VOWEL

/I/

//

IP
illegal = /lil l/
import = /mpt/
income = /km/
infect = /nfekt/
irrigate = /ret/
onto = /ntu/
orator = /rtr/
opposite = /
pzt /
optic = /ptk/
olive = /ptk/

//

//

/e/

//

//

//

apple = /pl l/
anxious = /
ks/
antenna = /n
ten/
anti = /nti/
ankle = /kl l/
eight = /et /
edit = /edt/
effort = /eft /
egg = /e/
elder = /eld/
up = /p/
upset = /pset/
undo = /ndu/
unlike = /nlak/
uncle = /kl l/
us = /z/
omit = /mit/
olympic = /limpik/
oppress = /pres/
agenda = /
dend/
oration = /renl /

MP
print = /prnt/
prince = /prns/
prick = /prk/
brilliant = /brlnt/
create = /kriet/
hollow = /hl/
forest = /frst/

FP
daisy = /dezi/
body = /bdi/
bogey = /bi/
rally = /rli/
racy = /resi/

jolly = /dli/
involve = /nvlv/
flock = /flk/
book = /bk /
look = /lk/
put = /pt/
cookie = /kki /
cook = /kk/
cat = /kt/
battery = /btri/
battle = /btl l/
bad = /bd/
pat = /pt/
pregnant = /
prennt/
press = /pres/
hen = /hen/
help = /help/
kettle = /ketl l/
one = /wn/
rub = /rb/
run = /rn/
rut = /rt/
rough = /rf/
organ = /n/
urgent = /dnt /
agency = /ednsi/
analogue = /nl/

hexa = /heks/
cholera = /klr/
iota = /at /
onto = /ntu /

artillery = /tlri/
chorus = /krs/

opera = /pr /
straw = /str/

/u:/

orchid = /kd/
order = /dr/
orbit = /bt/
organ = /n/
Oodles =/udlz/
Ooze = /uz/
Outr = /utre/

/:/

urge = /d/
urgent = /dnt /
urban = /bn/

//

ark = /k/
arcade = /ked/
army = /mi/
ardent = /dnt /
architect =
/ktekt/

DIPHTHONGS
/a/

//

/a/

//

Ideal = /adil/
idol = /adl/
Identify = /a
dentfa/
iron = /an/
island = /alnd/
Oil = /l/
Ointment = /
ntmnt/
Oiliness = /lins/

Out = /at/
Ounce = /ans/
Oust = /ast/
Outer = /at(r)/
Outside = /at
sad/
ear/(r)/
Earful /fl/

pore = /p(r)/
port = /pt/
walk = /wk/
wall = /wl/
pool = /pul/
fool = /fu:l/
loose = /lus /
root = /rut /
hoop = /hup/
birch = /bt/
bird = /bd/
first = /fst/
heard = /hd/
mercy = /msi/
card = /kd/
carbon = /kbn/
carnival = /knvl/l
dance = /dns/

law = /l /
jaw =/d/
paw = /p/
thaw = //
two = /tu:/
shoe = /u/
loo = /lu:/
kangaroo = /kru/
Tattoo = /ttu/
Stir = /st(r)/

bra = /br/

hard = /hd/
Mind = /mand/
mine = /man/

buy = /ba/
bye = /ba/

fine = /fan/
Line = /lan/
Rise = /raz/
Toilet = /tlt/

Fry = /fra/
Pry = /pra/
Butterfly = /btfla/
Boy = /b/

Choice = /ts/
Boil = /bl/
Point = /pnt/
Join = /dn/
Found = /fand/
Mouth = /ma/
Mouse = /mas/
Mound = /mand/

Toy = /t/
Employ = /mpl/
enjoy = /nd/
Joy = /d/
Now = /na/
Cow = /ka/
Allow = /la/
Endow = /nda/

