Chapter 2 (Form 5)

The figure below shows a simplified version of the nitrogen cycle.

Protein in plants
Process X
Proteins in animals

Nitrates

Process Y
Stage 2
Ammonium compounds

Stage 1

(a) Name the processes X and Y.

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(b) Explain how nitrates in the soil enter plants.
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(c) Name the types of bacteria involved in stages 1 and 2.
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(d) Besides bacteria, what other microorganisms are usually involved in stage 1?
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(e) How is nitrogen in nitrates returned to the atmosphere?
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(f) What other natural process adds nitrates to the soil? Explain how it is done.
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