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Hướng dẫn sử dụng Photoshop
Hướng dẫn sử dụng Photoshop
Photoshop CS
Ni dung ca trang ny thuc bn quyn ca B tc Monte Cristo - Final Fantasy v www.vietphotoshop.com. Nhng bi vit
trong ny c th c in ra dng vi mc ch c nhn v phi thng mi. Nu bn mun pht hnh li trong trang web ca bn lm
n lin lc vi ti hoc t nht phi trch dn li ngun l: B tc Monte Cristo - Final Fantasy v www.vietphotoshop.com
Ch : Nhng ngi s dng Window 2000 cn m nhng tp tin bi hc trc khi s dng chng.
bit thm thng tin, xem phn Copying the Classroom in a Book files trang 3.
Photoshop CS
Ch : c thng tin v vic s dng cc dng PNG v WBNG, xem phn Tr Gip ca Photoshop.
Adobe Photoshop v Adobe ImageReady s cho bn mt phm vi iu khin hiu qu i vi vic nn
kch thc tp tin ca mt nh trong khi ti u ho cht lng nh th hin trn mn hnh. Bn c th
p dng mt tp hp cc thit lp ti u cho mt tp hp nh, mt nh ri, mt lp (layer) hay 1 tm
phim chp (slice).
Trong bi hc ny bn s ti u ho v lu cc hnh nh dng JPEG v GIF. Trong cc bi tp tip
theo sau, bn s lm vic vi mt lot nh c thit k s dng trn trang web cho cc t chc du
lch gi tng.
Photoshop (qua hp thoi Save for web) v ImageReady (qua bng Optimize) c nhiu kh nng ging
nhau v vic ti u ho hnh nh. Th d, bn c th s dng trnh ng dng chn mt mng rng
Photoshop CS
Photoshop CS
Photoshop CS
2. gc di tri ca hp thoi Save For Web, chn 300% t menu pop-up Zoom Level bn c th
nhn thy nhng chi tit ca nh.
So snh nhng nh vi cc thit lp ti u khc nhau.
3. Bm vo 1 trong 4 tm nh con tr bin thnh biu tng hnh bn tay v ko nh bn c th
thy nhng khc bit gia nhng nh c ti u ho v nh gc.
4. Nhn cn thn cc vng sau y: vn bn gc di phi ca nh, vng trn np hp th tng
phn vi nn tri mu xanh, bng ca cnh ca r st ca
hp th ln,vng ni ln ca hp th r st v nhng chi tit khc ca nh.
Photoshop CS
Photoshop CS
JPEG High. Cht lng nh c ci thin nhng kch c nh cn hn gp 3 ln. (Xem hnh)
JPEG Medium. Vi thit lp ny, cht lng nh c th chp nhn c v kch thc nh
thp hn phin bn vi tu chn l JPEG High hoc GIF.
Ch : Bn c th chn mc cht lng trung bnh khc cho tp tin JPEG bng cch g vo hoc
ko con tr v bn phi ca hp thoi Save For Web.
V bn th cc thit lp khc nhau ca dng GIF v JPEG, bn s dng nh xem trc th t
th mt dng khc.
Photoshop CS
4. Chn nh nm gc di phi ri s dng menu Preset chn dng PNG-8 128 dithered.
D cc kt qu ny cho kch c tp tin nh hn nh gc, cht lng nh khng p bng nh JPEG
Medium, cng c kch c tp tin nh hn. Hn na, nhiu trnh duyt trc y khng c c dng
PNG. lm cho nh ny tng thch vi cc trnh duyt trc y, bn s lu tp tin ny cho trang
Web bng cch s dng
ti u ho ca dng JPEG Medium.
5. Chn dng JPEG Medium ca nh c ti u ( gc di tri ca hp thoi) v chn hp kim
Progressive.
Ch : Khi mc Progressive c chn, bt k khi no vic ti hnh nh xung bng nhiu con ng
xy ra, mi con ng gia tng cht lng hnh nh.
Photoshop CS
Photoshop CS
4. Nu cn, bm mi tn m rng tu chn Color Table trn Palette Optimize ri chn Perceptual
trn Menu pop-up Reduction.
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Photoshop CS
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Photoshop CS
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Photoshop CS
Tc ti xung 56.6 Kbps thng thng hn tc 28.8 Kbps. Kch thc ny th hin kch c ca
nh bng nhng im nh. y l iu quan trng cn bit d nh lm th no cho 1 nh ph hp
vi 1 mu ca trang Web c thit k trc.