Lounge = /land/
weary/wri/

Dhow = /da/
here/h(r)/
hear/h(r)/
dear/d(r)/

gear/(r)/
fear/f(r)/
/e/

aerobics/e
rbks/
aeroplane/
erplen/
aerospace/
erspes/
aerial/eril/
Air /e(r)/

//

eighty /eti/
eighteen/etin/
aid /ed/
aim/em/

//

old/ld/
Omen /mn/
onerous/nrs/
open/pn/
opal/pl/

//

there/e(r)/
hair/he(r)/

Purify /pjrfa/

/e/

TRIPHTHONGS
/a/

clair /kle(r)/

state/stet/
train/tren/
plate/plet/
make/mek/
rain/ren/
choke/tk/
ghost/st/
bloke/blk/
phone/fn/
moult/mlt/
Retrial /ritral/
Dial /dal/
Fiery /fari/
Science /sans/

wear/we(r)/
tear/te(r)/
Fare /fe(r)/
poor/p(r)/
pure/pj(r)/
sure/(r)/
lure/l(r)/
cure/kj(r)/
stay/ste/
today/tde/
Okay /ke/
Pray /pre/
play/ple/
go//
no/n/
follow/fl/
ghetto/et/
giro/dar/
inspire/nspa(r)/
fire/fa(r)/
liar/la(r)/
admire/dma(r)/
retire/rta(r)/

royal/rl/
loyal/ll/

//

Grower /r(r)/
blower /bl(r)/
mower/m(r)/

/a/

Empower /mpa(r)/

Flower /fla(r)/

CONSONANTS
/b/

/d/

/f/

/g/

/h/

/k/

/l/

big /b/
ball /bl/
bee /bi/
book /bk/
back /bk/
Day= /de/
Duck= /dk/
Deep= /dip/
Dash= /d/
Dumb= /dm/
Five= /fav/
Four= /f(r)/
Fish= /f/
Flock= /flk/
Fake= /fek/
Gap /p/
geek/ik/
Grip /rp/
glass/ls/
groom/rum/
Have= /hv/
High= /ha/
Hips = /hp/
Hole= /hl/
Hope= /hp/
Car= /k(r)/
Call= /kl/
Common= /
kmn/
Course= /ks/
Keep= /kip/
Last= /lst/
Lamp= /lmp/
Love= /lv/
Like= /lak/
Liar= /la(r)/

stable /stebl/
double /dbl/
fable /febl/
goblet = /blt/
Tablet= /tblt/
Birthday= /bde/
Friday= /frade/
Today= /tde/
Buddy = /bdi/
Lady= /ledi/
Waffle= /wfl/
Muffin= /mfn/
Safety= /sefti/
Saffron= /sfrn/
Buffalo= /bfl/
ago//
bingo/b/
cargo/k/
lego/le/
tango/t/
Vehicle= /vihkl/
Perhaps= /phps/
Behave= /bhev/
Rehab= /rihb/
Inhaler= /nhel(r)/
Duckling= /dkl/
Echo= /ek/

cab /kb/
dab /db/
nab /nb/
rub = /rb/
Cube= /kjub/
Inside= /nsad/
Beside = /bsad/
Side= /sad/
Dead=/ded/
Bed= /bed/
Enough= /nf/
Life = /laf/
Scoff= /skf/
Strafe= /strf/
Tough= /tf/
Bag= /b/
Fog= /f/
Jog= /d/
Jug= /d/
Tag= /t/

Jacket= /dkt/
Occur= /k(r)/
Packing= /pk/
Blind= /bland/
Blonde= /blnd/
Blame= /blem/
Flame= /flem/
Flare= /fle(r)/

Pick= /pk/
Lack = /lk/
Thick = /k/
Jail= /del/
Mail= /mel/
Poll= /pl/
Tail= /tel/
Tall= /tl/

Kick= /kk/
Pack= /pk/

/m/

Male= /mel/
Milk= /mlk/
Mess= /mes/
Mock= / mk/

/n/

/p/

/r/

/s/

/t/

/v/

/w/

Man= /mn/
name= /nem/
Knock= /nk/
Knee= /ni/
Knit =/nt/
Knack= /nk/
Pale= /pel/
Pin= /pn/
Peace= /pis/
Poke= /pk/
Pinch = /pnt/
Rush = /r/
Rap =/rp/
Risk= /rsk/
Rope= /rp/
Rest= /rest/
Sister= /sst(r)/
Soap= /sp/
Seat= /sit/
Sick= /sk/
Surf= /sf/
Top= /tp/
Task= /tsk/
Tale= /tel/
Time= /tam/
Tuck= /tk/
Vase= /vz/
Van= /vn/
Vegan= /vin/
Valid= /vld/
Value= /vlju/
Wait /wet/
Wish /w/
Wine /wan/

