m bn thit lp chp nhn
nhiu gi tr. Trng a tr trong Microsoft Access 2007 s
rt thch hp bn lm vic ny. Office Access 2007 c kh
nng tng thch vi rt nhiu kiu d liu.
Trng Attachment ch Files

Kiu d liu Attachment mi cho php bn d dng lu tr
tt c cc loi ti liu v tp tin nh phn trong c s d liu
ca bn m khng cn quan tm ti kch thc ca chng.
Microsoft Access 2007 s t ng nn chng li n mc c
th gim thiu khng gian lu tr. Nu bn cn nh km
mt tp tin Microsft Word 2007 v mt bn ghi hoc lu tr
Page 101

mt bc nh k thut s vo CSDL ca mnh? Bng cch
s dng trng Attachment s lm cho cng vic tr nn ht
sc d dng. Thm ch bn c th thm nhiu tp tin nh
km ch vi mt bn ghi duy nht.
Trng Memo lu tr Rich Text v h tr lch s sa i

Vi kh nng lu tr Rich Text ca Microsoft Access 2007,
trong mt bn ghi s lng vn bn ca bn s khng cn b
gii hn. Bn c th nh dng vn bn vi cc ty chn (nh
m, nghing, phng ch, mu sc, v nhng ty chn nh
dng ph bin khc) v lu gi cc vn bn trong c s d
liu ca mnh. Rich-formatted text c lu gi trong mt
trng Memo nh mt vn bn HTML da trn nh dng
tng ng vi Rich Text, l mt kiu d liu trong Windows
SharePoint Services.
Trng Memo s hu ch cho vic lu tr mt s lng ln
thng tin. Vi Microsoft Access 2007, bn c th thit lp
thuc tnh Append Only gi li tt c lch s ca nhng
ln thay i thng tin trn trng . V bn hon ton c
th xem li nhng s thay i ny. Tnh nng ny cng h
tr theo di trong Windows SharePoint Services, nh vy
Page 102

bn c th s dng Access xem ni dung lch s danh
sch SharePoint.
Chn ny vi Calendar
Nhng trng v nhng iu c kiu d liu kiu Date/Time
s t ng cp nht tnh nng mi ny: Mt iu khin lch
s c gn km cho php chn ngy thng. Nt lch t ng
xut hin v tr chnh xc ti ngy thng hin ti. Nu bn
mun bit th 6 ti l ngy bao nhiu? Bn ch Click chn v
mt bng lch s t ng xut hin cho php bn tm v chn
ngy . Bn cng c th ty chn tt bng lch ny trn
trng hoc iu khin bng cch s dng mt thuc tnh.
1.3.5. Nng cp thit k v cc cng c phn tch
Nhng cng c mi trong Microsoft Access 2007 s gip
bn to ra cc i tng c s d liu nhanh hn v sau
phn tch d liu mt cch d dng hn.
Nng cao Field List pane
Vi Pane Field List bn c th ko th trng t mt bng
vo trong bn ghi ngun, cc bng c th c mi quan h vi
nhau hoc khng. Microsoft Access 2007 to sn cc cu
trc v vy nu mt mi quan h gia cc bng l cn thit
th n s t ng to ra mi qua h .
Page 103
Nng cao cng c lc, sp xp

Gi s bn cn phi nhanh chng tm thy mt gi tr ph
hp hoc sp xp mt ct ca d liu. Microsoft Access
2007 vi chc nng AutoFilte cung cp kh nng lc nhanh
Page 104

chng bn c th tm thy cc d liu m bn cn. Bn
cng c th d dng la chn t cc gi tr duy nht trong
mt ct, iu ny rt c ch cho cc tnh hung khi bn
khng th gi li tn m bn cn, hoc bn c th sp xp cc
gi tr bng cch s dng cc trnh n ty chn.
Cc b lc ty chn ph bin nht rt d dng nhn thy

trong trnh n lnh, bn c th nhanh chng s dng chng
gii hn cc thng tin da trn cc d liu nhp vo. B
lc ty chn t ng thay i da trn kiu d liu m bn
ang tc tc.
Page 105
Nhng tnh nng lc hay sp xp mi c thit k s gip

bn c c nhng kinh nghim nht nh lm vic khng
ch vi Access 2007 m c Excel 2007.
Totals (Tng cng) v mu nn trong DataSheet
Page 106

Vi dng Total trong Datasheet View mi bn c th hin th
mt tng (sum), hoc n bn ghi (count), tnh gi tr trung
bnh (everage), Sau khi bn thm dng Total, bn tr vo
mi tn trong cc ct v chn php tnh cn thit mun.
Datasheet, Report, Forms u c h tr mu nn cho cc

row, bn c th thit lp mc nh mu nn cho chng. To
bng cho cc hng cng rt d dng, v bn c th chn bt
k mu sc no m mnh thch.
Page 107
1.3.6. Tng cng an ninh

Microsoft Access 2007 tng cng chc nng bo mt mt
cch mnh m v thng minh vi Windows SharePoint gip
bn qun l hiu qu, theo di cc ng dng an ton hn
trc rt nhiu. Bng cch lu tr d liu theo di ca bn
trong danh sch ng dng trn Windows SharePoint
Services, bn c th kim tra xem xt li lch s, khi phc
li thng tin b xa, phn quyn d liu truy cp.
1.3.7. Cch thc mi chia s d liu v cng tc vi
nhng ngi khc
Bng cch s dng cc tnh nng cng tc mi ca Microsoft
Access 2007, bn c th thu thp v chia s thng tin vi
nhng ngi khc hiu qu hn trong mt mi trng bo
mt trn Web.
Tch hp vi Windows SharePoint Services
Microsoft Access 2007 vi Windows SharePoint Services
trong mt s trng hp, gip bn tn dng li th ca nhiu
tnh nng cng tc trong Windows SharePoint Services.
Page 108

- Sa i d liu theo di: Vi s gip ca Windows
SharePoint Services, bn c th xem lch s sa i ca mt
bn ghi. Gi s bn cn phi bit ai thay i ni dung mt
hng v n c thay i khi no? Tt c c th tm thy
bng cch xem trong lch s sa i.
- Cho php ci t: Vi s gip ca Windows
SharePoint Services, bn c th t quyn truy cp cho php
ngi dng thm vo danh sch. Bn c th chn lc cho
php hoc t chi mt s ngi dng truy cp. Bn cng c
th ch nh gii hn ch quyn ch c hoc Full (mi thay
i tc ng u c chp nhn).
- Ly t Recycle Bin: Bn c th s dng Recycle Bin mi
trong Windows SharePoint Services d dng xem cc
trng xa hoc khi phc li cc thng tin b xa
trc .
M Form, Report trong Windows SharePoint Services:
Windows SharePoint Services cho php ngi dng c th
m trc tip cc danh sch trong Access views (Form,
Report, DataSheet) t mt site SharePoint. Khi bn chn mt
Access views, Microsoft Access 2007 m v gi ti cc
Form, Report hay Datasheet . V vy n gip bn c th
chy trn SharePoint site m khng cn khi ng Microsoft
Access 2007. Bn cng c th chn m mt danh sch
trong Access, v nu c s d liu khng tn ti, n s t
ng to mi v cc Form, Report s c k tha trong
danh sch ca bn.
Thu thp d liu bng cch s dng cc biu mu
InfoPath v Outlook
Bng cch s dng cc tnh nng mi Data Collection,
Microsoft Access 2007 c th t ng to ra mt nh dng
Microsoft Office InfoPath 2007 hoc nh dng HTML v
nhng n trong phn body ca mt e-mail. Sau bn c th
Page 109

gi chng i ti nhng a ch ngi nhn t Contact
Outlook ca bn, hoc tn ca ngi nhn c lu gi
trong mt trng trong c s d liu Access.
Bn la chn xem thu thp nhng thng tin mi hay cp

cp nht cc thng tin hin c. Ngi nhn biu mu sau
s hon thin v gi li. Microsoft Access 2007 t ng nhn
dng cc biu mu gi n v lu vo c s d liu.
Page 110

Export sang nh dng PDF v XPS
By gi bn c th xut d liu mt nh dng file .PDF
(Portable Document Format) hoc .XPS (XML Paper
Specification) dng cho vic in n, Post bi hay e-mail. Vic
xut mt Form, Report, hoc Datasheet sang file c nh
dng .Pdf hay .XPS cho php bn d dng phn phi cc
thng tin m vn gi li tt c nhng nh dng m bn thit
lp. M khng cn ngi nhn phi ci t Access.
Portable Document Format: Mt nh dng PDF l mt
file c nh gip bo v cc nh dng ca vn bn v chia s
tp tin. Cc nh dng PDF bo m rng khi cc tp tin
c xem trc tuyn hoc in ra, n gi li chnh xc cc nh
dng m bn thit k, v gi cho tp tin khng b sao chp
hoc sa i. Cc nh dng PDF cng hu ch cho cc ti
liu m s c sao chp bng cch s dng cc phng
php in n thng mi.
XML Paper Specification: Mt XPS l mt nh dng tp
tin in t, bo v nh dng ti liu v gip chia s tp tin.
Cc nh dng XPS m bo rng khi cc tp tin c xem
trc tuyn hoc in ra, n gi li chnh xc cc nh dng m
bn nh sn, gip cho cc d liu trong tp tin khng b
sao chp hoc thay i.
Bn c th xut d liu ra mt file c nh dng .Pdf hay
.XPS t Microsoft Access 2007 ch sau khi bn ci t cc
add-in.
Lm vic vi d liu bn ngoi c thc hin d dng
hn
Cc tnh nng mi trong Microsoft Access 2007 lm cho vic
Import hay Export tr nn d dng hn. Bn c th lu li
mt hot ng Import hay Export v sau ti s dng
thi gian tip theo. Vi Import Spreadsheet Wizard s cho
Page 111

php bn ghi ln kiu d liu cho bi Access, v bn c
th Import, Export, v v lin kt n cc nh dng tp tin
Excel 2007 mi.
1.3.8. Cch tt hn g ri vn
Microsoft Office Diagnostics l mt lot cc xt nghim
chn on c th gip bn khm ph l do ti sao my tnh
ca bn c crashing. Cc xt nghim chn on c th gii
quyt mt s vn trc tip v c th xc nh cch thc
m bn c th gii quyt cc vn . Microsoft Office
Diagnostics thay th cho nhng tnh nng sau y ca
Microsoft Office 2003: D tm, sa cha, v phc hi ng
dng Microsoft Office.
1.3.9. Nng cao cht lng cc cng c Proofing
Sau y l mt s tnh nng mi ca cng c kim tra chnh
t.
Cng c kim tra chnh t c lm chc chn hn trong
b Microsoft Ofice 2007. Di y l v d v s thay i
ny:
Mt vi ty chn kim tra ton cc by gi s mang tnh ton
cc. Nu bn thay i mt trong cc ty chn ny bt c
ng dng no trong b Office n cng s thay i tng ng
trong cc ng dng khc ca b Office.
Ngoi ra chia s cng mt b t in, tt c cc chng
trnh c th qun l chng bng cch s dng cng mt hp
thoi.
Page 112
Bi 2. Lm vic vi Table
Khi bn to ra mt c s d liu, bn lu tr d liu trong
cc bng (da trn ni dung ca cc hng v ct). V d, bn
c th to mt bng Contacts lu tr danh sch gm tn, a
ch, v s in thoi, hoc mt bng Products lu tr nhng
thng tin v sn phm cn qun l.
Bi vit ny vi mc ch hng dn bn lm th no to
ra mt bng v lm th no thm cc trng ri thit lp
thuc tnh cho nhng trng . Cng nh hng dn bn
cch to ra nhng kha chinh cho cc bng .
Bi v c rt nhiu i tng khc nhau nhng li ph thuc
ln nhau trong mt Database. V vy trc khi bt tay vo
thit k cc bng bn nn xem xt mt cch k lng cc yu
cu mnh, lm sao khng b d tha cc bng d liu
khng c ch.
2.1. Tng qut
Mi Table l mt i tng ca CSDL m bn s dng
lu tr v mt ch c th, chng hn nh nhn vin trong
cng ty, sn phm ca mt nh my no , Mt bng
gm c nhiu trng v nhiu bn ghi.
Mi bn ghi cha d liu v mt ch th m bng lu tr,
chng hn nh cc thng tin v mt nhn vin. Mt bn ghi
thng tng ng vi mt dng trong bng d liu.
Mi trng cha d liu v mt trong nhng thuc tnh ca
ch th trong bng, chng hn nh tn hay a ch e-mail ca
mt nhn vin. Mi trng tng ng vi mt ct trong bng
d liu.
Page 113
Mt bn ghi bao gm gi tr ca nhiu trng chng hn nh

Nh sch Minh Lm, nh sch, minhlam@yahoo.com. Gi tr
ca mt trng thng c gi l mt thc th.
Trn y v mt bng c m ch Datasheet View

Trong :
(1) : Mt bn ghi
(2): Mt trng
(3): Gi tr mt trng
Nh vy chng ta c th tng kt li nh sau:
Mt c s d liu c th cha nhiu bng, mi bng lu tr
thng tin v mt i tng, ch th khc nhau. Trong mi
bng c th cha mt hoc nhiu trng vi nhng kiu d
liu cng khc nhau nh kiu chui, s, ngy thng, kiu lin
kt,
2.1.1. Thuc tnh ca bng v trng
Bng v trng c nhng thuc tnh m bn c th thit lp
kim sot hnh vi cng nh c im ca chng.
Page 114
y l mt bng c m ch Design View.