V bng mu
Palette Color Table th hin nhng mu m vic s dng tu chn gim mu dnh cho tp tin c
kch hot hin hnh. S lng mu dng trong nh ny c lit k di y ca palette vi nhiu
nt khc nhau.Bn c th ly li kch c ca Palette hoc dng thanh cun xem tt c cc mu.
Bn cng c th thay i cch cc mu c sp xp trong Palette bng cch bm chut vo mi tn
nh menu palette Color Table ri chn phng php phn loi : theo scmu, theo sng, hoc
theo mc ph bin thng dng.
Nhng biu tng khc nm ngay trn bng mu mu cho bit mu mu hin hnh (nu mu mu
c chn),cho d mt mu c b kho li hay khng, v cho d mt mu l mu b gii hn trn trang
(web). Bn s hc hi thm nhiu v vic nhn din v s dng nhng c im ny khi tin hnh qua
bi hc ny.
Ch : Trong Photoshop, bng Color Table nm trong hp thoi Save For Web.
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Photoshop CS
iu khin ho sc v cc mu gim
Bn c th thy rng mt s vng no ca nh b lm m. Hin tng lm m ny l do ho
sc. K thut ny c dng nhi nhng mu khng c trong bng mu. Th d, mu xanh bin v
mu vng c th ho trn theo mt mu (gm nhng mnh mu nh c ghp li vi nhau) to ra
mt o gic c mt mu xanh l cy khng nm trong bng mu.
Khi ti u ho hnh nh, hy Ch 2 loi ho sc c th xy ra:
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Photoshop CS
4. Trong tu chn Colors trong bng Optimize, g hoc chn s 32 trong menu pop-up.
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Photoshop CS
5. Chn li tr s 128 trong tu chn Colors Mt cch hin nhin, ch n thun gim bng mu th
khng gii quyt c vn ny. y khng phi l kin hay. Tuy nhin, c mt s k thut m bn
s th sp ti y s cho nhng kt qu kh quan hn.
Tng ho sc to gi nhng mu b thiu
Trc khi bt u phng thc ny, bo m l bng Optimize vn cn th hin tu chn Perceptual
as the Reduction v
tr s 128 i vi Colors. Trong hnh thung lng, Ch dy mu nu kiu gradient trong nhng m
my. Bn s tp trung vo phn ny ca nh v bng cy dng khi bn chnh sa trong ch ny.
1. Bn di mc Dither trong bng Optimize, chn Diffuse trong menu pop-up Method v ko con trt
n 100%.
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Photoshop CS
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Photoshop CS
ni.
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Photoshop CS
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Photoshop CS
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Photoshop CS
Phn minh ha nh nhng gi tr ca palette khc nhau, xem hnh 16-1 phn mu.
Ch : Nu bn khng thy ho sc, tng phng ln hoc tt phn xem trc ho sc trnh
duyt ri tr v quan st hiu ng. Bn c th bt/tt phn xem trc ho sc trnh duyt bng cch
nhn phm Ctrl+Shift+Y (Windows) hoc Command+Shift+Y (Mac OS)
2. Thot ra khi ch xem trc trnh duyt nhng ln ny nhn nt Ctrl+Shift+Y (Window) hoc
Command+Shift+Y (Mac OS) hoc bn c th dng lnh View > Preview > Browser Dither mt ln na.
3. Chn cng c Eyedropper v bm vo bt k ni no trn vng bu tri thung lng. Mu mu c
chn trong bng Color Table.
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4. Bm nt Web-shift
Photoshop CS
Mu mu i v tr trong bng v mt vin kim cng nh xut hin chnh gia mu mu cho thy rng
n c dch chuyn sang mu tng ng gn nht ca Web.
5. S dng cng mt k thut, chn mt mu mu nu nht hn trn dc ca thung lng v bm
ntWeb-shift mt ln na.
6. Chn View > Preview > Browser Dither, hoc nhn Ctrl+Shift+Y (Window) hoc
Command+Shift+Y(Mac OS) xem trc tp tin trong ch ny.
Ho sc trnh duyt mt i khi nhng vng c chn v phn cn li ca nh l c th chp nhn
c.
7. Chn View > Preview > Browser Dither b chn n ri chn File > Save.
Bng cch dch chuyn web nn mu nu, bn i mu ca n thnh mt mu c th hin th m
khng b ho sc bi trnh duyt Web trn h thng 256 mu.