Emerge= /imd/
Immature = /m
tj(r)/
Imply= /mpla/
Gymnastic= /dm
nstks/
Vampire= /
vmpa(r)/
Banana = /bnn/
Sauna = /sn/
Spinner= /spn(r)/
Signature= /
snt(r)/
Printer= /prnt(r)/
Couple= /kpl/
Typo = /tap/
Hyper= /hap(r)/
Hipsters= /hpstz/
Copper= /kp(r)/
Betrayal= /btrel/
Porridge= /prd/
Carry= /kri/
Bury= /beri/
Fairy= /feri/
Society= /ssati/
Facing= /fes/
Racing= /res/
Sausage= /ssd/
Passage= /psd/
Pity= /pti/
Bitter= /bt(r)/
Butter= /bt(r)/
Meter= /mit(r)/
Sweater= /swet(r)/
Divorce= /dvs/
Device= /dvas/
Divide= /dvad/
Saver= /sev(r)/
Silver= /slv(r)/
Between /btwin/
Misquote /mskwt/

come/km/
jam/dm/
lame/lem/
game/em/
Spam= /spm/
Tan= /tn/
Can= /kn/
Man = /mn/
Mean = /min/
Fan= /fn/
Cap= /kp/
Cope= /kp/
Dope= /dp/
Scoop= /skup/
Escape= /skep/
Locker= /lkr/
Ruler= /rulr/
Faster= /fstr/
Lover= /lvr/
Disaster= /dzstr/
Spice= /spas/
Dice= /das/
Lace= /les/
Case =/kes/
Science = /sans/
Test = /test/
Best= /best/
Meat= /mit/
Beat= /bit/
Lost= /lst/
Cursive /ksv/
olive/lv/
abusive/bjusv/
save/sev/
Massive /msv/

/z/

//

//

/j/

/t/

//

//

//

Would /wd/
Weak /wik/
Zipper /zp(r)/
Zero /zr/
Zoo /zu/
Zeal /zil/
zoom/zum/
Think /k/
Three /ri/
Thank /k/
Theatre /t(r)/
Theme /im/
She /i/
Shoe /u/
Shape /ep/
Shame /em/
Shock /k/
Use / juz/
unit /junt/
unique /junik/
union /junin/
universe /junvs/
chair /te(r)/
chain /ten/
Cheap /tip/
Cheek /tik/
Chalk /tk/
them/m/
there/e(r)/
They /e/
That /t/
Though //

Visit /vzt/
Visa /viz/
Pheasant /feznt/
Lizard /lzd/
Bizarre /bz(r)/
Birthday /bde/
author/(r)/
Wealthy /weli/

Percussion /pkn/
Mission /mn/
Cushion /kn/
Dashing /d/
Fishing /f/
reuse /rijuz/
mutant /mjutnt/
abuse /bjus/
amuse /mjuz/
beauty /bjuti/
butcher/bt(r)/
catcher/kt(r)/
texture/tekst(r)/
picture/pkt(r)/
virtual/vtul/
Bother /b(r)/
Wether /we(r)/
Either /a(r)/
Leather /le(r)/
Worthy /wi/
Usual /juul/
Vision /vn/
Measure /me(r)/
Invasion /nven/
Division /dvn/
single/sl/
mingle/ml/
mango/m/
tango/t/

Is /z/
Froze /frz/
Buzz /bz/
Rose /rz/
Graze /rez/
Mouth /ma/
Strength /stre/
Length /le/
South /sa/
Both /b/
English /l/
British /brt/
Polish /pl/
Crush /kr/
Fish /f/

catch/kt/
hatch/ht/
pitch/pt/
match/mt/
lunch/lnt/
Breathe /bri/
Clothe /kl/

Missing /ms/
staring/ ster/
sing /s/
Fang /f/

/d/

Judge /dd/
Juice /dus/
Join /dn/
journey /dni/
gentle /dentl/

bingo/b/
strategy /strtdi/
biology /baldi/
orgy /di/
gorgeous /ds/
region /ridn/

bang /b/
Drudge /drd/
edge/ed/
Porridge /prd/
Singe /snd/
Stage /sted/

CONSONANT CLUSTER
pl
Plane /plen/
Explore /k
spl(r)/
Explain /k
splen/
Apple /pl/
Pleasure /
ple(r)/