Trong :
(1): Thuc tnh ca bng
(2): Thuc tnh ca trng
Trong mt Database Access, thuc tnh ca bng nh hng
trc tip, ton din ti s th hin cng nh hnh vi ca bng
. ch Design View, thuc tnh ca bng c thit
lp Pane Property Sheet. V d, bn c th thit lp thuc
tnh Default View cho bng mi ln hin th n s hin th
theo ch .
Page 115
Mt thuc tnh ca trng c p dng cho mt trng c

th trong bng v xc nh mt trong nhng tnh cht c
trng ca trng . Bn c th thit lp thuc tnh cho
trng ch hin th Datasheet View, cng nh ch
Design View bng cch s dng Pane Field Properties.
Page 116
2.1.2. Kiu d liu

Mi trng c mt kiu d liu nht nh. Mt kiu d liu
ca mt trng cho bit kiu d liu m trng lu tr
chng hn nh trng d liu kiu Text s cho php lu tr
cc k t, hay kiu Date/Time cho php lu tr d liu kiu
ngy thng,
Kiu d liu ca trng thc cht l thuc tnh ca trng

, tuy nhin n vn khc thuc tnh mt s im sau y:
- Bn c th thit lp kiu d liu cho trng trong li thit
k bng nhng khng th lm vic trong Pane Field
Properties.
- Mt kiu d liu ca trng xc nh nhng thuc tnh m
trng c th c.
Page 117
Ch :
Bn c th to ra mt trng mi ch Datasheet view
trong Access bng cch nhp d liu trc tip d liu vo
mt ct mi. Khi bn to ra mt trng mi bng cch ny
Access s t ng nh ngha kiu d liu cho trng da
trn nhng gi tr m bn nhp vo ct . Nu nh khng c
mt kiu d liu no ph hp cho rt nhiu gi tr trn ct
Access s hiu l d liu kiu Text, nu cn thit bn
hon ton c th thay i li nhng kiu d liu ny.
Di y l bng m t v kiu d liu m Access t ng
thit lp cho trng tng ng vi d liu bn nhp vo.
D liu c th nhp vo
Kiu d liu m Access

c th t nh ngha
Minh Lm
Text
http://www.minhlam.com
Hyperlink
Number, Long Integer
50,000
Number, Long Integer
50,000.99
Number, Double
50000.389
Number, Double
12/67
Date/Time
December 31, 2006
Date/Time
10:50:23
Date/Time
Page 118

10:50 am
Date/Time
17:50
Date/Time
$12.50
Currency
21.75
Number, Double
123.00%
Number, Double
3.46E+03
Number, Double
2.1.3. Quan h gia cc bng

Mc d mi bng lu tr d liu v mt ch th nht nh,
nhng xt trong mt Database th cc ch th ny li c mi
quan h mt thit vi nhau. V d, mt c s d liu c th
cha:
Mt bng customers l danh sch khch hng cng ty ca
bn.
Mt bng products cha danh sch nhng sn phm m cng
ty bn sn xut ra.
Mt bng orders cha nhng n t hng m khch hng
mua sn phm.
V khch hng trong orders mua sn sn phm ca cng ty
sn xut ra nn nhng khch hng phi l khch hng
trong bng customers, v nhng sn phm cng phi l
nhng sn phn trong bng Products.
Chnh v nhng mi lin h m bn cn phi lm th no
c th lin kt cc bng ny li vi nhau. Nh vic lin
kt ny m bn c th d dng kim sot s ton vn d liu
trong mt Database.
Page 119

lin kt cc bng li vi nhau bn cn phi to ra cc mi
lin kt (quan h). Mt mi quan h l mt kt ni Logical
gia hai bng vi nhau thng qua mt trng c chung hai
bng.
V d trong bng Customers s c trng Id xc nh tnh
duy nht ca khch hng v trong bng Orders cng c
trng Id_Kh trng ny lu tr Id ca khch hng mua sn
phm, hai trng ny c gi l trng lin kt gia bng
Customers v bng Order.
2.1.4. Kha
Nhng trng m l mt phn ca mi quan h trong bng
gi l trng kha. Mt kha thng bao gm mt hoc
nhiu trng khc nhau. Trong bng c th c hai loi kha
sau y:
Primary key: Mt bng ch c duy nht mt kha Primary
key. Mt kha Primary key c th bao gm mt hoc nhiu
trng kt hp vi nhau xc nh tnh duy nht ca mi bn
ghi lu tr trong bng.
Thng thng, c mt s xc nh tnh duy nht ca mt
bn ghi, chng hn nh s ID, s s-ri, hoc m s s c
chn lm kha. V d, bn c mt bng Customers mi
khch hng c xc inh duy nht thng qua s Id ca
khch hng . Nh vy trng Id chnh l trng kha ca
bng Customers. Khi mt chnh kho (Primary key ) cha
nhiu hn mt trng th n l s kt hp ca nhng trng
tn ti, kt hp vi nhau to ra mt gi tr duy nht. V
d, bn c th kt hp cc trng Ho, Ten, Ngay_Sinh to
thnh mt trng kha cho bng People.
Foreign key: Mt bng c th c mt hoc nhiu Foreign
key. Mt Foreign key cha cc gi tr m tng ng vi
nhng gi tr l nhng gi tr ca trng kha chnh
Page 120

nhng bng khc. V d, bn c th c mt bng Orders,
trong mi n hng c mt s Id ca khch hng t n
hng , Id xc nh tnh duy nht ca mt bn ghi trong
bng Customers. Nh vy c th ni trng Id khch hng
trong bng n hng l mt Foreign key (ngoi kha).
S tng ng ca cc gi tr gia nhng trng kha l nn
tng ca mt mi quan h gia cc bng vi nhau. Bn c
th s dng mi quan h ca bng kt hp d liu t
nhng bng lin quan. V d, gi s bn c mt bng
Customers v mt bng Orders, mi bn ghi c xc nh
duy nht bi trng kha Id (trng kha chnh).
lin kt mi n hng vi mt khch hng, bn thm mt
trng ngoi kha vo bng Orders tng ng vi trng Id
trong bng Customers, v sau to mi quan h gia hai
kha ny. Khi bn thm mt bn ghi vo Orders, bn s dng
gi tr cho trng Id khch hng c ly t bng
Customers. Khi no bn cn xem bt k thng tin no v mt
n t hng ca khch hng, bn nn s dng cc mi quan
h xc nh c nhng d liu t bng Customers tng
ng vi cc bn ghi trong bng Orders.
Page 121
Mi quan h gia hai bng, c hin th trong ca s

Relationships.
(1): L trng primary key (kha chnh), xc nh bi biu
tng kha bn cnh tn trng.
(2): L trng foreign key (ngoi kha)
2.1.5. Li ch ca vic s dng relationships
Vic lu tr d liu c phn chia trong nhng bng lin
quan c nhng li ch sau y:
S nht qun: V mi ni dung ca d liu c ghi ch mt
ln, trong mt bng, c t kh nng sy ra s mu thun,
khng minh bch. Chng hn, bn lu tr tn ca mt khch
hng ch mt ln, trong bng khch hng, hn l lu tr n
nhiu ln (V tim n nhng mu thun) trong bng cha d
liu n hng.
Page 122
Hiu qu: Ghi d liu mt ch c ngha l bn s dng t

khng gian trn a cng hn. Thm vo , bng t dung
lng s cho php truy cp, truy vn d liu nhanh hn l
cc bng ln. Cui cng, nu bn khng s dng nhng bng
ring bit lu ch thng tin v cc ch th ring bit, bn
s phi theo di, qun l c nhng gi tr Null dn n s d
tha d liu trong cc bng. C hai l do c th s tiu ph
khng gian lu tr v ngn cn qu trnh lm vic vi d liu
ca bn.
S hiu bit: Qu trnh thit k mt Database s d hiu hn
nu mt ch th c phn r hp l thnh nhng bng ring
bit.
2.1.6. Trc khi bn bt u
Trc khi bn bt u to ra cc bng trong Microsoft Office
Access 2007, c vi s khc bit so vi nhng phin bn
trc ca Access m bn cn ch .
Bng v trng Template c thay th cho Table
Winzard trong cc phin bn trc, bn s dng Table
Winzard to ra mt Table rt n gin vi vic ch phi
tr li vi cu hi. Trong Microsoft Access 2007, Table
Winzard s c thay th bng Table v cc trng
Template (mu).
Datasheet trong Microsoft Access 2007, bn c th to ra v
sa i cc bng, trng trong khi ang vic lm vic ch
hin th Datasheet View
2.2. To mi mt bng
Page 123

Mt c s d liu n gin, nh danh sch lin lc, c th s
dng ch duy nht mt bng. Tuy nhin nhiu c s d liu,
phi s dng rt nhiu bng.
Khi bn to ra mt c s d liu mi, ng thi bn cng
to ra mt File trn my tnh, n ng vai tr nh mt
Container (ni cha) tt c cc i tng trong c s d liu,
trong c cc bng d liu.
Bn c th to ra mt bng bng vic to ra mt c s d liu
mi, hoc cng c th to ra bng vic chn mt bng vo
trong mt c s d liu tn ti, hay bng cch Import hoc
lin kt ti cc bng t nhng ngun d liu khc. Khi bn
to mi mt DataBase rng, mt bng mi cha c ni dung
s c chn vo . Bn c th nhp d liu vo cng nh
bt u nh ngha cc trng cho bng.
2.3.1. To bng mi trong Database mi.
Nhp chut chn nt Microsoft Office Button
nht New.
, sau
Page 124
Trong hp nhp File Name, g vo tn cho Database mi.

thay i ng dn lu Database bn nhp chut chn biu
tng Folder chn li. Cui cng nhp Create.
Page 125
Mt Database mi c m v mt Table mi vi tn l
Table1 c to ra v m ch Datasheet View.
2.3.2. To bng mi trong Database tn ti
Nhp chut chn nt Microsoft Office Button
chn Open.
, sau
Page 126
Hp thoi Open xut hin chn ti Database cn m ri nhp

Open.
Page 127
Trn Tab Create trong nhm Table chn Table.
Mt bng mi c Insert vo Database v bng ny c

m ch Datasheet View.
Page 128
2.3.3. S dng bng Template to bng

Trong nhng phin bn trc y ca Access, bn s dng
Table Winzard to nhanh mt bng t nhng bng v
trng mu. Thay cho chc nng ny trong Microsoft Access
2007, bn c th s dng cc bng v trng Templates.
Mt bng mu l mt bng trng khng cha d liu, bn c
th bt u lun hoc chnh sa cho ph hp vi yu cu ca
mnh. Microsoft Access 2007 cung cp nhng mu Table
Template di y:
Contacts: L bng s dng qun l thng tin lin lc trong
kinh doanh. Nh a ch Email, Website, cc File nh
km,
Tasks: L bng dng theo di cng vic, bao gm cc
trng s dng cho nhng phiu nh km.
Page 129

Issues: L bng s dng theo di nhng hot ng, bao
gm cc s dng cho nhng phiu nh km v mt trng
kiu Memo lu tr lch s sa i gi tr trn cc trng
trong bng.
Events: L bng dng qun l cc s kin bao gm mt
trng Rich Text Memo v mt trng cho nhng phiu
nh km.
Assets: L bng dng qun l ti sn ca doanh nghip,
bao gm 2 trng tin t c th theo di c gi tr khu
hao ca ti sn.
Sau khi bn to ra mt bng bng cch s dng bng
Template, c th bn s mun thm vo nhng trng mi
bng cch s dng cc trng Template. Mt trng
Template l trng c nh ngha sn, bn c th thm
vo bt c bng no ch hin th Datasheet View.
2.3.4. To bng mi s Template
Nhp chn nt Microsoft Office Button
Open.
, sau chn
Page 130
Hp thoi Open xut hin chn ti Database cn m ri nhp

Open.
Page 131
Trn Tab Create, trong nhm Tables chn nt Table

Templates, trong hp thoi xung chn mt bng mu cn
to
Page 132
Mt bng mi c thm vo Database da trn bng mu

m bn chn.
2.3.5. Thit lp kha chnh cho bng
Nu khng c mt l do tht c bit th khi thit k ra mt
bng d liu bn cn phi ch r mt kha chnh. Access t
ng to ra Index cho kha chnh, n c th ci thin c
tc truy cp cng nh thao tc vi d liu. Access cng
chc chn rng mi bn ghi th trng kha chnh lun cha
d liu v gi tr ny lun lun l duy nht. Nu khng c
trng ny s chng c cch no ng tin cy phn bit
mt hng c th no vi nhng hng khc trong bng.
Page 133