Ch : Trong Photoshop CS v ImageReady CS bn c th chuyn i nhanh mt mu sang mu
khc hoc sang trng sut.Vic chuyn i ny gn li tt c nhng im nh xut hin mu chn
thnh mu mi hoc trng sut. bit thm thng tin, xem phn tr gip ca ImageReady.
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Photoshop CS
Ti u ho cc Slice
Cc nh thit k chuyn nghip thng kt hp cc loi ngun nh khc nhau thnh mt nh n
thun trong Photoshop hoc ImageReady. Th d, bn c th to mt tp tin nh gm nhng nh c
nhng vng mu nht v kiu in kt hp vi nhng nh c tng mu lin tc hoc nhng nh khc
ch t mu theo t l v bng phc tp. Rt kh t c nhng kt qu tho ng khi ti u ho
nhng nh nh th nu ch s dng n thun mt phng n ti u ho.
Nu bn chia nh thnh tng slice, bn c th ti u ho tng slice ri bit lp. Th d, bn c th ng
dng vic ti u ho dng GIF cho mt s vng trong 1 nh trong khi ng dng vic ti u ho dng
JPEG hoc PNG cho cc nh khc. lm iu ny, bn ch vic chn mt slice ring (dng cng c
chn slice) v thit lp tu chn ti u ho trong hp thoi Save For Web (Photoshop) hoc bng
Optimize (ImageReady).
Xc nh trong sut ca phn nn
Bn c th s dng trong sut ca phn nn t mt i tng ha khng phi l hnh ch
nht ln nn ca trang Web; nhng vng ngoi bin ca i tng c xc nh l trong sut,
mu nn ca trang Web th hin xuyn sut. Bn c th xc nh trong sut ca phn nn i vi
cc nh dng GIF v PNG.
Chuyn i lp nn (Background) thnh lp bnh thng
Trc khi bn s dng kh nng ca tp tin dng GIF gi li trong sut, bn phi to trong
sut trong nh ca bn. Bn s lm iu bng cch di i phng mu trng xung quanh nh. bt
u tin trnh ny, u tin bn s chuyn i lp Background thnh lp bnh thng v lp
Background lun lun b kho v khng th c trong sut.
1. m bo rng tp tin 16Start2.psd ang c m trong ImageReady.
2. Chn nh gc bn tri ca ca s nh.
3. Chn Fit on Screen t menu Zoom Level gc pha tri bn di ca ca s nh.
4. Chn Window > Layer m bng Layers ri m menu ca bng layers v chn Layers Options.
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Photoshop CS
Layer Background khng th cha bt c thng tin no v trng sut v theo nh ngha, khng c
g pha sau n c nhn thy. Nu bn c gng dng mt trong nhng k thut thng c th thay
th cc im nh mu bng nhng im nh trng sut, kt qu s l cc im nh gc s c
chuyn thnh mu nn c chn hin hnh thay v tr thnh nhng im nh trng sut.
S dng cng c Magic Eraser to trng sut
Trong phn ny ca bi hc bn s s dng cng c Magic Eraser chuyn i nhanh nn mu trng
pha sau cc nh v ch vit thnh cc im nh trng sut.
Tuy nhin, bn khng mun xo bt k im nh mu trng no c th xut hin bn trong nhng tm
nh mu. Bn s hon tt iu ny qua 2 bc.
1. m bo rng nh gc bn tri ca ca s nh c chn. Bn c th xo nhng im nh nn ch
trong nh cha c ti u ho, ch khng phi trong nh c ti u ho.
2. Chn cng c Magic Eraser l cng c n nm di cng c Eraser.
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Photoshop CS
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Photoshop CS
2. Chn cng c Rectangular Marquee v cn thn v mt vng chn hnh ch nht bao quanh ch
Corners trong nh gc nm bn tri.
3. Bm gi phm Shift con tr bin thnh biu tng 1 du cng nh xut hin v ko 1 vng chn
khc hnh ch nht quanh ch Travel v ch of. Hai vng chn tr thnh mt vng. (Bn c th to
vng chn ring bit cho ch of nu bn thch gi phm Shift v ko gia tng vng chn. Hoc bn
c th thm 1 khi mu vng nh khi bn chn ch Travel v ch of.)
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Photoshop CS
4. Chn cng c Zoom v phng ln bn d nhn thy nhng vng nm trong vng chn (khong
300%).