tw

pr
Praise /prez/

pj
Pure /pj(r)/

tr
tree/tri/

Price /pras/

trial/tral/

Proud /prad/
Improve /m
pruv/

introvert/ntrvt/
track/trk/
introduce/ntr
djus/

Impress /mpres/

kl

bl

br

twin /twn/
twice /twas/
twenty /twenti/

clap/klp/
clay/kle/
eclipse/klps/

Blood /bld/
Blame /blem/
Blade /bled/

twinkle /twkl/
between /btwin/
Bubble /bbl/
Available /
velbl/
Adorable /
drbl/
bj
Beauty /bjuti/
Beautiful /bjutfl/
Abusive /
bjusv/
Abuse /bjus/

clothe/kl/
miracle/mrkl/
Wrinkle /rkl/

Double /dbl/
Able /ebl/

Brave /brev/
Brain /bren/
Break /brek/
Embrace /m
bres/
Abroad /brd/

dr
drunk /drk/
drain /dren/

dw
Dwarf /dwf/
Dwell /dwel/

kr
crush/kr/
crown/kran/

dragon /drn/
drama /drm/
drive /drav/
syndrome /

crack/krk/

sndrm/

kj
cure /kj(r)/
cute /kjut/
cube /kjub/
curious /kjris/
Excuse / kskjus/
incubator /
kjubet(r)/

kj
cure /kj(r)/
cute /kjut/
cube /kjub/
curious /kjris/
Excuse / kskjus/
incubator /
kjubet(r)/

sl
Slaughter /
slt(r)/
Slight /slat/
Slay /sle/
Slim /slm/
Fossil /fsl/
Muscle /msl/

sm

kw

gl
Glow /l/
Glue /lu/

Grow /r/
Grape /rep/

Bugle /bjul/

equal/ikwl/
Equivalent /
kwvlnt/

Ugly /li/

Graft /rft/
Background /
bkrand/
Migrant /
marnt/
Migraine /
miren/

Eagle /il/
Glory /lri/

kw
Quite /kwat/
Quick /kwk/
Qualify /
kwlfa/
equal/ikwl/
Equivalent /
kwvlnt/

fj

Swear /swe(r)/
Sweep /swip/
Sweet /swit/
Sweat /swet/
Sworn /swn/

Throw /r/
Threat /ret/

funeral/fjunrl/

Throne /rn/
Through /ru/
Three /ri/
Bathroom /
brum/

sp
space/spes/
spice/spas/
spoon/spun/
speak/spik/
gasp/sp/
passport /pspt/

sn
Sneak /snik/

Smell /smel/
Smile /smal/

Snack /snk/
Snap /snp/

Smirk /smk/

Snai l/snel/

Smog /sm/

Snow /sn/

future/fjut(r)
fuel/fjul/

sw

Small /sml/

hj
Human /hjumn/
Humiliate /hju
mliet/
Humint /hjumnt/
Humorist /
hjumrst/

nj
new /nju/
annual /njul/
manual /
mnjul/

gr

Quite /kwat/
Quick /kwk/
Qualify /
kwlfa/

pt
except /ksept/
accept /ksept/
interrupt /ntrpt/

st
sticky/stki/
sturdy/stdi/
stalk/stk/
steam/stim/
cost/kst/
burst/bst/

mj
Mutant /mjutnt/
Mulatto /mju
lt/
Mulish /mjul/
Mule /mjul/
Amuse /mjuz/

MINIMAL PAIRS
Vowel Sounds

Minimal Pairs // and /i:/

(sit /st/ - seat /sit/)

Minimal Pairs /e/ and //

(desk /desk/- disk /dsk/)

Minimal Pairs /e/ and /e/ (wet/wet/ - wait/wet/)

Minimal Pairs // and // (bat/bt/ - but/bt/)

Minimal Pairs // and // (not/nt/ - note/nt/)

Consonant Sounds

Minimal
Minimal
Minimal
Minimal
Minimal

Pairs
Pairs
Pairs
Pairs
Pairs

/n/ and //
initial /k/ and /g/
final /k/ and /g/
/f/ and //
/:/ and /:/

(thin /n/ - thing//)

(came /kem/ - game/em/)
(back /bk/ - bag/b/)
(free /fri/ - three/ri/)
(fast /fst/ - first /fst/)