Khi bn to ra mt bng mi trong ch hin th Datasheet
View, Access s t ng to ra mt kha chnh v nh ngha
n vi tn l ID v kiu d liu l AutoNumber.
ch hin th Design View, bn c th thay i, loi b
kha chnh, hoc thit lp cho mt bng cha c kha chnh.
Xc nh trng t lm kha chnh
i khi, bn c th t xc nh c trng m mnh mun
s dng lm kha chnh. Chng hn, bn c th c nhng s
ID dnh cho mi nhn cng. Nu bn to ra mt bng
theo di thng tin v nhng ngi cng nhn, bn c th
quyt nh s dng ID lm kha chnh cho bng . Hoc l
s kt hp gia ID ca ngi cng nhn vi Id phng ban
to nn tnh duy nht. yu cu rng bn s dng c trng
ny to nn kha chnh. Mt hoc nhiu trng mun s
dng lm trng kha phi m bo mt vi nguyn tc sau
y:
- Mi bn ghi phi c mt hoc nhiu trng kt hp to
ra mt gi tr duy nht cho mi bn ghi.
- Mt trng hoc s kt hp gia nhiu trng phi khng
bao gi cha gi tr rng (lun lun c gi tr)
- Nhng gi tr khng thay i.
- Nu khng c d liu thch hp tn ti to ra kha chnh
bn c th to ra mt trng mi ch lm kha chnh. Khi
bn to ra mt trng mi s dng lm kha chnh bn hy
thit lp kiu d liu cho n l AutoNumber. Vi kiu d
liu ny trng s nhn d liu kiu s, nm trong dy s
nguyn lin tip, v hon ton khng trng lp. Hn na
trng ny s t ng tng khi thm mt bn ghi mi gip
bn khng cn phi quan tm vic to ra d liu duy nht cho
trng kha chnh.
Thit lp hoc thay i kha chnh
Page 134

Chn bng c kha chnh m bn mun thit lp hoc thay
i.
Trn Tab Home chn nhm Views, nhp chn View trong
hp thoi xung ny chn Design View.
Bng xut hin ch Design View, hy chn trng

(hoc nhng trng) m bn mun s dng lm kha chnh.
Page 135
la chn mt trng hy nhp chn vo ct Row selector

(ct u tin mu xanh bn tri mi dng) ca trng .
Nu mun chn nhiu trng bn hy gi phm Ctrl v ln
lt chn ti cc trng cn thit lp.
Trn Tab Table trong nhm Tools chn Primary Key.
Mt biu tng hnh cha kha s xut hin bn tri ca

nhng trng m bn va thit lp kha chnh
Page 136
Loi b kha chnh

Chn bng cn loi b kha chnh trong Navigation Pane.
Tn Tab Home tm ti nhm Views nhp chut chn nt
View, trong danh sch xung ny chn Design View.
Nhp chut chn ti trng hoc danh sch trng ang l

nhng trng kha chnh (cch lm tng t phn trc)
Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Tools chn Primary Key.
Page 137
Biu tng cha kha bn pha tri ca cc ct ny s c

loi b.
Ch : Khi bn lu tr mt bng mi m khng c thit
lp kha chnh, Access s nhc cn phi to mi mt trng
lm kha chnh. Nu bn chn Yes, Access to ra mt trng
c tn ID v gn cho n kiu d liu l AutoNumber cung
cp mt gi tr duy nht cho mi bn ghi. Trong trng hp
bng c sn mt trng kiu AutoNumber, Access s
chn lun trng ny lm kha chnh. Nu bn chn No trn
hp thng bo Access s khng thm trng v khng thit
lp kha chnh cho bng.
2.3.6. Thit lp thuc tnh cho bng
Ngoi vic thit lp thuc tnh cho cc trng bn cn c th
thit lp thuc tnh chung cho bng hoc tt c cc bn ghi.
Chn ti bng cn thit lp thuc tnh
Trn Tab Home, tm ti nhm Views, nhp chn Views
trong hp thoi xung bn chn Design View.
Page 138
Trn Tab Design, tm ti nhm Show/Hide, nhp chn

Property Sheet.
Property Sheet s xut hin nh hnh di y:
Page 139
Trn Pane Property Sheet nhp chn Tab General.

Chn ct bn tri tm ti thuc tnh ca bng v ct bn
phi thit lp gi tr.
2.3. Thm trng vo bng
Bn lu tr tng phn d liu m bn mun theo di trong
mt trng. V d, bng Contacts bn to ra danh sch
trng lu ln lt cc thng tin nh Last Name, First
Name, Telephone Number, and Address. Hay trong bng
Procedures l cc trng Product Name, Product ID, v
Price.
Trc khi to ra cc trng, d liu c phn chia thnh
nhng phn nh. l cch d nht c th x l d liu
c linh hot. V d, thay v to ra mt trng Full Name
lu tr y h tn ca mt ngi no , chng ta nn to
Page 140

ra hai trn ring bit l First Name v Last Name. Sau
th c th d dng tm kim, sp xp theo tng trng hoc
theo c hai trng.
2.4.1. Thm trng khi ang nhp d liu
Khi bn to mt bng mi hoc m mt bng tn ti ch
hin th Datasheet View, bn c th thm mt trng vo
bng bng cch nhp d liu vo ct Add New Field trn
Datasheet.
Bng d liu c to mi hoc c m ch Datasheet

View.
(1): Nhp d liu vo ct Add New Field.
Trn phn tiu ca ct Add New Field hy nhp vo tn
trng m bn mun to, tn ny s m t trng v gip
bn d dng nhn ra n hn.
Cui cng nhp d liu vo trng .
2.4.2. Thm trng s dng trng Template
Trong mt s trng hp tht d dng la chn mt trng
ph hp vi yu cu ca bn trong danh sch cc trng
c thit lp sn thay v vic bn phi t to ra n. Bn c
th s dng Field Templates task pane chn mt trong
nhng trng mu. Cc trng mu ny c thit lp sn
cc thuc tnh cn thit. V d nh tn trng, kiu d liu,
cc thuc tnh nh dng, v nhiu thuc tnh khc.
Page 141

Trn Tab Home, tm ti nhm Views, nhp chn View, trn
hp thoi xung bn chn Datasheet View.
Trn Tab Datasheet, tm ti nhm Fields & Columns, nhp

chn New Field.
Page 142
Mt thanh Pane c tn Field Templates xut hin bn phi

ca mn hnh.
Page 143
Chn mt hoc nhiu trng trong pane ny ri sau ko

th vo ni m bn mun thm mi trng trn bng.
2.4.3. Thm trng t trng ca bng khc
Page 144

Nu c s d liu ca bn c sn cc Table, bn c th
thm trng vo mt bng mi t danh sch cc trng ca
mt trong nhng bng ny, chng c lit k trong Pane
Field List. Pane Field List lit k tt c cc bng trong c s
d liu, chi tit trong cc bng ny l danh sch trng.
Nu bng m bn thm trng mi c mi quan h vi cc
bng khc, th cc trng quan h s c lit k u tin
trong Field List Pane
Page 145
Nhp chn nt Microsoft Office Button

Open.
, tip theo chn
Page 146
Trong hp thoi Open, chn ti Database bn cn lm vic.
Page 147
Trong Pane Navigation, nhp p chut vo bng cn thm

trng mi.
Bng c m ch Datasheet View.
Trn Tab Datasheet, trong nhm Fields & Columns nhp
chn Add Existing Fields
Pane Field List xut hin nh hnh di y:
Page 148
Nhp vo biu tng (+) trong danh sch ti bng cn ly

trng, mt danh sch trong bng s xut hin, bn chn
ti trng cn ly ri ko th n v tr cn thm trng trn
bng mi.
Ca s Lookup Wizard xut hin
Nhp Next nu nh khng chn thm trng no.
Page 149
Trong ca s tip theo ny bn chn trng cn sp xp ri

nhp Next.
Bn nhp Next chuyn sang bc tip theo

Page 150
Nhp li tn cho ct nu cn thit, cui cng nhp Finish

kt thc.
Nh vy mt trng mi s c thm vo bng
2.4.4. Thit lp thuc tnh cho trng
Page 151

Sau khi to mt trng mi, c th iu khin cc hnh
vi, s kin din ra i vi trng ny bn cn phi thit lp
thuc tnh cho n.
V d, vic thit lp thuc tnh cho trng s gip bn:
- iu khin c s hin th d liu trn trng .
- Gip ngn nga vic nhp d liu khng chnh xc.
- Gn gi tr mc nh cho trng.
- Gip tng tc tm kim sp xp d liu.
Bn c th thit lp mt s thuc tnh sn c ca trng
trong khi ang lm vic ch Datasheet View. Tuy nhin
c th thit lp y cc thuc tnh cho trng bn nn s
dng ch hin th Design View.
* ch Datasheet View
ch Datasheet View bn c th i tn, d liu, nh
dng, v mt s thuc tnh khc ca mt trng.
M bng ch Datasheet View
Trn Pane Navigation, nhp phi chut vo bng cn m,
trong menu popup chn Open.
Page 152
i tn trng
Khi bn thm mt trng bng cch nhp thng d liu vo
bng ch Datasheet View, Access s t ng nh ngha
mt ci tn chung chung cho trng, v d nh bt u vi
trng th nht l Field1, cc trng tip theo s l Field2,
Field3, Mc nh Access s dng tn ca trng nh mt
Label bt c ni no m trng c hin th, v d nh
tiu ct khi m bng ch Datasheet View. Vic i
tn trng s gip trng c thm nhng thng tin m t v
n, nh m gip cho ngi dng d dng hn trong qu
trnh s dng v chnh sa.
Nhp phi chut vo phn tiu ct ca ct cn i tn,
chn Rename trong popup menu.
Page 153
Nhp vo tn cn sa i, lu tn trng khng c qu

64 k t bao gm c cc khong trng.
Thay i kiu d liu ca trng
Khi bn to ra mt trng bng cch nhp d liu vo trng
ch hin th Datasheet View, Access s kim tra d liu
xc nh kiu d liu thch hp cho trng. Chng hn,
nu bn nhp vo gi tr 1/ 1/ 2006, Access s on rng
l d liu ngy thng v thit lp kiu d liu cho trng ny
l Date/Time. Nu nh vi mt trng m d liu bn nhp
vo cho n thuc nhiu kiu khc nhau, khi Access s
khng th xc nh c trng thuc kiu g v n t
ng gn cho trng l d liu kiu Text.
Page 154

Kiu d liu ca trng s quyt nh nhng thuc tnh m
n c th c. V d bn ch c th thit lp thuc tnh Append
Only cho trng kiu Hyperlink v trng kiu Memo.
C rt nhiu trng hp Access hiu lm kiu d liu m bn
mun thit lp v bn phi thay i li kiu d liu cho
trng . V d, bn c mt trng lu s phng trong
trong khch sn, bn nhp d liu cho trng l 10/2001, vi
chc nng t tm kim Access s kim tra v gn cho trng
ny kiu d liu ngy thng, nhng thc t bn ch mun lu
d liu trng ny kiu Text. sa li kiu d liu cho
trng ny bn lm nh sau:
- Trn Ribbon nhp chn Tab Datasheet.
- Trong danh sch Data Type ca nhm Data Type &
Forrmatting bn chn kiu d liu m bn mun.
Cc kiu d liu sn c trong Access.