5. Chn cng c Magic Eraser ri cn thn bm vo nn mu trng trong ch O.
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Photoshop CS
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Photoshop CS
4. Chn File > Preview In v chn trnh duyt web t menu con
Ch : s dng lnh Preview In, bn phi c mt trnh duyt Web ci trn h thng ca bn.
Nu nh cha m ra, trnh duyt u tin bt u ri hin nh c ti u ho gc trn tri ca
ca s trnh duyt. Trnh duyt ny cng cho bit kch thc im nh, kch thc tp tin, dng tp tin
v cc thit lp ti u ho cho nh cng vi m HTML c dng to ra phn xem trc.
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Photoshop CS
5. Thot khi trnh duyt khi bn kt thc phn xem trc nh.
Xn vng nn tha
D phn nn ca nh t chc du lch gi tng hin gi c cha cc im nh trng sut nhng khng
th hin, nhng im nh ny vn cn chim khng gian tp tin, tng thm kch thc ca nh. Bn c
th xn i phn vng nn khng cn thit ci thin b cc ca nh v ti u ho kch thc tp tin.
1. Trong ImageReady, chn Image > Trim.
Bn s dng lnh Trim xn nh theo trng sut hoc mu im nh ca vng bin tha.
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Photoshop CS
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Photoshop CS
trang khc ca Web site. Bn s thm 1 bng vo nt ny lm cho nh ni ln trn phn nn,
nhn mnh rng n l thnh phn tng tc ca trang ny.
1. Chn File > Open ri chn tp tin 16Start3.psd trong th mc Lesson16 ca th mc Lesson.
2. Nu cn, chn Window > Layers m bng Layers ri chn layer1 nu n cha c chn.
3. Chn nt Add A Layer Style cui bng layers ri chn Drop Shadow t menu.
4. Trong hp thoi Layer Style, nhp vo cc gi tr nh sau:
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Photoshop CS
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Photoshop CS
(Trong Photoshop) y hp thoi Save For Web, bm vo nt c biu tng trnh duyt
hoc bm mi tn chn trnh duyt t menu.
(Trong ImageReady) S dng nt Preview In Default Browser hoc menu con Preview In trn
menu File m tp tin trong 1 trnh duyt.
5. Trong trnh duyt, Ch cch bng c ho trn vo mu matte nn. Khi xem xong ti liu,
ng trnh duyt hoc tr v Photoshop hay ImageReady
6. Bm nt Save trong hp thoi Save For Web (Photoshop) hoc chn File > Save Optimized
(ImageReady).
7. Trong hp thoi Save Optimized, chp nhn cc thit lp mc nh v tn ca tp tin (16Start3.gif)
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Photoshop CS
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Photoshop CS
Cc cu hi n tp
1. i vi vic ti u ho hnh nh, u l nhng u im ca vic s dng ImageReady so vi
Photoshop?
2. Color Table l g?
3. Khi no th ho sc trnh duyt xy ra v lm th no bn c th gim thiu s ho sc trnh duyt
trong 1 nh?
4. Mc ch ca vic gn matte color cho nh GIF l g?
Cc cu tr li n tp
1. Tht s c nhiu li im khi s dng mt trnh ng dng ny i vi trnh ng dng khc trong vic
ti u ho.C Photoshop ln ImageReady u c th thc hin c mt phm vi rng ri nhng thao
tc nhm ti u ho nh. ImageReady c nhiu c im chuyn Web m bn s khng tm thy trong
Photoshop, nhng ti u ho hnh nh khng phi l mt trong nhng c im ny.
2. Color Table l mt bng cha cc mu s dng nh 8 bit. Bn c th chn 1 color table cho nh GIF
v PNG-8, thm, bt v chnh sa mu trong Color table.
3. Ho sc trnh duyt xy ra khi mt trnh duyt Web nhi nhng mu xut hin trong bng mu ca
nh nhng khng xut hin trong h thng hin th ca trnh duyt.
bo v mt mu khi ho sc trnh duyt, bn c th chn mu trong bng Color Table ri bm
chn nt Web-shift cui bng dch chuyn mu sang mu
tng ng gn nht ca n trong bng Web.
4. Qua vic xc nh mt li mu (matte color), bn c th pha trn phn no cc im nh trong sut
trong 1 nh vi mu nn trong trang Web ca bn. Vi li (matting), bn c th to nhng nh GIF
vi ra mm mi khng c rng ca ho sc nh nhng vo mu nn ca trang Web. Bn cng c th
xc nh ho sc
thnh trong sut.
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