6.

Conclusion
The main goal substitution analysis in this report is to use LCA methodology
to assess the energy consumption and greenhouse gas (GHC) emission of plastic
packaging in North America. The boundary of this studies incorporate raw material
extraction through production of the packaging material, their distribution and their
end -life management. This analysis was conducted t provide ACC and CPIA with
transparent, detailed life cycle assessment (LCA) results serving their proposes: such
as to provide stakeholders with valuable information about the relative life cycle
energy and greenhouse gas impacts of plastic packaging and alternative packaging
materials that might used to substitute for plastic packaging in application in US and
Canada. This study conducted with LCA approach as defined in ISO standards 14040
through 14044. The LCA method as defined according to ISO as: 1. Goal and scope
definition, Life cycle inventory (LCI), Life cycle assessment (LCA) and
interpretation.
Plastic packaging has many properties which are important for packaging
application which are included light weight, flexibility, durability, cushioning and
barrier properties. This substitution analysis demonstrates that plastic packaging is
also an efficient choice in terms of energy and global warming impacts. Totally 14.4
million metric tonnes of plastic packaging used in US in 2010. This figure only for
packaging type: caps and closures, beverage containers, stretch and shrink film,
carriers bag, rigid packaging and other flexible packaging only. The substitute
packaging would require 80% more cumulative energy demand and result 130% more
global warming potential impact, expressed CO2 and compared to the equivalent
plastic packaging.
Total energy demand injection moulded PP plastic show result as 45.44% and
for LLDPE 45.73% and analysis included Nuclear, natural gas, petroleum, hydro and
biomass. Water demand in packaging process for PP plastic: 1300 and for LLDPE:
1160, for solid waste PP plastic:340 and LLDPE:334 and atmosphere and emission
for PP plastic:3514 and LLDPE plastic:3559 as per interpretation report summaries.