Data type
Use to store
Size
Text
S dng cho vn
bn hoc s nhng
khng dng tnh
ton.
T a 255 k t
Memo
S dng lu tr k
t, vn bn, hoc
cc nh rng Rich
Ti a 01 GB
cho k t.
Page 155

Text.
Number
Lu tr gi tr s
nguyn.
1, 2, 4, hoc 8
bytes, hoc 16
bytes khi s dng
cho trng ID
Date/Time
D liu kiu ngy

thng
8 bytes.
Currency
Lu gi tr kiu tin
t
8 bytes.
AutoNumber
Gi tr nguyn c
t ng thm vo
khi Insert mt bn
ghi.
4 bytes, 16 bytes
Yes/No
Gi tr kiu Logic
1 bit (8 bits = 1
byte).
OLE Object
Lu tr i tng
nhng.
Ti
a
gigabyte.
Attachment
Lu tr Pictures,
Images,
Binary
files, Office files.
C th ln ti 2
gigabytes
Hyperlink
Lu tr cc kin
kt.
C th ln ti
2Gb
Page 156
Lookup
Wizard
S dng khi bn
mun to ra trng
Look up (tm kim).
hin th di dng
mt Combo cho
php chn d liu
t ngun c khai
bo
Tng ng gi tr
tm kim tr v
Ch : Dung lng ti a m Access dnh cho mt Database

l 2 Gigabyte.
Thay i nh dng ca trng
Ngoi vic thit lp kiu d liu cho mt trng mi bn cn
c th thit lp thuc tnh Format cho trng . V d, nu
bn nhp vo 10 gi 50 pht sng, Access s thit lp kiu
d liu l Data/Time v thuc tnh Format l Medium Time.
thay i thuc tnh Format ca trng ny bn lm nh
sau:
Trn Ribbon, nhp chn tab Datasheet.
Trong danh sch Format, trong nhm Data Type &
Formatting, chn kiu nh dng m bn mun thit lp.
Page 157

Ch : Trong danh sch Format ch c nhng gi tr sn c
v n thay i ty thuc vo kiu d liu ca trng .
ch Design View
Khc vi ch hin th Datasheet View, ch Design
View bn c th thit lp cho trng bt c thuc tnh no
m bn mun. ch ny, bn thit lp kiu d liu cho
trng trong bng li.
V thit lp thuc tnh khc cho trng trn Pane Field

Properties.
M bng ch Design View
thit lp kiu d liu cho trng ch Design View
bn lm nh sau:
Trn Pane Navigation, nhp phi chut vo bng cn m
chn Design View.
Page 158
Bng xut hin ch Design View, trong li thit k bn

chn ti trng cn thay i kiu d liu. Trong ct Data
Type, la chn la chn kiu d liu t danh sch xung.
Thit lp cc thuc tnh khc cho trng
Trong bng li thit k, chn trng m bn mun thit lp
thuc tnh. Access s hin th nhng thuc tnh ca trng
trong Pane Field Properties.
Page 159
Ch : Kiu d liu ca trng xc nh nn nhng thuc

tnh m trng c th c.
Trong Pane Field Properties, chn ti nhng thuc tnh cn
thit lp ct th nht v in li gi tr ct tip theo, bn
cng c th s dng phm F6 chuyn i qua li gia li
danh sch trng pha trn v Pane Field properties.
Khi lm vic vi nhng thng tin dng Text bn c th s
dng phm Shift + f2 bt hp thoi Zoom, vi hp thoi
ny bn s c nhiu khng gian hn son tho. V d
trong trng hp ny ti t tr chut vo dng u tin ca
ct Description ri nhp Shift + F2 hp thoi Zoom xut hin
nh hnh di y:
Page 160
Lu li bng
Sau khi to, chnh sa bng, bn nn lu li cc thit k
. Khi bn lu bng ln u tin, hy nhp vo tn cho
bng qua hp thoi thng bo ca Access. Tn bng c
ngha m t ni dung d liu m bng ang cha. Bn c
th nhp tn bng l cc k t hoc ch s v bao gm c
khong trng nhng khng c qu 64 k t.
lu li bng bn c th nhp trc tip t hp phm Ctrl +
S hoc t nt Microsoft Office Button
, bn chn Save.
Page 161
Page 162

Bi 3. Lm vic vi Query
Khi bn mun thm, sa i hoc xa d liu trong
Database, bn nn s dng cc query.
Vi vic s dng Query, bn c th tr li c rt nhiu cu
hi c th v d liu m bn hin c, trong khi vic s rt
kh khn nu bn truy cp thng vo cc bng. Bn c th s
dng cc Query lc d liu, thc hin nhng php tnh
vi d liu hoc tm tt d liu. Bn cng c th s dng cc
Query t ng qun l d liu v xem xt cc thay i
trong d liu trc khi cho php thc hin nhng thay i
.
Mt Query l mt yu cu n c s d liu v kt qu tr v
l d liu hoc hot ng (Action) din ra trn c s d liu
. Bn c th s dng mt Query (truy vn) tr li mt
cu hi n gin, thc hin php tnh, kt hp d liu t cc
bng khc nhau, hoc thm ch c th thm, thay i, hoc
xo cc bng d liu. Cc truy vn m bn s dng ly d
liu t mt bng hoc thc hin cc php tnh c gi l
truy vn la chn. Cc truy vn m thm, thay i, hoc xa
d liu c gi l truy vn hnh ng.
Trong phn ny chng ti s cung cp cho cc bn nhng
thng tin c bn v cc truy vn cng vi n l cc v d v
cc loi hnh khc nhau ca cc truy vn.
Bn cng c th s dng truy vn cung cp d liu cho
mt Form hoc mt Report. Mt c s d liu c thit k
tt th d liu m bn mun hin th ln Form hoc Report
thng nm mt s bng khc nhau. Bng cch s dng
truy vn, bn c th lin kt cc d liu m bn mun s
dng li vi nhau trc khi a ln Form hoc Report.
Ch : Cc v d trong bi ny s dng Database Northwind
c sn trong Template ca Microsoft Access 2007.
Page 163

thit lp Northwind 2007 bn lm theo cc bc sau:
Bc 1: Khi ng Microsoft Access 2007
chn New.
, sau
Bc 3: Trong Pane bn tri, di mc Template Categories

chn Local Templates
Page 164
Bc 4: Trong phn Local Template chn Northwind 2007

sau nhp Create.
Bc 5: Tip theo trang Northwind Traders xut hin bn
nhp nt Close ng ca s ny li.
3.1. Tm kim mt nhm d liu trong bng
i khi bn mun xem xt tt c d liu t mt bng, nhng
nhng ln khc, bn li ch mun xem d liu mt s
trng, hoc bn li mun xem mt mt s trng nhng
phi p ng mt vi tiu ch no , Vi nhng yu cu
nh vy bn c th s dng cc truy vn.
Gi s bn mun xem xt mt danh sch cc sn phm v gi
c ca chng. Bn c th to mt truy vn m tr v thng tin
sn phm v gi c bng cch s dng th tc sau y:
Bc 1: M Northwind 2007.
Page 165

Bc 2: Trn Tab Create tm ti nhm Other nhp chn
Query Design.
Bc 3: Trn hp thoi Show Table tm ti Tab Tables chn

Products ri nhp Add.
Bc 4: Nhp Close ng hp thoi Show Table.

Bc 5: Trn mn hnh thit k Query tm ti bng Products,
nhp p chut ln hai trng l Product Name v List Price
thm trng vo li thit k Query.
Page 166
Sau khi nhp chn hai trng trong bng Products kt qu s

c nh hnh di y:
Page 167

Bc 6: Trn Tab Design trong nhm Results nhp chn Run
chy th Query.
Kt qu s c nh hnh di y:
Page 168
3.2. Xem d liu ng thi t nhiu bng

Nhng bng biu c thit k tt thng mang theo cc mi
quan h vi cc bng khc. Nhng mi quan h ny tn ti
trn c s cc bng c chung trng quan h. Khi bn mun
xem d liu t nhiu bng lin quan bn c th s dng truy
vn la chn.
Page 169

Gi m bn mun xem xt li n t hng ca mt khch
hng sng ti thnh ph no . D liu v n t hng v
cc d liu v khch hng c lu tr trong hai bng trn
cng mt c s d liu. Mi bng c mt Customer_Id, v
hai bng ny quan h vi nhau dng mt nhiu. Bn c th
to mt truy vn m kt qu tr v l n hng ca mt
khch mt thnh ph c th no , v d nh Las Vegas,
bng cch thc hin cc bc di y:
Bc 1: M Northwind 2007.
Bc 2: Trn Tab Create, trn nhm Other, nhp chn Query
Design.
Bc 3: Trong hp thoi Show Table, trn Tab Tables nhp

p chut vo bng Customers v Orders.
Page 170
Bc 4: Nhp nt Close ng hp thoi Show Table. Kt

qu s c nh hnh di y:
Page 171
Ch : Gia hai bng c mt ng Line kt ni gia trng

Id ca bng khch hng Customer Id ca bng Orders. y l
ng Line hin th mi qua h gia hai bng.
Bc 5: Trong bng Customers, nhp p chut vo trng
Company v City thm nhng trng vo phn li
thit k Query.
Bc 6: Trn li thit k Query, trn ct cha trng City,
b tch chn trn hng Show ca ct ny.
Bc 7: Trn dng Criteria ca ct City, bn g vo gi tr l

Las Vegas.
Page 172

Xa tch chn dng Show kt qu tr v ca Query
khng hin th thng tin ny, v g iu kin Las Vegas
trn dng Criteria kt qu tr v ca Query ch ly nhng
khch hng thnh ph Las Vegas.
Bc 8: Trn bng Orders nhp p vo trng Order Id v
trng Order Date b xung thm 2 trng ny ln li
thit k Query. Kt qu trn li s c hin th nh hnh
di y:
Bc 9: Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Results nhp Run

chy bo co.
Kt qu Query tr v nh hnh di y:
Page 173
Bc 10: Nhp t hp phm Ctrl + S lu li Query, mt

hp thoi thng bo xut hin bn nhp vo tn cho Query l
Orders by city ri nhp Ok.
3.3. S dng Parameters vi Query

i khi bn mun chy mt truy vn m ch hi khc vi
mt yu cu tm kim hin ti. Bn c th thay i truy vn
nguyn thy s dng iu kin mi ca bn, nhng nu
bn thng xuyn mun chy cc bin th ca mt truy vn
c th, hy cn nhc vic s dng mt tham s truy vn. Khi
bn chy mt tham s truy vn, truy vn s nhc bn in gi
tr vo cho trng, n s s dng gi tr m bn va cung cp
to ra cc iu kin (Criteria) cho truy vn ca bn.
Page 174

Trong v d trc, bn to ra mt truy vn m kt qu tr
v l nhng n hng ca nhng khc hng thnh ph Las
vegas. Bn c th chnh sa truy vn thng bo cho ngi
dng nhp vo thnh ph cn tm, trong khi chy truy vn.
Di y l cc bc to mt truy vn nh vy.
Bc 1: M Database Northwind 2007
Bc 2: Nhp chn Shutter Bar hin th Pane Navigation
Bc 3: Trong Pane Navigation, nhp phi chut vo Query
c tn Orders by city m bn to phn trc, menu xut
hin chn Design View.
Page 175

Bc 4: Trong li thit k Query, dng Criteria ca ct
City xa b gi tr Las Vegas nhp vo ni dung [For what
city?], chui [For what city?] l ni thng bo cho
Parameters ca bn. Du ngoc vung cho thy rng bn
mun truy vn hin th thng bo v Parameter cn nhp vo,
v ni dung vn bn (trong trng hp ny: For what city?)
L mt cu hi hin th trn thng bo.
Bc 5: Nhp chn du tch trn dng Show ca ct City
hin th ct ny trn kt qu ca Query.
Bc 6: Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Results, nhp Run

chy th Query.
Page 176

Access s hin th hp thoi yu cu nhp vo thnh ph m
bn mun xem.
Bc 7: Gi s y bn nhp New York ri nhp Enter

chng ta s c kt qu nh hnh di y.
Bc 8: Nu nh bn khng mun nhp vo gi tr chnh

xc, tham s c th mm do hn, bn c th s dng k
t i din trong chui iu kin (Criteria). lm c
iu ny bn thc hin tip cc bc di y.
Bc 9: T Tab Home tm ti nhm Views chn nt View
trn nt lnh xung bn chn Design.
Page 177
Bc 10: Trn li thit k Query ti dng Criteria ca ct

City bn nhp vo ni dung di y:
Like [For what city?]&"*"
Page 178
Trong ni dung thng bo ny, t kha Like, ton t & v

du (*) cho php cho php ngi s dng g vo mt gi tr
m c s kt hp gia cc k t vi nhau tr v nhiu hn
cc kt qu. V d, nu ngi dng g vo k t (*), truy vn
s tr v tt c cc thnh ph, nu ngi s dng cc loi L,
truy vn s tm kim v tr li tt c cc thnh ph m bt
u bng ch "L" v nu ngi dng g * s *, truy vn tr v
tt c cc thnh ph m tn cha ch "s".
Bc 11: Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Result nhp chn
Run.
Di y l kt qu khi bn g vo Parameter l *.
Page 179
3.4. Thc hin tnh ton trn c s d liu

Thng thng bn khng s dng bng lu tr cc trng
tnh ton bi v nhng gi tr c th c da trn rt
nhiu thng tin cc bng khc nhau trong cng mt c s
d liu. V d, bng Order Details trong Database Northwind
2007 khng lu gi gi tr tng con sn phm, bi n c
tnh ton t cc trng Quantity, Unit Price v Discount
cng trong bng ny.
Trong mt s trng hp, cc tr tnh ton s tr nn khng
ph hp, li thi (out-of-date), bi v cc gi tr to nn n
thay i. V d, bn khng mun lu li tui ca ai
trong mt bng, bi v mi nm bn s cn phi cp nht
li nhng gi tr , thay vo , bn c th lu tr ngy
thng nm sinh ca ngi ny, sau khi cn s dng bn
ch cn vit mt truy vn tnh ra tui ca ngi da trn
d liu ngy thng nm sinh v ngy hin ti.
Page 180

Bn s dng th tc sau y tnh tng con sn phm da
trn d liu t bng Order Details.
Bc 1: M c s d liu Northwind 2007
Bc 2: Trn Tab Create, tm ti nhm Other chn Query
Design.
Bc 3: Trong hp thoi Show Table, trong tab Tables, nhp

p chut chn Order Details.
Bc 4: Nhp Close ng ca s ny
Page 181

Bc 5: Trn bng Order Details, nhp p chut vo trng
Product ID thm trng vo ct u tin trn li thit k
Query.
Bc 6: ct th 2 trn li thit k Query, nhp phi chut

vo hng Field ri chn Zoom.
Hp thoi Zoom xut hin.
Page 182
Bc 7: Trong hp thoi Zoom, g vo ni dung di

y.
Subtotal:
([Quantity]*[Unit
Price]*[Discount])
Price])-([Quantity]*[Unit
Nhp Ok chp nhn gi tr.

