((1

1993

-:

()
---( )
( )
( )
!



( )

((2

99.999
.001

1992
( )35



1995 ( )35
-213 1


1995

((5
1992
180

1991




()
( )5:

( )

( )

((5

21

((3

( )51
1950 ( )01-01-1950 20 1538
3 15
1951

((1
( )
" " 1931

()Mrs. Messy


1939
1911
1911
1911

( POW
" )"Prisoner of War

((1

( )80
POW
(
)

POW


ORS

( )93

1913

((8
1911


POWS

23 ( )ORS
9891912121
ORS ORS

ORS


1915
21 (
)
( Left
)Hander

((9
POW
( )AMC ( )
ORS








9
POW ( )
( !


)
"You Pakistani bastard POW, how you dared to
slap our Captain. Now we will take you to Agra and kill
"you on the way.

((10
POW

( POW
)



"Look Commander, it is pitch dark, late night,
nobody knows that Dr. Umar is with you. You need
not to take me to Agra, you can kill me here, and I am
"prepared for it.
!


!
!


POW

((11
23 23

23


POWS

12 1915 last but one

15
1915
1913 ( )

((12
1911
1918
1981
( Field
)Hospital 1985 81
1985 11 (81
11 )

()19

((15


1995 -213 1


( )35

((15

((13

((11
!

! 35

((11


!


!


()

!



11

((18

! 35

' ' 180
( 21

((19

)


( )
" "

"

"

((20
()





1
2

((21




!

2001

((22

-5121
28272152858512

((25

2013

((25
( )
Independent Command

1983


! 1911
33
Terminology

((23
-: -:

1911-1910

Observations & Experiments in Natural History
-:

( )1

() () (

) ( )

( )

( )Families

((21



() ( )11
()

( )Gases

( )Gases ( )Organic chemistry
( )InOrganic Chemistry( )Metals

( )Heavy Metals ( )Salts

((21

( )Atom ( )Electron()Neutron
( )Protons
( )Heavy Metals


( )Energy




( )Controled

((28


5

( : )5 31






( )5

((29

(
: 12)15
13

(
)13

((50

( )

((51


15
(
)15

( )

()Space Medicine

( )One Atmospheric Pressure
One Atmospheric
Pressure

((52

( )G ( )1G Force




55
99 5
5 ( Supporting
)Equipment

)
( )Low Altitude Pressure ( High Altitude
)Pressure

Manoeuvring

((55

( )
( )G Forces
( )
()

( )
( )G Suit

( )
( Life Supporting
)Equipment

((55







( Human Factor )

( )Flight Surgeon
Activities



()SMO

()CECIL

((53

( )5 ( )1 1/2 ( )2

()G FORCES

Giant Wheel
( G
)FORCES

(
) Positive G
( )5

((51

53
Gray-out
( )
Black-out




( -ve G
)FORCE ( )1-G
( )+ve G

( )G Suit
()Active
( )Automatic
Built in ( )Connect
( )Seal ()Automatic

((51


( )51
( )Built in Automatic System
( )Active

( )51
()

( )


( )53 ( )Push
( )4 G

51

11

Manoeuvring

((58

Axis Canopy
( )Wheel

(
) ( )Height gain

( Height gain )
( )33,000
( )10 ( )80

((59

1995

1995
-213 1

((50


1993




35

1983

((51

(
) ( )25
( )2






( )

((52





2013

(
)
1991 2013
! 1995

((55

((55




( )21

180


99

((53

( )21

((51

39 11
20
82








( )35

((51






( )

1995 35

!

((58
! (
)

(
)

1992 32

1995

180
(

((59

((30

( )
()

((31

:

:

((32





:

:
()

( )




:

((35









(
)

((35

( )


( )505

99.9

((33




(
)

( )

155


59

((31

155
!

31


19


58


11

((31


)
(

( )
()

((38

((39

((10






(
)




(
)

((11

10 35 59
( )

((12











( )
(
)
(
)G.FORCES
( (BAROMETRIC PRESSURE PROBLEMS

((15

( )99

((15


-1
-2

-5

-5
-3

-1

-1
-8
-9

-10
-11 ( )

((13

1102

((11


1525

(
)



1531


( )

((11

1591

()

((18

( )

((19

((10













(

)

( )

((11

- 1

- 2

- 5
- 5
- 3

((12



()

((15

((15

( )

( )

((13

1215

((11

(:)

((11

((18

((19

( )21
()12










:

( )35

((80

((81


()

((82

)110

((85

!

()22

((85

((83
:



:

((81














:

((81

()

((88

((89

( )





( )

((90

( )

((91

( 99 )

((92







(
)

( 21:
)

((95

((95


215

:
( )
2 :

:
(
)2

((93

((91
)
( )

(
)
(

(
)
(

)
(
)

(

((91

(
) ( )

(
)

((98

( )

((99
(
)

15-12 :

((100






:

((101

()

( )

( )


(

((102

()

( )

( )

( )

((105

( )

( )
( )

( )

((105

((103


11 595



!







:

((101



!

( )

( )

()

((101

((108



:

()
:

((109
:



:






()10

( )102

((110

( )9


:
()

( )

()
( )
( )
( )

()

( )
( )

( )231

( )

((111

( )

( )
:

( )

((112
:

10 :
!

:


:

((115

:
( )13

()

( )11

( )12

((115

( )15

()11

()
( )81

:
:
:
:

(
)
()

() ( )81

((113

()

(
)15

((111

1998

((111

11 ()1
1990 1991

11

((118







( )

11

2
:

5
:

((119

()









( )

((120

18 195019
1558

!













( )132

((121

!

11

((122

()

((125








(
)



( )10

((125



!

!

((123

:2
:

:5
:
()
!

((121



:
:133
:
:215
:
(
)
:2
:

((121
( )

((128

((129













19

((150

12 :
:






21
:21
:

((151












!

((152


( )

((155

:




( 5 )1
( 11 )39

((155

:


( )

((153

((151

( )

((151









()

((158




()


50 1985

((159





53

((150
2008

((151

((152



!

( )

((155














-:
( )11:

-:

( )9:

((155

((153

1915 1919

1933

( )

1919

((151

1910

((151

((158






( )









53

((159





!


(
)



!



151991

( )

((130





!






!

((131
!

( )

:

((132

()

((135

((135

o o

2015