Bc 8: Trn Tab Design chn ti nhm Results, ri nhp
Run.
Page 183
Kt qu s c nh hnh di y
Bc 9: Cui cng nhp Ctrl + S lu li Query, trong hp

thoi nhc nhp tn bn nhp vo tn cho Query l: Product
Subtotals.
Page 184

3.5. Tng hp hoc tnh tng d liu
Khi bn s dng bng ghi li cc giao dch hoc lu tr
d liu pht sinh, ti mt thi im no bn hon ton c
th tng hp, thng k chng v nh tnh tng hay trung
bnh,
Microsoft Office Access 2007 cung cp mt tnh nng mi,
mt dng tng cng, cho php bn tng hp d liu mt cch
n gin trong bt k Datasheet no nh Form, Query,
Report, Hy th chc nng ny bng cch thm mt dng
tng cng vo Query Product Subtotals m bn va to
phn trc.
Bc 1: Chy Query Product Subtotals ch hin th
Datasheet View.
Bc 2: Trn Tab Home, trong nhm Records nhp chn

Totals.
Page 185
Mt dng mi xut hin pha di y ca Datasheet vi

dng ch Total ct u tin.
Bc 3: Nhp chn vo Cell u tin dng cui cng ca

Datasheet (dng Total).
Page 186
V y l d liu kiu Text v vy ch c hai la chn cho

bn tng hp d liu l None v Count, y bn chn
Count.
Bc 4: Tip tc nhp chn ct th 2.
Page 187
V y l trng s nn bn c rt nhiu la chn tng

hp d liu, trong trng hp ny bn chn Sum tnh tng
ct Subtotal.
Bc 5: Kt qu cui cng Query s hin th nh hnh di
y.
Page 188
To ra mt Query tnh tng phc tp hn

Dng tng cng m cc bn va thc hin trn Datasheet c
th mnh ring ca n truy nhin i vi nhng cu hi phc
tp hn bn nn s dng Query tng cng. Query tng cng
bn cht l mt Query la chn m cho php bn c th
nhm hoc tng hp d liu. V d, gi s bn mun xem
tng s doanh thu trn mi sn phm. Trong Query tng
cng bn c th s dng hm Sum l mt trong nhng hm
thng k ( SUM, COUNT, AVG, ) xem tng s doanh
thu trn mi sn phm.
S dng cc th tc sau y sa query Product Subtotals
n c tng hp theo tng sn phm.
Bc 1: Chn ti Query Product Subtotals v m n ch
Design View.
Page 189
Bc 2: T Tab Design chn ti nhm Show/Hide nhp

chn Totals.
Mt dng Totals s xuy hin trn li thit k Query.
Page 190
Ch : Mc du cng tn nhng dng Totals trn li thit

k v dng Total trn Datasheet khng ging nhau.
Bc 3: ct th 2 trn li thit k Query, trn dng Total
bn chn gi tr Sum trong hp Combo xung.
Bc 4: Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Result chn Run

chy th Query, kt qu s c nh hnh di y:
Page 191
Bc 5: Cui cng nhp Ctrl + S lu li Query

3.6. To mt bng t nhiu bng khc.
Bn c th s dng make-table query to mt bng mi t
d liu c lu tr nhiu bng khc.
V d, gi s bn mun gi d liu v n hng cho cc i
tc Chicago v bn s dng Access lp bo co. Thay v
gi cho h tt c cc d liu v n t hng, bn mun gii
hn nhng d liu c gi i ch l nhng n t hng
Chicago.
Bn c th xy dng mt Query la chn ch cha nhng
n hng Chicago, v sau s dng Query ny to
mt bng d liu mi. Di y l cc bc thc hin nhng
cng vic .
Page 192

Bc 1: M c s d liu Northwind 2007
Bc 2: chy mt make-table query, bn cn phi kch
hot tnh nng enable the database content nu trc bn
m n ch Untrusted. Bn nhp chn Options trn thanh
Message Bar, xut hin pha di Ribbon.
Hp thoi Microsoft Office Security Options xut hin bn

nhp chn mc Enable this content ri nhp Ok. Ca s
Login Dialog xut hin, bn hy ng ca s ny li.
Bc 3: Trn Tab Create tm ti nhm Other nhp chn

Query Design.
Page 193
Bc 4: Trong hp thoi Show Table nhp p vo mc

Order Details v Orders.
Bc 5: nhp Close ng hp thoi Show Table.

Bc 6: Trn bng Orders bn nhp p vo ln lt cc
trng Customer ID v Ship City b xung nhng trng
ny ln li thit k Query.
Page 194
Bc 7: Trn bng Order Details lm tng t nh bc 6

vi cc trng Order ID, Product ID, Quantity, Unit Price v
Discount.
Page 195

Bc 8: ct Ship City trn li thit k Query, xa b nt
Check dng Show. Trn dng Criteria bn g vo gi tr
Chicago. Chy th Query bit kt qu truy vn trc khi
chng ta to bng
Bc 9: Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Results nhp chn

Run, kt qu Query tr v nh hnh di y:
Bc 10: By gi hy lu Query li vi tn Chicago Orders

Query.
Page 196
Bc 11: Trn Tab Home tm ti nhm Views nhp chn

View trong hp Combo xung bn chn Design View.
Bc 12: Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Query Type bn

chn Make Table.
Page 197
Hp thoi Make Table xut hin nh hnh di y:
Bc 13: Trong hp thoi ny bn tm ti Table Name g

vo t tn cho bng l Chicago Orders v nhp Ok.
Page 198
Bc 14: Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Results chn Run.

Bc 15: Mt hp thoi xc nhn xut hin bn chn Yes.
Mt bng mi s c to trong Pane Navigation.
Page 199
3.7. Thm d liu vo bng t nhiu bng khc.

Bn c th s dng mt Append Query ly d liu t mt
hoc nhiu bng vo mt bng khc.
Gi s bn to ra mt bng v chia s n vi nhng khch
hng Chicago cng trong hip hi, nhng bn nhn ra rng
hip hi cng lm vic vi nhng khch hng khu vc
Milwaukee. Bn mun thm nhng dng d liu cha nhng
giao dch vi khu vc ny trc khi chia s cho hip hi.
Bn c th thm d liu v khu vc Milwaukee vo bng
Chicago Orders m bn to ra phn trc theo cc bc
bc thc hin di y:
Page 200

Bc 1: M Query c tn Chicago orders Query ch
Design.
Bc 2: Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Query Type nhp
chn Append, hp thoi Append xut hin.
Trong Combo Table Name bn chn Chicago Orders sau

nhp Ok.
Khi hp thoi Append ng li trn li Design xut hin
thm dng Append v dng Show bin mt.
Bc 3: Trn li thit k dng Criteria ca ct Ship City,

bn xa gi tr Chicago v thay vo bng 'Milwaukee.
Page 201
Bc 4: Trn dng Append To chn trng thch hp cho

tng ct. Trong v d ny cc trng u c tn ging nh
cc ct ch tr trng iu kin Ship City.
Bc 5: Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Result chn Run
chy th Query.
3.8. Thay i d liu t ng
Bn c th s dng mt Query Update thay i d liu
trong cc bng ca mnh, v bn c th s dng cc yu cu
tm kim vi Query ny chn ra nhng dng c bit cn
c thay i. Query Update cung cp cho bn mt c hi
xem xt cc d liu cn thit trc khi thc hin vic cp
nht.
Ch : Mt hnh ng ca Query khi thc hin s khng th
hon tc v vy bn cn phi xem xt Back up d liu ca
bt c bng no m bn s cp nht li bng cch s dng
Query Update.
Trong v d trc, Bn thm cc dng mi vo bng
Chicago Orders. Trong bng ny, trng Product ID hin th
s Id ca sn phm. lm cho d liu d s dng hn trn
bo co, bn c th s mun thay th cc ID sn phm bng
tn ca chng. c th thay th cc Id sn phm, u tin
bn phi i kiu d liu ca trng ny t kiu s sang kiu
Text, trng Product Id c th chp nhn c d liu ca
trng Product Name.
Di y l cc bc thc hin:
Page 202

Bc 1: M bng Chicago Orsers ch hin th Design.
Bc 2: Trn hng Product ID i kiu d liu t Number
thnh kiu Text.
Bc 3: Lu v ng bng Chocago Orders li
Bc 4: Trn Tab Create tm ti nhm Other, chn Query
Design.
Bc 5: Trong hp thoi Show Table, nhp p chut vo 2
bng Chicago Orders v Products.
Bc 7: Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Query Type, nhp
chn Update. Trn li thit k, 2 dng Sort v Show bin
mt v thay vo l dng Update To.
Bc 8: Trong bng Chicago Orders, nhp p chut vo
trng Product Id b xung trng ny ln li thit k
Query.
Bc 9: Trn li thit k, ti dng Update To ca ct
Product ID bn nhp vo ni dung di y:
[Products].[Product Name]
Bc 10: Trn dng Criteria bn nhp vo ni dung di
y:
[Product ID] Like ([Products].[ID])
T kha Like c s dng trong trng hp ny l rt cn
thit bi v nhng trng m bn so snh ni dung khc nhau
v kiu d liu (trng Product ID l kiu Text bn va i,
v trng ID l kiu Number).
Bc 11: Bn c th xem xt cc gi tr s b thay i khi
thc hin Query Update bng cch hin th Query ch
Datasheet.
Page 203

Trn Tab Design, tm ti nhm Results nhp chn View,
trong danh sch xung bn chn Datasheet View.
Kt qu tr v t Query l mt danh sch cc Product Id m
bn s Update.
Bc 12: Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Results nhp chn
Run.
Khi bn m bng Chicago Orders, bn s nhn thy cc gi
tr s trong trng Product ID c thay th bi tn cc sn
phm trong bng Products.
3.9. Xa d liu t dng
Bn c th s dng mt Query Delete xa d liu trong
cc bng, v bn cng c th s dng mt Query Delete vi
cc iu kin tm kim c th xa nhng bn ghi c bit.
Mt Query Delete cung cp cho bn c hi xem xt cc
bn ghi s c xo b trc khi bn thc hin vic xa d
liu.
Gi s bn ang chun b d liu trong bng Chicago Orders
gi ti hip hi khc hng Chicago, v bn nhn thy
rng mt s hng cha cc gi tr rng. Bn mun loi b cc
hng ny trc khi gi bng d liu i. Rt n gin, bn c
th m bng v tm ti nhng hng xa mt cch th
cng, nhng bn s gp vn ln khi s lng hng cn
xa nhiu ln v nm gii gic cc v tr khc nhau. Khi
bn s thy c tc dng ca Query Delete.
Di y l cc bc to mt Query xa cc dng trong
bng Chicago Orders vi iu kin trng Order ID khng
c gi tr, v di y l cc bc thc hin.
Bc 1: Trn Tab Create tm ti nhm Other chn Query
Design.
Page 204

Bc 2: Trong hp thoi Show Table, nhp p chut chn
Chicago Orders.
Bc 4: Trn Tab Design, tm ti nhm Query Type, nhp
chn Delete.
Trn li thit k, hng Sort v Show bin mt thay vo
l hng Delete.
Bc 5: Trn bng Chicago Orders nhp p chut vo
trng Order Id thm n vo li thit k.
Bc 6: Trn li thit k, dng Criteria ca ct Order ID
nhp vo gi tr Is Null.
Bc 7: Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm Result nhp chn
Run chy th Query.
Page 205

Bi 4. Lm vic vi Form
4.1. To Form
To Form n gin bng Form
Bn c th s dng cng c biu mu (Form) to ra mt
biu mu ch vi mt ln nhp chut. Khi bn s dng cng
c ny, tt c cc trng t cc ngun d liu s c t ln
biu mu. Bn c th bt u s dng biu mu ngay lp tc
hoc bn cng c th chnh sa n ch Layout View
hoc Design View n ph hp hn vi nhu cu s dng
ca mnh.
Cc bc to Form bng cch s dng cng c Form.
Bc 1: Trn Pane Navigation, nhp chn Table hoc Query
cha d liu m bn mun hin th ln Form.
Page 206
Bc 2: T Tab Create tm ti nhm Forms, nhp chn

Form.
Page 207

Access s to ra mt Form v hin th n ch Layout
View. Trong Layout View, bn c th thc hin cc thay i
v mt hnh thc ngay c khi Form ang hin th d liu. V
d, bn c th iu chnh kch thc ca cc TextBox
chng ph hp vi nhng d liu ang hin th.
Nu Access tm thy mt bng m c mi quan h mt nhiu

vi mt bng hoc mt Query khc cng s dng to nn
Form, Access s thm mt Datasheet na vo Form da trn
mi quan h ca bng vi mt bng hoc mt Query khc.
V d, nu bn to mt biu mu n gin da trn cc bng
Employees, v c mt mi quan h mt nhiu c xc nh
gia bng Employees v bng Orders, mt Datasheet hin th
tt c cc bn ghi ca bng Orders m lin quan n bn ghi
hin thi ca bng Employee. Bn c th xa cc Datasheet
Page 208

trn Form nu bn quyt nh khng cn n n. Trong
trng hp c nhiu hn mt bng c mi quan h mt nhiu
vi bng m bn s dng to From, Access cng s khng
thm cc Datasheet khc vo biu mu.
To Split Form bng cng c Split Form.
Split Form l mt chc nng mi trong Microsoft Office
Access 2007 n cung cp cho bn hai ch hin th d liu
cng mt lc Form View v Datasheet View.
Hai ch hin th c kt ni ti cng mt ngun d liu
v ng b vi nhau ti mi thi im. Chn mt trng
trong phn ny cng chnh l chn trng trong phn cn
li ca biu mu. Bn c th thm, chnh sa, hoc xa d
liu t mt trong hai phn hin th.
Lm vic vi cc Split Form s cung cp cho bn nhng li
ch ca c hai kiu hin th d liu nhng li c b tr trn
mt biu mu duy nht. V d, bn c th s dng phn
Datasheet ca biu mu tm kim cc bn ghi v s dng
phn cn li hin th chi tit v chnh sa d liu.
Cc bc to mt Split Form bng cch s dng cng c
Split Form.
Bc 1: Trn Pane Navigation, nhp chn Table hoc Query
cha d liu m bn mun to Form, tip theo bn m bng
hoc Query ch Datasheet View.
Bc 2: Trn Tab Create tm ti nhm Form chn Split
Form.
Access s to ra mt Form mi v hin th trn Layout View.
Trong Layout View, bn c th thay i cc thit k cho
Form ngay khi n ang hin th d liu.
Page 209
To Form s dng cng c Multiple Items.

Khi bn to mt Form bng cch s dng cng c Simple
Form, ti mt thi im Form ny ch hin th c duy nht
mt bn ghi. Nu bn mun c mt Form c th hin th
nhiu bn ghi v c th ty chnh tin dng hn trn
Datasheet mt lc bn c th s dng cng c Multiple
Items.
Di y l cc bc thc hin
Bc 1: Trn Pane Navigation nhp chn Table hoc Query
cha d liu m bn mun hin th ln Form.
Page 210

Bc 2: Trn Tab Create tm ti nhm Forms nhp chn
Multiple Items
.
Access s to ra mt Form v hin th n ch Layout
View. ch ny bn c th thay i cc thit k cho
Form ngay khi n ang hin th d liu. V d nh bn c th
thay i rng cc TextBox cha d liu,
Khi bn s dng cng c Multiple Items, Form c to ra

s tng t nh khi chng ta hin th bng ch
Datasheet. D liu trn Form c sp xp theo cc hng v
ct v ti mt thi im cho php bn thy nhiu hn mt
bn ghi. Tuy nhin, mt Form Multiple Items Form cho php
bn c th ty chnh nhiu hn khi hin th d liu trong
bng ch Datasheet, chng hn nh kh nng thm cc
Page 211

yu t ha vo Form, cc nt Button hay nhiu cc iu
khin khc.
To Form s dng Forn Wizard.
c thm la chn v nhng trng g xut hin trn
Form, bn c th s dng cng c Form Wizard thay v cc
cng c m chng ta c tm hiu cc phn trc. Bn
cng c th xc nh xem d liu nh th no th c nhm,
c sp xp, v bn cng th s dng cc trng t nhiu
hn mt bng hoc mt Query.
Cc bc to Form vi cng c Form Wizard.
Bc 1: Trn Tab Create, tm ti nhm Forms, nhp chn
More Form ri chn Form Wizards.
Bc 2: Theo cc bc hng dn trn cc hp thoi Form

Wizards.
Chn trng cn hin th ln Form.
Page 212
Chn Layout cho Form
Page 213

Chn kiu Style cho Form.
Bc 3: Cui cng nhp Fininh hon tt.
Page 214
Kt qu chng ta s c Form nh hnh di y.
Page 215
To Form s dng cng c Blank Form

Nu Winzard hoc mt cng c to Form no trc y m
cha p ng c yu cu ca bn, bn c th s dng chc
nng Blank Form. Cng c ny l cch nhanh nht xy
dng mt Form, c bit nu bn d nh ch hin th mt vi
trng ln Form.
Cc bc to Form vi cng c Blank Form
Bc 1: Trn Tab Create tm ti nhm Forms nhp chn
Balnk Form
.
Access s m mt Form trng ch Design View, v hin
th Pane Field List.
Page 216
Bc 2: Trn Pane Field List, nhp chn vo nt c hnh (+)

xem chi tit cc trng trong bng hoc Query m bn
mun hin th ln Form.
Page 217

Bc 3: thm mt trng ln Form bn nhp chn trng
ri ko th ln Form. thm nhiu trng cng mt lc bn
gia phm Ctrl sau tch chn nhng trng cn thm ri
ko th cung mt lc ln From.
Bc 4: S dng cc cng c trong nhm Controls trn Tab
Formatting thm Logo, tiu , s trang, hoc ngy thng,
.
Bc 5: Nu bn mun thm cc Control phc tp hn ln

Form bn phi chuyn sang ch Design View, mun
chuyn v ch ny bn nhp phi chut vo Form ri
chn Design View
, sau s dng cc cng c trong
nhm Controls trn Tab Design thm chng ln Form.
4.2. Tm hiu v cc Controls.

Controls l cc i tng dng hin th d liu, thc hin
cc s kin, v cho php bn xem v lm vic vi cc thng
tin trn giao din ngi dng, v d nh cc hnh nh hay
cc nhn thng bo. Control c s dng nhiu nht l
TextBox cc iu khin khc c th k n nh Lable, Check
Box, .
Controls c th l Control rng buc, khng rng buc hoc
Control tnh ton.
Page 218

- iu khin rng buc: Mt iu khin c cc ngun d liu
l mt trng trong mt bng hoc Query c gi l
Control rng buc. Bn s dng cc Control (iu khin)
rng buc hin th cc gi tr ca trng trong c s d
liu. Nhng gi tr c th dng vn bn, dng s, ngy
thng, hnh nh, kiu logic, V d, mt TextBox trn
Form hin th tn ca mt nhn vin, iu khin ny ly d
liu t trng Last Name ca bng Employees.
- iu khin khng rng buc: Mt Control m khng c
gn vi mt ngun d liu (chng hn nh mt trng hay
biu thc) c gi l mt Control khng kim sot. Bn s
dng cc iu khin ny hin th thng tin, cc ng
Line, hnh ch nht, hay cc hnh nh. V d, mt Lable hin
th tiu ca mt Form c gi l mt Control khng
kim sot.
- iu khin tnh ton: Mt iu khin c ngun d liu l
mt biu thc ch khng phi l mt trng, c gi l
iu kin tnh ton. Bn ch r gi tr m bn mun s dng
nh l ngun ca d liu trn iu khin bng cch nh
ngha mt biu thc. V d sau y tnh gi ca mt danh
mc sau khi tr i 25% gim gi, gi tr cong li ch l
0.75.
=[Unit Price] * 0.75
Mt biu thc c th s dng d liu t mt trng trong
bng hoc Query, hoc d liu t cc iu khin khc trn
Form .
Khi bn to ra mt Form, c l n hiu qu nht thm v
sp xp tt c cc iu khin rng buc u tin, c bit l
nu chng chim phn ln cc iu khin v form. Sau
bn c th thm vo iu khin khng rng buc v iu
khin tnh ton rng vic thit k hon ton bng cch s
Page 219

dng cc cng c trong cc nhm Controls trn tab Design
trong Design view.
Bn to rng buc iu khin mt trng xc nh cc
trng t kim sot c cc d liu. Bn c th to mt
iu khin rng buc vi trng c la chn bng cch
ko cc ko t Field List vo forrm. Field List hin th
nhng trng ca cc bng hoc truy vn. hin th Field
List, nhn ALT + F8, hoc trn tab Design, trong nhm
Tools, nhp chn Add Existing Field. Khi bn nhp p
chut vo mt trng trong pane Field List, Access s thm
mt iu khin tng ng vi trng trn Form.
Ngoi ra, bn c th rng buc mt trng vo mt iu
khin bng cch g trc tip tn trng vo iu khin ,
hoc thit lp gi tr cho thuc tnh Control Source ca iu
khin l tn trng ca trng d liu. Cc thuc tnh xc
nh cc c tnh ca Control nh l tn, ngun d liu, hoc
l nh dng, m hp thoi Property sheet hy nhn phm
F4.
S dng Pane Field List l cch tt nht to mt Control
rng buc v hai l do sau y:
- Access s t ng nh km mt iu khin Lable c gn
sn tn ca trng , v vy bn khng phi g cc nhn
cho nhng Control ca mnh.
- Access s t ng thit lp rt nhiu thuc tnh ph hp vi
gi tr ca trng m bn ang lm vic (v d nh Format,
Decimal Places, Input mask)
Nu bn to ra mt iu khin khng rng buc v bn li
mun rng buc n vo mt trng no , bn hy thit lp
thuc tnh Control Source cho iu kin ny gi tr l tn
trng cn rng buc gi tr.
4.3. Tm hiu v Control Layout.
Page 220

iu khin Layouts cho php bn cn chnh cc iu kin
trn Form theo c chiu ngang v chiu dc. chng xut
hin trn Form theo mt nh dng thng nht. Bn c th
xem Control Layout nh mt bng, cha cc m ni
dung trong mi l cc Control. Sau y l cch thm,
loi b, hoc sp xp cc iu kin trn Control Layout.
iu khin Layout c 2 dng mt l dng bng v dng th 2
l dng ngn xp (Stacked).
- Trn iu khin Layout dng bng, cc iu khin trong n
c sp xp thnh cc hng v ct ging nh mt bng
biu, vi cc Lable c t trn u. iu khin Layout
dng bng lun chia Form thnh 2 vng, mt cha cc iu
khin hin th pha di, v mt l vng pha trn cha cc
Lable.
Trn iu khin Layout kiu ngn xp, cc iu khin trn

c b tr theo chiu dc ging nh trn mt trang giy, vi
mi Lable bn tri ca tng iu khin. Khc vi iu kin
Layout kiu bng, iu khin Layout kiu ngn xp lun
cha cc Control mt khu vc duy nht trn Form.
Page 221
Bn c th thit k nhiu Control Layout mt trong hai

kiu ni trn, trn cng mt Form. V d, bn c th c mt
Control Layout dng bng to dng d liu cho tng bn
ghi, v mt hoc nhiu Control Layout dng ngn xp pha
di cha nhiu hn cc thng tin ca cng bn ghi .
To mi mt Control Layout
Access t ng to ra Control Layout dng ngn xp trong
cc trng hp sau y:
- To mt Form mi bng cch nhp chut co nt Form
trong nhm Forms trn Tab Create.
- Bn to mt Form mi bng cch nhp vo nt Blank Form

trong nhm Forms trn Tab Create sau ko th cc trng
cn hin th ln Form trong Pane Field List.
Page 222

Trn mt Form tn ti bn c th to mi Control Layout
theo cc bc di y:
Bc 1: Chn iu khin m bn mun b xung vo Layout.
Bc 2: Nu bn mun thm nhiu Control khc nhau ln
cng mt Layout, bn gi phm Shift sau tch chn nhng
Control cn thm.
Bc 3: Sau c th lm theo mt trong nhng cch sau
y:
- Trn Tab Arrange, tm ti nhm Control Layout nhp chn
Tabular
hoc Stacked
.
- Nhp phi chut chn mt hoc nhiu Control, ch ti
Layout sau chn Tabular
hoc Stacked
.
Bng mt trong 2 cch trn Access s to Control Layout v
thm cc iu khin c chn ln .
Chuyn mt Control Layout t dng bng sang dng
ngn xp v ngc li.
chuyn kiu ca mt Control Layout t dng ny sang
dng khc bn lm nh sau:
- Chn Control Layout bng cch nhp chn vo Select
gc tri ca Layout. Ton b cc Cell trong Layout s c
chn.
- Sau bn lm theo mt trong cc cch sau:
+ Trn Tab Arange tm ti nhm Control Layout nhp chn
kiu Layout mun to (Tabular
hoc Stacked
).
+ Nhp phi chut chn mt hoc nhiu Control, ch ti
hoc Stacked
.
Page 223

Access s t ng sp xp li c Control tron Layout theo
dng m bn chn.
Chia mt Control thnh hai dng.
Bn c th chia mt Control Layout thnh dng khc nhau
theo cc bc di y:
Bc 1: Gia phm Shift sau nhp chn cc Control m
bn mun di chuyn thnh mt dng Control Layout mi.
Bc 2: Sau lm theo mt trong hai cch sau y:
- Trn Tab Arange tm ti nhm Control Layout nhp chn
kiu Layout mun to (Tabular
hoc Stacked
).
- Nhp phi chut chn mt hoc nhiu Control, ch ti
hoc Stacked
.
Bng mt trong hai cch trn Access s to ra mt Control
Layout mi v thm ln nhng iu khin m bn va
chn.
Sp xp li cc Control trn mt Control Layout
Bn c th di chuyn mt Control trn Control Layout bng
cch ko th n ti v tr m bn mun. Cng nh l vic di
chuyn v tr cc trng trong bng, Thanh cun ngang dc
s cho bit ni bn c th th nt chut.
Bn cng c th di chuyn mt Control t mt Control
layout ny sang mt Control Layout khc m chng c cng
kiu nh dng. V d, bn c th ko mt Control t mt
Control Layout dng ngn xp sang mt Control Layout
cng dng ngn xp khc ch khng phi mt Control
Layout dng bng.
Thm Control vo mt Control Layout
Page 224

thm mt trng mi t Pane Field List vo mt Control
Layout tn ti bn lm nh sau:
Ko tho trng t Pane Field List vo Control layout.
Thanh cun ngang, dc s cho bn bit ni bn s th gi nt
trn chut.
thm mt Control tn ti vo mt Control Layout
c bn lm nh sau:
Bc 1: Chn Control u tin m bn mun thm vo
Control Layout.
Bc 2: Nu bn mun thm cc nhiu Control trn cng
mt Layout, bn gi phm Shift ri tch chn ln lt cc
Control. Ngoi ra bn cng c th chn cc control trn
Layout khc.
Bc 3: Ko th cc trng cc trng c chn vo
Layout. Thanh cun ngang, dc s bo cho bn bit v tr ca
trng m bn c th th gi chut.
Bc 4: Trn Tab Arrange trong nhm Control Layout nhp
chn kiu Layout m bn mun a cc Control vo . Nu
bn mun thm cc iu khin vo Layout dng bng bn
chn Tabular
, ngc li bn chn Stacked
.
Sau bc ny Access s to ra mt Layout mi v thm cc
iu Control m bn chn ln .
Loi b Control trn mt Control Layout.
Vic loi b Control t mt Control Layout cho php bn c
th thc hin bt k v tr no trn Form m khng b nh
hng ti cc iu khin khc
Bn chn ti Control cn loi b trn Control Layout. la
chn nhiu Control mt lc bn gi phm Shift sau tch
chn nhng Control cn la b. La chn tt c cc
Page 225

Control trn Control Layout bn nhp chn v hp chn
gc trn bn pha tri ca Control Layout.
V tip theo hy lm theo cc bc di y:
- Trn Tab Arrange tm ti nhm Control Layout nhp chn
Remove
.
- Nhp phi chut vo mt trong nhng iu khin c
chn tr ti mc Layout chn Remove
.
4.4. Tm Layout View v Design View.
Layout view: Layout View l ch hin th trc quan nht
bn c th s dng trong qu trnh chnh sa Form, ch
ny n cung cp cho bn nhng cng c m gn nh c
th thay i mi th m bn mun khi lm vic vi Form
trong Microsoft Office Access 2007. ch Layout View,
Form ang chy thc s, v vy bn c th nhn thy d liu
xut hin trn Form, nhng vn c th thay i nhng thit
k ca Form ch ny. y l ch hin th tin dng
nht thit lp rng ca cc iu khin cng nh c th
thc hin hu ht cc cng vic b tr s b cc ca Form
trn giao din ngi dng.
Mt s cng vic khng th thc hin c trong ch
Layout View m yu cu phi chuyn sang ch Design
View. Trong nhng tnh hung Access s hin th thng
bo, rng bn cn phi chuyn sang ch hin th Design
View thc hin nhng cng vic .
Design view: Ch hin th Design View cho php bn
xem chi tit hn v cu trc Form ang thit k. Ch ny
cho php chng ta c th nhn thy cc phn Header, Detail,
Footer. Form khi hin th ch Design View s khng
chy v vy bn khng th nhn thy d liu m n cha bn
trong khi ang thay i thit k. Tuy nhin c mt s cng
Page 226

vic chnh m bn c th thc hin d dng ch ny
thay v Layout View:
- C th thm nhiu hn cc Control ln Form nh cc nhn,
hnh nh, ng Line, hnh ch nht.
- Chnh sa ngun d liu cho cc TextBox bng cch s
dng pane Property sheet.
- Thay i kch thc ca cc phn (sections) trn Form, v d
nh phn tiu , phn chi tit.
- Thay i mt s thuc tnh chnh m khng th thay i
c ch Layout View.
4.5. Tinh chnh Forn
Lm vic ch hin th Layout View
Sau khi bn to ra mt Form, bn c th d dng tinh chnh
cc thit k ca n khi hin th ch Layout View. S
dng d liu thc t nh hng dn ca bn, bn c th sp
xp li cc iu khin v iu chnh kch c ca chng. Cng
nh c th thay th cc Control mi trn Form v thit lp
cc thuc tnh cho Form v cc iu khin trn .
chuyn v ch Layout View nhp phi chut vo Form
trn pane Navigation Pane, tip theo chn layout View
.
Access s hin th Form ch Layout View.
Bn c th s dng Property Sheet chnh sa thuc tnh
cho Form v cc iu khin trong cc vng (Section) trn
Form. Mun th hp thoi Property Sheet bn nhn phm F4.
Chng ta cng c th s dng Pane Field List thm mt
trng t mt bng hoc mt Query ln Form ang thit k.
Di y l mt trong cc cch hin th Pane Field List:
Page 227

- Trn Tab Formatting, trong nhm Controls chn Add
Existing Fields
.
- Nhp phm Alt + F8
Sau bn c th ko th trc tip cc trng t Pane Field
List vo Form.
- thm mt trng n gin, bn nhp p chut vo n
hoc ko th n t Pane Field List vo mt vng nht nh
trn Form ni m bn cn hin th.
- thm nhiu hn mt trng, bn gi phm Ctrl sau
dng chut tch chn nhng trng cn mun thm. Sau
ko th chng ln Form.
Lm vic ch hin th Design View.
Bn cng c th tinh chnh nhng thit k ca Form khi lm
vic vi n ch Design view. Bn thm cc Control, cc
trng ln Form bng cch b xung chng ln li thit k.
Hp thoi Property sheet s cho php bn truy cp mt s
lng ln cc thuc tnh c th thit lp chnh sa Form.
chuyn Form v ch Design View, hy nhp phi
chut ln tn Form trong Pane Navigation sau chn
Design View
.
Access s hin th Form ch Design View
Bn c th s dng hp thoi Property Sheet chnh sa
cc thuc tnh cho Form cng nh cc Control trn Form
bng cch nhn phm F4.
Bn c th s dng Pane Field List thm mt trng t
bng hoc Query vo thit k ca Form. Sau y l mt s
cch thc hin
Page 228

- Trn Tab Formatting, tm ti nhm Controls nhp chn
Add Existing Fields
.
- Nhp t hp phm Ctrl + F8
Bn c th ko th trc tip cc trng t Pane Field List ln
Form.
- thm mt trng, hy nhp p chut vo n hoc ko
th t Pane Field List ln Form.
- thm nhiu hn mt trng, hy gi phm Ctrl ri dng
chut tch chn nhng trng cn thit. Sau ko th
nhng trng ny ln Form.
4.6. Thm Control ln Form
Mt s Control c to ra t ng, v d nh cc Control
ph thuc c to ra khi bn thm mt trng t Pane Field
List vo Form. Nhiu Control khc cng c th c to ra
ch Design View bng cch s dng cc cng c trong
nhm Controls trn Tab Design.
Ch : nhiu cng c trong nhm Controls ch c th truy

cp khi form ca bn c m ch Design.
Xc nh tn ca mt Control
xc nh tn ca mt Control bn ch cn di chut ti n,
Access s hin th tn ca Control trn Tooltip.
S dng cc cng c Winzard.
Bn c th s dng cng c Wizards c h tr trong
qu trnh to cc Command Button, list boxes, subforms,
Page 229

combo box v option groups. Trn Tab Design tm ti nhm
Controls, nu nt Use Control Wizards nu nh n khng
sng
Nu bn yu cu to cc Control m khng cn s tr gip

ca Wizards bn hy nhp chn Use Control Wizards tt
ch ny
To mt Control s dng cc cng c trong nhm

Controls.
Bc 1: Nhp chn cng c tng ng vi kiu Control m
bn mun thm, v d to mt hp kim bn nhp chn
Control TextBox.
Bc 2: Nhp chut ln li thit k Form, ni bn mun bt
u t gc tri ca iu khin . Nu nhp mt chut ln
Form, Control s c to vi c mc nh, cn khng bn
c th ko th chut ty chnh c ca Control trn Form.
Bc 3: Trong trng hp la chn cng c Wizards, khi
bn chn mt Control, chc nng ny s hng dn tng
bc bn c th to ra mt Control.
Bc 4: Trong trng hp v tr ca Control trn Form cha
thch hp, bn c th sp xp li hoc di chuyn chng n v
tr thch hp theo cc bc sau:
- Nhp chn Control trn Form.
- Ko th Control ti v tr m bn mun.
Nu bn s dng mt Control Wizard, cng c ny s ln
lt thc hin cc bc gip bn kim sot vic Bind
(rng buc) d liu t mt trng vo Control . Tuy nhin
th tc ny to ra mt Control m khng b rng buc bi
cc trng d liu. Nu Control ny l dng Control c th
hin th d liu(TextBox, CheckBox,), bn phi nhp vo
Page 230

tn trng hoc biu thc cho gi tr ca thuc tnh Control
Source ca Control, khi n mi c th hin th c d
liu bn mong mun. hin th bng thuc tnh cho cc
Control hy nhp phm F4.
4.7. Lu li cc cng vic ca bn
Sau khi lu li Form nh thit k, bn c th chy n thng
xuyn nu bn mun. Cc thit k vn gi nguyn, nhng d
liu s c hin th thi im bn chy Form. Nu cn
thay i bn hon ton c th chnh sa hoc to mi Form
d trn nhng g m lm trc .
Lu li nhng thit k ca Form
chn Save.
, sau
Page 231
Cch khc
Bn nhp chn nt Save
trn thanh Quick Access
Toolbar hoc nhp t hp phm Ctrl + S.
Bc 2: nu Form c lu ln u tin mt hp thoi s
xut hin yu cu bn nhp vo tn Form trong hp nhp
Form Name, cui cng nhp Ok hon tt.
Lu li thit k ca Form vi mt tn khc.
Page 232

Save As
.
, chn
Bc 2: Trong hp thoi Save As, bn g tn Form mi

trong hp nhp Save Form To.
Chn gi tr l Form trong hp combo As.
Page 233
Cui cng nhp Ok hon tt.
Page 234

Bi 5. Lm vic vi Report
Vi Microsoft Office Access 2007 bn c th to ra nhiu
loi bo co khc nhau, t n gin n phc tp. u tin
hy gh v bo co dng hin th nhng bn ghi t ngun
d liu. Cho d l bo co vi mt danh sch n gin, hoc
bo co nhm ch tiu doanh thu theo vng min, th vic
u tin bn nn quan tm l nhng trng cha d liu no
cn hin th ln bo co, v nhng bng hay Query no cha
chng.
Sau khi bn chn c nhng bn ghi cn thit, bn c th
d dng to ra mt bo co bng cng c Report Wizard.
Report Wizard l mt chc nng trong Access, chc nng
ny s hng dn bn thng qua cc cu hi, bo co c
to ra da trn nhng cu tr li ca bn cho nhng cu hi
.
5.1. La chn bn ghi ngun.
Mt bo co bao gm nhng thng tin c a vo t cc
bn ghi trong mt bng hoc mt Query. cng nh cc thng
tin c lu gi cng vi lc bo co c thit k thit
k, chng hn nh nhn, mc, v cc hnh nh. Cc bng
hoc truy vn cung cp cc d liu ny cn c bit n
nh l ngun bn ghi ca bo co. Nu nhng trng m bn
mun s dng u nm trong mt bng th bn c th s
dng bng nh ngun bn ghi. Nu nhng trng s dng
nm nhiu bng khc nhau bn cn bn s phi s dng
mt hoc hiu Query nh l ngun bn ghi. Nhng Query
ny c th tn ti trong c s d liu ca bn, hoc nu
cn bn c th to mi nhng Query c th cha c
nhng d liu m bn mun hin th ln bo co.
5.2. To bo co
S dng cng c Report
Page 235

Cc cng c Report cung cp con ng nhanh nht to ra
mt bo co. Bi v n t ng to ra bo co m khng cn
ly thng tin hi p t ngi thit k. Bo co hin th tt c
cc trng t ngun d liu ca mt bng hoc Query. Tuy
cc bo co s dng cng c Report khng hon ho v
khng th to ra nhng sn phm cui cng. Nhng n tht
s hu dng khi hin th nhanh d liu. Bn c th lu li
bo co v chnh sa n ch hin th Layout View hoc
Design View sao cho c th phc v tt nht mc ch ca
bn.
Bc 1: Trong pane Navigation, nhp chn Table hoc
Query m bn mun to bo co.
Page 236
Bc 2: Trn Tab Create, trong nhm Reports nhp chn

Report
.
Access s to ra mt bo co v hin th n trn Layout

View.
Page 237
Sau khi xem cc bo co, bn c th lu v sau ng c

bo co v cc bng hoc Query m bn s dng lm cc
bn ghi ngun. Ti mt thi im no cn m li bo co,
khi Access s hin th nhng d liu mi nht t ngun
d liu ca bo co.
S dng cng c Report Wizard.
Bn s dng ReportWizard c nhiu chn la hn v
nhng trng s xut hin trn bo co. V cng c th ch
ra cc trng c nhm hoc sp xp, ngoi ra c th s
dng nhiu hn mt bng hoc Query lm d liu ngun cho
bo co.
Report Wizard.
Page 238
Bc 3: Chc nng Wizard s hng dn bn tng bc to

ra bo co:
Hp thoi ny cho php bn la chn cc trng hin th trn

bo co. Nhp Next chuyn bc tip theo.
Page 239
Trong ca s ny cho php cho php bn chn trng cn

nhm. Nhp Next chuyn bc tip theo.
Chn trng sp xp cho bo co. Nhp Next chuyn

bc tip theo.
Page 240
Chn kiu b tr bo co trong khung Layout, v chn kh

giy ngang hay dc khung Orientation. Nhp Next
chuyn bc tip theo.
Page 241

Chn Style cho bo co, nhp Next chuyn bc tip
theo.
Nhp vo tn ca bo co trong phn What title do you

Cui cng chn Finish hon tt.
Ch : Nu bn mun ly cc trng vo bo co t nhiu
bng hoc Query, bn khng nhp Next hoc Finish sau khi
la chn xong trng t Table hoc Query u tin trn
trang u tin ca Report Wizards.
Page 242
Thay v chuyn sang bc tip theo bn tip tc nhp chn

cc bng hoc Query khc cn ly d liu trong mc
Tables/Queries.
Sau khi chn xong tt c cc trng cn thit bn c th
nhp Next hoc Finish my tnh tip tc to bo co.
S dng cng c Blank Report
Nu khng quan tm n vic s dng cng c Report hoc
Report Wizards, bn c th s dng cng c Blank Report
xy dng mt bo co t u. Vi cng c ny bn s nhanh
chng to ra mt bo co, c bit thch hp khi bn d nh
ch thm vo mt s trng nht nh. Di y l cc
bc to bo co bng cng c Blank Report.
Blank Report.
Page 243
Mt Blank Report c hin th ch Design, v Pane

Field List xut hin bn tri ca mn hnh chnh.
Bc 2: Trong Pane Field List nhp chut vo nt c hnh

(+) vo bng cha nhng trng m bn mun hin th d
liu trn bo co.
Page 244
Bc 3: Nhp chn mt trng hoc c th gi phm Ctrl ri

nhp chn nhiu trng mt lc ri ko th ln bo co.
Page 245

Bc 4: S dng cc cn c trong nhm Control trn Tab
Formatting thm Logo, tiu , s trang, cho bo co.
5.3. Tm hiu v Report section

Trong Access, vic thit k cc bo co c chia thnh
nhiu phn (Section). Bn hy hin th bo co ch
Design View nhn thy cc vng (section) . Mun to
cc bo co p ng c yu cu, cn phi hiu r tng
phn, v cch lm vic vi cc Section . V d, phn no
c th la chn t cc iu Control tnh ton? V lm th
no Access tnh ton ra kt qu. Di y l danh sch
tm tt c kiu Section v cch s dng chng.
- Report Header: y l phn c in ra ch mt ln khi bt
u bo co. S dng cc tiu bo co cho cc thng tin
m thng thng c th xut hin trn mt trang ba, nh l
mt biu tng, mt tiu , hoc mt ngy thng. Cc
Report Heager c in trc khi in trang u tin
- Page Header: y l Section s c in trn u mi trang.
V d, s dng Page Header lp li tiu bo co trn tt
c cc trang.
- Group Header: y l phn c in khi bt u mi nhm
bn ghi. S dng Section ny in ra cc tn nhm. V d,
trong mt bo co c nhm theo sn phm lc Group
Header c s dng in tn cc sn phm. Khi bn t
mt Control tnh ton m s dng hm Sum trong Group
Header, Access s tnh tng cho tng nhm.
Page 246

- Detail: Section ny in tt c cc dng c trong ngun bn
ghi. y l ni bn t cc Control hin th d liu v l
phn thn chnh ca bo co.
- Group Footer: y l phn c in cui mi nhm bn
ghi. S dng Section ny in cc thng tin tm tt cho mt
nhm.
- Page Footer: c in cui mi trang. S dng phn ny
in thng tin v s trang cng nh trang hin thi ca bo
co.
- Report Footer: y l phn ch c in duy nht mt ln.
S dng phn ny in tng s hoc cc thng tin tm tt v
ton b bo co.
Ch : ch Design, Report Footer xut hin di phn
Page Footer. Tuy nhin khi bo co c in hoc xem trc
khi in, th Report Footer li xut hin pha trn Page Footer,
ch cn Goup Footer cui cng hoc dng cui cng ca
phn Detail nm trang cui.
5.4. Tm hiu v cc Control
Tng t nh phn Tm hiu v cc Controls Bi 4
5.5. Tinh chnh bo co
Tng t nh phn Tinh chnh Form Bi 4
5.6. Thm Control vo bo co
Tng t nh phn Thm Control ln Form Bi 4
5.7. Xem bo co
C nhiu cch xem bo co, cch c la chn ph
thuc vo nhng g m bn mun thao tc vi bo co v d
liu trn .
Page 247

- Nu bn mun tm thi thc hin cc thay i vi d liu
s xut hin trn bo co trc khi bn in n, hoc nu bn
mun sao chp d liu t cc bo co vo b nh tm, th
hy s dng Report View.
- Nu bn mun c th thay i cc thit k ngay khi bo co
ang hin th d liu bn hy s dng ch Layout View.
- Nu bn ch n gin mun xem nhng g bo co s c
thy khi in ra, bn hy s dng ch Print Preview.
Xem bo co ch Report View
Report View l ch hin th mc nh c s dng khi
bn nhp p chut vo mt bo co trn pane Navigation
nu nh n cha c m.
Trong trng hp bo co ang m mt ch no bn
nhp phi chut vo tn bo trn Pane Navigation chn
Report View.
Lm vic vi d liu ch Report View
Trong ch Report View, bn c th la chn ni dung vn
bn trn v Copy vo b nh tm ca my tnh. la
chn ton b cc ct ca mt s hng, bn nhp gi chut
vo l bn tri ri ko ti hng mun chn. Sau c th
copy nhng hng chn bng mt trong cc cch di
y:
- Trn Tab Home, trong nhm Clipboard, nhp chn Copy
.
- Nhp phi chut v dng c chn, ri chn Copy.

Page 248
- S dng t hp phm Ctrl + C.

Ch hin th nhng trng bn mun bng cch s dng
cng c lc
Bn c th p dng cc b lc trc tip cho bo co m
khng cn ri khi ch Report View. V d, trn bo co
c mt ct "City" v bn ch mun xem nhng hng m ct
"City" c gi tr l Miami, bn lm nh sau:
- Tm t Miami trn bo co v nhp phi chut vo n.
- Nhp chn Equals Miami.
Page 249
Access s to v p dng b lc, lc ny bo co ch cn

nhng bn ghi c ct City l Miami.
Page 250
To mt b lc chi tit hn.

Bc 1: Nhp phi chut vo trng cn lc.
Bc 2: Chn Common Filters.
Bc 3: Nhp chn iu kin lc m bn mun.
Bc 4: Nhp vo gi tr lc.
Hy b mt b lc
Bc 1: Nhp phi chut vo trng m bn mun loi b b
lc.
Bc 2: Nhp chn Clear filter from city.
Page 251
Ch : Nu bn p dng mt b lc cho mt bo co sau

lu v ng bo co li khi b lc s c lu cng bo
co. Tuy nhin ln sau khi m li bo co, Access s khng
s dng c b lc. s dng li b lc, trn Tab Home
tm ti nhm Sort & Filter, tip theo nhp chn Toggle
Filter.
Xem bo co trc khi in s dng Print Preview.
Nhp phi chut vo bo co trong Pane Navigation, sau
chn Print Preview.
Cc nt trn Navigation c th gip bn xem mt cch tun
t hoc bt c trang no m bn mun.
Page 252
(1). Tr v trang u tin

(2): Tr v trang trc
(3): Chuyn ti trang tip theo
(4): Chuyn ti trang cui cng
(5): G vo s trang trong hp nhp v nhn Enter nhy
ti trang .
ch Print Preview, bn c th phng to xem chi tit
hoc thu nh xem v tr ca d liu trn trang. Nu v tr
con tr chut nm trong bo co bn ch cn nhp chut mt
ln. o ngc ch hin th bn bm chut mt ln
na. Bn cng c th s dng Control Zoom trn thanh trng
thi ca Access tuy chnh c phng to hay thu nh bo
co.
ng ch Print Preview bn lm theo mt trong cc
cch sau y:
- Trn Tab Print Preview chn nt Close Print Preview.
- Nhp phi chut vo bo co trn Pane Navigation sau

chn Layout View hoc chn Design View.
5.8. In bo co
Page 253

Bn c th in mt bo co trong khi n ang c m bt
k ch xem no, hoc thm ch trong khi n ang ng.
Trc khi in, hy chc chn l thit lp cc thng s ci
t cho trang in, nh l, kh giy trang in, Access lu li
nhng ci t v vy ch phi thit lp chng mt ln duy
nht. Sau ny bn cng c th thit lp li nu yu cu in n
thay i.
Thay i nh dng trang in.
- M mt bo co ch Print Preview. Bn c th thay
i cc thit lp cho trang in bt k ch no, nhng
ch hin th Print Preview l trc quan nht bi khi c
th nhn thy ngay lp tc nhng thay i m bn va thc
hin.
- Trn Tab Print Preview tm ti nhm Page Layout, nhp
chn Portrait
hoc Landscape
thit lp cc trng
thi nh hng. Size
thit lp kch thc cho trang
in, Margins
iu chnh l,
- Sau khi thc hin mt thay i, hy s dng cc nt trn
Navigation xem th mt s trang chc chn rng bn
khng to ra bt k vn g v nh dng trn cc trang
pha sau.
In bo co
Bc 1: M Report bt k ch no m bn mun, hoc
c th chn bo co trn Navigation Pane.
nhp Print
. Hp thoi Print xut hin
, sau
Bc 3: Nhp cc ty chn in bo co trong hp thoi, cui

cng nhp Ok in bo co
Page 254
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Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Bi 1. C bn v Access 2007 ............................................ 4

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

- T thanh Start nhp chn All Programs/Microsoft

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Cui cng nhp chn Ok kt thc.

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Bng mt trong 3 cch trn bn mn hnh lm vic Microsoft

1.1.2. Getting Started with Microsoft Office Access

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Cc Ribbon cha mt lot cc Tab lnh c cha lnh. Trong

Microsoft Access 2007 s to ra mt Form mi da trn

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Bn c th s dng cc phm tt vi Ribbon. Tt c cc phm

Khi bn chn mt tab lnh, bn c th duyt qua cc lnh

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Bn mun chn nt no th nhn phm tng ng nh hng

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Import hoc lin kt vi d liu bn

Di chuyn mt s hay ton b cc phn

Chy Visual Basic editor hoc chy

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Manage Access add-ins.

Khi ng mt contextual command tab

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Cc contextual command tabs cha lnh v cc tnh nng m

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Galleries c hnh dng v kch c khc nhau. Cc kt qu

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

1.1.4. Thanh cng c Quick Access

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Ty bin thanh cng c Quick Access

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Bc 3: Cui cng nhp Ok hon tt.

Sau khi thay i bn s c c ToolBar nh mun.

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

m hoc thc thi mt lnh cho mt i tng trn

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Ni dung ca cc Context Menu ny ty thuc vo ng cnh

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

bt hp thoi ny bn nhp phi chut ln phn ch All

Trong mc Open Objects With bn tch chn Single-click.

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

mc Categories bn chn Custom ri nhp Add Group sau

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Nhp Enter xc nhn ri nhp Ok hon tt, nh vy

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Mc nh Navigation Pane xut hin khi bn m mt

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Bc 2: Bn pha tri Pane nhp chn Current DataBase.

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

Bc 3: Trong hp thoi ny pha di mc Navigation bn

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT

n hin ch Tab Document.

Hp thoi Access Option xut hin.

Gio trnh Access 2007 - Lp k47H CNTT